KR20070112311A - The plant grafting avocado and oak family method for cultivating avocado - Google Patents

Abstract

A method of grafting avocados(Persea americana) and oak trees for cultivation of avocados is provided to increase the growth rate as compared with conventional cultivation methods of more than 6 years and prevent damage generated by conventional avocado cultivation methods with drawbacks of a shallow-rooted tree. A grafting between avocados and oak trees for cultivation of avocados is performed by the steps of: preparing cuttings by collecting a bud, branch and new bud of avocados; selecting oak trees and preparing a stock; grafting the cuttings of avocados onto the stock of oak trees by a desired method; and keeping the grafted portion at the proper temperature to promote rooting. The grafting method is selected from bud grafting, shoot grafting, veneer grafting, cleft or wedge grafting, side grafting, whip grafting, top grafting, approach grafting and cut grafting. The oak trees are selected from Quercus acutissima Carruthers., Quercus dentata Thunb., Quercus acutissima Carruth., Castanea crenata Sieb. et Zucc., Fagus engleriana Seemen ex Diels and the like.

Description

The Plant Grafting Avocado And Oak Family Method For Cultivating Avocado}

1 is a view showing a state for explaining the preparation process of the ground according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a view showing a state for explaining the preparation process of the tree that is the ground of the ground of Figure 1 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which the ground of FIG. 1 is combined with the tree of FIG. 2.

4 is a view showing a grounding state in the form of Δ to explain the preparation process of the ground according to another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is a state prepared in the form of the △ form of the base of the ground of Figure 4 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which the ground of FIG. 4 is combined with the tree of FIG. 5.

<Description of Symbols for Main Parts of Drawings>

A: Avocado eggplant collected

B: Lateral state prepared by grounding avocado branches

C: Frontal state prepared by grounding avocado branches

D: Front view with chestnuts cut horizontally

E: Formed to ground for easy engagement with ground (B, C)

F: Grafting state combined with ground (B, C) and large tree (E)

G: The grafting part of F is fixed with grafting strap

H: State in △ form for grounding from avocado branches

I: Frontal state prepared with avocado branches in a △ -shaped ground

J: Frontal state prepared with avocado branches in △ form ground

K: Frontal state prepared with △ -shaped tree in chestnut

L: Lateral state prepared by the tree of △ type in chestnut

M: Grafting state combined with ground (I, J) and large tree (K, L)

G: Fixed the grafting part of M with grafting strap

The present invention grafting avocados and oaks for avocado cultivation to manage the avocado cultivation by grafting the eyes, branches, sprouts, etc. of the avocado and the base of the ground to the avocado grafting friendly oakaceae It is about a method.

Avocado is scientific name; Persea americana, a dicotyledonous plant of the genus Buttercup, a tree of Camphoraceae. It is also called Crocodile Pear because of its rugged shell like crocodile's back. It is native to Mexico and South America, and flowers bloom in cones. It is cultivated for edible fruit. The fruit is greenish brown, purplish black, etc., and it is round, elliptical or pear-like and 10 ~ 15cm long. Seeds are contained one by one and are very large. The pulp is soft and buttery yellow with a distinctive scent. In addition, the pulp is said to be the most nutritious fruit in the Guinness Book of Records. It contains about 30% fat, many carbohydrates and proteins, and is high in vitamins. It is used for making sauces or as a cooking ingredient, such as salads, and is often used for bread or avocado oil. More than 500 varieties have been developed, but they are divided into three categories, Guatemala, West India, and Mexico. It is planted in Central America and West Indies, and is distributed in California and Florida in the United States.

On the other hand, avocados are tropical and subtropical plants, and in order to cultivate fruit trees in countries where avocados are not grown, seeds or seedlings must be imported from countries where avocados are produced. In this case, seedlings have to bear enormous economic burdens such as labor costs and transportation costs because they have to increase their quantity more than seeds, and the conventional avocado cultivation method also provides sunshine, temperature, humidity, and nutrients from germination to first fruiting after seeding. A new avocado cultivation method that can improve the disadvantages of the conventional avocado cultivation method has been a problem such that it takes a long time more than six years in the optimum environment.

On the other hand, in the Korean Patent Application No. 10-2002-0007804, "Development of owl tree cultivation technology using grafting" and Republic of Korea Patent Registration No. 10-0431498 of `` Oul Tree grafting method using grafting '' one fruit tree, a purlin It describes how to plant trees and graft the other fruit trees as receptionists. This is a method of grafting the torii and torii plants belonging to the same genus as in the plant taxonomy. For example, the apricot tree, which is the major tree, is a plum tree, plum tree, and peach tree. When one or more lamps are used as a receptionist, they can be cultivated to produce apricots, plums, plums and peaches from a single apricot tree. However, according to the above technique, the method of grafting the torii and torii plants belonging to the same family in the family taxonomy is possible, but it is not suitable as a method of incorporating the subtropical avocado into the torii. Furthermore, no research or development is known about how to combine avocados with other plant taxonomy and genus plants.

The present inventors have conducted research for more than 17 years to solve the above problems, and found that the grafting affinity appears when grafting avocados to be grown on oak plants grown as fruit trees. By multiplying the cuttings with the eyes, branches and sprouts of avocados, and by cultivating the cultivated large tree stock from the oak family, the large-scale breeding of avocados is carried out. The present invention was completed by finding out that the fruiting period may be shortened and the yield may be increased.

Therefore, the present invention is to ground the avocado eyes, branches, sprouts, etc. in order to dramatically increase the yield and fruiting period of the avocado, and to increase the yield, and the tree that is the basis of the grounding of the avocado is the fruit tree of the avocado. The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method of grafting avocados and oaks for avocado cultivation, which is managed to adhere to each other at an appropriate temperature by grafting on avocados that have grafting affinity rather than plants of the same speed.

Method for grafting avocado and oak for avocado cultivation of the present invention for achieving the above object comprises the steps of a) collecting snow, branches, sprouts, etc. of avocado and preparing the ground: b) selecting the oakaceae Preparing a tree that is the basis of: and c) Grafting step of grafting the ground and the tree in a preferred method: and d) Managing the graft site to make the sliding at the appropriate temperature.

Grounding of step a) according to the present invention is also referred to as reception, sequencing, etc., and refers to snow, branches, shoots, etc. cut from avocados to be fixed to the tree when grafting.

The grounding is resistant to pests, excellent fruit, good fruit quality, good growth of eyes after swelling and easy grafting operation. ㆍ 2 ℃ ~ 7 ℃ range where the sprouts (cut) can be used as grounding or put in paper bags, plastic bags, plastic containers, wooden containers, etc. It can be stored in low temperature warehouse or refrigerating room where low temperature storage is possible and can be used as ground whenever necessary. In particular, storing the collected ground in various containers at low temperature, for example, can be transported from avocado native areas in California, USA to distant areas such as Korea, and thus has a desirable economic value for mass breeding avocados in areas without avocados. Of course, avocado seeds, which are usually bulky for transport, can be imported, sown, grown into live seedlings (also called seedlings) and harvested for use as a ground at least from the time the hardwood is hardened.

In addition, it is preferable that the harvesting time of the grounding is increased from spring to summer or before sprouting in the region where the season is obvious, since it can increase the sticking rate.

The tree of step b) according to the present invention is a rooted tree which is the ground of grounding and is not a plant of the same family or abundance of avocados as a plant classification. This refers to the appearing oak family, and looks at the example contents of plants belonging to the oak family.

The oak family is a generic name of the dicotyledon group oak tree oak and oak, for example, oak, oak, chestnut, beech, oak, old beech, rhododendron, round-leaved beech, larch, oak, Examples include buckthorn, pruning oak, oyster oak and thorn tree.

The seedlings exemplified above are seedlings which are separated into real seedlings, grafting seedlings, cutting seedlings, root seedlings, seedling seedlings, tree seedlings, sowing seedlings, transplanting seedlings, hanging seedlings, and pot seedlings. It is also divided into young seedlings, middle seedlings, and adult seedlings.

In addition, the tree is resistant to pests and is a species that is resistant to pollination, and is a species of oak, oak, chestnut, beech, oak, old beech, rhododendron, round-leaved beech, larch, buckthorn, and oak tree. Selecting the oak family exemplified by oyster oak is more preferable because it is easy to solve the shortcomings of the conventional avocado cultivation method, which is easy to die if the groundwater is low and the impermeable layer within 90 cm from the surface is weak due to moisture.

In addition, the above-mentioned tree is a myocardial species, exemplified by oak, oak, chestnut, beech, oak, old beech, buckthorn, round-leaved beech, oak, scorpion, sol oak and oyster oak. Choosing the oak family is more desirable because it can easily solve the shortcomings of the conventional avocado cultivation method, which occurs in the cultivated species (in open cultivation), which tends not to be deeply rooted and spread to the side and grow unstable.

The grafting method of step c) according to the present invention is a budding to fold the eyes of the avocado and grafting to the tree trunk, a juncture to take the new order of avocado and grafting it to the tree, grafting the branches of the avocado with the tree to the tree As a scion grafting, a cutting contact, a split contact, a double contact, a tongue contact, a high contact, a double contact, and the like can be performed. In addition, grafting and cutting are carried out at the same time by integrating the grafting with the tree in place, grafting the lumber by removing the tree from its place and grafting it, and grafting with the branch with the root as a tree without root. Thus, the present invention using the knowledge and techniques of the art as a conventional gluing method such as rooting of the large tree, germination of the grounding and the top working of the branch and the active of the large tree at the same time is achieved. It can be preferably implemented.

The graft site of step d) according to the present invention is grown in a greenhouse to allow a range of 12 ~ 35 ℃ more preferably 24 ~ 30 ℃ until the sliding is completed, or when planting the open field is a young tree In this case, it can be covered with soil, sand, hay, sawdust, etc., or it can be wrapped or covered with a bag, an envelope, a container made of moisture resistant material. It can be kept warm by wrapping it with heat insulating material such as stripole and PE foam.

In addition, the grafted part should be cultivated to keep growth slow or stop at 12 ℃ or below, and die at 0 ℃ or below because it is caused by the East Sea. .

As described above, the grafting method of avocado and oak for avocado cultivation is selected by cutting the avocado's eyes, branches, sprouts, etc. to be reproduced, and selecting the ground obtained by affixing avocado and grafting oak family with affinity instead of avocado. By implementing the method, it can be used as a large tree growing faster than avocado and significantly larger in size, which is suitable for shortening the fruiting period by inducing early deletion of avocado, and also expecting a large yield. It is a novel grafting method that can realize the large-scale breeding of avocados as fruit trees in regions such as Korea without avocados, and can be preferably used in agriculture.

Hereinafter, a preferred embodiment of a method of grafting avocado and oak for avocado cultivation according to the present invention will be described in detail with the accompanying drawings.

(Example 1)

1 is a view showing a state for explaining the preparation process of the ground according to an embodiment of the present invention, Figure 2 is a view showing a state for explaining the preparation process of the tree that is the ground of the ground of Figure 1 3 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which the ground of FIG. 1 is combined with the tree of FIG. 2.

As shown, pick a faithful avocado branch and cut the upper side where the eyes of the branches are located as shown in A of FIG. Cut down the opposite side at an angle of about 30 ° in the direction of the arrow 대각선 diagonally. In addition, when cut out in the 잘라 direction in the 아래쪽 direction below the center of the branch, the side is the same as B, the front is prepared in the same state as the ground is prepared.

In addition, the tree which is the basis of the prepared ground (B, C) is selected by 2-3 years old chestnut seedlings so that the wood portion of D cut out 4 to 6 cm high from the ground horizontally to include 0.2 ~ 0.5 cm Split the cabbage about 3cm from the ㉱ direction to the ㉲ direction with a sharp knife, and then open the split area at a suitable interval using a hand-held knife spatula to easily insert the ground.

Subsequently, the lower wood part of the ground (B, C) and the cut part of the swelling forming layer are inserted so as to match with the squeezing part and the cut part of the wood forming layer of the wood (E). B, C) and the binding part (E) so as not to create a space between the binding area as G, tie a little tightly with a graft. Of course, the method of fixing the grafting part is to select the fixing means such as grafting clips, grafting tongs, pins, vinyl, cloth, thread, tape, gluing adhesive, in addition to the grafting strap to fix the grafting site with the preferred technology in the art. Can be. And it is more preferable to protect the wound by applying sawcinfest so that the cut portion of the ground (B, C) and the tree (E) is exposed so that moisture, air, foreign matters, etc. do not penetrate.

This grafting is called incision, and it is preferable to perform it in spring and summer when the water starts to rise in the trees such as Korea. Of course, graft methods in the art that can implement the object of the present invention in addition to the above incision is not limited and may be preferably used.

As described above, the entire grafting seedlings are completely covered with sand so as to be able to slid at 20-35 ° C. and more preferably 25-32 ° C. with appropriate moisture. Of course, in addition to the above method may be covered with soil, sand, hay, sawdust or the like, or wrapped or covered with a bag, an envelope, a container made of a material resistant to moisture. However, the method is excluded if it is a greenhouse or an area of suitable natural environment where swelling can occur.

In addition, in addition to the above method, as a care after grafting, the buds that occur in the tree are often removed and loosely tied up little by little before the grafting string expands until the sliding is intact, so that the grafting part of the ground and the tree is concave or severely broken. It can prevent from damage.

Implementing as in Example 1 described above can breed a large number of avocado seedlings in a short period of time, and thus is very suitable for mass distribution of avocados to cultivate fruit trees in areas such as Korea without avocados.

(Example 2)

4 is a view showing a grounding state in the form of Δ to explain the preparation process of the ground according to another embodiment of the present invention, Figure 5 is a state prepared in the form of the △ form of the base of the ground of Figure 4 6 is a diagram schematically illustrating a state in which the ground of FIG. 4 is combined with the tree of FIG. 5.

As shown, in adult avocados that can be fruitful with excellent varieties, fresh and faithful eyes or sprouts will be 2cm ~ 5cm, left and right 2cm ~ 3cm, and the depth is within 0.2cm ~ 1cm, so as to stick to the wood parts When the H portion of Fig. 4 showing the bonded dotted line is cut out with a knife, the front side with the avocado eyes or the shoots is close to the Δ shape as in I, and the ground is prepared in the state as J.

In addition, select the adult chestnut tree of the excellent varieties as the base for the ground (I, J), and pick a specific site at an appropriate height (usually, within 2M from the ground), easy to work from the ground, 2cm ~ 5cm, When cut with a knife to the timber sublayer so that the left and right 2cm ~ 3cm, the depth is within 0.2cm ~ 1cm to the shape of the ground (I, J), the front side is the same as K, the side is like L, the ground (I, J) is Inserted trees are prepared.

Then, the ground (I, J) of Figure 4 is opened to the trunk of Figure 5 to the shape of the ground (I, J) with a knife tip and a folding knife spatula, the ground (I, J) is inserted into the grounding layer (I, J) of the forming layer Combining (grafting) so that the swelling-forming layers of the large and large trees (K, L) are in close contact with each other, as shown in the state of M of FIG. Is done. Of course, in addition to the grafting straps can be easily applied to the fusion coat or the like, or to prevent the water from entering the parafilm.

In addition, after the grafting is completed as described above, it is effective to increase the sticking rate to maintain a heat insulating material excellently insulated secondary to the grafting site to maintain 20 ℃ or more. Of course, any suitable natural environment or greenhouse where swelling can be made may be excluded.

In addition, the implementation of the adjuvant method in the region such as Korea when the tree is in the spring when the water rises appear high sticking rate, can be carried out until summer and autumn. Of course, in addition to such an eye contact method, a variety of grafts in the field may be preferably applied to one chestnut tree so that avocados can grow as fruit trees in many grafts.

In addition, by removing the branches, shoots, etc. of the chestnut tree in the range in which the grafting site is not damaged after grafting can finally cultivate only avocado can implement a desirable avocado cultivation.

In this way, by grafting avocado, which is grounded to the adult chestnut tree, to make the sliding at an appropriate temperature, the fruit can be seen two or three years after the swelling, and the fruiting time can be shortened. Since a large amount of avocado is combined with grounding in a single chestnut tree, the yield of avocado fruit can be dramatically increased during the planting season.

Of course, the most important thing as a result of the present invention should be premised that the fruit produced by the avocado finally has no abnormality in the characteristic of the original avocado. As a result of comparing and experimenting with the characteristics of avocado fruit produced for about 15 years, the characteristics of the original avocado fruit did not change.

For reference, the present invention has studied the implementation process and the final result in the US avocado production area for more than about 17 years, and have not yet known security (from the inventor's point of view), but now the world knows a new method for growing avocados Announce to promote the development.

As mentioned above, specific embodiments of the method of grafting avocado and oak for avocado cultivation belonging to the present invention as described above are illustrated and described, but the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, It will be apparent to one of ordinary skill in the art that various other changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope. Accordingly, it is intended that such changes and modifications be included within the scope of the appended claims.

As described above, by implementing the technique of grafting avocado and oak for the avocado cultivation provided by the present invention, the growth rate can be induced faster than the conventional avocado cultivation method which takes more than six years to the fruiting period. Avocados can shorten fruiting yields and dramatically increase yields, which can be expected to increase farm incomes, and avocados can be distributed to farms as fruit trees in areas without avocados.

In addition, since the large tree is resistant to moisture and myocardial species can be selected from non-avocados, there is an effect of preventing damage caused by conventional avocado cultivation methods that are weak to moisture or vulnerable to natural species.

Claims (8)

a) preparing a ground by collecting snow, branches, sprouts, etc. of avocados; and b) preparing a tree that is the basis of the ground by selecting an oak family; and c) contacting the ground and the trees in a preferred manner. Grafting step of gluing: and d) grafting method of avocado and oak for avocado cultivation, comprising the step of managing the graft site to make the glide at an appropriate temperature. 2. A method of grafting avocado and oak for avocado cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that the ground is any one or more selected from snow, branches and sprouts cut from avocados to be fixed to the tree when glued. The method for grafting avocados and oaks for avocado cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the tree is a rooted tree that is grounded when grafted. The oak family of claims 1 and 3 is oak, oak, oak, chestnut, beech, old pine, buckthorn, round-leaved pine, chestnut, brown oak, buckthorn, pine oak, oyster oak, thorn Grafting method of avocado and oak for avocado cultivation, characterized in that any one or more than one selected from the trees.  2. A method of grafting avocado and oak for avocado cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the grafting method is any one or more of eye contact, eye contact, clipper contact, cleavage contact, double contact, tongue contact, hip joint, double contact, and incision.  The method for grafting avocado and oak for avocado cultivation according to claim 1, wherein the grafting method is any one or more than one of a field contact, an in situ contact, and an insertion point. The fastening means of the grafting part is any one or more of any one or more of a grafting cord, grafting clip, grafting tongs, grafting pin, vinyl, cloth, thread, grafting tape, gluing adhesive. How to combine avocado and oak for avocado cultivation. The avocado and oak family for avocado cultivation according to claim 1, characterized in that the insulating means of the grafting part is any one or more of sand, soil, sand, hay, sawdust, bags, bags, containers, insulation, greenhouses. Grafting method.

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