CN109258159A - A kind of intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry - Google Patents
A kind of intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry Download PDFInfo
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- CN109258159A CN109258159A CN201811344610.8A CN201811344610A CN109258159A CN 109258159 A CN109258159 A CN 109258159A CN 201811344610 A CN201811344610 A CN 201811344610A CN 109258159 A CN109258159 A CN 109258159A
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- grafting
- stock
- seedlings
- seedling
- fringe bar
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
Abstract
The invention belongs to technical field of plant cultivation, disclose a kind of intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry, specifically includes the following steps: stock preparation, fringe bar acquisition, deepfreeze, grafting operation, grafting storage and grafting cultivation.The present invention uses deepfreeze technology; the activity level of synchronization modulation scion and stock; it solves the problems, such as in the prior art because stock and scion growth activity mismatch lead to grafting failure; stablize and improves graft survival rate; substantially extend grafting suitable time; reduce knack worker quantity required; grafting operation is completed in room conditions; storage is planted seedlings to spring transplants under season; Highly Effective and the batch production of Cyclobanopsis chungii graft seedling growth are realized, provides technical support for the development and utilization and industrialized development of Cyclobanopsis chungii merit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant cultivation more particularly to a kind of intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing methods of underbrown japanese cherry.
Background technique
Currently, the prior art commonly used in the trade is such that
Cyclobanopsis chungii (Cerasus campanulata Maxim) is bloomed at the beginning of last month of spring in winter, is first spent rear leaf, is spent big and numerous
Close, bright-colored, great ornamental value is preciousness earliest, that pattern is most rich and gaudy cherry platymiscium of one's native land of blooming in all oriental cherries, with
Tokyo oriental cherry (C.yedoensis, also known as someiyoshine), weeping branch morning cherry (C.subhirtella var.pendula), high basin cherry
(C.cerasoides) it is collectively referred to as ornamental kind greatly of oriental cherry four, is one of foremost Flowering Cherry Cultivars of one's native land.In recent years, due to watching valence
Value is high, landscape effect is good, Cyclobanopsis chungii in terms of afforestation with hairs that are more and more, having driven greening seedling to cultivate
Exhibition.
The fancy points differentiation of wild Cyclobanopsis chungii is obvious, and colored color, quantity of blooming and morning and evening at florescence length has
Very big difference.Currently, frequently with the multiplication technique of graft seedling growth in production, excellent, ornamental value is showed with a large amount of acquired characters
High nursery stock, and then cultivate into the high-value goods greening seedling for keeping maternal merit, improve Cyclobanopsis chungii exploitation benefit
Use economic benefit.The Key Influential Factors for influencing graft survival rate further include grafting time and grafting operation skill other than stock
Energy.It is the graft survival rate for improving Cyclobanopsis chungii in production, existing most common method is, in grafting suitable time, by
The skilled skilled worker for grasping grafting technical ability, directly carries out grafting operation, then cultivate into commodity on the stock in Seedlings nursery ground
Nursery stock.
Cyclobanopsis chungii grafting is generally carried out in later rest to early period of sprouting in the prior art, since stock uses 1y more
The raw seedling of~2y, the general age of tree of scion-seed tree is larger, and the two growth rhythm is different, and degree of hibernation is different, scion and anvil after grafting
The wooden growth activity mismatches, and easily causes scion death that grafting is caused to fail.Cyclobanopsis chungii is suitable for that grafting time is shorter, and batch is raw
It need to employ a large amount of knack workers when production in a short time, and the shortage of knack worker, lead to the mass of graft seedling growth
Production is difficult to realize, and hinders the development and utilization and industrialized development of Cyclobanopsis chungii merit.Operation is grafted in outdoor seedling
It carries out to garden, vulnerable to the undesirable elements interference such as blow, rain, dry when operation, is also possible to encounter ice and snow frost day after grafting
Gas can all adversely affect graft survival rate and the recovery of grafting callus.For the ornamental value for improving grafting, interface is grafted
Preferably low unsuitable high, when worker's operation, must just squat down on the ground for a long time, and operating condition is poor, and operation difficulty is big, large labor intensity, labor
Efficiency of movement is low.
In conclusion problem of the existing technology is:
(1) in the prior art Cyclobanopsis chungii grafting generally later rest to sprout early period carry out, due to stock with connect
Fringe growth rhythm is different, and degree of hibernation is different, and scion and stock growth activity mismatch after grafting, and scion death is easily caused to cause
Grafting failure.
(2) Cyclobanopsis chungii is suitable for that grafting time is shorter in the prior art, and when batch production need to be employed a large amount of in a short time
Knack worker, the shortage of knack worker lead to the mass production for being difficult to realize graft seedling growth.
(3) grafting operation is dry vulnerable to extraneous undesirable element in outdoor nursery lot, operation and after grafting in the prior art
It disturbs, influences graft survival rate and grafting callus is restored.
(4) operating condition is poor in the prior art, and operation difficulty is big, large labor intensity, and labor efficiency is low.
Solve the difficulty and meaning of above-mentioned technical problem:
For the development and utilization and industrialized development for promoting Cyclobanopsis chungii merit, needs to improve and improve graft seedling growth skill
Art regulates and controls the growth activity of stock and scion by technical measures, improves graft survival rate, extends grafting suitable time, improves
Operating condition reduces labor intensity, reduces extraneous undesirable element interference, improves graft survival rate and labor efficiency, reduce to ripe
Practice technical staff's Man's Demands, realizes grafting operation Highly Effective and nursery stock mass production.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problems of the existing technology, the present invention provides a kind of intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing methods of underbrown japanese cherry.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry, specifically includes the following steps:
Step 1: stock prepares: pre-incubation expands the affine rootstock seedling of numerous Cyclobanopsis chungii kind height with quasi-, to December
When the middle ten days and the last ten days, ground diameter reaches 0.8cm~1.5cm, and rootstock seedling is dug, away from stem is cut off at ground stem 10cm~15cm, is wiped out too long
Root system, as stock；
Step 2: fringe bar acquisition: while taking rootstock seedling, expand on numerous Cyclobanopsis chungii elite stand from quasi-, acquire tree crown
Peripheral middle and upper part robust growth, sprout be full, no disease and pests harm innovation makees fringe bar, length 30cm~50cm；
Step 3: deepfreeze: the sheared edge of trimming stock and fringe bar to plain, tied up after being sealed with paraffin liquid it is bundled simultaneously
Disinfection, moisturizing, packaging, 4 DEG C of deepfreezes are spare；
Step 4: it grafting operation: after the refrigeration of 7d or more time, is carried out under room temperature using plate budding method indoors
Grafting, including grafting time and engrafting method；
Step 5: grafting storage: the nursery stock grafted, every 20 plants a bundle, with the Disinfection Methods of step 3, moisturizing, packet
Dress and refrigeration；Grafting is taken out from refrigeration place, is stored under room temperature with clean wet sand indoors by 15d or so before planting；
Step 6: grafting cultivation: prepare with carrying out garden in advance, at the beginning of mid-February in next year to 3 months, grafting is moved into
Plant to garden, erase stock sprout tillers and releases the plastic strip of binding in time, carry out top dressing, row irrigation, weeding, except sprouting and pest and disease damage
The seedling managements such as prevention and treatment.
Further, in step 1, stock prepares, specifically:
Using conventional seed planting seedling-raising technique, pre-incubation expands the affine rootstock seedling of numerous Cyclobanopsis chungii kind height with quasi-；
Rootstock seedling requires ground diameter 0.8cm~1.5cm, and robust growth, well developed root system；Mid or late December, the rootstock seedling cultivated are whole
After fallen leaves, rootstock seedling complete stool is dug, away from cutting off stem at ground stem 10cm~15cm, while root system is trimmed, was wiped out
Long root system, as stock.
Further, in step 3, deepfreeze, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) sheared edge of stock and fringe bar is trimmed to plain；
(2) sheared edge is put into dip in 100 DEG C of paraffin liquid and is sealed, time 0.1s~0.2s；
(3) 20 plants every by stock, fringe bar every 50 be bundled into a bundle, with 25% carbendazol wettable powder, 2500 times of medical fluids
After spraying disinfection, is wrapped up with clean wet cloth and be packed into polybag moisturizing, be put into 4 DEG C of deepfreezes in refrigerator or refrigerator-freezer；
(4) large batch of fringe bar and stock quantity can use the wet sand moisturizing of water content 70%, 4 DEG C of low temperature storages in freezer
Hiding, wet sand are sterilized with the above same method.
Further, in step 4, grafting time, specifically:
Fringe bar and stock, by the refrigeration of 7d or more time, are grafted under room temperature indoors under 4 DEG C of low temperature；Time
Since late December, late Febuary in next year can continue until.
Further, in step 4, engrafting method, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) when preparing grafting, first fringe bar and stock are taken out from refrigerator or refrigerator-freezer, fringe bar and the stock temperature disposed within of allowing
Degree is increased to room temperature, and taking out quantity and being subject in half a day can be grafted；
(2) full sprout is selected to make scion bud in fringe bar, from scion bud below chamfer downwards from 1.0cm 1 knife to
Xylem 0.4cm~0.5cm, then crosscutting 1 knife is cut to xylem 0.3cm~0.4cm is flat downwards from 1.0cm above bud, under
Angular cut intersection is held, bud tablets are removed；
(3) at stock from the ground 5cm~8cm, select smooth position slightly band xylem longitudinal sectional downwards, size incision and bud tablets
Quite, then from lower end it chamfers, removes stripping and slicing, be aligned forming layer, be embedded in bud tablets, it is tight with plastic strip binding after connecting；
(4) it is housed in the high-volume fringe bar and stock of freezer, can take out and be stored in refrigerator-freezer in batches；The fringe bar being not used
It is stored with wet sand in case second day uses with stock.
Further, in step 5, the storage of room temperature wet sand, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) 15d before planting takes out grafting from refrigeration place；
(2) the clean wet sand for first spreading one layer of 5cm~8cm thickness on floor indoors hands over grafting root system forward and backward direction
Mistake is laid in wet sand, then is covered with wet sand, and same method spreads one layer of grafting lid, one layer of wet sand, can spread 4 layers~5 layers grafting
Seedling, most one layer of 5cm~8cm thickness wet sand of rear cover are ventilative with sharp moisturizing；
(3) clean wet sand water content 70% used in is carried out disinfection processing using the method for step 3.
Further, in step 5, when grafting reserved for operation, is careful, and prevents damage interface and scion.
Further, in step 6, prepare to garden, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) selection has a good transport service, illumination is sufficient, the good fertile loam of irrigation and drainage with making garden；
(2) site preparation of digging is carried out prior to December, applies decomposed organic fertilizer 2500kg~3000kg/hm2Make base manure；
(3) it turns over again mid-February in next year once, ploughed depth 20cm, row of seedlings, the high about 35cm in ridge, lower width about 50cm, on
Width about 20cm, the wide about 30cm of pavement.
Further, in step 6, grafting plantation, specific requirement are as follows:
(1) at the beginning of mid-February in next year to 3 months, by the room temperature wet sand storage of 15d, the callus for grafting notch is raw
At some scion have been germinateed, and can plant grafting with moving into garden；
(2) every 1 row nursery stock of ridge kind, kind plant hole specification are determined according to nursery stock size；
(3) seedling is put into kind of a plant hole center when planting, stretches seedling root to four directions, earthing is treaded；
(4) depth of planting seedlings is advisable with nursery stock base portion embedment 3~5cm of underground；
(5) damage scion and fringe bud should be prevented when planting, it is ensured that nursery stock is upright, and root water is watered with after cultivation.
Further, in step 6, seedling management, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) as the temperature rises, stock and scion start to sprout, and fringe bud is sprouted, stock sprout tillers of erasing in time；
(2) when grafting interface sufficiently heals, the plastic strip of binding is released in time, prevents from influencing seedling growth；
(3) when scion young sprout grows to 10cm, timely top dressing.Top dressing 3 times in growth period, respectively April, June and August into
Row；
(4) entire growth period routinely carries out row irrigation, weeding, except sprouting and the seedling managements such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(5) it arrives by the end of December, the 0 of cultivation(2)Life in -1 year (remarks: 1 year dry 2 end of the year transplanted primary) grafting ground diameter is reachable
1.5cm~2.5cm, height of seedling 1.3m or more, and interface is straight, robust growth, well developed root system.
Further, in step 6, top dressing 3 times in growth period are carried out in April, June and August respectively；Apply 0.5% urine 1st time
Plain solution 30kg/hm2；2 Ci Geshi compound fertilizer 50kg/hm afterwards2, trench digging is applied or the small rainy day spreads fertilizer over the fields.
In conclusion advantages of the present invention and good effect are as follows:
The present invention uses deepfreeze technology, and the activity level of synchronization modulation scion and stock solves in the prior art
The problem of leading to grafting failure because of stock and scion growth activity mismatch, stablizes and improve graft survival rate, substantially extend grafting
Suitable time reduces knack worker quantity required, completes grafting operation in room conditions, and storage to spring is planted seedlings season
It transplants lowerly, implements seedling management measure, it can the intensive efficient a large amount of Cyclobanopsis chungii grafting plant of breeding.The comparison present invention
The technical measures of method and the prior art, technical effect and seedling quality, it is obvious that being trained with existing conventional method
It educates Cyclobanopsis chungii grafting to compare, the technical measures that this method is taken are more scientific, and the technical effect of acquirement is very significant, training
The seedling quality educated is more excellent, realizes Highly Effective and the batch production of Cyclobanopsis chungii graft seedling growth, is Cyclobanopsis chungii
The development and utilization and industrialized development of merit provide technical support.It is detailed in the following table 1.
The technical measures and nursery effect contrast table of 1 this method of table and existing conventional method
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method flow chart of underbrown japanese cherry provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
In order to solve existing technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry, fortune
With deepfreeze technology, the activity level of synchronization modulation scion and stock substantially extends grafting suitable time, reduces knack
Worker's quantity required completes grafting operation in room conditions, and storage is planted seedlings to spring transplants under season, realizes Fujian Mountain
The Highly Effective of oriental cherry graft seedling growth and batch production mention for the development and utilization and industrialized development of Cyclobanopsis chungii merit
For technical support.
Application principle of the invention is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, the intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry provided in an embodiment of the present invention, specifically includes following
Step:
S101: stock prepares: pre-incubation expands the affine rootstock seedling of numerous underbrown japanese cherry kind height with quasi-, to mid or late December
When, ground diameter 0.8cm~1.5cm digs rootstock seedling, away from stem is cut off at ground stem 10cm~15cm, wipes out too long root system, obtains
Stock；
S102: fringe bar acquisition: while taking rootstock seedling, expanding on numerous underbrown japanese cherry elite stand from quasi-, in acquisition tree crown periphery
Upper grown is healthy and strong, sprout is full, no disease and pests harm innovation makees fringe bar, length 30cm~50cm；
S103: deepfreeze: the sheared edge of trimming stock and fringe bar is tied up bundled and disappeared to plain after being sealed with paraffin liquid
Poison, moisturizing, packaging, 4 DEG C of deepfreezes are spare；
S104: it grafting operation: after the refrigeration of 7d or more time, is transferred under room temperature using plate budding method indoors
It connects；
S105: grafting storage: the nursery stock grafted, every 20 plants a bundle, with the Disinfection Methods of step 3, moisturizing, pack
And refrigeration；Grafting is taken out from refrigeration place, is stored under room temperature with clean wet sand indoors by 15d before planting；
S106: grafting cultivation: prepare with carrying out garden in advance, at the beginning of mid-February in next year to 3 months, grafting is moved into garden
Ground plantation, erase stock sprout tillers and releases the plastic strip of binding in time, carries out top dressing, row irrigation, weeding, anti-with pest and disease damage except sprouting
Control seedling management.
In step S101, stock provided in an embodiment of the present invention prepares, specifically:
Using conventional seed planting seedling-raising technique, pre-incubation expands the affine rootstock seedling of numerous Cyclobanopsis chungii kind height with quasi-；
Rootstock seedling requires ground diameter 0.8cm~1.5cm, and robust growth, well developed root system；Mid or late December, the rootstock seedling cultivated are whole
After fallen leaves, rootstock seedling complete stool is dug, away from cutting off stem at ground stem 10cm~15cm, while root system is trimmed, was wiped out
Long root system, as stock.
In step S103, deepfreeze provided in an embodiment of the present invention, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) sheared edge of stock and fringe bar is trimmed to plain；
(2) sheared edge is put into dip in 100 DEG C of paraffin liquid and is sealed, time 0.1s~0.2s；
(3) 20 plants every by stock, fringe bar every 50 be bundled into a bundle, with 25% carbendazol wettable powder, 2500 times of medical fluids
After spraying disinfection, is wrapped up with clean wet cloth and be packed into polybag moisturizing, be put into 4 DEG C of deepfreezes in refrigerator or refrigerator-freezer；
(4) large batch of fringe bar and stock quantity can use the wet sand moisturizing of water content 70%, 4 DEG C of low temperature storages in freezer
Hiding, wet sand are sterilized with the above same method.
In step S104, grafting time provided in an embodiment of the present invention, specifically:
Fringe bar and stock are under 4 DEG C of low temperature, by the refrigeration of 7d or more time, can carry out grafting work under room temperature indoors
Industry；Time since late December, can continue until late Febuary in next year.
In step S104, engrafting method provided in an embodiment of the present invention, concrete operation step includes:
(1) when preparing grafting, first fringe bar and stock are taken out from refrigerator or refrigerator-freezer, fringe bar and the stock temperature disposed within of allowing
Degree is increased to room temperature, and taking out quantity and being subject in half a day can be grafted；
(2) full sprout is selected to make scion bud in fringe bar, from scion bud below chamfer downwards from 1.0cm 1 knife to
Xylem 0.4cm~0.5cm, then crosscutting 1 knife is cut to xylem 0.3cm~0.4cm is flat downwards from 1.0cm above bud, under
Angular cut intersection is held, bud tablets are removed；
(3) at stock from the ground 5cm~8cm, select smooth position slightly band xylem longitudinal sectional downwards, size incision and bud tablets
Quite, then from lower end it chamfers, removes stripping and slicing, be aligned forming layer, be embedded in bud tablets, it is tight with plastic strip binding after connecting；
(4) it is housed in the high-volume fringe bar and stock of freezer, can take out and be stored in refrigerator-freezer in batches；The fringe bar being not used
It is stored with wet sand in case second day uses with stock.
In step S105, grafting room temperature wet sand provided in an embodiment of the present invention is stored, and specific steps include:
(1) 15d before planting takes out grafting from refrigeration place；
(2) the clean wet sand for first spreading one layer of 5cm~8cm thickness on floor indoors hands over grafting root system forward and backward direction
Mistake is laid in wet sand, then is covered with wet sand, and same method spreads one layer of grafting lid, one layer of wet sand, can spread 4 layers~5 layers grafting
Seedling, most one layer of 5cm~8cm thickness wet sand of rear cover are ventilative with sharp moisturizing；
(3) clean wet sand water content 70% used in is carried out disinfection processing using the method for S103.
In step S105, when grafting reserved for operation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, is careful, and preventing from damaging interface and connects
Fringe.
In step S106, prepare to the garden of grafting cultivation provided in an embodiment of the present invention, specific steps include:
(1) selection has a good transport service, illumination is sufficient, the good fertile loam of irrigation and drainage with making garden；
(2) site preparation of digging is carried out prior to December, applies decomposed organic fertilizer 2500kg~3000kg/hm2Make base manure；
(3) it turns over again mid-February in next year once, ploughed depth 20cm, row of seedlings, the high about 35cm in ridge, lower width about 50cm, on
Width about 20cm, the wide about 30cm of pavement.
In step S106, grafting provided in an embodiment of the present invention is planted, and specific steps include:
(1) at the beginning of mid-February in next year to 3 months, by the room temperature wet sand storage of 15d, the callus for grafting notch is raw
At some scion have been germinateed, and can plant grafting with moving into garden；
(2) every 1 row nursery stock of ridge kind, kind plant hole specification are determined according to nursery stock size；
(3) seedling is put into kind of a plant hole center when planting, stretches seedling root to four directions, earthing is treaded；
(4) depth of planting seedlings is advisable with nursery stock base portion embedment 3~5cm of underground；
(5) damage scion and fringe bud should be prevented when planting, it is ensured that nursery stock is upright, and root water is watered with after cultivation.
In step S106, seedling management provided in an embodiment of the present invention, specific steps include:
(1) as the temperature rises, stock and scion start to sprout, and fringe bud is sprouted, stock sprout tillers of erasing in time；
(2) when grafting interface sufficiently heals, the plastic strip of binding is released in time, prevents from influencing seedling growth；
(3) when scion young sprout grows to 10cm, timely top dressing.Top dressing 3 times in growth period, respectively April, June and August into
Row；
(4) entire growth period routinely carries out row irrigation, weeding, except sprouting and the seedling managements such as the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(5) it arrives by the end of December, the 0 of cultivation(2)Life in -1 year (remarks: 1 year dry 2 end of the year transplanted primary) grafting ground diameter is reachable
1.5cm~2.5cm, height of seedling 1.3m or more, and interface is straight, robust growth, well developed root system.
In step S106, top dressing 3 times in growth period provided in an embodiment of the present invention are carried out in April, June and August respectively；
Apply 0.5% urea liquid 30kg/hm 1st time2；2 Ci Geshi compound fertilizer 50kg/hm afterwards2, trench digging is applied or the small rainy day spreads fertilizer over the fields.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry, which is characterized in that the intensive efficient grafting of the underbrown japanese cherry
Method for culturing seedlings, comprising:
Step 1: stock prepares: pre-incubation expands the affine rootstock seedling of numerous underbrown japanese cherry kind height with quasi-, to mid or late December
When, ground diameter 0.8cm~1.5cm digs rootstock seedling, away from stem is cut off at ground stem 10cm~15cm, wipes out too long root system, obtains
Stock；
Step 2: fringe bar acquisition: while taking rootstock seedling, expanding on numerous underbrown japanese cherry elite stand from quasi-, acquires in tree crown periphery
Portion's robust growth, sprout be full, no disease and pests harm innovation makees fringe bar, length 30cm~50cm；
Step 3: deepfreeze: the sheared edge of trimming stock and fringe bar is tied up bundled and disappeared to plain after being sealed with paraffin liquid
Poison, moisturizing, packaging, 4 DEG C of deepfreezes are spare；
Step 4: it grafting operation: after the refrigeration of 7d or more time, is transferred under room temperature using plate budding method indoors
It connects；
Step 5: grafting storage: the nursery stock grafted, every 20 plants a bundle, with the Disinfection Methods of step 3, moisturizing, pack and
Refrigeration；Grafting is taken out from refrigeration place, is stored under room temperature with clean wet sand indoors by 15d before planting；
Step 6: grafting cultivation: preparing with carrying out garden in advance, at the beginning of mid-February in next year to 3 months, with moving into garden by grafting
Plantation, erase stock sprout tillers and releases the plastic strip of binding in time, carry out top dressing, row irrigation, weeding, except sprouting and the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control
Seedling management.
2. the intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 1,
Using conventional seed planting seedling-raising technique, pre-incubation expands the affine rootstock seedling of numerous underbrown japanese cherry kind height with quasi-；Rootstock seedling requires ground
Diameter 0.8cm~1.5cm, and robust growth, well developed root system；Mid or late December, after the rootstock seedling cultivated is all fallen leaves, by stock
Seedling complete stool digs, and away from cutting off stem at ground stem 10cm~15cm, while trimming to root system, wipes out too long root system, as
Stock.
3. the intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 3,
Deepfreeze, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) sheared edge of stock and fringe bar is trimmed to plain；
(2) sheared edge is put into dip in 100 DEG C of paraffin liquid and is sealed, time 0.1s~0.2s；
(3) 20 plants every by stock, fringe bar every 50 be bundled into a bundle, with 25% carbendazol wettable powder, 2500 times of medicine liquid sprays
After disinfection, is wrapped up with clean wet cloth and be packed into polybag moisturizing, be put into 4 DEG C of deepfreezes in refrigerator or refrigerator-freezer；
(4) large batch of fringe bar and stock quantity can use the wet sand moisturizing of water content 70%, and 4 DEG C of cryopreservations, wet in freezer
Sand should carry out disinfection.
4. the intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 4,
Grafting time, specifically:
Fringe bar and stock, by the refrigeration of 7d or more time, are grafted under room temperature indoors under 4 DEG C of low temperature；Time is from 12
In the last ten-days period moon, continue to late Febuary in next year.
5. the intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 4,
Engrafting method, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) when preparing grafting, first fringe bar and stock are taken out from refrigerator or refrigerator-freezer, fringe bar and the stock temperature liter disposed within of allowing
Height arrives room temperature, takes out quantity and is subject in half a day and has grafted；
(2) full sprout is selected to make scion bud in fringe bar, from scion bud below 1 knife is chamfer from 1.0cm downwards to wooden
Portion 0.4cm~0.5cm, then crosscutting 1 knife is cut to xylem 0.3cm~0.4cm is flat downwards from 1.0cm above bud, it is oblique with lower end
Notch intersection, removes bud tablets；
(3) at stock from the ground 5cm~8cm, select smooth position slightly band xylem longitudinal sectional downwards, size incision and bud tablets phase
When, then from lower end beveling, remove stripping and slicing, and it is aligned forming layer, is embedded in bud tablets, it is tight with plastic strip binding after connecting；
(4) it is housed in the high-volume fringe bar and stock of freezer, takes out and is stored in refrigerator-freezer in batches；The fringe bar and stock being not used
With wet sand storage in case second day uses.
6. the intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 5,
The storage of room temperature wet sand, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) 15d before planting takes out grafting from refrigeration place；
(2) the clean wet sand for first spreading one layer of 5cm~8cm thickness on floor indoors, grafting root system forward and backward direction is staggeredly flat
It is layered in wet sand, then is covered with wet sand, same method spreads one layer of grafting lid, one layer of wet sand, spreads 4 layers~5 layers grafting, finally
One layer of 5cm~8cm thickness wet sand of lid, moisturizing are ventilative；
(3) clean wet sand water content 70% used in is carried out disinfection processing using the method for step 3.
7. the intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 6,
Prepare to garden, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) selection has a good transport service, illumination is sufficient, the good fertile loam of irrigation and drainage with making garden；
(2) site preparation of digging is carried out prior to December, applies decomposed organic fertilizer 2500kg~3000kg/hm2Make base manure；
(3) it turns over again mid-February in next year once, ploughed depth 20cm, plays row of seedlings, the high about 35cm in ridge, lower width about 50cm are upper wide about
20cm, the wide about 30cm of pavement.
8. the intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 6,
Grafting plantation, specific requirement are as follows:
(1) at the beginning of mid-February in next year to 3 months, by the room temperature wet sand storage of 15d, the callus for grafting notch has generated, has had
Scion germinateed, by grafting move into garden plant；
(2) every 1 row nursery stock of ridge kind, kind plant hole specification are determined according to nursery stock size；
(3) seedling is put into kind of a plant hole center when planting, stretches seedling root to four directions, earthing is treaded；
(4) depth of planting seedlings is advisable with nursery stock base portion embedment 3~5cm of underground；
(5) damage scion and fringe bud are prevented when planting, it is ensured that nursery stock is upright, and root water is watered with after cultivation.
9. the intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 6,
Seedling management, specifically includes the following steps:
(1) as the temperature rises, stock and scion start to sprout, and fringe bud is sprouted, stock sprout tillers of erasing in time；
(2) when grafting interface sufficiently heals, the plastic strip of binding is released；
(3) when scion young sprout grows to 10cm, timely top dressing；Top dressing 3 times in growth period are carried out in April, June and August respectively；
(4) entire growth period carries out row irrigation, weeding, except sprouting and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control seedling management.
10. the intensive efficient grafting seedlings-growing method of underbrown japanese cherry as claimed in claim 9, which is characterized in that in grafting management
Top dressing 3 times in growth period are carried out in April, June and August respectively；Apply 0.5% urea liquid 30kg/hm 1st time2；It respectively applies for 2 times afterwards
Compound fertilizer 50kg/hm2, trench digging is applied or the small rainy day spreads fertilizer over the fields.
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