CN109673369B

CN109673369B - Jujube tree shrunken bud and weak bud grafting method

Info

Publication number: CN109673369B
Application number: CN201910139872.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 郭利民; 常聚普; 桑圣奇; 陈志宽; 王献普; 王磊; 赵海凤; 张旭亚; 苗永红; 黄运明; 杨旭琦; 张杜娟; 张志杰; 王伟东; 于利强; 张勇; 杨旭照; 魏鸿利; 李波; 孙娜
Original assignee: PUYANG ACADEMY OF FOREST
Current assignee: PUYANG ACADEMY OF FOREST
Priority date: 2019-02-26
Filing date: 2019-02-26
Publication date: 2021-08-03
Anticipated expiration: 2039-02-26
Also published as: CN109673369A

Abstract

The invention discloses a jujube tree shrunken bud and weak bud grafting method, which adopts a double-tongue grafting method, and comprises the following steps of 1, scion cutting: scions are branches with shrunken buds and 2 bud eyes for 1 year, and are trimmed into scion bodies with the length of 10 cm; 2. cutting the lower end of the scion body into a first inclined plane with the length of 23cm, and upwardly cutting a notch at the upper part 1/3 at the lower end of the first inclined plane to form a tongue shape; 3. cutting off the stock at a set height, then cutting the cut into a second inclined plane with the length of 3cm, and downwardly splitting the cut at the lower part 1/3 of the top end of the second inclined plane to form a tongue shape; 4. the scion body and the stock are mutually inserted, the cambium is ensured to be aligned during insertion, and then a grafting opening is bound and sealed by a plastic tape; 5. sleeving two layers of dark plastic bags on the upper end of the grafting opening; 6. and (3) checking the sprouting condition of the scion within 15-20 days after grafting, wiping off the scion when a new bud grows to 5cm from the sprouting part of the bud eye, and then bagging for the second time. The method has the advantages of improving the grafting survival rate of the jujube trees and ensuring the success of grafting the jujube trees even if the jujube trees have shrunken buds and weak buds after grafting.

Description

Jujube tree shrunken bud and weak bud grafting method

Technical Field

The invention relates to a jujube tree grafting method, in particular to a jujube tree shrunken bud and weak bud grafting method.

Background

The grafting survival rate of the jujube trees is lower than that of general fruit trees, and in the grafting process, when shrunken buds or weak buds appear, the grafting failure is often caused. The reason is that the jujube tree has thin bark and is easy to lose water, and the root cause of low grafting survival rate of the jujube tree is caused; weak buds or shrunken buds commonly exist on the 1-2-year-old branches of the jujube trees, and the survival rate is lower. Therefore, how to increase the survival rate of the shrunken or weak buds in the grafting process of the jujube trees is a subject of research by the technicians in the field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for grafting weak buds and shrunken buds of a jujube tree, which can improve the success rate of grafting the weak buds or shrunken buds of the jujube tree.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the invention relates to a jujube tree shrunken bud and weak bud grafting method, which adopts a double-tongue grafting method and comprises the following steps:

step 1, scion cutting: scions are strong branches without disease and insect damage and with 1-2 bud eyes, which grow shrunken buds or weak buds in 1-2 years, are trimmed into scions with the length of 10-15 cm, and then cuts at two ends are sealed by paraffin;

step 2, during grafting, cutting a lower end cut of the scion body into a first inclined plane with the length of 2cm-3cm, and then upwardly cutting a cut at the upper part 1/3 at the lower end of the bottom of the first inclined plane to form a tongue shape;

step 3, stock cutting: selecting a rootstock with the diameter equal to or larger than the diameter of the scion body; firstly, cutting off the rootstock at a set height, then cutting the cut into a second inclined plane with the length of 2cm-3cm, and downwardly cutting the cut at the lower part 1/3 of the top end of the second inclined plane to form a tongue shape;

step 4, butt joint of the stock and the spike: the scion cut in the step 2 and the rootstock cut in the step 3 are mutually inserted, the forming layer is guaranteed to be aligned during the insertion, then the scion is pressed downwards until the two cutting surfaces are superposed and the two tongues are clamped with each other, and then the grafting opening is bound and sealed by a plastic tape;

step 5, sleeving two layers of dark plastic bags at the upper end of the grafting opening, sleeving the scion body and the grafting part together, and binding the lower ports of the two layers of dark plastic bags on the rootstock;

step 6, checking the sprouting condition of the scion within 15-20 days after grafting, when a new bud grows to 2-5cm from the sprouting part of a bud eye, selecting two layers of dark plastic bags before ten am or four pm after, wiping off the new bud, then bagging for the second time, and fastening and sealing the lower end; and in 15-20 days later, after secondary buds grow out from the healed tissues, breaking the bag for ten am or four pm later, and assisting and supporting the secondary newly-grown branches on attachments in time.

In step 6, the plastic bag selected by the secondary bagging is a transparent plastic bag.

The method has the advantages of improving the grafting survival rate of the jujube trees and ensuring the success of grafting the jujube trees even if the jujube trees have shrunken buds and weak buds after grafting. Meanwhile, by adopting a double-tongue grafting method, the cambium contact surface at the butt joint of the anvil and the spike is large, the healing is fast, and the combination is firm.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the scion body manufactured in step 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rootstock manufactured in step 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of two layers of dark plastic bags sleeved on the upper end of the grafting opening.

FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the growth of 2 to 5cm of the sprout according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of secondary sprout outgrowth from the callus after the sprout of the invention has been removed.

Detailed Description

The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings, which are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation procedures are provided, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

The invention relates to a jujube tree sprout-shrinking and weak-sprout grafting method, which adopts a double-tongue grafting method, wherein the middle area of China selects the sprouting period of a jujube tree in the first ten days of 4 months in the grafting period, and the specific steps are as follows:

step 2, as shown in figure 1, during grafting, cutting a lower end cut of the scion body 1 into a first inclined plane 2 with the length of 2cm-3cm, and then upwardly cutting a cut 3 at the upper part 1/3 at the lower end of the first inclined plane 2 to form a tongue shape;

step 3, as shown in fig. 2, stock cutting: selecting a rootstock 4 with the diameter equal to or slightly larger than that of the scion body 1; firstly, cutting off the rootstock 4 at a set height, then cutting a notch into a second inclined plane 5 with the length of 2cm-3cm, and downwards cutting a notch 6 at the lower part 1/3 of the top end of the second inclined plane 5 to form a tongue shape;

step 4, as shown in fig. 3, butt-jointing the anvil and the spike: the scion cut in the step 2 and the rootstock cut in the step 3 are mutually inserted, the cambium is ensured to be aligned during the insertion, then the scion is pressed downwards until the two cutting surfaces are superposed and the two tongues are clamped with each other, and then the grafting opening is bound and sealed by a plastic tape 7;

step 5, as shown in fig. 3, sleeving two layers of dark plastic bags 8 at the upper end of the grafting opening, sleeving the scion body 1 and the grafting part together, and binding the lower ports 9 of the two layers of dark plastic bags 8 on the rootstock 4;

and 6, as shown in figure 4, checking the sprouting condition of the scion within 15-20 days after grafting, when a new bud 10 at the sprouting part of a bud eye grows to be 2-5cm, untying two layers of dark plastic bags 8 before ten am or four afternoons, wiping the new bud, then bagging for the second time, tightly binding and sealing the lower end, and using a transparent plastic bag for bagging for the second time to facilitate the sprouting and growth of the new bud 11 for the second time.

As shown in figure 5, within 15-20 days after the secondary bagging, the secondary buds 11 grow out of the healed tissue, the bag is broken, and the secondary new shoots are timely helped to be attached to attachments.

Claims

1. A jujube tree shrunken bud and weak bud grafting method is characterized in that: adopts a double-tongue grafting method and comprises the following steps:

step 5, sleeving two layers of deep-color plastic bags at the upper end of the grafting opening, sleeving the scion body 1 and the grafting part together, and binding the lower ports of the two layers of deep-color plastic bags on the rootstock;

step 6, checking the sprouting condition of the scion within 15-20 days after grafting, when a new bud grows to 2-5cm from the sprouting part of a bud eye, selecting two layers of dark plastic bags before ten am or after four pm, wiping off the new bud, immediately bagging for the second time, selecting a transparent plastic bag for the second bagging, and tightly binding and sealing the lower end of the transparent plastic bag; and in 15-20 days later, after secondary buds grow out from the healed tissues, breaking the bag, and helping the secondary newly-grown branches to be supported on attachments in time before ten am or four pm.