CN102893811A - Walnut grafting method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a walnut grafting method. Culture of robust rootstock, scion cultivation, a grafting period, a grafting method and management after grafting and the like are included in the grafting process. When a walnut is grafted according to the walnut grafting method, labor is saved, the grafting survival rate is high, the grafted walnut grows vigorously, branches grow adequately, the cold-resistant stripping-resistant capability is strong, and the overwintering preserving rate is high.

Description

A kind of walnut grafting method

Technical field

The invention belongs to the fruit tree planting technique field, relate to the grafting method of walnut.Be specially adapted to that walnut is grown seedlings, the walnut grafting high and changing head.

Background technology

Walnut is classified as first of the world's four large dry fruits with its abundant nutrition and unique local flavor.Limited by traditional cultivation means and technical conditions, walnut is take the late real Walnut Cultivars cultivation of growing directly from seeds as main in history, and 95% in the mountain area plantation, is distributed in the Gou Po nonirrigated farmland more, these seedling trees, and wide in variety, random, colony mixes, and larger one-tenth tree is existing century-old.This late real walnut growth adaptability that grows directly from seeds is very strong.But the rear general needs of planting just can be yielded positive results about 15 years, and of poor benefits, it is late to take effect, and yields poorly, and were commonly called as " the walnut grandfather plants the tree grandson and eats ".

In recent years along with the understanding of people to walnut nutritious value, the walnut price is more and more higher, be badly in need of the Walnut Cultivars of a large amount of high quality and stable yields in the production, it is preferably the fastest approach that the seedling tree reconfiguration that has is now become improved seeds and the good improved seeds nursery stock of culturing and planting grafting.Yet walnut grafting is owing to be subjected to the impact of bleeding and tanning matter, and the grafting difficulty is large, and specification requirement is high.Therefore, walnut grafting is a most active field in the present domestic walnut scientific research, also is a main difficult technical in the walnut High-quality Cultivation.Adopt real Walnut Cultivars nursery stock morning of engrafting and cultivating, the walnut precocity fruiting of generally cultivating than growing directly from seeds 5～7 years, and also best in quality, output is high, and the good characteristic of walnut improved seeds can stable delivery.

Traditional walnut grafting method connects as main take hard lopwood.The two whip grafts of many employings, the time of the year when autumn changes into winter gathers scion, then preserves, and Second Year carries out grafting after the germination spring.Because be subjected to the impact of bleeding and tannin, graft survival rate is lower.

The present invention adopts " twig cleft grafting method " grafting Juglans wood technology, and graft survival rate has reached more than 90%.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of walnut grafting method.Be the walnut that grows directly from seeds be stock, take the high-quality Walnut Cultivars as scion, with the method for twig cleft grafting method grafting walnut improved seeds.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

(1) cultivates healthy and strong stock

Spring, rational pruning combined with rich water quality management, short living healthy and strong walnut stock.

Connect and change excellently if inferior kind walnut is carried out height, spring grafting tree is carried out bull and heavily cut typing and prune, stay the branch of preparing grafting part, unnecessary whole removing.Water in good time, apply fertilizer according to soil moisture content, fertility and shoot growth situation, cultivate the shoot of suitable stalwartness, select for grafting to ensure enough healthy and strong branches.

(2) cultivate scion

To taking the extending head heavy pruning before the high-quality Walnut Cultivars garden elite stand fall foliage of production scion or during the spring rudiment, enriching the method for liquid manure, a short early shoot, be beneficial to grow suitable, the eugonic scion branch of rugosity as much as possible, for the prerequisite grafting time, early to adopt scion ready.

(3) grafting period

Be advisable during with stock and the equal semi-lignified of scion branch, surpassing this time had better not carry out grafting, otherwise graft survival rate is low.For example the Best Times of Jixian Tianjin walnut twig cleft grafting be the first tenday period of a month in May to early June,

(4) grafting method

Giving birth to then the suitable position of healthy and strong branch at stock cuts off and cuts flat, with cutter the stock intermediate vertical split into, scion will be used the tip branch, the scion both sides are whittled into 2～3 centimetres symmetrical inclined-plane, cut rear scion and will keep 2 buds (is terminal bud), then rootstock opening-cleaving is strutted, the scion that to cut is rapidly inserted and is split in the mouth, insertion depth is advisable outside stock with the bevel that exposes 0.5 millimeter, both form a layer close combination must to make anvil, fringe, interface humidity and healing condition are guaranteed in the tight bondage of the plastic strip that the most handy pulling force is stronger.

(5) management after the grafting

Connect beginning in rear 7 days and checked once in per 2～3 days, the rudiment on the tree soma branch of in time erasing; When sprouting grows to 5～10 centimetres, cut plastic foil and clean out with sharp knife; After sprouting grows to 5～10 centimetres, sprayed clear 800 times of liquid of 1000 times of liquid+methyl sulfur bacteriums of 2000 times of liquid+Imidacloprids of beta-cypermethrin+0.3% urea every 15 days 2～3 times, defoliator and the leaf spots such as the white aphid of control walnut protect blade; Pinching when shoot grows to 40～50 centimetres; Conscientiously check rot, in time control; Ditch spread well-rotted farmyard manure before the fallen leaves+prescription fertilizer solution once waters simultaneously.The band leaf is partly pruned more than 50 centimetres the grafting survival shoot is enough about October 20; Early November is wrapped up in the paper winter protection to innovation, simultaneously trunk is sprayed Baume 5 degree lime sulfur or trunk whitewashings.

Instantiation

The above is an exemplary embodiments.

Take above method grafting walnut, graft survival rate is higher than other stem grafting method graft survival rate, and the interface healing is fast, and the tree bulk-growth is vigorous, and shoot growth enriches, and cold-resistant anti-stripping ability is strong, the storage rate height of surviving the winter.

Advantage of the present invention is:

1, scion of the present invention has been saved the process that traditional walnut scion grafting scion need to be stored with adopting with connecing, and saves labor.

2, the present invention is in walnut growth season grafting, and the walnut bleeding is few or do not have bleeding, and graft survival rate is high.

3, walnut grafting tree interface of the present invention healing is fast, and the tree bulk-growth is vigorous, and shoot growth enriches, and cold-resistant anti-stripping ability is strong, the storage rate height of surviving the winter.

4. walnut grafting branch of the present invention is difficult for windbreak.

Claims (3)

1. a walnut grafting method is characterized in that: take the walnut that grows directly from seeds as stock, take the high-quality Walnut Cultivars as scion, with the method for twig cleft grafting method grafting walnut improved seeds.

2. described walnut grafting method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: grafting period, be advisable during with stock and the equal semi-lignified of scion branch, and surpassing this time had better not carry out grafting, otherwise graft survival rate is low.

3. described walnut grafting method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: grafting method, giving birth to then the suitable position of healthy and strong branch at stock cuts off and cuts flat, with cutter the stock intermediate vertical split into, scion will be used the tip branch, the scion both sides are whittled into 2～3 centimetres symmetrical inclined-plane, cut rear scion and will keep 2 buds (is terminal bud), then rootstock opening-cleaving is strutted, the scion that to cut is rapidly inserted and is split in the mouth, and insertion depth is advisable outside stock with the bevel that exposes 0.5 millimeter, must make anvil, both form a layer close combination fringe, with the tight bondage of the stronger plastic strip of pulling force, guarantee interface humidity and healing condition.