CN112262671A - Grafting method for camellia oleifera trees - Google Patents
Grafting method for camellia oleifera trees Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN112262671A CN112262671A CN202011160158.7A CN202011160158A CN112262671A CN 112262671 A CN112262671 A CN 112262671A CN 202011160158 A CN202011160158 A CN 202011160158A CN 112262671 A CN112262671 A CN 112262671A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- grafting
- scion
- stock
- camellia oleifera
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
- A01G2/35—Cutting; Inserting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/10—Aromatic or araliphatic carboxylic acids, or thio analogues thereof; Derivatives thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/90—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having two or more relevant hetero rings, condensed among themselves or with a common carbocyclic ring system
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Dentistry (AREA)
- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for grafting an oil-tea tree, belonging to the technical field of high-position crown-changing grafting of old oil-tea trees. Selecting old camellia oleifera trees which have vigorous growth potential and do not have diseases and insect pests as stocks, longitudinally pulling an opening on old camellia oleifera barks below a section by a bark pulling method, wherein the width of the opening is equivalent to the diameter of a scion, selecting thick and strong annual camellia oleifera branches as scions, pre-wrapping the scions before grafting, butting the peeled surfaces of the scions with a bark pulling opening of the stocks during grafting, aligning the scions with cambiums of the stocks, and injecting a seam promoting mixture into the grafting openings through a thin film by a needle tube when callus grows out of the grafting openings. The oil-tea camellia scion is wrapped in advance by the special grafting plastic film and then grafted, so that the grafting program can be simplified, the field grafting workload is reduced, the field grafting time is shortened, the working efficiency is effectively improved, the contact area of cambium layers can be increased by increasing the cut contact surface of the inclined plane at the outer side of the scion, and the healing capacity is enhanced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil tea tree grafting, in particular to a high-position crown-changing grafting method for old oil tea trees.
Background
The oil tea is a high-quality woody oil tree species originally produced in China, and the oil tea has extremely high nutritive value and is known as 'east olive oil'. In recent years, the planting of the camellia oleifera has been vigorously popularized in China, but the main reason for restricting the popularization of the camellia oleifera is that the camellia oleifera is basically planted by adopting seedling afforestation, so that the camellia oleifera has different varieties, obvious effect in large and small years and extremely unstable yield.
The transformation method aiming at the low-yield old camellia oleifera forest comprises the following steps: strengthening tending management, density adjustment, strong shearing retraction to update tree crowns, high-position grafting and seed changing and the like. The former methods have certain effect on improving the yield of the oil-tea camellia, but only take temporary solution and non-permanent solution, and the yield of the old oil-tea camellia forest can be fundamentally improved only by selecting the good oil-tea camellia varieties suitable for the climate and the site conditions of the local oil-tea camellia production area as scions to perform high-position grafting crown (seed) change on the original old oil-tea camellia trees. Therefore, the grafting survival rate is very important for the transformation success or failure of the grafting and crown (seed) change of the low-yield forest of the camellia oleifera, and the most critical factor for determining the grafting survival rate is the grafting technology (method).
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a crown (seed) changing grafting method for old camellia oleifera trees, which solves the technical problem of low grafting survival rate of the existing old camellia oleifera trees.
A method for grafting a camellia oleifera tree comprises the following steps:
step 1: the grafting time is 6-7 months, the strong tending management and the strength pruning are carried out on the excellent variety of the mother tree one year in advance before grafting so as to culture the robust scions, and then the scions are collected from the mother tree;
step 2: pre-wrapping the scion, cutting an annual branch with thick and strong branch and plump axillary bud from a stock plant, cutting leaves from the base of a leaf stalk, cutting into scions with the length of 3-5 cm and 2-3 plump bud eyes, and wrapping the cut scions by using a special plastic film for grafting and rotating upwards from the lower part 1/3.
And step 3: selecting rootstocks, selecting old camellia oleifera trees which grow for 30-50 years and have vigorous growth vigor and do not have diseases and insect pests as the rootstocks, sawing the rootstocks at a position 80-120 cm away from the ground, and generally reserving 1-3 main branches for each cluster of camellia oleifera trees;
and 4, step 4: and (3) grafting, cutting two cutters longitudinally along the lateral bark part from the top section of the stock downwards after the stock is cut off, wherein the opening width is equivalent to the diameter of the scion and the length is 3-5 cm, pressing the cutting edge of the grafting cutter into the bark part to the xylem along the cutting line, and peeling the bark part and the xylem of the stock by the cutting edge with the help of force. Cutting an inclined plane of the pre-wrapped scion at an angle of 45 degrees from a position of about 0.3 cm at the base part, cutting a cortex layer of about 0.3 cm at the upper end of the inclined plane, reversing the scion by 180 degrees, cutting the cortex layer of the unmasked part at the back of the scion along the longitudinal direction, butting the peeled side of the scion with the cut of the stock, aligning the scion with the cambium layer of the stock, and wrapping the cut cortex layer of the stock on the outer side of the scion by using a plastic film strip;
and 5: when the graft mouth grows callus, the needle tube penetrates the film to inject the seam promoting mixture into the graft mouth, and then the stock is subjected to bud removal and fertilization management.
Further, before grafting, the cut scion is soaked in a grafting soaking agent for soaking the scion, wherein the grafting soaking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of oleanolic acid, 1-3 parts of magnesium nitrate, 3-5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-2 parts of zinc gluconate, 3-4 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 1-2 parts of threonine and 1-2 parts of phenylalanine.
Further, the suture promoter consists of 70% of sodium naphthalene acetate, 10% of kinetin, 10% of zeatin and 10% of 6-benzylaminopurine.
By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following technical effects:
the invention adopts the technical plastic film for grafting to wrap the oil-tea camellia scion in advance and then graft, combines the inclined plane contact surface on the outer side of the cut scion with the improved bark-pulling cutting grafting, and wraps the oil-tea camellia scion by using the special plastic film for grafting in advance and then grafts, thereby simplifying the grafting procedure, reducing the workload of field grafting, shortening the field grafting time and effectively improving the working efficiency; the contact surface of the inclined plane at the outer side of the scion is increased, so that the mutual contact area of cambiums can be increased, and the healing capability is enhanced; the grafting method effectively solves the problems that the scions of the camellia oleifera trees are small and the grafting process is easy to break and graft, and the camellia oleifera trees grafted by the method have the advantages that the grafting procedure is simplified, the time of the scion cut exposed in the air is shortened, so that the grafting survival rate is remarkably improved, and the grafting survival rate is improved to more than 97% from about 70% in other grafting methods; in addition, the scion is wrapped in advance, so that the probability of breaking the scion in the grafting process is reduced, the scion consumption is effectively saved, and the scion cost is reduced. After the two technical measures are combined, the working efficiency and the grafting survival rate are greatly improved, and the grafting cost is greatly reduced.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, preferred embodiments are given and the present invention is described in further detail. It should be noted, however, that the numerous details set forth in the description are merely for the purpose of providing the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, which may be practiced without these specific details.
A method for grafting a camellia oleifera tree comprises the following steps:
step 1: the grafting time is 6-7 months, scions are cultivated, a good camellia oleifera variety suitable for local site and climatic conditions is selected as a stock plant to cultivate the scions, and the key measures in the cultivation process of the superior tree stock plant are fertilizing the stock plant 12-15 months in advance and performing strong shearing and retraction to promote more new shoots and cultivate thick and strong scions. Then collecting the scions from the cultivated mother trees, and pre-wrapping the scions by using a special grafting plastic film.
Step 2: selecting rootstocks, selecting 15-35 years old camellia oleifera trees which grow vigorously and have no diseases and insect pests as the rootstocks, and selecting 3-4 main branches with the branch diameter of 2-8 cm as rootstock branches on the rootstocks. Sawing off the rootstock at a position 80-120 cm away from the ground, and generally reserving 1-3 main branches for each clump of camellia oleifera;
and step 3: and (3) grafting, cutting two cutters longitudinally along the lateral bark part from the top section of the stock downwards after the stock is cut off, wherein the opening width is equivalent to the diameter of the scion and the length is 3-5 cm, pressing the cutting edge of the grafting cutter into the bark part to the xylem along the cutting line, and peeling the bark part and the xylem of the stock by the cutting edge with the help of force. Cutting an inclined plane of the pre-wrapped scion at an angle of 45 degrees from a position of about 0.3 cm at the base part, cutting a cortex layer of about 0.3 cm at the upper end of the inclined plane, reversing the scion by 180 degrees, cutting the cortex layer of the unmasked part at the back of the scion along the longitudinal direction, butting the peeled side of the scion with the cut of the stock, aligning the scion with the cambium layer of the stock, and wrapping the cut cortex layer of the stock on the outer side of the scion by using a plastic film strip;
before grafting, the base part of the scion is soaked by the cut scion by using a grafting soaking agent, wherein the grafting soaking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of oleanolic acid, 1-3 parts of magnesium nitrate, 3-5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-2 parts of zinc gluconate, 3-4 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 1-2 parts of threonine and 1-2 parts of phenylalanine. The suture promoter consists of 70% of sodium naphthalene acetate, 10% of kinetin, 10% of zeatin and 10% of 6-benzylaminopurine.
And 4, step 4: when the graft mouth grows callus, the needle tube penetrates the film to inject the seam promoting mixture into the graft mouth, and then the stock is subjected to bud removal and fertilization management.
The invention provides a high-position crown-changing grafting method for a camellia oleifera nursery stock and a low-yield camellia oleifera large tree. The method has the key points that the oil-tea camellia scion is wrapped by using a special plastic film for grafting in advance and then grafted, the inclined surface contact surface on the outer side of the cut scion is increased and combined with the improved bark pulling and cutting, and the oil-tea camellia scion is wrapped by using the special plastic film for grafting in advance and then grafted, so that the grafting program can be simplified, the field grafting workload is reduced, the field grafting time is shortened, and the working efficiency is effectively improved; the contact surface of the inclined plane at the outer side of the scion is increased, so that the mutual contact area of cambiums can be increased, and the healing capability is enhanced; the traditional grafting method is improved into bark pulling cutting grafting, the bark of the stock is used for reversely wrapping the outer side cutting surface of the scion, the cambium contact area is increased, and the grafting survival rate is improved. The grafting method effectively solves the problems that the scions of the camellia oleifera trees are small and the grafting process is easy to break and graft. The oil-tea tree grafted by the method has the advantages that the grafting procedure is simplified, and the time of exposing scion cuts to the air is shortened, so that the grafting survival rate is remarkably improved and is improved to more than 97% from about 70% in other grafting methods; in addition, the scion is wrapped in advance, so that the probability of breaking the scion in the grafting process is reduced, the scion consumption is effectively saved, and the scion cost is reduced. After the two technical measures are combined, the working efficiency and the grafting survival rate are greatly improved, and the grafting cost is greatly reduced.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be construed as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A method for grafting a camellia oleifera tree is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: cultivating a stock plant of the superior tree, and collecting scions from the cultivated stock plant;
step 2: selecting rootstocks, selecting tea-oil trees which have vigorous growth potential and do not have diseases and insect pests for 30-50 years as the rootstocks, carrying out stock cutting treatment on old tea-oil trees in 6-7 months, and selecting 3-4 trunks with diameters of 2-8 cm as the rootstocks;
and step 3: grafting, namely butting the peeled side of the scion with the cut of the stock, aligning the scion with the cambium of the stock, and wrapping the cortex of the cut of the stock outside the scion by using a plastic film;
and 4, step 4: when the graft mouth grows callus, the needle tube penetrates the film to inject the suturing promoting agent into the graft mouth, and then the stock is subjected to sprout removal and fertilization management.
2. The camellia oleifera grafting method according to claim 1, wherein: the process of the superior tree stock plant in the step 1 is as follows:
selecting a good variety of camellia oleifera suitable for local site and climatic conditions as a stock plant for cultivation, and taking key measures in the cultivation process of the good tree stock plant to fertilize the stock plant in advance and strongly shear and retract, so that the growth of new shoots is promoted, and robust scions are cultivated.
3. The camellia oleifera grafting method according to claim 1, wherein: the scion treatment process in the step 1 comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of shearing an annual branch with thick and strong branch and plump axillary buds from a stock plant, shearing leaves from the base of a leaf stalk, cutting the annual branch into scions with the length of 3-5 cm and 2-3 plump bud eyes, and binding the cut scions by using a special plastic film for grafting to rotate upwards from the lower part 1/3.
4. The camellia oleifera grafting method according to claim 1, wherein: the rootstock opening process in the step 2 is as follows: the old oil tea tree is subjected to stock breaking treatment at a position 80-120 cm away from the ground, two cutters are longitudinally cut from the top section of the stock to the lower part along the lateral bark part after stock breaking, the opening width is equivalent to the diameter of the scion, the length is 3-5 cm, the cut edge of the grafting cutter is pressed into the cortex to the xylem along the marking line, and the bark and the xylem of the stock are peeled off by means of the cut edge.
5. The camellia oleifera tree grafting method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, before grafting, the cut scion wood is soaked in a grafting soaking agent for soaking the base part of the scion wood, wherein the grafting soaking agent is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1-2 parts of oleanolic acid, 1-3 parts of magnesium nitrate, 3-5 parts of hydroxyethyl cellulose, 2-3 parts of abscisic acid, 1-2 parts of zinc gluconate, 3-4 parts of monoammonium phosphate, 1-2 parts of threonine and 1-2 parts of phenylalanine.
6. The grafting method of the camellia oleifera tree according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, before grafting, a special grafting knife is used for cutting off the surface with smooth surface at the non-wrapped position at the lower end of the scion to the cambium without damaging the xylem; rotating the scion 180 degrees, cutting the base of the scion into a 45-degree inclined plane by using a grafting knife, and then adding a 0.2-0.3 cm cortex layer above the inclined plane of the scion.
7. The method for grafting a camellia oleifera tree according to claim 5, wherein the suture promoter consists of 70% sodium naphthaleneacetate, 10% kinetin, 10% zeatin and 10% 6-benzylaminopurine.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011160158.7A CN112262671A (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Grafting method for camellia oleifera trees |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011160158.7A CN112262671A (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Grafting method for camellia oleifera trees |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN112262671A true CN112262671A (en) | 2021-01-26 |
Family
ID=74342800
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202011160158.7A Pending CN112262671A (en) | 2020-10-27 | 2020-10-27 | Grafting method for camellia oleifera trees |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN112262671A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114916363A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-19 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Simple and efficient camellia oleifera large tree seed changing method |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000139202A (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-23 | Tsukasa Kataya | Layering of nursering stock in short period |
| JP2002262665A (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-09-17 | Satoru Nagisa | Method for proliferating blueberry by graft cutting thereof |
| CN104285680A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-01-21 | 雷炳忠 | Application of high-survival-rate high-position crown changing technology to low-yield tea-oil tree transformation |
| CN108450226A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-28 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A method of improving the big tree high position grafting survival rate of oil tea |
| CN109005978A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-12-18 | 湖北汇博生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Transformation of Oiltea Camellia Low-yield Forest method |
-
2020
- 2020-10-27 CN CN202011160158.7A patent/CN112262671A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000139202A (en) * | 1998-11-13 | 2000-05-23 | Tsukasa Kataya | Layering of nursering stock in short period |
| JP2002262665A (en) * | 2001-03-08 | 2002-09-17 | Satoru Nagisa | Method for proliferating blueberry by graft cutting thereof |
| CN104285680A (en) * | 2013-07-18 | 2015-01-21 | 雷炳忠 | Application of high-survival-rate high-position crown changing technology to low-yield tea-oil tree transformation |
| CN108450226A (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2018-08-28 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | A method of improving the big tree high position grafting survival rate of oil tea |
| CN109005978A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-12-18 | 湖北汇博生态农业开发有限公司 | A kind of Transformation of Oiltea Camellia Low-yield Forest method |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 丁美: "南岳油茶低产林改造技术研究" * |
| 农小艳: "隆林县油茶低产林高接换冠关键技术及效果" * |
| 沈清 等: "油茶断砧拉皮接" * |
| 袁中跃: "油茶拉皮切接法高枝换冠技术" * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114916363A (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2022-08-19 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Simple and efficient camellia oleifera large tree seed changing method |
| CN114916363B (en) * | 2022-05-16 | 2023-12-01 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Simple and efficient camellia oleifera big tree seed changing method |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN103039277B (en) | Bark grafting method of apocarya | |
| CN103975778B (en) | A kind of grafting Exocarpium Citri Rubrum kind seedling-growing method | |
| CN106718529B (en) | high-grafting head-changing method for walnut trees in full bearing period | |
| CN107691074B (en) | Method for promoting differentiation and development of large cherry flower buds | |
| CN101563989A (en) | Method for grafting walnut seedling | |
| CN108967014A (en) | A kind of fast rapid-result garden method for downgrading apple | |
| CN108811813B (en) | Cuttage and rapid propagation seedling raising method for sea buckthorn tender shoots | |
| CN105493906A (en) | Orange seedling grafting method | |
| CN102893811A (en) | Walnut grafting method | |
| CN107969238A (en) | The breeding method of color silk flosssilk wadding wood | |
| CN103314791A (en) | Grafting method for promoting early fruiting of pterocarpus santalinus | |
| Ernst et al. | Propagation. | |
| CN112262671A (en) | Grafting method for camellia oleifera trees | |
| CN112703951A (en) | Tea tree root stock grafting seedling method | |
| CN104041335A (en) | Improved grafting method for moringa oleifera stem grafting | |
| CN102715020A (en) | Technical method for changing apple vigorous stock young tree into permanent short stock | |
| CN1480021A (en) | Method for grafting and breeding bittertea | |
| CN110352725B (en) | Grafted prune and breeding method thereof | |
| CN113317100A (en) | Cherry round-table type close planting cultivation technology | |
| CN108738967B (en) | Rejuvenation method of fir tree dry-method cutting orchard with crown | |
| Kumar et al. | Effect of auxins and cytokinin on budding and growth of saplings of bael (Aegle marmelos Correa.)-a medicinal plant | |
| CN111183841A (en) | High grafting and replanting method for updating variety of apocarya | |
| CN111527972A (en) | Method for transforming low-effect plum garden | |
| CN105815169A (en) | Method for grafting and breeding michelia shiluensis | |
| CN105103971A (en) | Propagation method for grafting melaleuca bracteata on guava |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |