CN108243755A - A kind of oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method - Google Patents
A kind of oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108243755A CN108243755A CN201810126612.3A CN201810126612A CN108243755A CN 108243755 A CN108243755 A CN 108243755A CN 201810126612 A CN201810126612 A CN 201810126612A CN 108243755 A CN108243755 A CN 108243755A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of oriental cherry propagation by grafiting methods; this method is by selecting suitable scion, stock and grafting adaptable therewith and management method; the oriental cherry survival rate of grafting is high, solves the problems, such as that the compatibility of oriental cherry grafting scion and stock is poor in the prior art.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to oriental cherry reproduction technique fields, and in particular to a kind of oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method.
Background technology
Oriental cherry is the typical cherry Subgenus of the rose family (Rosaceae) Li Yake (Prunoideae) cherry categories (Cerasus)
(Subg.Cerasus) general term.About 150 kinds of the whole world is distributed in the Northern Hemisphere temperate belt such as Asia, Europe, North America, main
Species distributing is wanted in China, Japan and Korea.China has 38 kinds, 8 mutation；Wherein, Zhejiang Province has 10 kinds, accounts for national money
The 1/4 of source.Oriental cherry is one of Zhejiang Province's vegetation blooming in early Spring, and not only germ plasm resource is enriched, and is had a very wide distribution, and morphological variation
Greatly, pattern enriches.The existing tall and big tall and straight arbor of oriental cherry, and have short dense shrub, flower quantity is more, solely sets into scape,
Sea is spent extremely to shake during plantation in flakes.The wild oriental cherry in China passes through long-term natural selection, has more than someiyoshine kind
Strong resistant to diseases and insects and adaptability.
The fruit cherry of wild oriental cherry is the food of nature birds, is eaten after fruit prematurity or maturation by birds,
It is difficult to it is collected into a large amount of wild seed.With respect to someiyoshine kind, the vegetative propagation of domestic wild oriental cherry kind is relatively difficult, skewer
Insert, graft survival rate it is relatively low.Graft wild oriental cherry using the common stock of Japan cultivars is grafted, scion and stock it is affine
Property is poor, and grafting part will appear enlargement, stick up phenomena such as skin, crackle, and graft union is easily broken off after seedling, and root easily occurs in stock root system
Carninomatosis.
The wild excellent strain pattern of oriental cherry is gorgeous, flower amount is big, the speed of growth is fast, resistance, and propagating materials is less, for as far as possible
Retain excellent character, preserve good resource, realize that elite seedling individual amount rapidly increases, find a kind of suitable domestic open country
The engrafting method of raw oriental cherry is extremely urgent.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of oriental cherry propagation by grafiting methods, are connect to solve oriental cherry in the prior art
The problem of compatibility of fringe and stock is poor.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method, described method includes following steps：
(1) acquisition of fringe bar：After Winter Solstice, it is fringe bar to acquire the branch above wild oriental cherry sprout tillers；
(2) fringe bar is sealed with wax and is refrigerated：It is sealed after the fringe bar trimming being collected with hot wax, then with preservative film environmental sealing,
It is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and saves backup；
(3) selection of stock：The Cyclobanopsis chungii of the raw robust growths of 4-5 is chosen, every plant retains 5-6 level-one branch,
Remaining branch is cut off, and the level-one branch of reservation is as stock；
(4) scion is grafted：Mid-January, the fringe bar of acquisition is cut into long 4-5 centimetres of scion, is retained in each scion
1-2 full leaf buds, scion top are splayed 0.5-1.0 centimetres, and scion lower part side is splayed 1.5-2.0 centimetres, and opposite is another
Side is splayed 0.5-1.0 centimetres, and both sides form asymmetric wedge shape；Stock upper end is cut into flat mouth, in smooth side slightly band xylem
1.5-2.0 centimetres of cutting perpendicularly depth (sometimes side has the interface of secondary branch in the past, causes side rough, if
There is such case, just select smooth side)；The scion cut is inserted into stock notch, scion is splayed 1.5-2.0 centimetres
Section be aligned towards medulla and with the forming layer of stock, finally with transparent plastic preservative film banding fixed, it is ensured that 1 is full
Leaf bud is naked to be exposed on the external, and scion top section is obturaged with preservative film, to reduce scion dehydration；
(5) bagging：Valve bag is sleeved in the scion grafted, covers the grafting part of stock, is sealed；Temperature is gone back up to
At 10 DEG C -15 DEG C, valve bag closure part is opened, adapts to after a week, extract valve bag, after 2 months, after graft union healing,
Extract the fresh-keeping band of plastics of binding graft union；
(6) cultivation management：The normal water and fertilizer management of clone nursery stock grafted, temperature are erased on stock in time after getting warm again after a cold spell
Tender shoots, part graft scion should erase in time with bud, avoid nutrient consumption.It is annual to apply fertilizer 2 times, respectively in spring, Qiu Shi
Phase applies fertilizer, and based on nitrogenous fertilizer, is properly added oil cake.Pest and disease damage is less, and extensiveization management, prevention uses general insecticide.
Preferably, the branch (branch namely above sprout tillers) acquired selected by fringe bar is preferably robust growth, leaf bud
Full, a diameter of 0.5-1.0 centimetres of branch.
Preferably, best results when the base diameter of selected Cyclobanopsis chungii is 4-5 centimetres.
Preferably, the level-one Branch diameter that step (3) retains is 0.5-1.5 centimetres.
Preferably, step (4) described preservative film is 1.5-2.0 centimetres wide.
It is highly preferred that angle is splayed as 45 ° -60 ° in scion top in step (4), scion lower part side angle of splaying is
10 ° -20 °, opposite opposite side splays angle as 20 ° -35 °.
The invention has the advantages that：
The present invention is by selecting suitable scion, stock and grafting adaptable therewith and management method, the cherry of grafting
Flower survival rate is high, solves the problems, such as that the compatibility of oriental cherry grafting scion and stock is poor in the prior art.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the branch figure of preservation of sealing with wax；
Fig. 2 is growth realistic picture before raw Cyclobanopsis chungii grafting in 5 years；
Fig. 3 is 5 years raw Cyclobanopsis chungii growth figures after grafting；
Fig. 4 is scion grafting schematic diagram；
In figure, the leftmost side is scion and stock combination situation, and intermediate is scion and the stock after bundling；The rightmost side
It is individual grafting schematic diagram；
Bagging realistic picture after Fig. 5 graftings；
Fig. 6 is the oriental cherry scion growing state extractd after binding belt.
Specific embodiment
The present invention will be described in detail by specific embodiment below.These embodiments are provided to be to be able to more
Thoroughly understand the present invention, and the scope of the present invention can be completely communicated to those skilled in the art.
"comprising" or " comprising " as mentioned in working as in specification in the whole text and claim are an open language, therefore should
It is construed to " including but not limited to ".Specification subsequent descriptions are to implement the better embodiment of the present invention, and so description is
For the purpose of the rule of specification, it is not limited to the scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is when regarding appended power
Profit is required subject to institute's defender.
Embodiment one
A kind of oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method, described method includes following steps：
(1) acquisition of fringe bar：After Winter Solstice, it is full, a diameter of to acquire robust growth above wild oriental cherry sprout tillers, leaf bud
0.5-1.0 centimetres of branch is fringe bar；
(2) fringe bar is sealed with wax and is refrigerated：It is sealed after the fringe bar trimming being collected with hot wax, then with preservative film environmental sealing,
It is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and saves backup；
(3) selection of stock：Life in 4 years, robust growth, the Cyclobanopsis chungii that base diameter is 4-5 centimetres are chosen, every plant retains 5
A a diameter of 0.5-1.5 centimetres of level-one branch, remaining branch are cut off, and the level-one branch of reservation is as stock；
(4) scion is grafted：Mid-January, the fringe bar of acquisition is cut into long 4-5 centimetres of scion, retains 1 in each scion
A full leaf bud, scion top are splayed 0.5-1.0 centimetres, and angle of splaying is 45 ° -60 °, and scion lower part side is splayed 1.5-
2.0 centimetres, angle of splaying is 10 ° -20 °, and opposite opposite side is splayed 0.5-1.0 centimetres, and angle of splaying is 20 ° -35 °, both sides
Form asymmetric wedge shape；Stock upper end is cut into flat mouth, in smooth side slightly 1.5-2.0 centimetres of band xylem cutting perpendicularly depth；
The scion cut is inserted into stock notch, scion splay 1.5-2.0 centimetres of section towards medulla and with the forming layer of stock
Alignment, finally with transparent plastic preservative film banding fixed 1.5-2.0 centimetres wide, it is ensured that 1 full leaf bud is naked to be exposed on the external,
Scion top section is obturaged with preservative film, to reduce scion dehydration；
(5) bagging：Valve bag is sleeved in the scion grafted, covers the grafting part of stock, is sealed；Temperature is gone back up to
At 10 DEG C, valve bag closure part is opened, adapts to after a week, extract valve bag, after 2 months, after graft union healing, extracts bundle
Tie up the fresh-keeping band of plastics of graft union；
(6) cultivation management：The normal water and fertilizer management of clone nursery stock grafted, temperature are erased on stock in time after getting warm again after a cold spell
Tender shoots, part graft scion should erase in time with bud, avoid nutrient consumption.It is annual to apply fertilizer 2 times, respectively in spring, Qiu Shi
Phase applies fertilizer, and based on nitrogenous fertilizer, is properly added oil cake.Pest and disease damage is less, and extensiveization management, prevention uses general insecticide.
Embodiment two
A kind of oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method, described method includes following steps：
(1) acquisition of fringe bar：After Winter Solstice, it is full, a diameter of to acquire robust growth above wild oriental cherry sprout tillers, leaf bud
0.5-1.0 centimetres of branch is fringe bar；
(2) fringe bar is sealed with wax and is refrigerated：It is sealed after the fringe bar trimming being collected with hot wax, then with preservative film environmental sealing
(Fig. 1) is placed in 4 DEG C of refrigerators and saves backup；
(3) selection of stock：Selection life in 5 years, robust growth, the Cyclobanopsis chungii (Fig. 2) that base diameter is 4-5 centimetres, every plant
Retain 6 a diameter of 0.5-1.5 centimetres of level-one branch, remaining branch is cut off, and the level-one branch of reservation is as stock；
(4) scion is grafted：Mid-January, the fringe bar of acquisition is cut into long 4-5 centimetres of scion, retains 2 in each scion
A full leaf bud, scion top are splayed 0.5-1.0 centimetres, and angle of splaying is 45 ° -60 °, and scion lower part side is splayed 1.5-
2.0 centimetres, angle of splaying is 10 ° -20 °, and opposite opposite side is splayed 0.5-1.0 centimetres, and angle of splaying is 20 ° -35 °, both sides
Form asymmetric wedge shape；Stock upper end is cut into flat mouth, in smooth side slightly 1.5-2.0 centimetres of band xylem cutting perpendicularly depth
(sometimes side has the interface of secondary branch in the past, causes side rough, if this occurs, just selects smooth
Side)；The scion cut is inserted into stock notch, scion splays 1.5-2.0 centimetres of section towards medulla and and stock
Forming layer alignment, finally with wide 1.5-2.0 centimetres of transparent plastic preservative film banding fixed, it is ensured that 1 full leaf bud is naked
It is exposed on the external, scion top section is obturaged with preservative film, to reduce scion dehydration (Fig. 3 and Fig. 4)；
(5) bagging：Valve bag is sleeved in the scion grafted (Fig. 5), covers the grafting part of stock, is sealed；Temperature
When going back up to 15 DEG C, valve bag closure part is opened, adapts to after a week, extract valve bag, after 2 months, after graft union healing,
Extract the fresh-keeping band of plastics (Fig. 6) of binding graft union；
(6) cultivation management：The normal water and fertilizer management of clone nursery stock grafted, temperature are erased on stock in time after getting warm again after a cold spell
Tender shoots, part graft scion should erase in time with bud, avoid nutrient consumption.It is annual to apply fertilizer 2 times, respectively in spring, Qiu Shi
Phase applies fertilizer, and based on nitrogenous fertilizer, is properly added oil cake.Pest and disease damage is less, and extensiveization management, prevention uses general insecticide.
In order to prove beneficial effects of the present invention and obtain preferred embodiment, inventor has also carried out following experiment, specifically
It is as follows：
First, test material
Welcome spring cherry (C.discoidea), Zhejiang Fujian cherry (C.schneideriana), great Ye morning cherry (C.subhirtella),
Underbrown japanese cherry (C.serrulata), Central China cherry (C.conradinae) and diels cherry (C.dielsiana).
2nd, it tests
Experiment 1：The scion of different parts is compared
The present invention uses the branch above wild oriental cherry sprout tillers as fringe bar；Control group 1 labels portion 1 year using wild flowering cherry
Raw branch is fringe bar；Each oriental cherry selects 3-6 single plant, and each single plant acquires 30 scion, as repetition.Grafting and manager
Method is identical, it is compared, and comparison result is shown in Table 1.
Count survival rate：December counts the oriental cherry survival rate of grafting, using scion rudiment long shoot, seedling to survive
Standard, and count grafting twig length, rugosity and branch amount.Using sprout tillers branch as the oriental cherry of scion graft average survival as
83%, the averagely long 102.70cm of branch, average boldness 16.20mm, average branch number 6.51；Made with the 1 year raw branch in tree crown top
Control group 1 for scion grafts average survival average out to 46%, and average branch long 61.33cm, average boldness 11.39mm are average
Branch amount 4.69.
The different parts scion grafting situation of the different oriental cherries of table 1 compares
The oriental cherry different using 6 kinds selects sprout tillers branch and annotinous branch to carry out grafting examination for scion as test material
It tests, show that its graft survival rate is higher using sprout tillers branch as scion, grafting survival not of the same race compared to using 1 year raw branch as scion
Rate is more than 70%, average survival 83%；It grafts the increment (length and rugosity) of scion and branch amount is above 1
Year raw scion.Illustrate that the sprout tillers branch of wild oriental cherry is more suitable for the scion of grafting.
The different stock graftings of experiment 2 compare
The present invention uses Cyclobanopsis chungii as stock；Control group 2 uses careless cherry as stock；Each oriental cherry selects 3-6 list
Strain, each 30 plants of individual grafting, as repetition.Grafting is identical with management method, it is compared, comparison result is shown in Table
2。
Count survival rate：December counts the oriental cherry survival rate of grafting, using scion rudiment long shoot, seedling to survive
Standard, using Cyclobanopsis chungii as the oriental cherry of stock grafting average survival as 83%, the averagely long 102.70cm of branch, average boldness
16.20mm；It is 52% that control group 2 using careless cherry as stock, which grafts average survival, the long 30.19cm of average branch, average boldness
4.24mm。
The different stock grafting situations of the different oriental cherries of table 2 compare
6 kinds of different oriental cherries select Cyclobanopsis chungii and careless cherry to carry out Grafting Experiment for stock, obtain as test material
It is higher as the graft survival rate of stock using Cyclobanopsis chungii, it is higher by 31% than average survival of the control group 2 using careless cherry as stock.
Illustrate that Cyclobanopsis chungii compares the stock that careless cherry is more suitable for wild oriental cherry grafting.
Experiment 3：The Cyclobanopsis chungii of different seedling ages compares as the grafting situation of stock
Using the Cyclobanopsis chungii level-one branch of the raw robust growths of 4-5 as stock, control group 3 uses 1 year the present invention
Raw Cyclobanopsis chungii is as stock；Each oriental cherry selects 3-6 single plant, each 30 plants of individual grafting, as repetition.Grafting and pipe
Reason method is identical, it is compared, and comparison result is shown in Table 3.
Count survival rate：December counts the oriental cherry survival rate of grafting, using scion rudiment long shoot, seedling to survive
Standard, using the level-one branch of 4-5 Cyclobanopsis chungiis as stock, it connects average survival as 83%, and average branch is long
102.70cm average boldness 16.20mm；Using 1 year, the control group 3 of raw Cyclobanopsis chungii as stock grafted average survival and is averaged
It is 44%, average branch long (height of seedling) 50.46cm, average boldness 5.58mm.
The different seedling age Cyclobanopsis chungiis of table 3 compare for stock grafting situation
The oriental cherry different using 6 kinds selects the Cyclobanopsis chungii of different seedling ages to carry out grafting examination for stock as test material
Test, obtain using the raw Cyclobanopsis chungiis of 4-5 as the graft survival rate of stock than control group 3 using 1 year raw Cyclobanopsis chungii as stock
Average survival it is high, the excellent stock more properly grafted as wild oriental cherry.
Although above having used general explanation and specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail, at this
On the basis of invention, it can be made some modifications or improvements, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore,
These modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (6)
- A kind of 1. oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method, which is characterized in that described method includes following steps：(1) acquisition of fringe bar：After Winter Solstice, it is fringe bar to acquire the branch above wild oriental cherry sprout tillers；(2) fringe bar is sealed with wax and is refrigerated：It is sealed after the fringe bar trimming being collected with hot wax, then with preservative film environmental sealing, is placed in 4 It is saved backup in DEG C refrigerator；(3) selection of stock：The Cyclobanopsis chungii of the raw robust growths of 4-5 is chosen, every plant retains 5-6 level-one branch, remaining Branch is cut off, and the level-one branch of reservation is as stock；(4) scion is grafted：Mid-January, the fringe bar of acquisition is cut into long 4-5 centimetres of scion, retains 1-2 in each scion Full leaf bud, scion top are splayed 0.5-1.0 centimetres, and scion lower part side is splayed 1.5-2.0 centimetres, opposite another skew back 0.5-1.0 centimetres is cut, both sides form asymmetric wedge shape；Stock upper end is cut into flat mouth, and in smooth side, slightly band xylem is vertically cut Open 1.5-2.0 centimetres of depth；The scion cut is inserted into stock notch, scion splays 1.5-2.0 centimetres of section towards marrow It the heart and is aligned with the forming layer of stock, finally with transparent plastic preservative film banding fixed, it is ensured that 1 full leaf bud is exposed outside Portion, scion top section are obturaged with preservative film, to reduce scion dehydration；(5) bagging：Valve bag is sleeved in the scion grafted, covers the grafting part of stock, is sealed；Temperature goes back up to 10- At 15 DEG C, valve bag closure part is opened, adapts to after a week, extract valve bag, after 2 months, after graft union healing, extracts bundle Tie up the fresh-keeping band of plastics of graft union；(6) cultivation management：The normal water and fertilizer management of clone nursery stock grafted, temperature are erased tender on stock in time after getting warm again after a cold spell Bud, grafting scion erasing in time with bud, avoids nutrient consumption.
- 2. oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the branch above step (1) described sprout tillers Item selects that robust growth, leaf bud be full, a diameter of 0.5-1.0 centimetres of branch.
- 3. oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the base diameter of the Cyclobanopsis chungii is 4- 5 centimetres.
- 4. oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the level-one branch that step (3) retains is straight Diameter is 0.5-1.5 centimetres.
- 5. oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step (4) wide 1.5- of the preservative film 2.0 centimetre.
- 6. oriental cherry propagation by grafiting method according to claim 1, which is characterized in that scion top chamfered angle in step (4) It is 45 ° -60 ° to spend, and angle is splayed as 10 ° 20 ° in scion lower part side, and opposite opposite side angle of splaying is 20 ° -35 °.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN108934518A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-07 | 林昌礼 | A kind of sweetgum container seedling engrafting method |
| CN109197363A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-15 | 三明市三元区楼源苗圃 | A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method keeping underbrown japanese cherry merit |
| CN109258159A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-25 | 三明市三元区楼源苗圃 | A kind of intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry |
| CN111802157A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 宁波城市职业技术学院 | Stock selection method for domestic main cultivated variety oriental cherry |
| CN111802165A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-23 | 宁波城市职业技术学院 | Method capable of remarkably improving success rate of oriental cherry grafting in summer |
| CN113973601A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-01-28 | 湖南省植物园 | Simple and efficient oriental cherry grafting and breeding method |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108934518A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2018-12-07 | 林昌礼 | A kind of sweetgum container seedling engrafting method |
| CN109197363A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-15 | 三明市三元区楼源苗圃 | A kind of high efficiency seedling cultivating method keeping underbrown japanese cherry merit |
| CN109258159A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-25 | 三明市三元区楼源苗圃 | A kind of intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry |
| CN111802157A (en) * | 2020-07-16 | 2020-10-23 | 宁波城市职业技术学院 | Stock selection method for domestic main cultivated variety oriental cherry |
| CN111802165A (en) * | 2020-07-28 | 2020-10-23 | 宁波城市职业技术学院 | Method capable of remarkably improving success rate of oriental cherry grafting in summer |
| CN113973601A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-01-28 | 湖南省植物园 | Simple and efficient oriental cherry grafting and breeding method |
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