CN102106239B - Method for improving yield and quality of dendranthema morifolium cutting by utilizing grafting - Google Patents
Method for improving yield and quality of dendranthema morifolium cutting by utilizing grafting Download PDFInfo
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- CN102106239B CN102106239B CN2010105988391A CN201010598839A CN102106239B CN 102106239 B CN102106239 B CN 102106239B CN 2010105988391 A CN2010105988391 A CN 2010105988391A CN 201010598839 A CN201010598839 A CN 201010598839A CN 102106239 B CN102106239 B CN 102106239B
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for improving the yield and quality of a dendranthema morifolium cutting by utilizing grafting, belonging to the technical field of floriculture production. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a rootstock; preparing a scion; grafting and managing; and collecting the cutting. Compared with the currently adopted method in which a cutting seedling is utilized as a scion mother tree, the method provided by the invention has the advantages that the grafting seedling is utilized as the scion mother tree, the growth is vigorous, and the high-yield high-quality cutting can be obtained. In each scion batch, compared with cutting seedlings, cutting yield, average length, average node number, average thickness, average fresh weight and average dry weight of the artemisia scoparia grafting seedling are improved. Furthermore, the cut rooting capability of cutting is improved, the earliest rooting days, the number of adventitious roots, the root length, the root thickness, the root system dry weight and other indexes of cutting rooted seedling are higher than those of the cutting seedling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the flower seed plantlet production technical field, relate in particular to a kind of and utilize grafting to improve the method that the cut-flower chrysanthemum is adopted the slotting fringe yield and quality of fringe maternal plant, method is simple, with low cost, and the result is applicable to the large-scale production of cut-flower chrysanthemum seedling accurately and reliably.
Technical background
Chrysanthemum (Dendranthema * grandiflora Tzvel.) is the perennial perennial root draft of composite family Chrysanthemum, and the cut-flower chrysanthemum is one of the world's four big cut-flowers, and its cut-flower volume of production and marketing occupies the second in the world, in the industry of flowers and plants, occupies extremely important status.The cottage propagation coefficient is high and can keep the merit of kind, has become the main breeding approach of cut-flower chrysanthemum large-scale production.But chrysanthemum is adopted and is inserted the easy decline of fringe quality and yield after the fringe maternal plant is repeatedly adopted fringe, need cultivate maternal plant again, has consumed a large amount of manpower and materials.Therefore, it is very necessary prolonging the fringe time of adopting of maternal plant through the correlation technique measure and improve its yield and quality.
The cut-flower chrysanthemum inserts its cuttage radication capability of quality influence and the growth potential of seedling of fringe, and the growth potential of adopting the fringe maternal plant is conclusive to the influence of inserting the fringe quality, mainly concentrates on the field cultivation control measures of strengthening maternal plant such as rich water quality management in the production at present.Correlative study and production practices confirm; Utilize grafting can effectively improve growth potential and the resistance of horticultural crop; But utilize sagebruss for stock grafting cut-flower chrysanthemum as adopting the fringe maternal plant, with fringe time of adopting of prolonging maternal plant and improve its yield and quality and still do not have correlative study and practice.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem the objective of the invention is to improve the cut-flower chrysanthemum to present domestic shortage and adopts maternal this present situation of effective method of producing fringe amount and slotting fringe quality of fringe, provides a cover to utilize grafting to improve the method that the cut-flower chrysanthemum inserts the fringe yield and quality.This method is easy and simple to handle, and equipment needed thereby is simple, can improve output and cuttage radication capability that the cut-flower chrysanthemum inserts fringe.
Technical scheme the present invention is a kind of method of utilizing grafting to improve the slotting fringe yield and quality of cut-flower chrysanthemum, and its embodiment is following:
1. the preparation of stock: begin to gather yellow wormwood artemisia (Artemisia scoparia) seed 11-12 month the previous year of grafting, January in December to next year is dish or seedling-cultivating tray sowing cultivation stock in the cave; Be colonizated in nutritive cube next year during 2-3 month seedling 3-4 sheet leaf.
2. the preparation of scion: the 10-11 florescence in month the previous year of grafting is selected robust growth unanimity, no damage by disease and insect, cut-flower chrysanthemum plant that pattern is vivid, cuts off the branch of blooming, and concentrates and plants, and strengthens rich water quality management and also carries out the damage by disease and insect prevention, and spring, 2-3 month pinching was 1-2 time.
3. grafting and management: select that growth is sturdy, growing way is consistent next year 3 to April, the yellow wormwood artemisia stock about high about 20cm, the thick 3mm of basal part of stem; The top tip with about the long 6-8cm of cut-flower chrysanthemum kind, thick 2mm is scion; Carry out cleft grafting, both cambium are joined closely, seal interface with film; Grafting is placed in the booth of shading, unified being colonizated in the booth in back that become to live cultivated.A pinching of one week back unification carrying out, normal field cultivation management.Carry out light filling processing at night in by the end of August, prevent flower bud differentiation.
4. insert the collection of fringe: 20-25d after the grafting pinching, begin to gather slotting fringe when treating the long 10cm to 12cm of side shoot, get its top tip for inserting fringe, each branch unification stays base portion 2-3 to save, and keeps two or three intact leaf, and it is a collection of that general every 20-25d adopts fringe.
Beneficial effect is provided by the invention to utilize grafting to improve the method that the cut-flower chrysanthemum inserts the fringe yield and quality, and following advantage and good effect are compared with prior art arranged:
1. with the comparing for adopting the fringe maternal plant with cuttage seeding of present employing, the present invention utilizes grafting as adopting the fringe maternal plant, and growth potential is prosperous, can obtain high yield and high-quality slotting fringe.Adopt respectively that yellow wormwood artemisia grafting is improved on slotting fringe output, average length, average joint number, average boldness, average fresh weight and average dry weight index than cuttage seeding in the fringe batch.And the cuttage radication capability of slotting fringe increases, and indexs such as the indefinite radical of take root the earliest fate and cuttage rooting seedling, root is long, root is thick, weight of root system all are higher than cuttage seeding.Can predict that this invention will greatly promote the production of cut-flower chrysanthemum seedling.
2. the present invention is easy and simple to handle, and required technology and equipment requires relatively low, practices thrift capital, and the producer is acceptant, can directly apply to the seedling standardized production of cut-flower chrysanthemum.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The method of utilizing grafting to improve the slotting fringe yield and quality of cut-flower chrysanthemum provided by the present invention, its embodiment is following:
1. the preparation of stock: begin to gather yellow wormwood artemisia (Artemisia scoparia) seed 11-12 month the previous year of grafting, January in December to next year is dish or seedling-cultivating tray sowing cultivation stock in the cave; Be colonizated in nutritive cube next year during 2-3 month seedling 3-4 sheet leaf.
2. the preparation of scion: the 10-11 florescence in month the previous year of grafting is selected robust growth unanimity, no damage by disease and insect, cut-flower chrysanthemum plant that pattern is vivid, cuts off the branch of blooming, and concentrates and plants, and strengthens rich water quality management and also carries out the damage by disease and insect prevention, and spring, 2-3 month pinching was 1-2 time.
3. grafting and management: select that growth is sturdy, growing way is consistent next year 3 to April, the yellow wormwood artemisia stock about high about 20cm, the thick 3mm of basal part of stem; The top tip with about the long 6-8cm of cut-flower chrysanthemum kind, thick 2mm is scion; Carry out cleft grafting, both cambium are joined closely, seal interface with film; Grafting is placed in the booth of shading, unified being colonizated in the booth in back that become to live cultivated.A pinching of one week back unification carrying out, normal field cultivation management.Carry out light filling processing at night in by the end of August, prevent flower bud differentiation.
4. insert the collection of fringe: 20-25d after the grafting pinching, begin to gather slotting fringe when treating the long 10cm to 12cm of side shoot, get its top tip and be slotting fringe; Base portion 2-3 joint is stayed in each branch unification; Keep two or three intact leaf, look the influence of environment and growth potential, it is a collection of that general every 20-25d adopts fringe.
Using this method, is scion with cut-flower chrysanthemum kind ' refreshing horse ', and stock is yellow wormwood artemisia (Artemisia scoparia), is contrast with ' refreshing horse ' cuttage seeding.Cleft grafting on May 6 in 2010 is got ' refreshing horse ' on the same day and is inserted the fringe cuttage.Choose the consistent one-tenth of growth grafting alive and cuttage seeding on May 18 and be colonizated in open country, carry out normal cultivation management.Pinching is carried out in unification on May 25.Carry out the night light filling by the end of August and handle (23:00 is to 2:00 on next day), prevent that flower bud differentiation from making it to keep to nourish and grow.Began per 20 days to cuttage seeding, 7 batches of slotting fringes of yellow wormwood artemisia grafting collection from June 17, the statistical process morphological index comprises quantity (10 strain plant produce the fringe total amount), length, rugosity, joint number, fresh weight, dry weight respectively, and calculating mean value.Select 3 batches of slotting fringe cuttages, add up the fate of taking root the earliest, investigated various morphological indexs in 15 days, comprise the indefinite radical of individual plant, root length, thick, the weight of root system of root.Relatively grafting and cuttage seeding are adopted the slotting fringe yield and quality (result sees table 1, table 2) of fringe maternal plant, and the result shows:
1. the output and the exterior quality index of inserting fringe compare
Grafting has obviously improved the output of slotting fringe, and all apparently higher than cuttage seeding, the 3rd lot number figureofmerit of wherein yellow wormwood artemisia grafting is high by 53.1% than cuttage at different times for the quantitative index of grafting.
On the length index, yellow wormwood artemisia grafting all is higher than cuttage seeding in various degree in the whole growth phase, wherein occurs the peak of length index on the 5th batch the slotting fringe, has improved 24.85% than cuttage seeding.
On the joint number index, yellow generally wormwood artemisia grafting all is higher than cuttage seeding, on the 5th batch of slotting fringe, peak occurs, and contrast has improved 24.66%.
Then be significantly higher than cuttage seeding from the 3rd batch of slotting fringe on the fresh weight index, and reach peak 49.49% the 3rd batch of increment for yellow wormwood artemisia grafting.Show as yellow generally wormwood artemisia grafting on the dry weight index and be significantly higher than cuttage seeding, on the 5th batch of slotting fringe high growth 28.78%.
Output and exterior quality index that table 1 separate sources is inserted fringe compare
Annotate: it is remarkable that different letters are illustrated respectively in 0.05 level difference, down together.
2. insert the fringe cuttage radication capability relatively
Table 2 shows, the proterties significant difference of taking root of yellow wormwood artemisia grafting and cuttage seeding.Wherein the yellow wormwood artemisia grafting of the three batches of different times inserts the fate all than cuttage seeding Zao 1 day of taking root the earliest of fringes.Insert the longest root long pointer aspect of fringe, yellow wormwood artemisia grafting is higher than cuttage seeding all the time.And the average root length of grafting is a little more than cuttage seeding, but difference is not remarkable.The thick index grafting of average root in first and the 3rd batch of slotting fringe is significantly higher than cuttage seeding.Average weight of root system and radical aspect, yellow wormwood artemisia grafting is significantly higher than cuttage seeding.
The rootability that table 2 separate sources is inserted fringe compares
Claims (1)
1. one kind is utilized grafting to improve the method that the cut-flower chrysanthemum inserts the fringe yield and quality, it is characterized in that implementation step is following:
A. the preparation of stock: begin to gather yellow wormwood artemisia (Artemisia scoparia) seed 11-12 month the previous year of grafting, February in December to next year is dish or seedling-cultivating tray sowing cultivation stock in the cave; Be colonizated in nutritive cube next year during 2-4 month seedling 3-4 sheet leaf;
B. the preparation of scion: the 10-11 florescence in month the previous year of grafting is selected robust growth unanimity, no damage by disease and insect, cut-flower chrysanthemum plant that pattern is vivid; Cut off the branch of blooming; Concentrate and to plant, strengthen rich water quality management and also carry out the damage by disease and insect prevention, 2-4 in spring pinching 2-4 time between the month;
C. grafting and management: select the yellow wormwood artemisia stock that growth is sturdy, growing way is consistent next year 3 to May; With the cut-flower chrysanthemum kind top tip is scion; Select close stock and the scion of thickness to carry out cleft grafting, both cambium are joined closely, seal interface with film; Grafting is placed in the booth of shading, unified being colonizated in the booth in back that become to live cultivated; A pinching of one week back unification carrying out, normal field cultivation management; Carry out light filling processing at night in by the end of August, prevent flower bud differentiation;
D. insert the collection of fringe: 20-25d after the grafting pinching, begin to gather slotting fringe when treating the long 10cm to 12cm of side shoot, get its top tip for inserting fringe, each branch unification stays base portion 2-3 to save, and keeps two or three intact leaf, and it is a collection of that every 20-25d adopts fringe.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010105988391A CN102106239B (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | Method for improving yield and quality of dendranthema morifolium cutting by utilizing grafting |
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| CN2010105988391A CN102106239B (en) | 2010-12-22 | 2010-12-22 | Method for improving yield and quality of dendranthema morifolium cutting by utilizing grafting |
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| CN102106239A CN102106239A (en) | 2011-06-29 |
| CN102106239B true CN102106239B (en) | 2012-05-23 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102754592B (en) * | 2012-07-26 | 2013-11-06 | 南京农业大学 | Method for screening variety with relatively-high phosphor utilization efficiency from multiple cut-flower chrysanthemum varieties |
| CN103733894B (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-06-17 | 邓波 | Method of cultivating cut-flower chrysanthemum by secondary light supplement |
| CN104206189A (en) * | 2014-09-05 | 2014-12-17 | 郎溪县凌笪乡永辰茶叶种植家庭农场 | Method for raising liquidambar styraciflua seedlings by virtue of grafting |
| CN112273075A (en) * | 2019-07-13 | 2021-01-29 | 山东农业大学 | Simple and efficient chrysanthemum grafting method |
| CN110896744A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-03-24 | 中国科学院武汉植物园 | Method for grafting chrysanthemum on artemisia annua |
| CN114680011B (en) * | 2022-03-02 | 2023-03-31 | 浙江海丰生物科技股份有限公司 | Chrysanthemum variety rejuvenation method based on small-batch selection |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1826863A (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2006-09-06 | 吕友邦 | Grafting cultivation method for chrysanthemum morifolium |
| CN101366342A (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2009-02-18 | 张家港三利农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating cut chrysanthemum by using GA3 |
| CN101366343A (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2009-02-18 | 张家港三利农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating cut chrysanthemum by using B9 |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1219344A (en) * | 1997-12-09 | 1999-06-16 | 李海根 | Chrysanthemum tree and its culture method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1826863A (en) * | 2005-08-26 | 2006-09-06 | 吕友邦 | Grafting cultivation method for chrysanthemum morifolium |
| CN101366342A (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2009-02-18 | 张家港三利农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating cut chrysanthemum by using GA3 |
| CN101366343A (en) * | 2008-10-10 | 2009-02-18 | 张家港三利农业科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating cut chrysanthemum by using B9 |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 杜忠友等.贵阳地区出口切花菊栽培及管理技术.《贵州农业科学》.2008,第36卷(第3期),第129-130，132页. * |
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