CN103385118A - Grafting breeding method for plukenetia volubilis - Google Patents
Grafting breeding method for plukenetia volubilis Download PDFInfo
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- CN103385118A CN103385118A CN2013103091012A CN201310309101A CN103385118A CN 103385118 A CN103385118 A CN 103385118A CN 2013103091012 A CN2013103091012 A CN 2013103091012A CN 201310309101 A CN201310309101 A CN 201310309101A CN 103385118 A CN103385118 A CN 103385118A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a grafting breeding method for plukenetia volubilis. Mature plukenetia volubilis seeds are sown in a nutritious cup filled with flower soil to carry out seedling raising; after the seeds sprout and before hypocotyls grow to 5cm and seed leaves completely expand, seedlings are disinfected and the hypocotyls are cut off and are used as rootstocks for later use; plukenetia volubilis sprouts to be grafted are collected to be used as scions and are inserted into notches of the rootstocks and then the junctions of the scions and the rootstocks are wrapped tightly and bundled solidly by Parafilm sealing films; and grafted nursery stocks are moved into a greenhouse and after the wounds at the junctions of the scions and the rootstocks are healed, the seedlings are exercised for one week and then can be moved into the land to be planted. The grafting breeding method has the characteristics that the grafting breeding method is simple to operate, needs a small number of scion materials, has high survival rate, low cost and high growth speed and can be applied to rapid propagation of superior individual plants and fine varieties; a great amount of high-quality nursery stocks can be propagated in short time; and the grafting breeding method has good market application prospect.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology, specifically relate to the grafting and breeding method of a kind of traditional oil tree astral oil rattan (Plukenetia volubilis L.).
Background technology
The astral oil rattan has another name called plukenetia volubilis linneo, seal adds fruit, is the perennial bejuco of Euphorbiaceae (Euphorbiaceae), and former growth is Andes tropical rain forest area in South America, by the local resident, has been utilized more than 3000 year.The astral oil rattan is diclinism, same inflorescence, and fruit is the star capsule, its young fruit smooth surface, green, and pitchy when ripe, often have 4～6 corner angle, and each corner angle contains a seed.Astral oil rattan single seed weighs 1.25 about grams, and the oil content of seed is in 40% left and right, and is rich in protein, vitamin and vitamin e; Its grease is rich in polyunsaturated fatty acid, and content can reach more than 85%, and alpha-linolenic acid content can account for 50% left and right of lubricant component.Plantation result at In Xishuangbanna shows, the plantation of astral oil rattan just started to bloom in 4～5 months, and fruit can be ripe in 8～9 months, yields positive results throughout the year, namely entered the phase of abounding with in 2～3 years.Astral oil rattan seed oil has broad application prospects and huge potential economic worth at aspects such as food, health products, medicine, cosmetics and feed processing.
At present, the breeding of astral oil rattan mainly contains two kinds of methods: the one, and seeding and seedling raising; The 2nd, cuttage and seedling culture.Although seeding and seedling raising can obtain a large amount of seedling at short notice, because the astral oil rattan is cross-pollinatd plant, seed seedling genetic character is unstable, easily loses parent's merit.Cuttage and seedling culture needs a large amount of branches, and from cuttage, to transplanting land for growing field crops, needs 40～60 days, and is consuming time longer.The new efficient vegetative propagation technique of astral oil rattan is set up in research, and is significant for the industrialized development of the Fast-propagation that carries out astral oil rattan improved seeds and spread, promotion astral oil rattan.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for the deficiencies in the prior art, a kind of astral oil rattan grafting and breeding method simple to operate, with low cost is provided, shorten astral oil rattan seedling raise period, for the Fast-propagation of astral oil rattan improved seeds provides technical guarantee.
Purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
Except as otherwise noted, percentage of the present invention is mass percent.
The grafting and breeding method of a kind of astral oil rattan is characterized in that:, take astral oil rattan seed seedling as stock, take the sprout of astral oil rattan fine individual plant or improved seeds plant as scion, carry out grafting.
Described stock, the seed seedling before after selecting to sprout, hypocotyl length launches fully to 5cm to cotyledon.
Described scion is the astral oil rattan sprout of branch diameter at 4～6 mm.
Described astral oil rattan grafting and breeding method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) stock is cultivated: the astral oil rattan seed of the mature and plump that will newly gather in the crops dries, the warm water that is placed in 40 ℃ soaks and naturally cooling 24 hours, seed is broadcast in the nutrition cup that flower cultivating soil is housed of 8 * 10 cm, broadcast two seeds in each nutrition cup, put into the culturing room of 30 ℃, illumination in 8 hours, grow seedlings;
(2) stock preparation: before hypocotyl length to 5 cm launches fully to cotyledon after astral oil rattan seed germination, the carbendazol wettable powder of use 0.2% carries out disinfection to astral oil rattan seedling, position at distance nutrition cup soil face 4～5 cm cuts off astral oil rattan seedling hypocotyl, with blade along rip cutting in the middle of hypocotyl, the degree of depth is at 7～10 mm, and is standby as stock;
(3) scion collection: gather astral oil rattan sprout to be grafted in field, the branch diameter, at 4～6 mm, is cut into 30 cm length with branch and puts into humidistat, sprays distilled water and keep not dehydration of branch on branch; The branch that gathers is cut into the scion of 4～5 cm, each scion comprises 1～5 blade and axillalry bud thereof, removes 1/2～2/3 of every leaf;
(4) sapling grafting: the scion lower end is whittled into Wedge-shaped, and the smooth and length of bevel is at 5～10 mm; The scion of cutting is inserted in the stock otch, guarantee scion and the alignment of stock grafting mouth, then with sealed membrane, scion and stock binding site are tightly wrapped in a down-to-earth manner, with rainwater-proof, enter;
(5) move grafting and enter canopy: the nursery stock that will graft moves in green house, controls temperature of shed daytime at 33～35 ℃, night temperature at 19～21 ℃, and add a cover shade net; To keep during this period moisture abundance in nutrition cup; If find that bud appears in scion, in time bud is removed, be beneficial to shoot growth, to carry out bud picking to stock simultaneously and process;
(6) hardening and move into land for growing field crops: in 2～3 week after grafting, after the wound healing of scion and stock binding site, can remove shade net; Grafting, in booth the inside hardening, can move into field planting after the week; To again erase the bud that sends on stock in the immigration land for growing field crops in latter two week, and avoid grafting to be subjected to drought stress.
Use the Parafilm sealed membrane, after grafting survival, the Parafilm sealed membrane can automatically break, come off, and need not special artificial removal's sealed membrane.The grafting land for growing field crops survival rate that adopts the inventive method to obtain can reach more than 90%.
With respect to prior art characteristics of the present invention be: simple to operate, required scion material is few, survival rate is high, cost is low, growth is fast, can be applicable to the Fast-propagation of fine individual plant and improved seeds, can breed at short notice a large amount of high quality seedlings, the land for growing field crops survival rate can reach more than 90%, has good market application foreground.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but they are not limitation of the invention.
Embodiment 1
Stock is cultivated: the astral oil rattan seed of the mature and plump that will newly gather in the crops dries, the warm water that is placed in 40 ℃ soaks and naturally cooling 24 hours, seed is broadcast in the nutrition cup that flower cultivating soil is housed of 8 * 10 cm, broadcast two seeds in each nutrition cup, the culturing room's (illumination in 8 hours) that puts into 30 ℃ grows seedlings.Stock preparation: before hypocotyl length to 5 cm launches fully to cotyledon after astral oil rattan seed germination, the carbendazol wettable powder of use 0.2% carries out disinfection to astral oil rattan seedling, position in distance nutrition cup soil face 5 cm left and right cuts off astral oil rattan seedling hypocotyl, with blade along rip cutting in the middle of hypocotyl, the degree of depth is at 7-10 mm, and is standby as stock.Scion gathers: gather astral oil rattan sprout to be grafted in field, the branch diameter is in 5 mm left and right, branch is cut into 30 cm are long puts into humidistat, spill on branch distilled water a little, keep not dehydration of branch.The branch that gathers is cut into the scion of 4 cm left and right, each scion comprises 1-2 blade and axillalry bud thereof, removes the 1/2-2/3 of every leaf.The collection branch is preferably in and carries out morning, and temperature is low at this moment, transpiration rate is little, is beneficial to grafting and survives.Sapling grafting: the scion lower end is whittled into Wedge-shaped, and the smooth and length of bevel is at 5-10 mm.The scion of cutting is inserted in the stock otch, guarantee scion and the alignment of stock grafting mouth, then with the Parafilm sealed membrane, scion and stock binding site are tightly wrapped in a down-to-earth manner, with rainwater-proof, enter.Move grafting and enter canopy: the nursery stock that will graft moves in green house, and temperature of shed daytime is 34 ℃ of left and right, night temperature 20 ℃ of left and right, and suitably add a cover shade net.To keep during this period moisture abundance in nutrition cup.If find that bud appears in scion, in time bud is removed, be beneficial to shoot growth, to carry out bud picking to stock simultaneously and process.Hardening also moves into land for growing field crops: in 2-3 week after grafting, after the wound healing of scion and stock binding site, can remove shade net.Grafting, in booth the inside hardening, can move into field planting after the week.To again erase the bud that sends on stock in the immigration land for growing field crops in latter two week, and avoid grafting to be subjected to drought stress.The Parafilm sealed membrane of scion and stock binding site can be burst in astral oil rattan grafting process of growth, need not artificial removal's sealed membrane.The grafting land for growing field crops survival rate that adopts the inventive method to obtain can reach more than 90%.
Embodiment 2
Repeat embodiment 1, following difference is arranged: each scion comprises 3～5 axillalry buds.
Claims (5)
1. the grafting and breeding method of an astral oil rattan is characterized in that:, take astral oil rattan seed seedling as stock, take the sprout of astral oil rattan fine individual plant or improved seeds plant as scion, carry out grafting.
2. the grafting and breeding method of astral oil rattan according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described stock, the seed seedling before after selecting to sprout, hypocotyl length launches fully to 5cm to cotyledon.
3. the grafting and breeding method of astral oil rattan according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described scion is the astral oil rattan sprout of branch diameter at 4～6 mm.
4. the grafting and breeding method of astral oil rattan according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) stock is cultivated: the astral oil rattan seed of the mature and plump that will newly gather in the crops dries, the warm water that is placed in 40 ℃ soaks and naturally cooling 24 hours, seed is broadcast in the nutrition cup that flower cultivating soil is housed of 8 * 10 cm, broadcast two seeds in each nutrition cup, put into the culturing room of 30 ℃, illumination in 8 hours, grow seedlings;
(2) stock preparation: before hypocotyl length to 5 cm launches fully to cotyledon after astral oil rattan seed germination, the carbendazol wettable powder of use 0.2% carries out disinfection to astral oil rattan seedling, position at distance nutrition cup soil face 4～5 cm cuts off astral oil rattan seedling hypocotyl, with blade along rip cutting in the middle of hypocotyl, the degree of depth is at 7～10 mm, and is standby as stock;
(3) scion collection: gather astral oil rattan sprout to be grafted in field, the branch diameter, at 4～6 mm, is cut into 30 cm length with branch and puts into humidistat, sprays distilled water and keep not dehydration of branch on branch; The branch that gathers is cut into the scion of 4～5 cm, each scion comprises 1～5 blade and axillalry bud thereof, removes 1/2～2/3 of every leaf;
(4) sapling grafting: the scion lower end is whittled into Wedge-shaped, and the smooth and length of bevel is at 5～10 mm;
The scion of cutting is inserted in the stock otch, guarantee scion and the alignment of stock grafting mouth, then will with sealed membrane
Scion and stock binding site tightly wrap in a down-to-earth manner, with rainwater-proof, enter;
(5) move grafting and enter canopy: the nursery stock that will graft moves in green house, controls temperature of shed daytime at 33～35 ℃, night temperature at 19～21 ℃, and add a cover shade net; To keep during this period moisture abundance in nutrition cup; If find that bud appears in scion, in time bud is removed, be beneficial to shoot growth, to carry out bud picking to stock simultaneously and process;
(6) hardening and move into land for growing field crops: in 2～3 week after grafting, after the wound healing of scion and stock binding site, can remove shade net; Grafting, in booth the inside hardening, can move into field planting after the week; To again erase the bud that sends on stock in the immigration land for growing field crops in latter two week, and avoid grafting to be subjected to drought stress.Astral oil rattan grafting and breeding method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: stock is astral oil rattan seed seedling, and scion is astral oil rattan children shoot.
5. the grafting and breeding method of astral oil rattan according to claim 4, is characterized in that: use the Parafilm sealed membrane in grafting place in step (4).
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104956929A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-07 | 国家林业局桉树研究开发中心 | Method for grafting and propagating plukenetia huayllabambana |
| CN104956900A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-07 | 国家林业局桉树研究开发中心 | Method for cutting and propagating plukenetia huayllabambana |
| CN107006249A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-08-04 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of efficient astral oil rattan cultural method |
| CN112535030A (en) * | 2020-12-27 | 2021-03-23 | 福建山瓜瓜农业发展有限公司 | Middle branch grafting seedling raising method for breeding excellent variety of wild vine plant |
| CN112544366A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-26 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Cultivation method of passion fruit seedlings |
| CN114793537A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-07-29 | 普洱联众生物资源开发有限公司 | Method for improving germination rate of plukenetia volubilis linneo |
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| CN101773047A (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2010-07-14 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Seedling nursing method of plukenetia volubilis linneo |
| CN101773038A (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2010-07-14 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Cutting propagation method of plukenetia volubilis linneo |
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Patent Citations (2)
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| CN101773038A (en) * | 2010-01-27 | 2010-07-14 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Cutting propagation method of plukenetia volubilis linneo |
| CN101773047A (en) * | 2010-03-01 | 2010-07-14 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Seedling nursing method of plukenetia volubilis linneo |
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| HENRRY RUIZ ET. AL.: "Propagación vegetativa del sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) mediante injerto,bajo condiciones controladas en San Martín,Perú", 《PRIMER CONGRESO PERUANO DE MEJORAMIENTO GENÉTICO Y BIOTECNOLOGÍA AGRÍCOLA》 * |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104956929A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-07 | 国家林业局桉树研究开发中心 | Method for grafting and propagating plukenetia huayllabambana |
| CN104956900A (en) * | 2015-07-16 | 2015-10-07 | 国家林业局桉树研究开发中心 | Method for cutting and propagating plukenetia huayllabambana |
| CN107006249A (en) * | 2017-03-29 | 2017-08-04 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | A kind of efficient astral oil rattan cultural method |
| CN112544366A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-26 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Cultivation method of passion fruit seedlings |
| CN112544366B (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-08-13 | 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园 | Cultivation method of passion fruit seedlings |
| CN112535030A (en) * | 2020-12-27 | 2021-03-23 | 福建山瓜瓜农业发展有限公司 | Middle branch grafting seedling raising method for breeding excellent variety of wild vine plant |
| CN114793537A (en) * | 2022-06-01 | 2022-07-29 | 普洱联众生物资源开发有限公司 | Method for improving germination rate of plukenetia volubilis linneo |
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Application publication date: 20131113 |