CN103039274A

CN103039274A - Walnut seedling grafting method

Info

Publication number: CN103039274A
Application number: CN 201110314934
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱英
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2011-10-12
Filing date: 2011-10-12
Publication date: 2013-04-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a walnut seedling grafting method, relates to a walnut fine breed grafting technique, belongs to the technical field of fruit tree grafting, and solves the problems of the low survival rate of traditional walnut grafting caused by bleeding. The method has the advantages that plant roots after grafting are increased, the survival rate is high, and the improvement of the yield is facilitated; stock cortices between upper and lower incisions are picked from a lower incision, and the lower end of the incision is left to be white during binding to enable 'bleeding' to be exported, so that the walnut bark insertion grafting survival rate is high and stable, and the survival rate is stabilized above 76%.

Description

A kind of Juvenile Seedling Grafting of Walnut method

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of grafting with improved seed technology of walnut, belong to the fruit-tree grafting technical field, specifically a kind of Juvenile Seedling Grafting of Walnut method.

Background technology

Walnut, it is listed as the world's four large nuts with almond, cashew nut, fibert in the international market.Its footprint is various places all over the world almost.Walnut is called as " strong man's food ", " nutritious nut ", " intelligence promoting fruit "; Enjoy at home the laudatory title of " long live ", " Longevity ", " supporting people's treasured ".The scope of giving birth to because it is suitable is wider, and the strong stress resistance damage by disease and insect waits good characteristic less, and solving walnut fine provenance and clonal propagation technique is the key link of accelerating the improved variety of walnut development.In recent years the improved variety of walnut graft technology had been carried out more comprehensive research, for walnut characteristic and working condition, sum up suitable grafting period and grafting method, improved graft survival rate and seedling quality, reduced the grafting cost, for the improved variety of walnut vegetative propagation provides technical basis.

Grafting is to produce at present upper walnut propagation method commonly used, but graft survival rate is unstable, and is easily affected by environment.The walnut grafting survival rate is because walnut bleeding in spring is vigorous; Contain more tannin in the walnut tissue liquid, fractography liquid ingress of air during grafting, rapidly oxidation blackening reduces the section cytoactive, causes the healing of anvil fringe slack-off; When temperature is lower than 20 ℃, the walnut non-healing wounds.Except the impact of internal factor and external environment factor, itself affects the key factor of graft survival rate especially its grafting method.The grafting method of prior art because " bleeding " of grafting interruption-forming can't be derived, therefore, often causes the survival rate of the slotting skin grafting of walnut very low, and is general only about 10%.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of Juvenile Seedling Grafting of Walnut method, it is low to have solved traditional walnut graft survival rate, and because the low problem of peach graft survival rate that bleeding causes.

For achieving the above object, a kind of Juvenile Seedling Grafting of Walnut method of the present invention is characterized in that: realize that technical scheme is as follows:

One, material selection: scion Walnut Cultivars: apocarya, carried out in 2～March;

Two, grafting method:

1. do kind with the iron walnut, 10 the middle ten days, presoaking and germinating was carried out in sowing before the sowing, soaked 3～7d, sowed when seed has breach, and Walnut Seed places on the seedbed of putting in order, earthing 15～20cm, covering film; Emerge December, during grafting sub-seedling taken out, is completely cured, and 3～8cm is stayed in the overground part sub-cut;

2. scion: sealing wax immediately after adopting, the wax temperature control is at 100 ℃, and a speed that grasps scion is dipped in, and whipping immediately after the taking-up makes the wax layer in the scion thin as much as possible and even, waits to dry in the air to room temperature;

3. grafting: the grafting of scion band terminal bud, stay 3～4 buds, be whittled into 1 long 1 short 2 bevels, the about 1.5～2.5cm of long bevel, short bevel 0.5～1.5cm; 2cm is as radius centered by the part of germinateing for stock, and the T font is cut open, and the scion of cutting is inserted, and the anvil fringe forms layer alignment, tighten; At the liftoff 5～15cm of walnut trunk place slash 2～3 cuttves, the degree of depth is 1/3 of trunk diameter during grafting, and bleeding sap is flowed out from the bottom wound, and the bleeding sap of interface just reduces immediately;

4. transplant: be high 10～20cm, wide 100～120cm, can not apply fertilizer to the subsoil when planting, with unburned seedling; Fill with permeable, on the seedbed, every 20～25cm trench digging, grafting is put into ditch by 8～10cm spacing in the rows; Earthing, soil pressure is real; The lid mulch film keeps 4～15 ℃ of low temperature, 15～28 ℃ of temperature, air humidity about 70%.

A kind of Juvenile Seedling Grafting of Walnut method of the present invention, its beneficial effect is: the plant root after the grafting increases, survival rate is high, be conducive to improve output, from lower cut-out the stock cortex between the upper lower cut is chosen, and when wrapping, the wound lower end is showed money or valuables one carries unintentionally, " bleeding " derived, thereby it is high and stablize to make walnut insert the skin graft survival rate, and survival rate is stabilized in more than 76%.

Embodiment

The below is described in further detail the present invention:

Embodiment 1 (carry out at Gansu Province's clear water, clear water belongs to subtropics monsoon climate type)

Two, grafting method:

1. do kind with the iron walnut, October, presoaking and germinating was carried out in sowing before the sowing, soaked 5d, sowed when seed has breach, and Walnut Seed places on the seedbed of putting in order, earthing 20cm, covering film; Emerge December,, during grafting sub-seedling to be taken out, is completely cured, 6cm is stayed in the overground part sub-cut;

3. grafting: the grafting of scion band terminal bud, stay 4 buds, be whittled into 1 long 1 short 2 bevels, the about 2.3cm of long bevel, short bevel 0.7cm; 2cm is as radius centered by the part of germinateing for stock, and the T font is cut open, and the scion of cutting is inserted, and the anvil fringe forms layer alignment, tighten; At the liftoff 8cm of walnut trunk place, slashing the 2 cutter degree of depth is 1/3 of trunk diameter during grafting, and bleeding sap is flowed out from the bottom wound, and the bleeding sap of interface just reduces immediately;

4. transplant: be high 10cm, wide 120cm, can not apply fertilizer to the subsoil when planting, with unburned seedling; Fill with permeable, on the seedbed, every the 25cm trench digging, grafting is put into ditch by the 10cm spacing in the rows; Earthing, soil pressure is real; The lid mulch film keeps 8 ℃ of low temperature, 18 ℃ of temperature, air humidity 70%.

Table 1 grafting walnut growing state

Claims

1. Juvenile Seedling Grafting of Walnut method is characterized in that:

2. sealing wax immediately after adopting, the wax temperature control is at 100 ℃, and a speed that grasps scion is dipped in, and whipping immediately after the taking-up makes the wax layer in the scion thin as much as possible and even, waits to dry in the air to room temperature;

3. 3～4 buds are stayed in scion band terminal bud grafting, are whittled into 1 long 1 short 2 bevels, the about 1.5～2.5cm of long bevel, short bevel 0.5～1.5cm; The scion of cutting and stock formed layer aligns, tighten;

4. be high 10～20cm, wide 100～120cm, can not apply fertilizer to the subsoil when planting, with unburned seedling; Fill with permeable, on the seedbed, every 20～25cm trench digging, grafting is put into ditch by 8～10cm spacing in the rows; Earthing, soil pressure is real; The lid mulch film keeps 4～15 ℃ of low temperature, 15～28 ℃ of temperature, air humidity about 70%.

2. a kind of Juvenile Seedling Grafting of Walnut method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: 2cm is as radius centered by the part of germinateing for stock, and the T font is cut open, and the scion of cutting is inserted, and the anvil fringe forms layer alignment, tighten.

3. a kind of Juvenile Seedling Grafting of Walnut method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: at walnut trunk bottom slash 2～3 cuttves, bleeding sap is flowed out from the bottom wound during grafting, the bleeding sap of interface just reduces immediately; Grafting method is that the T font is cut open, and the scion of cutting is inserted, and the anvil fringe forms layer alignment, tighten.

4. a kind of Juvenile Seedling Grafting of Walnut method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: at the liftoff 5～15cm of walnut trunk place slash 2～3 cuttves, the degree of depth is 1/3 of trunk diameter, and bleeding sap is flowed out from the bottom wound.