CN114938754A - Late-fruiting walnut juvenile vigorous-control updating and fruiting-promoting method - Google Patents
Late-fruiting walnut juvenile vigorous-control updating and fruiting-promoting method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114938754A CN114938754A CN202210799464.8A CN202210799464A CN114938754A CN 114938754 A CN114938754 A CN 114938754A CN 202210799464 A CN202210799464 A CN 202210799464A CN 114938754 A CN114938754 A CN 114938754A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- main branch
- branches
- buds
- branch
- main
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, and provides a method for controlling excessive growth, updating and promoting fruit setting of late-fruiting walnuts in childhood, which comprises the steps of S1, topping and controlling tree vigor before excessive growth; s2, main branch upright top end advantage control: the base angle of the main branch is opened to 70-80 degrees; s3, cutting the main branches in a grading and repeated manner, erasing ineffective buds and carved buds, retracting long main branches to control the vigorous growth and the excessive growth of the main branches at all levels of the tree body; and S4, controlling the growth of each level of the current-year boughs through pinching and current-year boughs angle control. By the technical scheme, the problems that the germination and the sprouting of lower branches are weak, the proportion of medium and short branches is small, bearing parts move outwards and the fruit setting number is small due to over-vigorous vegetative growth of walnuts in the childhood in the prior art are solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fruit tree cultivation, in particular to a method for controlling vigorous growth, updating and promoting fruit setting of late-bearing walnuts in childhood.
Background
Walnut (Juglans regia L.) is also called walnut and walnut, is an important woody oil tree species, is rich in nutrition and has precious medicinal value. The early bearing and late bearing walnuts can be divided into 2 types according to the initial bearing age, and compared with the early bearing walnuts, the late bearing walnuts have the advantages of high tree body, strong resistance, drought resistance, frost resistance, soil barren resistance, long service life and the like. The characteristics of the walnut young trees in the juvenile period are strong in growth vigor, over-vigorous vegetative growth, large in growth amount, strong in dryness and extremely obvious in top end advantages, the current vertical branches can reach 3-4 meters, but the excellent characteristics can be harmful if the excellent characteristics cannot be well utilized, the young walnut trees can grow more excessively, the young walnut trees are prone to being subjected to freezing damage and stripping, buds of the lower branches can germinate and branch weakly, vigorous long branches and 'bare leg branches' can be formed easily, the crowns can easily form strong heads and large heads, the lower parts are shielded and are closed, the inner chambers are empty, bearing parts move outwards, the top ends and the periphery of the crowns can be formed easily, ninety percent of space is not utilized, and the fruit setting number is small. Therefore, the key to solve the problems of high yield, high yield and high quality of the walnut is that the walnut is controlled vigorously in childhood.
Patent application No. CN201410087131.8 provides a walnut cultivation method, which mainly comprises technical measures of walnut tree transplanting, grafting, fertilizing, vegetable and fruit planting, etc.; patent application No. CN202010793785.8 provides a walnut high-yield cultivation method, which mainly comprises seed selection, breeding, soil cultivation and planting, and has no influence on the growth control of walnut at the juvenile stage, so that the walnut saplings are easily subjected to freezing damage and stripping, the lower branch buds germinate and branch weakly, the inner chamber is empty and deficient, the fruiting part moves outwards, the fruit setting number is small, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for controlling excessive growth, updating and promoting fructification of late-bearing walnuts in childhood, which solves the problems of germination and branch initiation of lower branches, low medium-short branch ratio, outward shift of fruiting parts and low fruit setting number caused by excessive vegetative growth of the late-bearing walnuts in childhood.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for controlling vigorous growth, updating and promoting fruit setting of late-fruit walnuts in childhood comprises the following steps:
s1, performing topping to control tree vigor before vigorous growth;
s2, main branch upright top end advantage control: the base angle of the main branch is opened to 70-80 degrees;
s3, cutting the main branches in a grading and repeated manner, erasing ineffective buds and carved buds, retracting long main branches to control the vigorous growth and the excessive growth of the main branches at all levels of the tree body;
and S4, controlling flourishing of the current-year boughs at all levels through pinching and current-year boughs angle control.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S1, when the central trunk is elongated to a reserved height, the central trunk is re-cut and topped, the reserved height is 3m, weak buds are selected and reserved as the first elongated branches for cultivation, and full buds and strong branches within 30cm below the selected and reserved buds are erased.
As a further technical solution, the topping further includes: and when the annual new shoots of the central trunk extension branches grow to 80cm, spraying the plant growth regulator.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S2, a strut-strut method is adopted when the annual branches are semi-lignified to be less than 3 cm; and (3) opening the base angle of the main branch by a hemp rope nail-stick-pull method when the distance is larger than 3 cm.
As a further technical solution, in the step S3, the main branches are graded and truncated as follows:
re-shearing and updating primary main branches: the thickness of the central trunk is 1/2 < the thickness of the first-level main branch, and two lateral bud points are reserved by performing heavy shearing; the thickness of the central trunk is 1/3 and is less than or equal to 1/2 of the thickness of the first-level main branch, the first-level main branch is 1/2 and is cut again, and external female flower buds are selected and reserved; the thickness of the first-level main branches is less than or equal to that of the central trunk, 1/3, and external female flower buds are left after the first-level main branches are processed by cold selection;
and (3) re-shearing and updating secondary main branches: the thickness of the primary branch is 1/2 < the thickness of the secondary main branch, and two lateral bud points are left by performing heavy shearing; the thickness of the primary main branch is 1/3 and is less than or equal to that of the secondary main branch, the thickness of the primary main branch is 1/2, the secondary main branch is recutted at 1/2, and the external female flower buds are selected and reserved; the thickness of the second-level main branch is not more than that of the first-level main branch 1/3, and external female flower buds are remained after the selection of the second-level main branch;
and (3) recutting and updating the third-stage main branches: the thickness of the secondary branch is 1/2 < the thickness of the tertiary main branch, and two lateral bud points are left by performing heavy shearing; the thickness of the second-level main branch is 1/3 and is less than or equal to that of the third-level main branch and is 1/2, the third-level main branch is recutted at 1/2, and the external female flower buds are selected and reserved; the thickness of the third-level main branch is less than or equal to that of the second-level main branch 1/3, and external female flower buds are left after the selection; and (4) continuously bearing fruits for 3-4 years, and thinning out the bases of the bearing branch groups.
As a further technical scheme, the retracting long main branches in the step S3 are: retracting timely when the primary main branch is more than or equal to 1.5m, and selecting a weak bud with a head; retracting timely when the secondary main branches are larger than or equal to 80cm, and selecting weak bud belt heads; retracting timely when the third-level main branches are larger than or equal to 40cm, and selecting weak bud with heads.
As a further technical solution, the step S3 of erasing the ineffective buds is erasing buds, and the erasing buds are performed in the next early spring, which includes the following steps:
SS1, erasing all competitive buds within 20cm from the top end, and reserving the top buds;
SS2, erasing all competitive buds of the main branches within 30cm from the base;
SS3, erasing the high-level buds, and selecting and reserving lateral female flower buds.
As a further technical scheme, the step S3 is carried out 7-10 days before germination, and comprises the following steps:
perennial branches with the thickness of the base of the main branch being less than 5 cm: 1/4 distance from the top end of the main branch, and the base of the main branch is less than 30 cm; transversely marking one scar at the position 1/4-1/2 from the top end of the main branch, wherein the scar is arranged above and below the female flower bud body by 0.3cm, cutting off the phloem and reaching the xylem, namely, double-carving; carrying out double-path carving on the upper part and the lower part of the full female flower bud of the branch from the base part of the main branch to the position of 1/2 parts of the branch; carrying out 0.5cm position above the bud body on the hidden bud, transversely marking a flaw, namely carrying out single-pass resculpting;
perennial branches with the thickness of the base part of the main branch being more than 3cm and less than or equal to 5 cm: the distance from the top end 1/4 of the main branch is not carved, and the distance from the base part to the bottom part is not carved within 30 cm; carrying out double-channel re-engraving on the rest bud body parts;
perennial branches with the thickness of the base of the main branch less than or equal to 3 cm: the distance from the top end 1/4 of the main branch is not carved, and the distance from the base part to the bottom part is not carved within 30 cm; the other bud parts are re-carved in a single way.
The late bearing walnut young tree has weak sprouting force in the childhood, and the bud vegetative growth is controlled by bud picking and single (double) path bud carving, so that the sprouting rate of the walnut is obviously improved, the proportion of strong branches is reduced, the tree vigor is mild, the effect of increasing the branch quantity is obvious, the bearing part is more reasonable, and the yield is increased.
As a further technical scheme, in the step S4, the pinching is implemented by re-pinching when young shoots grow to 60-70cm, 8-10 leaves are left in the first-level main branch pinching, 6-7 leaves are left in the second-level main branch pinching, 4-5 leaves are left in the third-level main branch pinching, young growth points are cut off by secondary pinching in the last ten days of june until the end of june, the secondary tips of the fruit moss are not pinched, one secondary tip of the fruit moss is reserved, the rest of the bases are thinned, and fertilizers containing nitrogen and potassium are applied after each pinching.
The walnut tree core picking can rapidly increase the total branch quantity, inhibit the growth of new shoots, promote the branch germination, facilitate the formation of flower buds, obviously improve the fruit setting rate, facilitate winter proofing and cold proofing in northern areas, reduce air drying and strip drawing and ensure that the walnut tree can safely overwinter. After pinching, scientific fertilizer and water management is assisted, thereby effectively overcoming the phenomenon of malformed fruits and improving the quality.
As a further technical solution, in the step S4, the current-year boughs angle management and control includes the following steps:
the main branch with the base angle of the main branch less than or equal to 30 degrees is cut again, and 1-2 latent buds are reserved;
30 degrees is larger than the base angle of the main branch and is less than or equal to 50 degrees, and the full buds of the external female flowers are remained and updated after the main branch is cut to 1/2 positions;
50 degrees < base angle of main branch is less than or equal to 80 degrees, and full buds of external female flowers are left after emergence;
the angle of the main branch base is more than 80 degrees, and the full bud of the external female flower is left for renewal when the main branch is cut to 2/3.
The angles of the current-year boughs are controlled, different control measures are taken according to different boughs base angles, the top advantages are weakened, the strong and strong boughs proportion is reduced, and the tree vigor is mild.
The working principle and the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1. the invention provides a method for controlling excessive growth, updating and promoting fructification of late-bearing walnuts in childhood, which effectively solves the problems of poor sprouting and branching capability of walnut young trees and less bearing branches in medium-short period caused by excessive vegetative growth of late-bearing walnuts in childhood. The strong tree vigor is controlled by topping, the lower sprouting force is promoted to be strengthened by grading, heavy shearing, cutting, drawing and the like, the tree vigor becomes mediocre, the nutrient accumulation is increased, and a large amount of fruits can be borne, so that the aims of strengthening the tree, high yield and high quality are fulfilled to the maximum extent.
2. The invention leads the walnut skeleton to be quickly formed, the nutrition of the tree body to be more balanced, the structure of the bearing branch to be more reasonable, the vegetative growth to be scientifically converted into reproductive growth, the fructification is promoted, and the yield is improved. Can prevent the bearing part of the walnut sapling from moving outwards and the inner chamber from being empty.
3. According to the invention, the young tree vigor is controlled, the 'bare leg branches' are reduced, the dryness is weakened, the big branches can be promoted to sprout and sprout, the angle of the big main branches is opened, the 'upper strong and lower weak, outer strong and hollow' is improved, the fruiting part is increased, and the method is a labor-saving pruning method. And the inventor unexpectedly finds that when the spreading angle of the main branch base is 70-80 degrees, the spacing of the tree crown layers is proper, ventilation and light transmission are improved, the inner cavity is full, the management is convenient, fruit sunscald can be effectively prevented, the fruiting part of walnuts moves outwards, and the yield per mu is doubled.
4. The invention provides a method for controlling flourishing, updating and promoting fructification of late-fruiting walnuts in childhood, which enables the walnuts to be compact in tree shape, full in inner cavities, more in branches, large in proportion of medium and short branches, free from flourishing growth, convenient to manage and capable of increasing the walnut yield.
Drawings
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
FIG. 1 is a walnut tree before exuberant containment;
FIG. 2 is a walnut tree before exuberant containment;
FIG. 3 is a walnut tree after vigorous growth control;
fig. 4 is a walnut tree after vigorous growth control.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any inventive step, are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The method for controlling vigorous growth, updating and promoting fruit setting of late-fruit walnuts in childhood comprises the following specific steps:
(1) the tree vigor is controlled by topping before the growth is strong
And (3) re-shearing and topping the extended branches of the central trunk of the walnut sapling until the reserved height is 3m, selecting and reserving weak buds as first extended branches for cultivation, and erasing full buds and strong branches within 30cm below the selected and reserved buds. When the annual new shoots of the central trunk extension branches grow to 80cm, 200 times of chlormequat chloride 15% paclobutrazol is sprayed, and the spraying is carried out once every 12 days and three times continuously.
(2) Main branch upright apical dominance control
The semi-lignification of the current-year branches is below 3cm by adopting a supporting rod branch supporting method, and the angle of the base of the main branch is opened by adopting a hemp rope nail stick-pull method when the semi-lignification is more than 3cm, wherein the angle is 70-80 degrees. The support rod method adopts a horseshoe-shaped inclined plane with the length of 70-100mm and the thickness of 2-3cm, the two ends of the horseshoe-shaped inclined plane are cut into 2-3cm, one end of the horseshoe-shaped inclined plane is propped against the central trunk, and the other end of the horseshoe-shaped inclined plane is propped against the main branch to open the base angle. Before the base angle is opened, the branches are pressed and softened, and the branches are rotated left and right respectively to prevent the base parts of the branches from cracking.
(3) Control the vigorous growth and vain growth of all levels of main branches of the tree body
The main branches are cut again in a grading way according to a culture target, namely, the first-level main branch, the second-level main branch and the third-level main branch are cut again and updated.
First-level main branch re-shearing update
Re-shearing and updating primary main branches: the thickness of the central trunk is 1/2 < the thickness of the first-level main branch, and two lateral bud points are reserved by performing heavy shearing; the thickness of the central trunk is 1/3 and is less than or equal to 1/2 of the thickness of the first-level main branch, the first-level main branch is 1/2 and is cut again, and external female flower buds are selected and reserved; the thickness of the first-level main branches is less than or equal to that of the central trunk, 1/3, and the outer female flower buds (3-5cm) are left after the buds are selected.
Second-level main branch re-shearing updating
And (3) recutting and updating secondary main branches: the thickness of the primary branch is 1/2 less than that of the secondary main branch, and double shearing is carried out to leave two lateral bud points; the thickness of the first-level main branch is 1/3 and less than or equal to that of the second-level main branch, namely 1/2, the second-level main branch is recutted at 1/2, and external female flower buds are selected and reserved; the thickness of the second-level main branch is less than or equal to that of the first-level main branch 1/3, and external female flower buds (3-5cm) are left after the common cold.
Three-stage main branch re-shearing updating
And (3) re-shearing and updating the third-stage main branches: the thickness of the secondary branch is 1/2 < the thickness of the tertiary main branch, and two lateral bud points are left by performing heavy shearing; the thickness of the second-level main branch is 1/3-degree and the thickness of the third-level main branch is 1/2-degree, the third-level main branch is pruned at 1/2-degree, and external female flower buds are selected and reserved; the thickness of the third-level main branch is less than or equal to that of the second-level main branch 1/3, and external female flower buds (1-2cm) are left after the cap is removed; and (4) continuously bearing fruits for 3-4 years, and thinning out the bases of the bearing branch groups.
Erasing ineffective buds
The bud picking is carried out in the next early spring, and comprises the following steps:
A. erasing all competitive buds within 20cm from the top end, and reserving the top buds;
B. all competitive buds of the main branches within 30cm from the base part are erased;
C. and (4) erasing high-position buds, selecting and reserving lateral female flower buds, and erasing the flower buds which are closer to the top buds when a plurality of new tips germinate on the fruiting mother branches.
Bud carving is carried out 7-10 days before germination;
perennial branches with the thickness of the base of the main branch being less than 5 cm: 1/4 distance from the top end of the main branch, and the base of the main branch is less than 30 cm; transversely marking a scar on the upper and lower parts of the female flower bud by 0.3cm from 1/4-1/2 of the top end of the main branch, cutting off the phloem to reach the xylem, namely, carrying out double-line carving; carrying out double-path carving on the upper part and the lower part of the full female flower bud of the branch from the base part of the main branch to the position of 1/2 parts of the branch; carrying out 0.5cm above the bud body of the hidden bud, transversely marking a scar, namely carrying out single-pass resculpting;
the perennial branches with the thickness of the base part of the main branch more than 3cm and less than or equal to 5 cm: the distance from the top end 1/4 of the main branch is not carved, and the distance from the base part to the bottom part is not carved within 30 cm; carrying out double-channel re-engraving on the rest bud body parts;
perennial branches with the thickness of the base of the main branch less than or equal to 3 cm: the distance from the top end 1/4 of the main branch is not carved, and the distance from the base part to the bottom part is not carved within 30 cm; and performing single-pass resculpting on the rest bud body parts.
③ the long main branch is retracted
Retracting in time when the primary main branch is larger than or equal to 1.5m, selecting the weak bud with head, retracting in time when the secondary main branch is larger than or equal to 80cm, selecting the weak bud with head, retracting in time when the tertiary main branch is larger than or equal to 40cm, and selecting the weak bud with head. Fruiting mother branches are continuously fruiting for 3-4 years and are updated in time.
(4) Vigorous control of each grade of main branch of current year
Firstly, when the young shoots grow to 60-70cm, re-pinching the young shoots, pinching the first-level main branches to leave 8-10 leaves, pinching the second-level main branches to leave 6-7 leaves, pinching the third-level main branches to leave 4-5 leaves, secondary pinching in the last ten days of June and cutting off tender growing points until the end of June, non-pinching the minor tips of the fruit mosses, keeping the minor tips of one fruit mosses, thinning the rest of the base parts, and dressing fertilizers containing nitrogen and potassium after pinching each time. The processing time of the fruiting body side shoots is in the middle and last ten days of June. Keeping the length of the main branches at 2.0-2.5 m.
② angle control of current-year principal branch
And (3) carrying out truncation on the main branch with the base angle of the main branch being less than or equal to 30 degrees, reserving 1-2 latent buds, keeping the base angle of the main branch being less than 30 degrees and less than 50 degrees, and reserving full buds of external female flowers for renewal when the main branch is truncated to 1/2 positions of the main branch. And (3) if the base angle of the main branch is less than 50 degrees and less than 80 degrees, reserving the full buds (3-5cm) of the external female flowers, if the base angle of the main branch is less than or equal to 80 degrees, and then, reserving the full buds of the external female flowers for renewal at 2/3 positions of the main branch.
Experimental example 1
The test area is located in a walnut garden of each banky base applied by Changli fruit tree research institute of agriculture and forestry academy of sciences in Hebei province, the natural conditions of topography, landform, soil texture and the like of the test area are basically consistent, the test variety is late walnut 'faint scent', and the plant-row spacing is 4m multiplied by 6 m.
Dividing the test area into two parts, and respectively marking as an experimental group and a control group;
the experimental group performs vigorous-control treatment on the late-fruiting walnuts according to the method in the embodiment 1;
the control group was not treated for vigorous growth control.
And counting the branch quantity and fruiting condition of different parts of the crown of the experimental group and the control group, and the growth conditions of the vigorous growth-controlling trees and the vigorous growth-not-controlling trees.
Fruit set is the number of fruits hanging on the tree plus the number of fruits falling
TABLE 1 Branch amount and fruiting status of different parts of crown
TABLE 2 questionnaire of vigorous growth control and vigorous non-vigorous growth control
Test results show that the branch quantity of different parts of the vigorous control tree and the uncontrolled vigorous control tree is obviously increased, the short branches in the vigorous control tree account for 92.2 percent at most, and the average short branches account for 81.5 percent of the total branches; the short branches in the uncontrolled vigorous trees account for 39.5 percent at most, and the medium short branches account for 31.2 percent of the total branches on average; fruit setting numerical control flourishing trees are statistically more than uncontrolled flourishing trees; the growth condition of the tree body is obviously stronger than that of the tree body without the controlled vigorous growth, and the vigor of the over-grown tree is obviously improved. Before the vigorous growth is controlled, in the figures 1 and 2, and after the vigorous growth is controlled, in the figures 3 and 4, it can be seen from figures 1 to 4 that before the vigorous growth is controlled, the sexual potency is strong, the top end advantage is obvious, and the medium and short fruit branches are few; after the vigorous growth is controlled, the base angle of the main branches is opened, the vigor of the walnut tree becomes mediocre, and the medium and short branches are increased.
The present invention is not limited to the above preferred embodiments, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for controlling vigorous growth, updating and promoting fruit setting of late-fruit walnuts in childhood is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, performing topping to control tree vigor before vigorous growth;
s2, main branch upright top end advantage control: opening the base angle of the main branch to 70-80 degrees;
s3, cutting the main branches in a grading and repeated manner, erasing ineffective buds and carved buds, retracting long main branches to control the vigorous growth and the excessive growth of the main branches at all levels of the tree body;
and S4, controlling the growth of each level of the current-year boughs through pinching and current-year boughs angle control.
2. The method for late-fruiting walnut with vigorous growth control, renewal and fruit promotion in childhood as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, when the central trunk is elongated to a predetermined height, the central trunk is cut again and topped, the predetermined height is 3m, weak buds are selected and retained as the first elongated buds for cultivation, and the full buds and strong vigorous shoots within 30cm below the selected and retained buds are removed.
3. The method for childhood vigorous-growth-control, renewal and fruit-bearing late-bearing walnuts as claimed in claim 2, wherein said topping further comprises: and when the annual new shoots of the central trunk extension branches grow to 80cm, spraying the plant growth regulator.
4. The method for late-maturing walnuts with vigorous growth control, renewal and fruit set promotion as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, a branch supporting method is adopted when the annual branches are semi-lignified, wherein the branch supporting method is used for supporting the branches below 3 cm; and (3) opening the base angle of the main branch by a hemp rope nail-stick-pull method when the distance is larger than 3 cm.
5. The method for late-maturing walnuts with vigorous growth control, renewal and fruit promotion as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S3, the main branches are graded and truncated as:
re-shearing and updating primary main branches: the thickness of the central trunk is 1/2 < the thickness of the first-level main branch, and two lateral bud points are reserved by performing heavy shearing; the thickness of the central trunk is 1/3 and is less than or equal to 1/2 of the thickness of the first-level main branch, the first-level main branch is 1/2 and is cut again, and external female flower buds are selected and reserved; the thickness of the first-level main branches is less than or equal to that of the central trunk, 1/3, and external female flower buds are left after the first-level main branches are processed by cold selection;
and (3) re-shearing and updating secondary main branches: the thickness of the primary branch is 1/2 less than that of the secondary main branch, and double shearing is carried out to leave two lateral bud points; the thickness of the first-level main branch is 1/3 and less than or equal to that of the second-level main branch, namely 1/2, the second-level main branch is recutted at 1/2, and external female flower buds are selected and reserved; the thickness of the second-level main branch is not more than 1/3 that of the first-level main branch, and the external female flower bud is left after the selection;
and (3) re-shearing and updating the third-stage main branches: the thickness of the secondary branch is 1/2 < the thickness of the tertiary main branch, and two lateral bud points are left by performing heavy shearing; the thickness of the second-level main branch is 1/3-degree and the thickness of the third-level main branch is 1/2-degree, the third-level main branch is pruned at 1/2-degree, and external female flower buds are selected and reserved; the thickness of the third main branch is less than or equal to that of the second main branch 1/3, and external female flower buds are remained after the selection; and (4) continuously bearing fruits for 3-4 years, and thinning out the bases of the bearing branch groups.
6. The method for late-maturing walnuts with vigorous growth control, renewal and fruit set promotion as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S3 of retracting long main branches is: retracting timely when the primary main branch is more than or equal to 1.5m, and selecting a weak bud with a head; retracting timely when the secondary main branches are larger than or equal to 80cm, and selecting weak bud belt heads; retracting timely when the third-level main branches are larger than or equal to 40cm, and selecting weak bud belt heads.
7. The method for promoting vigorous growth, renewal and fruit set in childhood of late-bearing walnuts as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step S3 erasing ineffective buds is picking buds, and picking buds are performed in the next early spring, comprising the steps of:
SS1, erasing all competitive buds within 20cm from the top end, and reserving the top buds;
SS2, erasing all competitive buds of the main branches within 30cm from the base;
SS3, erasing the high-level buds, and selecting and reserving lateral female flower buds.
8. The method for controlling vigorous growth, updating and promoting fruit set of late-fruiting walnut in childhood as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S3 is carried out 7-10 days before germination, comprising the following steps:
perennial branches with the thickness of the base of the main branch being less than 5 cm: 1/4 distance from the top end of the main branch, and the base of the main branch is less than 30 cm; transversely marking a scar on the upper and lower parts of the female flower bud by 0.3cm from 1/4-1/2 of the top end of the main branch, cutting off the phloem to reach the xylem, namely, carrying out double-line carving; carrying out double-path carving on the upper part and the lower part of a full female flower bud of the branch from the base part of the main branch to the position 1/2 of the branch; carrying out 0.5cm above the bud body of the hidden bud, transversely marking a scar, namely carrying out single-pass resculpting;
perennial branches with the thickness of the base part of the main branch being more than 3cm and less than or equal to 5 cm: the distance from the top end 1/4 of the main branch is not carved, and the distance from the base part to the bottom part is not carved within 30 cm; carrying out double-channel re-engraving on the rest bud body parts;
perennial branches with the thickness of the base of the main branch less than or equal to 3 cm: the distance from the top end 1/4 of the main branch is not carved, and the distance from the base part to the bottom part is not carved within 30 cm; and performing single-pass resculpting on the rest bud body parts.
9. The method for late-fruiting walnut with vigorous growth control, renewal and fruit promotion in childhood as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S4, pinching is carried out by re-pinching young shoots when young shoots grow to 60-70cm, leaving 8-10 leaves in first-level main branch pinching, 6-7 leaves in second-level main branch pinching, 4-5 leaves in third-level main branch pinching, cutting off young and tender growing points in the second pinching in the last ten days of june until the end of the sixth month, leaving one secondary shoot of the moss, thinning the rest of the base, and dressing with fertilizer containing nitrogen and potassium after each pinching.
10. The method for late-maturing walnuts with vigorous growth control, updated and fruit-maturing functions in childhood, as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the current-year boughs angle management and control includes the following steps:
the main branch with the base angle of the main branch less than or equal to 30 degrees is cut again, and 1-2 latent buds are reserved;
30 degrees < base angle of main branch is less than or equal to 50 degrees, and the full bud of the external female flower is left for renewal when the main branch is cut to 1/2 parts;
50 degrees < base angle of main branch is less than or equal to 80 degrees, and full buds of external female flowers are left after emergence;
the angle of the main branch base is more than 80 degrees, and the full bud of the external female flower is left for renewal when the main branch is cut to 2/3.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210799464.8A CN114938754B (en) | 2022-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | Method for controlling vigorous growth, updating and promoting setting of late-maturing walnut in childhood |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210799464.8A CN114938754B (en) | 2022-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | Method for controlling vigorous growth, updating and promoting setting of late-maturing walnut in childhood |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114938754A true CN114938754A (en) | 2022-08-26 |
| CN114938754B CN114938754B (en) | 2023-08-18 |
Family
ID=82910101
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210799464.8A Active CN114938754B (en) | 2022-07-08 | 2022-07-08 | Method for controlling vigorous growth, updating and promoting setting of late-maturing walnut in childhood |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN114938754B (en) |
Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02245120A (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1990-09-28 | Takashi Matsuzawa | Method for water cut-off grafting of walnut |
| CN101595819A (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2009-12-09 | 保山市林业技术推广总站 | Improved variety of walnut seed selection and high-yield cultivating method |
| CN105230353A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-01-13 | 山东省果树研究所 | Method for grafting and shaping tree bodies of perennial seedling walnut trees |
| US9468152B1 (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2016-10-18 | Harvest Moon Automation Inc. | Plant pruning and husbandry |
| CN106954507A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-18 | 贵州省园艺研究所 | A kind of evening real walnut Early Paleozoic strata carves bud trimming new method |
| CN109348961A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-02-19 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A set of management method for improving arid hillside field evening real walnut yield |
| CN109699371A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of segmented walnut branch cultural method of suitable southern area |
| CN110012768A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-16 | 宜昌市林木种苗推广中心 | A kind of pruning method promoting thorax branch in walnut |
| CN111108949A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-05-08 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Pruning method for plum trees and apricot trees |
| CN114051881A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-02-18 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Method for shaping narrow-crown low-stem walnut saplings |
-
2022
- 2022-07-08 CN CN202210799464.8A patent/CN114938754B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02245120A (en) * | 1989-03-17 | 1990-09-28 | Takashi Matsuzawa | Method for water cut-off grafting of walnut |
| CN101595819A (en) * | 2009-07-09 | 2009-12-09 | 保山市林业技术推广总站 | Improved variety of walnut seed selection and high-yield cultivating method |
| US9468152B1 (en) * | 2015-06-09 | 2016-10-18 | Harvest Moon Automation Inc. | Plant pruning and husbandry |
| CN105230353A (en) * | 2015-10-23 | 2016-01-13 | 山东省果树研究所 | Method for grafting and shaping tree bodies of perennial seedling walnut trees |
| CN106954507A (en) * | 2017-03-16 | 2017-07-18 | 贵州省园艺研究所 | A kind of evening real walnut Early Paleozoic strata carves bud trimming new method |
| CN109348961A (en) * | 2018-11-26 | 2019-02-19 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | A set of management method for improving arid hillside field evening real walnut yield |
| CN109699371A (en) * | 2019-01-25 | 2019-05-03 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of segmented walnut branch cultural method of suitable southern area |
| CN110012768A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-16 | 宜昌市林木种苗推广中心 | A kind of pruning method promoting thorax branch in walnut |
| CN111108949A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-05-08 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | Pruning method for plum trees and apricot trees |
| CN114051881A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-02-18 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Method for shaping narrow-crown low-stem walnut saplings |
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| 周鸿彬等: "一种核桃整形修剪方法", 湖北林业科技, no. 02, pages 80 - 81 * |
| 王米云;: "核桃树的修剪整形技术", 河北果树, no. 01, pages 37 * |
| 胡平均;: "秦岭北麓核桃树形调整与控冠修剪技术", 现代农业科技, no. 01, pages 146 - 148 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114938754B (en) | 2023-08-18 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN107278786B (en) | Comb-shaped hedge wall-shaped tree form of pear tree and shaping method thereof | |
| CN103190283B (en) | Dwarfing and yielding method of Chinese pricklyash tree | |
| CN107691074B (en) | Method for promoting differentiation and development of large cherry flower buds | |
| CN110476691B (en) | Carya illinoensis spindle-shaped tree form and shaping method thereof | |
| CN103891572A (en) | Method for breeding dwarfed interstock cherry seedlings | |
| CN103477932B (en) | Reshaping trimming method for inverted umbrella shape of persimmon tree | |
| CN110731221B (en) | Method for branching oranges in Wo mode | |
| Bogar et al. | Anatomy of seedling roots of Pseudotsuga menziesii | |
| CN106342641B (en) | High spindle-shaped cultivation method for Chinese apples | |
| CN104663348A (en) | Cultivation method for increasing resistance of fruit tree | |
| CN106954507A (en) | A kind of evening real walnut Early Paleozoic strata carves bud trimming new method | |
| CN103477890B (en) | Reshaping trimming method for high-illumination-efficiency shape of close-planting persimmon tree | |
| CN106212190A (en) | The tree-like shaping and trimming method in tea oil tree specular removal time and labour saving and application | |
| CN110754242A (en) | Sweet cherry cylindrical shaping and trimming method suitable for labor-saving operation | |
| CN107155656B (en) | High-pile grafting method for Kangding magnolia | |
| CN110235683A (en) | A kind of method that Eucalyptus cloeziana select tree girdling rush is sprouted | |
| CN114938754B (en) | Method for controlling vigorous growth, updating and promoting setting of late-maturing walnut in childhood | |
| CN108718746B (en) | Tree-shaped culture method for kiwifruit canker | |
| CN113557901A (en) | High-quality high-yield cultivation method for mulberry with long spike matured for many times a year | |
| CN113243245A (en) | Kiwi garden building method capable of quickly forming tree shape of' one trunk with two vines | |
| CN112753471A (en) | Method for cultivating strong fruiting mother branches of persimmons | |
| CN112273081A (en) | Seedling grafting stock optimization and planting method for improving quality of jackfruit | |
| CN107135818B (en) | High-pile budding method for Kangding magnolia | |
| CN110367017A (en) | A kind of seed selection breeding method of white peach | |
| CN109511414A (en) | The breeding method of alder dwarfing maternal plant |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |