CN115474503B - Method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting for long cutting surface - Google Patents
Method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting for long cutting surface Download PDFInfo
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- CN115474503B CN115474503B CN202211238015.2A CN202211238015A CN115474503B CN 115474503 B CN115474503 B CN 115474503B CN 202211238015 A CN202211238015 A CN 202211238015A CN 115474503 B CN115474503 B CN 115474503B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-junction combined cutting of long cut surfaces. The method comprises the steps of trimming thicker and longer abandoned trunks and branches in the garden pruning process, selecting trunks or branches with ornamental plant varieties, grafting root systems at 30cm positions on the bases of the trunks and the branches, grafting excellent varieties at the top ends and positions needing branching, replacing seeds, cutting the base, treating with rooting agents, and planting on a sand bed for cutting cultivation management. The method for breeding and cultivating the large ornamental seedlings has developed root systems, high survival rate, wide application range and short seedling time, and improves economic benefit.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ornamental seedling cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-junction combined cutting with long cutting surfaces.
Background
The existing methods for cultivating ornamental seedlings generally comprise methods of seed sexual propagation, split grafting, cut grafting, cuttage and the like in asexual propagation, and the methods are applicable to various seedlings, have wide application range and are long in seedling time. The scion grafting is short and small, the cutting surface of the stock and the scion is short, the contact surface is small, only short scions (the length is about 5-20 cm) can be grafted, and the longer scions are not easy to survive; only smaller scions (the diameter of the scions is about 1-3 cm thick), and the scions with the diameter of more than 3cm thick are not easy to survive; the method can not graft the root-free thick and thick branches, and can not graft the thick and thick branches into new individual plants because the length of the cutting surface of the stock ear is shorter (the length of the cutting surface of the grafting is only about 1-2 cm) in the prior grafting method, and the method can not meet the supply balance requirement of water and organic matters required by the thick and thick branches. The cutting method is suitable for smaller and shorter branches, the survival rate of the cutting of the thick and thick branches is extremely low, and the common cutting does not select the thick and thick branches as cutting slips. Because the cutting method can only use small branches, the horticulture is to discard the thick and big branches of the trimmed plants as firewood or garbage.
If long cut surface grafting and cuttage are combined, the defects can be overcome theoretically, and the thick trunk branches are grafted to survive, so that the forming of the landscape tree is quickened. However, because of the long cut surface double grafting method, root systems and variety scions are grafted at the head and tail ends of a section of large trunk or large branch at the same time, the grafting technical requirement is high, the later management difficulty requirements for moisture preservation, temperature control and the like are extremely high, and the root grafting part is easy to be infected with bacteria to cause grafting failure, and the grafted root systems die after being disinfected by adopting a traditional disinfectant.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-junction combined cutting and rapid propagation of long cut surfaces.
A method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting of long cut surfaces comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting trunk and branch of tree as stock, root system and branch of same family plant as scion, soaking stock in clear water for 8-12 hr;
(2) Grafting:
A. grafting fine variety scions on the tops of the branches and the branches: cutting a cut with the length of 10-15 cm of the xylem downwards below the bending outer side of the trunk by a 'sticking method' at the outer side of the bending part of the trunk, cutting off the epidermis at a 45-degree inclined plane at 13 cm below, cutting a cutter with the length of about 10-15 cm at the same 45-degree angle on the reverse side of the bending surface of the scion and the cut of the trunk, and cutting the reverse side of the basal part of the cut surface; cutting the lower end of the scion into 45 degrees, inserting the scion into the trunk and the branch, aligning to form layers, nailing the scion firmly by nails, winding the film tape from bottom to top, and exposing bud eyes;
B. grafting root system of the branch close to the base: at the position where the saw mouth of the root part of the stock is 25-35cm upwards, firstly, a grafting knife is used for upwards and flatly cutting a threading leather part to a length of 15-25cm, then a receiving knife is withdrawn, then, the cut leather part of the stock is cut to be half long, a xylem forming layer with the length of 8-12cm is exposed, a 15-25cm long plane is formed, the cutting method of the root is consistent with the length of the cutting surface of the stock, the front end of the root is cut to be 35 degrees, the leather part is cut to be 8-12cm, then, the root is inserted into a dry branch incision, one side forming layer is aligned, after the root is anastomosed with the stock, 2-4 root systems are respectively grafted at equal intervals by the same method, after nailing, a prepared 2-5cm wide film belt is used, the root systems are tightly wound together under the condition of covering tile, 1/2 is pressed upwards, and the grafting is firmly bound, namely, the grafting is completed; grafting scions which need to be branched on the top end of the stock by the same method;
(3) Soaking the basal incision in rooting liquid for 1-3h after grafting, and cutting on a sand bed;
(4) Watering the moisturizing and sterilizing water once, watering thoroughly, spraying water on the trunk of the sandy soil part on a sunny day for moisturizing, and spraying water on the branches and leaves for moisturizing after the branches and leaves grow;
(5) When the new branch grows to 18-22cm, picking the core, and promoting branching;
(6) Unbinding: after grafting for 2-4 months, when the film belt is concave and convex, a knife is longitudinally scratched on the film belt, and the film belt is automatically detached;
(7) And (3) fertilization: and (3) after 120 days of grafting, entering a vigorous growth period, watering, applying a liquid organic fertilizer, preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, and taking out from a nursery after 1-3 years.
The length of the scion in the step (1) is 20-40cm.
The rooting liquid is an aqueous solution of indolebutyric acid with the mass fraction of 0.01-0.05%.
A sunshade net with the height of 2-3m is arranged above the sand bed.
The moisturizing and sterilizing water consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of potassium sorbate, 3-5 parts of viola yedoensis extract and 3-5 parts of herba leonuri extract.
The method for extracting the viola yedoensis extract comprises the following steps: sun drying stem and leaf of herba Violae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 4-8 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness.
The extraction method of the herba leonuri extract comprises the following steps: sun drying herba et Gemma Agrimoniae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 4-6 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness.
The potassium sorbate is used as a humectant and has the main function of keeping soil moist after once watering; viola yedoensis extract and herba et Gemma Agrimoniae extract have effects of moistening, sterilizing, and improving survival rate of 120-degree nursery stock.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention adopts the tree trunk and branch long cut surface double grafting+cutting method, and the long cut surface is unchanged in the existing grafting method, and only the lengths of the cutting surfaces of the stock and the scion are increased by 5-10 times on the basis of the original lengths, so that the lengths of the stock and the scion cut surfaces are increased, and the combined area of the stock and the scion is also increased; the double grafting is to replace grafting of fine variety scions on the upper part of the selected trunk and branch and supplement grafting root systems on the lower part; the cutting is to make fixed cutting on the grafted trunk and branch of the tree on a sand bed; the long-cut surface grafting and root system cutting are performed simultaneously, and the double-safety of root grafting, grafting and cutting is performed. The cutting surfaces of the stock and the scion are lengthened, so that the contact area of the stock and the scion is enlarged, and the grafting root system cutting is performed simultaneously, so that the survival rate of the high-quality seedlings cultivated by rapid propagation is greatly improved under double-pipe condition; the method can effectively utilize the trunks and branches without root systems, and obtain a long and thick grafting complete good variety plant by grafting root systems and good variety scions at the two ends of the trunks and branches, which is equivalent to cultivating a plurality of annual thick trees, thus the method has the advantages of short nursery time, quick turnover, high price and natural benefit improvement.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described more fully hereinafter in order to facilitate an understanding of the present invention. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete.
Example 1
A method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting of long cut surfaces comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a Lagerstroemia speciosa trunk with the length of 2m and the diameter of 20cm as a stock, taking a Lagerstroemia speciosa branch and root system as scions, and soaking the stock in clear water for 10h; the length of the scion is 30cm;
(2) Grafting:
A. grafting fine variety scions on the tops of the branches and the branches: cutting a cut with the length of 15 centimeters of the xylem downwards below the bending outer side of the trunk by a 'sticking method' at the outer side of the bending part of the trunk, cutting off the epidermis at a 45-degree inclined plane at 13 centimeters below the cut, and cutting a cutter with the length of about 15 centimeters at the same 45-degree angle at the back side of the base part of the cut surface by the scion bending back side equal to the length of the trunk cut; cutting the lower end of the scion into 45 degrees, inserting the scion into the trunk and the branch, aligning to form layers, nailing the scion firmly by nails, winding the film tape from bottom to top, and exposing bud eyes;
B. grafting root system of the branch close to the base: at the position of 30cm of the saw mouth of the stock base, firstly, a grafting knife is used for upwards and flatly cutting a bark part at an angle of 15 degrees until the bark part is withdrawn from the stock to a receiving knife with the length of 20cm, then, the bark part cut by the stock is cut off for half of the length to expose a xylem cambium with the length of 10cm of the bark part, a 20cm long plane is formed, the cutting method of the root is consistent with the length of the cut surface of the stock, the front end of the root is cut to 35 degrees, the bark part is cut to be 10cm, then the root is inserted into a dry branch incision, the cambium is aligned, after the root is anastomosed with the stock, 3 root systems are respectively grafted at equal intervals by using the same method, after nailing, a prepared 4cm wide film belt is used, like a cover tile is pressed from bottom to top, 1/2 upwards is tensioned and wound, and binding is firm, namely, the grafting of the root is completed; grafting scions which need to be branched on the top end of the stock by the same method;
(3) After grafting is completed, soaking the base part in rooting liquid for 2 hours, and cutting on a sand bed; the rooting liquid is an aqueous solution of indolebutyric acid with the mass fraction of 0.03%; a sunshade net with the height of 2m is arranged above the sand bed;
(4) Watering the moisturizing and sterilizing water once, watering thoroughly, spraying water on the trunk of the sandy soil part on a sunny day for moisturizing, and spraying water on the branches and leaves for moisturizing after the branches and leaves grow;
the moisturizing and sterilizing water consists of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of potassium sorbate, 4 parts of viola yedoensis extract and 4 parts of herba leonuri extract;
the method for extracting the viola yedoensis extract comprises the following steps: sun drying stem and leaf of herba Violae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 6 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness;
the extraction method of the herba leonuri extract comprises the following steps: sun drying herba et Gemma Agrimoniae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 5 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness;
(5) When the new branch grows to 20cm, picking the core, and promoting branching;
(6) Unbinding: after 2.5 months of grafting, the grafting part starts to appear that the film belt is concave and convex at uneven time, a knife is longitudinally scratched on the film belt, and the film belt is automatically detached;
(7) And (3) fertilization: and (3) after 120 days of grafting, entering a vigorous growth period, watering, applying a liquid organic fertilizer, preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, and taking out from a nursery after 1 year.
Example 2
A method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting of long cut surfaces comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a Lagerstroemia speciosa trunk with the length of 2m and the diameter of 20cm as a stock, taking a Lagerstroemia speciosa branch and root system as scions, and soaking the stock in clear water for 10h; the length of the scion is 25cm;
(2) Grafting:
A. grafting fine variety scions on the tops of the branches and the branches: cutting a cut with the length of 15 centimeters of the xylem downwards below the bending outer side of the trunk by a 'sticking method' at the outer side of the bending part of the trunk, cutting off the epidermis at a 45-degree inclined plane at 13 centimeters below the cut, and cutting a cutter with the length of about 15 centimeters at the same 45-degree angle at the back side of the base part of the cut surface by the scion bending back side equal to the length of the trunk cut; cutting the lower end of the scion into 45 degrees with 3-5 buds, inserting the scion into the trunk and branch, aligning to form a layer, nailing the scion firmly with a split pin, and winding the film tape from bottom to top to expose bud eyes;
B. grafting root system of the branch close to the base: at the position where the saw mouth of the root part of the stock is 25cm upwards, firstly, a grafting knife is used for upwards and flatly cutting a bark part at an angle of 15 degrees until a receiving knife with the length of 15cm is withdrawn, then, the bark part cut by the stock is cut off for half of the length, the xylem cambium with the length of 8cm of the bark part is exposed, a 15cm long plane is formed, the cutting method of the root is consistent with the length of the cut surface of the stock, the front end of the root is cut into 35 degrees, the bark part is cut off for 8cm, then the root is inserted into a cut of a dry branch, the cambium is aligned, after the root is anastomosed with the stock, the root is nailed by iron nails respectively, 2 root systems are grafted at equal intervals by the same method, after nailing, a prepared 3cm wide film band is used, the cover tile is commonly pressed from bottom to top, 1/2 upwards is tensioned and wound, and binding is firm, namely, the grafting of the root is completed; grafting scions which need to be branched on the top end of the stock by the same method;
(3) After grafting is completed, soaking the base part in rooting liquid for 3 hours, and cutting on a sand bed; the rooting liquid is an aqueous solution of indolebutyric acid with the mass fraction of 0.02%; a sunshade net with the height of 3m is arranged above the sand bed;
(4) Watering the moisturizing and sterilizing water once, watering thoroughly, spraying water on the trunk of the sandy soil part on a sunny day for moisturizing, and spraying water on the branches and leaves for moisturizing after the branches and leaves grow;
the moisturizing and sterilizing water consists of the following components in parts by weight: 3 parts of potassium sorbate, 3 parts of viola yedoensis extract and 3 parts of herba leonuri extract;
the method for extracting the viola yedoensis extract comprises the following steps: sun drying stem and leaf of herba Violae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 5 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness;
the extraction method of the herba leonuri extract comprises the following steps: sun drying herba et Gemma Agrimoniae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 4 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness;
(5) When the new branch grows to 18cm, picking the core, and promoting branching;
(6) Unbinding: after grafting for 2 months, the grafting part starts to appear that the film belt is concave and convex at uneven time, a knife is longitudinally scratched on the film belt, and the film belt is automatically detached;
(7) And (3) fertilization: and (3) after 120 days of grafting, entering a vigorous growth period, watering, applying a liquid organic fertilizer, preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, and outplanting after 2 years.
Example 3
A method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting of long cut surfaces comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a Lagerstroemia speciosa trunk with the length of 2m and the diameter of 20cm as a stock, taking a Lagerstroemia speciosa branch and root system as scions, and soaking the stock in clear water for 12h; the length of the scion is 30cm;
(2) Grafting:
A. grafting fine variety scions on the tops of the branches and the branches: cutting a cut with the length of 15 centimeters of the xylem downwards below the bending outer side of the trunk by a 'sticking method' at the outer side of the bending part of the trunk, cutting off the epidermis at a 45-degree inclined plane at 13 centimeters below the cut, and cutting a cutter with the length of about 15 centimeters at the same 45-degree angle at the back side of the base part of the cut surface by the scion bending back side equal to the length of the trunk cut; cutting the lower end of the scion into 45 degrees with 3-5 buds, inserting the scion into the trunk and branch, aligning to form a layer, nailing the scion firmly with a split pin, and winding the film tape from bottom to top to expose bud eyes;
B. grafting root system of the branch close to the base: at the position of 30cm of the saw mouth of the stock base, firstly, a grafting knife is used for upwards and flatly cutting a bark part at an angle of 15 degrees until the bark part is withdrawn from the stock to a receiving knife with the length of 20cm, then, the bark part cut by the stock is cut off for half of the length to expose a xylem cambium with the length of 10cm of the bark part, a 20cm long plane is formed, the cutting method of the root is consistent with the length of the cut surface of the stock, the front end of the root is cut to 35 degrees, the bark part is cut to be 10cm, then the root is inserted into a dry branch incision, the cambium is aligned, after the root is anastomosed with the stock, the root is nailed by iron nails respectively, 4 root systems are grafted at equal intervals by the same method, after nailing, a prepared 5cm wide film tape is used, like a cover tile is pressed from bottom to top, 1/2 upwards is tensioned and wound, and binding is firm, namely, the grafting of the root is completed; grafting scions which need to be branched on the top end of the stock by the same method;
(3) After grafting is completed, soaking the base part in rooting liquid for 3 hours, and cutting on a sand bed; the rooting liquid is an aqueous solution of indolebutyric acid with the mass fraction of 0.05%; a sunshade net with the height of 2m is arranged above the sand bed;
(4) Watering the moisturizing and sterilizing water once, watering thoroughly, spraying water on the trunk of the sandy soil part on a sunny day for moisturizing, and spraying water on the branches and leaves for moisturizing after the branches and leaves grow;
the moisturizing and sterilizing water consists of the following components in parts by weight: 6 parts of potassium sorbate, 5 parts of viola yedoensis extract and 5 parts of herba leonuri extract;
the method for extracting the viola yedoensis extract comprises the following steps: sun drying stem and leaf of herba Violae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 7 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness;
the extraction method of the herba leonuri extract comprises the following steps: sun drying herba et Gemma Agrimoniae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 6 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness;
(5) When the new branch grows to 22cm, picking the core, and promoting branching;
(6) Unbinding: after 3 months of grafting, the grafting part starts to appear that the film belt is concave and convex irregularly, a knife is longitudinally scratched on the film belt, and the film belt is automatically detached;
(7) And (3) fertilization: and (3) after 120 days of grafting, entering a vigorous growth period, watering, applying a liquid organic fertilizer, preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, and taking out from a nursery after 1 year.
Comparative example 1
A method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting of long cut surfaces comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a Lagerstroemia speciosa trunk with the length of 2m and the diameter of 20cm as a stock, taking a Lagerstroemia speciosa branch and root system as scions, and soaking the stock in clear water for 10h; the length of the scion is 30cm;
(2) Grafting:
A. grafting fine variety scions on the tops of the branches and the branches: cutting a cut with the length of 15 centimeters of the xylem downwards below the bending outer side of the trunk by a 'sticking method' at the outer side of the bending part of the trunk, cutting off the epidermis at a 45-degree inclined plane at 13 centimeters below the cut, and cutting a cutter with the length of about 15 centimeters at the same 45-degree angle at the back side of the base part of the cut surface by the scion bending back side equal to the length of the trunk cut; cutting the lower end of the scion into 45 degrees with 3-5 buds, inserting the scion into the trunk and branch, aligning to form a layer, nailing the scion firmly with a split pin, and winding the film tape from bottom to top to expose bud eyes;
B. grafting root system of the branch close to the base: at the position of 30cm of the saw mouth of the stock base, firstly, a grafting knife is used for upwards and flatly cutting a bark part at an angle of 15 degrees until the bark part is withdrawn from the stock to a receiving knife with the length of 20cm, then, the bark part cut by the stock is cut off for half of the length to expose a xylem cambium with the length of 10cm of the bark part, a 20cm long plane is formed, the cutting method of the root is consistent with the length of the cut surface of the stock, the front end of the root is cut to 35 degrees, the bark part is cut to be 10cm, then the root is inserted into a dry branch incision, the cambium is aligned, after the root is anastomosed with the stock, 3 root systems are respectively grafted at equal intervals by using the same method, after nailing, a prepared 4cm wide film belt is used, like a cover tile is pressed from bottom to top, 1/2 upwards is tensioned and wound, and binding is firm, namely, the grafting of the root is completed; grafting scions which need to be branched on the top end of the stock by the same method;
(3) After grafting is completed, soaking the base part in rooting liquid for 2 hours, and cutting on a sand bed; the rooting liquid is an aqueous solution of indolebutyric acid with the mass fraction of 0.03%; a sunshade net with the height of 2m is arranged above the sand bed;
(4) Watering the moisturizing and sterilizing water once, watering thoroughly, spraying water on the trunk of the sandy soil part on a sunny day for moisturizing, and spraying water on the branches and leaves for moisturizing after the branches and leaves grow;
the moisturizing and sterilizing water consists of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of potassium sorbate, 4 parts of viola yedoensis extract and 4 parts of herba leonuri extract;
the method for extracting the viola yedoensis extract comprises the following steps: sun drying stem and leaf of herba Violae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 6 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness;
the extraction method of the herba leonuri extract comprises the following steps: sun drying herba et Gemma Agrimoniae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 5 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness;
(5) When the new branch grows to 20cm, picking the core, and promoting branching;
(6) Unbinding: after 2.5 months of grafting, the grafting part starts to appear that the film belt is concave and convex at uneven time, a knife is longitudinally scratched on the film belt, and the film belt is automatically detached;
(7) And (3) fertilization: and (3) after 120 days of grafting, entering a vigorous growth period, watering, applying a liquid organic fertilizer, preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, and taking out from a nursery after 1 year.
Comparative example 2
A method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting of long cut surfaces comprises the following steps:
(1) Selecting a Lagerstroemia speciosa trunk with the length of 2m and the diameter of 20cm as a stock, taking a Lagerstroemia speciosa branch and root system as scions, and soaking the stock in clear water for 10h; the length of the scion is 30cm;
(2) Grafting:
A. grafting fine variety scions on the tops of the branches and the branches: cutting a cut with the length of 15 centimeters of the xylem downwards below the bending outer side of the trunk by a 'sticking method' at the outer side of the bending part of the trunk, cutting off the epidermis at a 45-degree inclined plane at 13 centimeters below the cut, and cutting a cutter with the length of about 15 centimeters at the same 45-degree angle at the back side of the base part of the cut surface by the scion bending back side equal to the length of the trunk cut; cutting the lower end of the scion into 45 degrees with 3-5 buds, inserting the scion into the trunk and branch, aligning to form a layer, nailing the scion firmly with a split pin, and winding the film tape from bottom to top to expose bud eyes;
B. grafting root system of the branch close to the base: at the position of 30cm of the saw mouth of the stock base, firstly, a grafting knife is used for upwards and flatly cutting a bark part at an angle of 15 degrees until the bark part is withdrawn from the stock until the bark part is 20cm long, then, the bark part cut by the stock is cut off for half of the length, the xylem cambium of 10cm of the bark part is exposed, a 20cm long plane is formed, the cutting method of the root is consistent with the length of the cut surface of the stock, the front end of the root is cut into 35 degrees, the bark part is cut for 10cm, then the root is inserted into a cut of a dry branch, the cambium is aligned, after the root is anastomosed with the stock, 3 root systems are respectively grafted at equal intervals by using the same method by using nails, after nailing, a prepared 4cm wide film belt is used, like a cover tile is pressed for one step from bottom to top, 1/2 upwards tightening winding is carried out, and binding is firm, namely, the grafting of the base is completed; grafting scions which need to be branched on the top end of the stock by the same method;
(3) After grafting is completed, soaking the base part in rooting liquid for 2 hours, and cutting on a sand bed; the rooting liquid is an aqueous solution of indolebutyric acid with the mass fraction of 0.03%; a sunshade net with the height of 2m is arranged above the sand bed;
(4) Watering the moisturizing and sterilizing water once, watering thoroughly, spraying water on the trunk of the sandy soil part on a sunny day for moisturizing, and spraying water on the branches and leaves for moisturizing after the branches and leaves grow;
the moisturizing and sterilizing water consists of the following components in parts by weight: 5 parts of potassium sorbate, 4 parts of viola yedoensis extract and 4 parts of herba leonuri extract;
the method for extracting the viola yedoensis extract comprises the following steps: sun drying stem and leaf of herba Violae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 6 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness;
the extraction method of the herba leonuri extract comprises the following steps: sun drying herba et Gemma Agrimoniae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 5 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness;
(5) When the new branch grows to 20cm, picking the core, and promoting branching;
(6) Unbinding: after 2.5 months of grafting, the grafting part starts to appear that the film belt is concave and convex at uneven time, a knife is longitudinally scratched on the film belt, and the film belt is automatically detached;
(7) And (3) fertilization: and (3) after 120 days of grafting, entering a vigorous growth period, watering, applying a liquid organic fertilizer, preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, and taking out from a nursery after 1 year.
10 parallel experiments were performed for each group of experiments, and 3 groups were performed for each example and comparative example according to the methods of examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-2, respectively, and the survival rate of seedlings was counted at 120 days, as shown in Table 1 below:
TABLE 1
Note that: * Representing P <0.05 compared to example 1.
The above examples illustrate only a few embodiments of the invention, which are described in detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for fast breeding and cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting of long cut surfaces is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Selecting trunk and branch of tree as stock, branch and root system of same family plant as scion, soaking stock in clear water for 8-12 hr;
(2) Grafting:
A. grafting fine variety scions on the tops of the branches and the branches: firstly cutting a cut with the length of 10-15 cm from the outer side of the bending part of the trunk downwards by using a 'sticking method' at the outer side of the bending part of the trunk, cutting off the epidermis at a 45-degree inclined plane at the 13 cm lower side, and cutting a cutter with the length of 10-15 cm at the 45-degree angle at the back side of the base part of the cut surface by using the same length as the bent back side of the scion equal length of the trunk cut; cutting the lower end of the scion into 45 degrees, inserting the scion into the trunk and the branch, aligning to form layers, nailing the scion firmly by nails, winding the film tape from bottom to top, and exposing bud eyes;
B. grafting root system of the branch close to the base: at the position where the saw mouth of the root part of the stock is 25-35cm upwards, firstly, a grafting knife is used for upwards and flatly cutting a threading leather part at an angle of 15 degrees until the length of the threading leather part is 15-25cm, then, the cut leather part of the stock is cut off for half length, a xylem forming layer with the length of 8-12cm of the threading leather part is exposed, a 15-25cm long plane is formed, the cutting method of the root is consistent with the length of the cutting surface of the stock, the front end of the root is cut at an angle of 35 degrees, the leather part is cut for 8-12cm, then, the root is inserted into a dry branch incision, one side forming layer is aligned, after the root is anastomosed with the stock, the root is nailed by iron nails, 2-4 root systems are grafted at equal intervals respectively by the same method, after nailing, a prepared 2-5cm wide film band is used, one step of tightening and winding is carried out upwards, and firm binding is completed, namely, the grafting of the root is completed; grafting scions which need to be branched on the top end of the stock by the same method;
(3) After grafting is completed, soaking the base in rooting liquid for 1-3h, and cutting on a sand bed;
(4) Watering the moisturizing and sterilizing water once, watering thoroughly, spraying water on the trunk of the sandy soil part on a sunny day for moisturizing, and spraying water on the branches and leaves for moisturizing after the branches and leaves grow;
(5) When the new branch grows to 18-22cm, picking the core, and promoting branching;
(6) Unbinding: after grafting for 2-4 months, when the film belt is concave and convex, a knife is longitudinally scratched on the film belt, and the film belt is automatically detached;
(7) And (3) fertilization: and (3) after 120 days of grafting, entering a vigorous growth period, watering, applying a liquid organic fertilizer, preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests, and taking out from a nursery after 1-3 years.
2. The method for rapid propagation and cultivation of ornamental seedlings by double-junction cutting with long cut surfaces according to claim 1, wherein the length of the scion in the step (1) is 20-40cm.
3. The method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-junction combined cutting fast propagation of long cut noodles according to claim 1, wherein the rooting liquid is an aqueous solution of indolebutyric acid with the mass fraction of 0.01-0.05%.
4. The method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-junction cutting fast propagation of long cut noodles according to claim 1, wherein a sunshade net with the height of 2-3m is arranged above the sand bed.
5. The method for cultivating ornamental seedlings by double-binding combined cutting and rapid propagation of long-cut noodles according to claim 1, wherein the moisturizing and sterilizing water comprises the following components in parts by weight: 3-8 parts of potassium sorbate, 3-5 parts of viola yedoensis extract and 3-5 parts of herba leonuri extract.
6. The method for rapid propagation and cultivation of ornamental seedlings by double-junction cutting of long cut noodles according to claim 5, wherein the extraction method of the viola yedoensis extract is as follows: sun drying stem and leaf of herba Violae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 4-8 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness.
7. The method for rapid propagation and cultivation of ornamental seedlings by double-junction cutting of long cut noodles according to claim 5, wherein the extraction method of the herba leonuri extract is as follows: sun drying herba et Gemma Agrimoniae, grinding into powder, reflux extracting with 4-6 times of 70% ethanol water solution for 3 times, mixing filtrates, and evaporating to dryness.
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| CA1129666A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1982-08-17 | Richard H. Smeltzer | Tissue culture method for asexual propagation of pine trees and medium for use therewith |
| JP2000139202A (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-23 | Tsukasa Kataya | Layering of nursering stock in short period |
| JP2007267682A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Osaka Prefecture Univ | Method for raising seedling of vegetable grafted nursery plant |
| CN101273692A (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2008-10-01 | 广西大学 | Method for cutting, breeding and seedling of Wild Vitis quinquangularis in Guangxi Province |
| CN101530041A (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2009-09-16 | 国家林业局泡桐研究开发中心 | Drupaceous economic forest rootstock hardwood cutting propagation method |
| CN103141312A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-06-12 | 南京林业大学 | Grafting and seedling raising method for European hornbeam |
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Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA1129666A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1982-08-17 | Richard H. Smeltzer | Tissue culture method for asexual propagation of pine trees and medium for use therewith |
| JP2000139202A (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-23 | Tsukasa Kataya | Layering of nursering stock in short period |
| JP2007267682A (en) * | 2006-03-31 | 2007-10-18 | Osaka Prefecture Univ | Method for raising seedling of vegetable grafted nursery plant |
| CN101273692A (en) * | 2008-05-19 | 2008-10-01 | 广西大学 | Method for cutting, breeding and seedling of Wild Vitis quinquangularis in Guangxi Province |
| CN101530041A (en) * | 2009-04-16 | 2009-09-16 | 国家林业局泡桐研究开发中心 | Drupaceous economic forest rootstock hardwood cutting propagation method |
| CN103141312A (en) * | 2013-04-03 | 2013-06-12 | 南京林业大学 | Grafting and seedling raising method for European hornbeam |
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