CN105248153B - " scissors " whip grafting - Google Patents
" scissors " whip grafting Download PDFInfo
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- CN105248153B CN105248153B CN201510667491.XA CN201510667491A CN105248153B CN 105248153 B CN105248153 B CN 105248153B CN 201510667491 A CN201510667491 A CN 201510667491A CN 105248153 B CN105248153 B CN 105248153B
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- scion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of new graft technology " scissors " whip grafting, sword is reopened, cut the step such as wooden long short face scion, cut anvil, either long or short grafting, wide film sealing binding, the dazzling dew tip by grinding scissors and change grafting method, the use that changes grafting tool, the security for adding grafting operation, the utilization rate simplify grafting operation, improve grafting efficiency, improving scion.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fruit-tree grafting field, is specially a kind of " scissors " whip grafting.
Background technology
One of grafting, the artificial nutrition propagation method of plant, i.e., the branch or bud of a kind of plant, it is grafted onto another plant
Stem or root on, two parts for making to be connected together grow up to a complete plant.The mode of grafting is divided into scion grafting and bud connects, and transfers
When connecing the forming layer of scion and stock should be made to combine closely, to ensure that scion survives.The branch or bud connected, is called scion,
The plant connect, is called stock or platform wood, and the bud in scion sprouts the top or top as plant, after stock grafting into
For the root system part of plant.The application of graft technology is also constantly expanding, in addition to fruit tree and ornamental trees, herbaceous plant
Such as vegetables and forest are increasing with other economic plants such as rubber tree, cocoa chocolate tree application grafting.
Scion grafting is one section with elite stand branch(There must be 1~3 bud on branch), base portion is whittled into is easy to contiguity with stock otch
Bevel, it is inserted into the otch of stock, notices that anvil fringe forming layer coincide to body, and bondage earthing, is allowed to combine and survives to be new
Plant.General before grafting first to seal scion with paraffin, grafting procedures are typically operated using special grafting knife.Scion grafting is made
For a kind of major way of grafting, it is divided into cut-grafting, cleft grafting, cortex grafting, whip graft etc..
Cut-grafting:Scion is first whittled into wedge shape during grafting, two section length and width are consistent, and length is depending on the thickness of scion, slightly
2 ~ 2.5cm, 1.5 thin ~ 2cm, then cut one away from 1cm suitable for reading or so place is tiltedly lower on stock according to the length and width of scion section
Otch together with road length and width are basically identical with scion section, then scion is inserted in the otch of stock, preferably three faces can
Alignment, as beginner can not three faces all align when, it is also necessary to by any one side and the cortex of top anvil fringe(Forming layer)Alignment;
Finally pricked with plastic foil tight.Cleft grafting:Scion is first whittled into two symmetrical inclined-planes.It is 2.5 ~ 3cm to make section
Wedge shape, it is desirable to which section is straight, smooth, cleaning, and branch skin can not tilt, while requires that the outside face stayed should be slightly wider than place face;
Then firmly a knife is split at the center of stock from top to bottom, depth is that 2.5 ~ 3cm is advisable, and pries open rootstock opening-cleaving, by scion from upper
And lower insertion stock, pay attention to the cortex for making scion and stock(Forming layer)Align and it is closely coincide, it is finally thin with plastics
Film is tied up tight.Notch graft:(Also it is cortex grafting)Suitable for root grafting, grafting near the ground and height connect.Operating method is:First
Scion one side is whittled into a length about 3cm section, it is standby to cut a length about 0.5cm small section again on base portion opposite,
Then smooth unramified one side is selected on stock;The vertical partial application from suitable for reading with grafting knife, as deep as xylem, length is about
2.5cm.After cutting, the scion cut is inserted between the cortex of stock and xylem from top to bottom, notices that length faces xylem.
Insertion depth exposes 0.3cm sections with scion top(Show money or valuables one carries unintentionally)It is advisable.Finally forbidden with plastic foil bondage.Whip graft.It is called
Double whip grafts, this method is used when anvil fringe rugosity is suitable, long 3.5-4.5cm horse ear shape bevel is cut out on stock, on bevel
An otch for being about 2cm is cut vertically downward at 1/3rd length of end, and it is identical that scion and stock cut method, then that anvil, fringe is large and small
Until fitting like a glove, two tongue pieces are clamped against one another for bevel alignment insertion, if anvil fringe rugosity, can make side forming layer alignment,
Then tightened with plastic strip Bao Yan.
The scion grafting mode that uses at present typically requires scion length in more than 8cm and at least 1-3 healthy and strong buds now, right
It is unfavorable for fast breeding when some rare kind scion are limited.Operating process uses special grafting knife, grafting knife very cutting edge of a knife or a sword
Profit, in grafting procedures to cut operation more.Often because operational error causes to anticipate in study grafting operation and grafting procedures
Outer injury, cuts that operation is relatively more and operation difficulty is bigger in grafting procedures, and one seedling of grafting takes longer cause grafting
Habit difficulty is larger, grafting procedures operating efficiencies are relatively low.
The content of the invention
The present invention is directed to above weak point, there is provided a kind of new graft technology -- and " scissors " whip grafting, change and transfer
The use of bonding tool, the security for adding grafting operation, grafting operation is simplified, grafting efficiency is improved, improves scion
Utilization rate.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:A kind of " scissors " whip grafting, includes following step
Suddenly:
(1)Grind scissors and reopen sword, fruit is cut and put the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors again, angle of putting the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors is 8-10 degree;
(2)Long short face scion is cut, late March, selection and the basically identical scion bar of stock rugosity are arrived at the beginning of 3 months, in stalwartness
The 1cm fruit handled well with the first step of place is cut with scion branch into 15 degree of angle montage fringes under scion bud, forms 3-4cm long pruning
Mouth face;In the place of the long clip face back side distance clip face tip length of 34, cut with fruit with scion into 15 degree of angle montage fringes,
Form 1.5-2.5cm short clip face;Finally cut in the top 0.5cm of scion bud place with fruit, obtaining has two
The long long 2-3cm in clip face in clip face, the long 1.5-2.5cm in short clip face, strong bud simple bud scion grafting scion;
(3)Cut anvil wood, needs grafting part to be cut with fruit and all wipes out part more than grafting part in stock, and clip will
It is flat, in the place of the 1-1.5cm below clip plane, cut with fruit and do into 15 degree of angle cut anvil wood with stock, form 2.5-
The grafting clip that 3.5cm is long, depth is the 2-2 3 of stock 1;
(4)Either long or short grafting, the long clip of the scion of second step clip is inward-facing(Short clip faces out)Insert the 3rd
In the montage clip for walking shearing;Pay attention to:Ensure that stock aligns with scion at least side forming layer;
(5)Wide film sealing binding, with the white polyethylene plastics that a width of 10cm, thickness are 0.002mm by graft union, stock
Top, scion all binding sealings;Pay attention to:It not expose bud necessarily in binding seal process;
(6)The dazzling dew tip, scion bud is sprouted when 1 month after the completion of FOUR EASY STEPS caused by young sprout fail breakthrough the
The aperture for gently choosing out a wide 5mm in the top-film of the tip with toothpick of the film of five step bondages.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The angle of putting the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors that the fruit that we can commercially buy at present is cut is generally 15-20 degree, and such fruit is cut due to opening
Basil degree is too big, and the clip face that fruit cuts is uneven, the too short raising for being unfavorable for grafting operation, graft survival rate in clip face, institute
It is not all right for " scissors " whip grafting grafting.By the first step, grind the angle of putting the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors that fruit is cut in the operation that fruit is cut and be changed to 8-10
Degree, the operation that whole grafting operation is all cut with fruit and only cut with fruit, change traditional engrafting method to grafting knife and
Using the present situation for the operation cut so that the operation difficulty of the operation of whole grafting, learning difficulty significantly reduce, the work effect of grafting
Rate significantly improves, and comparing result is as shown in Table 1:
One conventional fruit of table cut and put the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors consequence cut graft survival rate and grafting efficiency contrast
Graft survival rate(%) | Grafting efficiency(Strain/day) | |
Conventional fruit is cut(15-20 degree) | 50 | 800 |
Consequence of putting the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors is cut(8-10 degree) | 95 | 2300 |
Second step is cut with fruit and scion is cut into 1 long clip face, one short clip face and long and short clip face length phase
Poor 0.5cm triangular belt one strengthens the scion of bud, closely can combine to significantly improve with graft union caused by the operation of the 3rd step and transfer
It is connected into motility rate;
The angle that the control of 3rd step is cut, which is allowed to identical with the angle that second step is cut, can significantly improve the 4th step grafting operation
When stock and the pairing degree of scion significantly improve grafting efficiency, cut clip that operation formed in stock rugosity additionally, due to control
1 2-2 3, the power that the branches of clip both sides has very big reset enable in the 4th step grafting operation stock with scion more
Closely fitting, so as to improve graft survival rate.4th step grafting operation faced by controlling long clip in, short clip faces outwardly
Being bonded for stock and scion can preferably be realized.At least ensure that forming layer alignment in side can ensure when stock and scion rugosity
The survival rate of grafting can be ensured when improper.
Two different bevels of table cut face cion survival rate and efficiency comparative
Grafting survival(%) | Into fringe efficiency(Individual/day) | |
Isometric bevel | 65 | 1700 |
Length bevel | 90 | 1700 |
Deng long pruning face | 67 | 4000 |
Length cuts face | 93 | 3700 |
It for 2-3cm is plastic foil is that width is 10cm plastics that the traditional scion grafting of operation change of 5th step binding, which uses width,
Can be on the premise of the main function for ensureing binding is seals graft union to ensure the dead major function of the unlikely dehydration of grafting
Reduce the action wound in bundling operation and significantly improve operating efficiency.Traditional spring scion grafting is typically all using paraffin sealing scion
Scion is avoided to influence graft survival rate because dehydration is dead, and this patent is sealed scion bud using 0.002mm plastic sheeting,
Can the unlikely dehydration of scion it is dead, and can ensure scion bud sprout caused by branch can encircle brokenly film, general nature arch naturally
The ratio of broken film can reach more than 95%.
Table three uses different-thickness film bondage graft survival rate and efficiency comparative
Graft survival rate(%) | Bundle efficiency(Strain/day) | |
Narrow thick film dew bud binding | 85 | 1750 |
Wide diaphragm seal binding | 95 | 4400 |
The part branch energy for ensureing to fail the broken film of nature arch under the operation of the 5th step can be done by the dazzling dew tip of the 6th step
It is enough smoothly to grow.
The different grafting methods efficiency of table four and survival rate contrast.
Learning time(d) | Daily being capable of grafting strain number(Strain) | It is connected into motility rate(%) | |
" scissors whip grafting | 2 | 2000-2500 | 90 |
Cut-grafting method | 5 | 300-500 | 80 |
Cleft graft | 3 | 200-400 | 75 |
Cortex grafting method | 3 | 300-400 | 85 |
Tongue grafting | 10 | 300-600 | 85 |
Embodiment
Embodiment 1, hupehensis Rehd " scissors " whip grafting grafting cigarette No. three apple seedlings of richness
Late March is arrived at the beginning of 3 months 2013, the cigarette richness No. three scion bars basically identical with stock rugosity is chosen, is connect in stalwartness
1cm places are cut with scion branch into 15 degree of angle montage fringes with fruit under fringe bud, form 3-4cm long clip face.Carried on the back in long clip face
Identity distance is cut with scion into 15 degree of montage fringes with fruit from the place of the long clip face tip length of 34, forms the short of 1.5-2.5cm and cut
Mouth face.Cut to turn into fruit in the top 0.5cm of scion bud place and there is the long long 2-3cm in clip face, short clip face length
Two clip faces of 1.5-2.5cm, the simple bud scion grafting scion of strong bud.Stock hupehensis Rehd need grafting part with fruit cut by
Part more than grafting part is all wiped out, and clip will be put down.In the place of the 1-1.5cm below clip plane, with fruit cut with
Stock does into 15 degree of angle cut anvil wood, forms the grafting clip that 2.5-3.5cm is long, depth is the 2-2 3 of stock 1.The long clip of scion
It is inward-facing(Short clip faces out)Insertion is connect in clip.Pay attention to:Ensure that stock aligns with scion at least side forming layer.With a width of
All binding seals by graft union, stock top, scion for 10cm, the white polyethylene plastics that thickness is 0.002mm.Pay attention to:Bundle
Tying up not expose bud necessarily in seal process.Young sprout caused by being sprouted after the completion of grafting at 1 month to scion bud fails breakthrough the
The aperture for gently choosing out a wide 5mm in the top-film of the tip with toothpick of the film of five step bondages.
Embodiment 2, mountain wild peach " scissors " whip grafting grafting middle peasant Jin Hui
Late March, selection and the basically identical middle peasant's Jin Hui scion bars of stock rugosity are arrived at the beginning of 3 months 2013, is connect in stalwartness
1cm places are cut with scion branch into 15 degree of angle montage fringes with fruit under fringe bud, form 3-4cm long clip face.Carried on the back in long clip face
Identity distance is cut with scion into 15 degree of montage fringes with fruit from the place of the long clip face tip length of 34, forms the short of 1.5-2.5cm and cut
Mouth face.Cut to turn into fruit in the top 0.5cm of scion bud place and there is the long long 2-3cm in clip face, short clip face length
Two clip faces of 1.5-2.5cm, the simple bud scion grafting scion of strong bud.On stock mountain, wild peach needs grafting part to be cut and will be transferred with fruit
Part more than socket part position is all wiped out, and clip will be put down.In the place of the 1-1.5cm below clip plane, cut with fruit and anvil
Wood does into 15 degree of angle cut anvil wood, forms the grafting clip that 2.5-3.5cm is long, depth is the 2-2 3 of stock 1.The long clip face of scion
Inwardly(Short clip faces out)Insertion is connect in clip.Pay attention to:Ensure that stock aligns with scion at least side forming layer.With a width of
All binding seals by graft union, stock top, scion for 10cm, the white polyethylene plastics that thickness is 0.002mm.Pay attention to:Bundle
Tying up not expose bud necessarily in seal process.Young sprout caused by being sprouted after the completion of grafting at 1 month to scion bud fails breakthrough the
The aperture for gently choosing out a wide 5mm in the top-film of the tip with toothpick of the film of five step bondages.
Embodiment 3, Chinese wax is docked to local Chinese wax " scissors " whip grafting grafting high and changing head
Arrive late March at the beginning of 3 months 2013, choose with stock rugosity it is basically identical dock Chinese wax scion bar, connect in stalwartness
1cm places are cut with scion branch into 15 degree of angle montage fringes with fruit under fringe bud, form 3-4cm long clip face.Carried on the back in long clip face
Identity distance is cut with scion into 15 degree of montage fringes with fruit from the place of the long clip face tip length of 34, forms the short of 1.5-2.5cm and cut
Mouth face.Cut to turn into fruit in the top 0.5cm of scion bud place and there is the long long 2-3cm in clip face, short clip face length
Two clip faces of 1.5-2.5cm, the simple bud scion grafting scion of strong bud.The local big tree annual shoot of Chinese wax needs grafting part to use
Fruit, which is cut, all wipes out part more than grafting part, and clip will be put down.In the place of the 1-1.5cm below clip plane, use
Fruit is cut does into 15 degree of angle cut anvil wood with stock, forms the grafting clip that 2.5-3.5cm is long, depth is the 2-2 3 of stock 1.Scion
Long clip is inward-facing(Short clip faces out)Insertion is connect in clip.Pay attention to:Ensure that stock aligns with scion at least side forming layer.
With the white polyethylene plastics that a width of 10cm, thickness are 0.002mm, by graft union, stock top, scion, all binding seals.Note
Meaning:It not expose bud necessarily in binding seal process.Young sprout caused by being sprouted after the completion of grafting at 1 month to scion bud fails to dash forward
The aperture for gently choosing out a wide 5mm in the top-film of the tip with toothpick of the film of broken 5th step bondage.
Embodiment 4, the old stake of apricot " scissors " whip grafting grafting high and changing head weeping branch plum blossom
Late March, selection and the basically identical weeping branch plum blossom scion bar of stock rugosity are arrived at the beginning of 3 months 2012, is connect in stalwartness
1cm places are cut with scion branch into 15 degree of angle montage fringes with fruit under fringe bud, form 3-4cm long clip face.Carried on the back in long clip face
Identity distance is cut with scion into 15 degree of montage fringes with fruit from the place of the long clip face tip length of 34, forms the short of 1.5-2.5cm and cut
Mouth face.Cut to turn into fruit in the top 0.5cm of scion bud place and there is the long long 2-3cm in clip face, short clip face length
Two clip faces of 1.5-2.5cm, the simple bud scion grafting scion of strong bud.The old stake annual shoot of apricot needs grafting part to be cut with fruit
Part more than grafting part is all wiped out, clip will be put down.In the place of the 1-1.5cm below clip plane, cut with fruit
15 degree of angle cut anvil wood are done into stock, form the grafting clip that 2.5-3.5cm is long, depth is the 2-2 3 of stock 1.Scion long pruning
Mouth is inward-facing(Short clip faces out)Insertion is connect in clip.Pay attention to:Ensure that stock aligns with scion at least side forming layer.With width
For the white polyethylene plastics that 10cm, thickness are 0.002mm, by graft union, stock top, scion, all binding seals.Pay attention to:
It not expose bud necessarily in binding seal process.Young sprout caused by being sprouted after the completion of grafting at 1 month to scion bud fails to break through
The aperture for gently choosing out a wide 5mm in the top-film of the tip with toothpick of the film of 5th step bondage.
Embodiment 5, big tree " scissors " the whip grafting height of large cherry connect F. pendula Bean
Late March, selection and the basically identical F. pendula Bean scion bar of stock rugosity are arrived at the beginning of 3 months 2012, is connect in stalwartness
1cm places are cut with scion branch into 15 degree of angle montage fringes with fruit under fringe bud, form 3-4cm long clip face.Carried on the back in long clip face
Identity distance is cut with scion into 15 degree of montage fringes with fruit from the place of the long clip face tip length of 34, forms the short of 1.5-2.5cm and cut
Mouth face.Cut to turn into fruit in the top 0.5cm of scion bud place and there is the long long 2-3cm in clip face, short clip face length
Two clip faces of 1.5-2.5cm, the simple bud scion grafting scion of strong bud.Large cherry annual shoot need grafting part with fruit cut by
Part more than grafting part is all wiped out, and clip will be put down.In the place of the 1-1.5cm below clip plane, with fruit cut with
Stock does into 15 degree of angle cut anvil wood, forms the grafting clip that 2.5-3.5cm is long, depth is the 2-2 3 of stock 1.The long clip of scion
It is inward-facing(Short clip faces out)Insertion is connect in clip.Pay attention to:Ensure that stock aligns with scion at least side forming layer.With a width of
All binding seals by graft union, stock top, scion for 10cm, the white polyethylene plastics that thickness is 0.002mm.Pay attention to:Bundle
Tying up not expose bud necessarily in seal process.Young sprout caused by being sprouted after the completion of grafting at 1 month to scion bud fails breakthrough the
The aperture for gently choosing out a wide 5mm in the top-film of the tip with toothpick of the film of five step bondages.
Certainly, described above is not limitation of the present invention, and the present invention is also not limited to the example above, this technology neck
The variations, modifications, additions or substitutions that the technical staff in domain is made in the essential scope of the present invention, it should also belong to the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of " scissors " whip grafting, it is characterised in that comprising having the following steps:
(1)Grind scissors and reopen sword, fruit is cut and put the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors again, angle of putting the first edge on a knife or a pair of scissors is 8-10 degree;
(2)Long short face scion is cut, late March, selection and the basically identical scion bar of stock rugosity are arrived at the beginning of 3 months, in healthy and strong scion
The 1cm fruit handled well with the first step of place is cut with scion branch into 15 degree of angle montage fringes under bud, forms 3-4cm long clip
Face;In the place of sophisticated 3/ 4 length in long clip face back side distance clip face, cut with fruit with scion into 15 degree of angle montage fringes, shape
Into 1.5-2.5cm short clip face;Finally cut in the top 0.5cm of scion bud place with fruit, obtaining, which has two, cuts
Mouthful face, the long long 2-3cm in clip face, the long 1.5-2.5cm in short clip face, strong bud simple bud scion grafting scion;
(3)Cut anvil wood, needs grafting part to be cut with fruit and all wipes out part more than grafting part in stock, and clip will be put down,
In the place of the 1-1.5cm below clip plane, cut with fruit and do into 15 degree of angle cut anvil wood with stock, form 2.5-3.5cm
Long, depth is the grafting clip of stock 1/ 2-2/ 3;
(4)Either long or short grafting, the long clip of the scion of second step clip is inward-facing, and short clip is faced out, and the 3rd step of insertion is cut
In the montage clip cut;Pay attention to:Ensure that stock aligns with scion at least side forming layer;
(5)Wide film sealing binding, with the white polyethylene plastics that a width of 10cm, thickness are 0.002mm by graft union, stock top
End, scion all binding sealings;Pay attention to:It not expose bud necessarily in binding seal process;
(6)The dazzling dew tip, young sprout caused by the sprouting of scion bud is failed to break through the 5th step when 1 month after the completion of FOUR EASY STEPS
The aperture for gently choosing out a wide 5mm in the top-film of the tip with toothpick of the film of bondage.
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CN201510667491.XA CN105248153B (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | " scissors " whip grafting |
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CN201510667491.XA CN105248153B (en) | 2015-10-16 | 2015-10-16 | " scissors " whip grafting |
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CN105248153B true CN105248153B (en) | 2018-01-05 |
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CN114521407A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-05-24 | 中国热带农业科学院香料饮料研究所 | Grafting method of partridge tea seedlings |
CN116076253A (en) * | 2022-12-19 | 2023-05-09 | 河源职业技术学院 | Novel grafting technique 'scissors' type branch grafting method |
Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102265755A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-07 | 南京农业大学 | Convenient and fast grafting method of pear tree |
CN103704031A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Cultivation method for quick forming of top positioning grafting trellis pears |
CN104025914A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-10 | 太仓市惠其农机专业合作社 | Rambutan grafting method |
CN204217531U (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-03-25 | 成都惠丰生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of garden shears with cutting function |
CN104737832A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-01 | 辽宁省果树科学研究所 | Apple tree grafting method |
-
2015
- 2015-10-16 CN CN201510667491.XA patent/CN105248153B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102265755A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-12-07 | 南京农业大学 | Convenient and fast grafting method of pear tree |
CN103704031A (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2014-04-09 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Cultivation method for quick forming of top positioning grafting trellis pears |
CN104025914A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2014-09-10 | 太仓市惠其农机专业合作社 | Rambutan grafting method |
CN204217531U (en) * | 2014-09-24 | 2015-03-25 | 成都惠丰生态农业科技有限公司 | A kind of garden shears with cutting function |
CN104737832A (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2015-07-01 | 辽宁省果树科学研究所 | Apple tree grafting method |
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