CN105875374A - Method for raising moringa oleifera seedlings by cutting through mixed substrates and brackets - Google Patents
Method for raising moringa oleifera seedlings by cutting through mixed substrates and brackets Download PDFInfo
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- CN105875374A CN105875374A CN201510037494.5A CN201510037494A CN105875374A CN 105875374 A CN105875374 A CN 105875374A CN 201510037494 A CN201510037494 A CN 201510037494A CN 105875374 A CN105875374 A CN 105875374A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for raising moringa oleifera seedlings by cutting through mixed substrates and brackets. The method comprises the following steps: collecting cutting shoots, preparing seedling culturing facility, preparing and treating seedling culturing substrates, preparing seedling culturing brackets, preparing the cutting shoots, performing cuttage, performing management after the cuttage, and the like. Through the adoption of the method disclosed by the invention, the seedling culturing time is obviously shortened, and the survival rate of transplanted moringa oleifera seedlings is increased. The moringa oleifera which is planted by the method is high in growth rate and disease resistance; after field planting is performed for 3 months, moringa oleifera tender tips and moringa oleifera tender leaves can be harvested, and compared with a seedling culturing method through seeds, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantage that leaf harvesting time after the field planting can be advanced by 1-2 months. Compared with a conventional method, the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of being high in survival rate, low in investment, simple to operate, and capable of maintaining good properties of female parents.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of plant growing technology.A kind of method particularly relating to Moringa mixed-matrix bracket cutting propagation.
Background technology
Moringa (Moringa oleifera Lam.), originating in India and Africa, for the perennial multi-functional economic plants in the Moringaceae Moringa typical case torrid zone, the Moringa happiness drought-enduring frost that is weak to of heat, growth is fast, and main root is flourishing, is particularly suitable for torrid areas plantation.Moringa whole body is precious, its root, stem, leaf, flower, really pod all edibles, and there is different active substances at each position, has certain treatment, mitigation to different syndromes.It is widely used in the aspects such as food, industry feed, Medicines and Health Product, there is health care and treatment function, the effect such as fall " three high ", treatment anemia, suppression pathogenic bacteria, antitumor, expeling parasite.Due to magical effect and market potential prospect, the people of plantation Moringa gets more and more, and traditional seed seedling-raising can not meet market demand.Carry out Moringa mixed-matrix bracket cutting propagation and can solve seedling shortage problem as early as possible, the germ plasm resource of high-quality is provided for Moringa popularizing planting, promotes Moringa industry rapid and healthy.
Seed seedling-raising is used on producing at present, seed price is high, bud ratio is low, there is growth slow, yield is unstable, variability is big, disease resistance is poor, therefore seminal propagation is extremely difficult to Moringa high-quality, high yield, efficient productive target, and the method for Moringa mixed-matrix bracket cutting propagation, the substrate of mixing is breathed freely and dewatering, i.e. be conducive to the formation of root system, maternal excellent hereditary character can also be kept, shorten rootage duration, it is not subject to seasonal restrictions, reduce cost, therefore, select field planting performance excellent, the maternal plant that disease resistance is strong, season in the beginning of spring carries out cutting propagation, highly beneficial to Moringa high-yield high-efficiency cultivation.
The Moringa cutting propagation of prior art exist cutting vacation appear vividly as, take root slow, root is the most easy to fall off, survival rate is low, cuttage bag seedling rooting rate is low or grows the defects such as thin and delicate and transport difficult.The present invention is directed to these problems, through a large amount of cutting propagation experimental studies, invented one and be i.e. conducive to Moringa fast-growth, the cultural method of Moringa high yield quality benefit can be reached again.
Summary of the invention
A kind of method that the invention provides Moringa mixed-matrix bracket cutting propagation, including steps such as the management after the collection of cutting, the preparation of culture facility, the preparation process of seedling medium, the preparation of nursery bracket, the preparation of cutting, cuttage and cuttage.The method of the present invention substantially shortens seedling raise period；Improve Moringa transplantation of seedlings survival rate；Using the Moringa fast growth of the method plantation, disease resistance strong, field planting just can be gathered the tender tip of Moringa and blade for 3 months, to shift to an earlier date 1～2 months compared with seed seedling-raising field planting picking leaves；The present invention compares with traditional method, has the merit that survival rate is high, it is low, simple to operate to put into, keep female parent.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme that for achieving the above object
A kind of method of Moringa mixed-matrix bracket cutting propagation, specifically includes following methods step:
(1) collection of cutting
From stock tree, gather that axillalry bud is full, suberification or the branch top bar of half-corkificated pumping then, the cutting preservative film adopting under seals otch, places preservation at shady and cool, prevents dehydration；
(2) booth or the preparation in greenhouse
Hot house or equipment of nursing young plants in hothouses are built in selection, and shade rate is 70～80%, configure sprinkling irrigation equipment, clear up booth or greenhouse and sterilize before nursery；
(3) preparation of substrate
Select river sand, perlite, several nothing soil preparation of raw material substrate of become thoroughly decomposed wood sawdust and Radix Artemisia ordosicae of becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(4) preparation of bracket
Bracket size selects long 62 centimetres, wide 16 centimetres, high 20 centimetres, and cross circular hole 6, rectangle hole, wide two sides and each 1 of circular hole are beaten in long two sides, and circular hole 4 beaten by bottom, and the substrate that step (3) is mixed to get installs in bracket；
(5) preparation of cutting
The cutting that step (1) collects is cut into a length of 16～20 centimetres of cutting cuttings with 2～3 joints；Upper and lower side angular cut to smooth, and angle is 40～45° angle, is as the criterion not damaging cutting, and upper cut sealed membrane tightly wraps；
(6) process of cutting
The cutting of step (5) was put into after 1000 times of carbendazim solutions soak 10 minutes, by 100ppm indolebutyric acid solution soaking 2 hours；
(7) cuttage mode
By seeding row spacing 5 × 5 centimetres or 4 × 4 centimetres, in cutting oblique inserting step (4) ready bracket step (6) handled well, the cuttage degree of depth is cutting length 1/2, and gradient is 30～40 ° of angles；
(8) management after cuttage
Substrate of controlling well after cuttage moistens, and cutting adds intense light irradiation and water and fertilizer management:
A preferred embodiment of the invention, before 10 o'clock of morning of the selection of time fine day gathering cutting in step (1) or the cloudy day；
According to the another kind of preferred implementation of the present invention, in step (3), soilless substrate is by volumes below proportions: 30% river sand+20% perlite+40% wood sawdust+10% that becomes thoroughly decomposed becomes thoroughly decomposed Radix Artemisia ordosicae；
According to the another kind of preferred implementation of the present invention, in step (8), substrate moistens to take following methods to fully ensure that；
After cuttage, 7～10 days substrate to be fully ensured that moistens, and relative air humidity controls 70～80%, and the most each spraying once, is advisable so that substrate is moistening；Manually watering and irrigate once after high-pressure nozzle every afternoon 17, after 10 days, irrigation amount reduces, and waters every day once, incessanly rain or heavy rain weather covered rearing with plastic film use, prevents cutting rotten；
According to the another kind of preferred implementation of the present invention, in step (8), following methods is taked to strengthen illumination management；
Within after cuttage 3～5 days, take out sprouting, shade rate holding 70～80%, intensity of illumination 2000～3000 lux, after 10 days, may gradually increase illumination, be beneficial to young leaves and carry out photosynthesis, promote that cutting base portion produces callus and starts to take root；Acceptable maintenance full sun after 30 days；
According to the another kind of preferred implementation of the present invention, in step (8), take following methods strengthen fertilizing management:
After cuttage 5～7 days with 100ppm indolebutyric acid solution to the root drip irrigation of cutting once, to promote rooting of cuttings；
After 10 days, otch cortex or the new root of callus preliminarily form, and combine to water the most weekly and execute one time 200～300ppm water soluble composite fertilizer N:P:K=19:19:19；Emerge and execute a carbamide the last week to promote seedling robust growth；
After 20 days, the new root of cutting preliminarily forms, and after 40 days, seedling is formed, and hereafter carries out transplanting, field planting.
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of method that the present invention relates to Moringa mixed-matrix bracket cutting propagation, including following methods step:
(1) collection of cutting
After choosing satisfactory Moringa maternal plant garden, from stock tree, gather that axillalry bud is full, lignifying or the branch top bar of semi-lignified pumping then, when gathering cutting, before 10 o'clock of morning of fine day to be selected or the cloudy day；Cutting under adopting is removed and is preserved at the ventilative cool place of branch and leaf preservative film sealing otch placement, prevents dehydration；
According to the present invention, the alternative condition of Moringa maternal plant garden is: the Moringa kind of maternal plant garden, should be kind purity, high yield, resistance cutting orchard；The age of tree is more than 2 years, and robust growth, without the Moringa tree of pest and disease damage；The fertilizer management of maternal plant garden necessarily be greater than conventional Moringa garden, and every mu of garden of autumn end Moringa organic fertilizer 800～1000 kilograms, liftoff 50～60 centimetres of tree bars are white.
(2)
Booth or the preparation in greenhouse
The present invention uses all types of hot house or greenhouse to be culture facility, and shade rate is 70 80%, has configured sprinkling irrigation equipment, clears up booth or greenhouse and sterilize before nursery；
Can gather materials on the spot in described booth or greenhouse, use bamboo, Lignum seu Ramulus Cunninghamiae Lanceolatae and weedtree branch bar to build simple canopy, it is also possible to steel-pipe welding, covering plastic sheeting and sunshade net, version is various；Plastic greenhouse simple in construction, low cost, easy to operate, the suitability is strong.
(3)
The preparation of substrate
The present invention takes without soil formulation media, different according to various places raw material, selects river sand, perlite, several nothing soil preparation of raw material substrate of become thoroughly decomposed wood sawdust and Radix Artemisia ordosicae of becoming thoroughly decomposed；In terms of volume, substrate preparation ratio is: 30% river sand+20% perlite+40% wood sawdust+10% that becomes thoroughly decomposed becomes thoroughly decomposed Radix Artemisia ordosicae；
According to the present invention, bracket nursery is it should be understood that a kind of seedling-raising technique using once-seedling forming container and soilless culture；The substrate that bracket nursery uses is river sand, perlite, the wood sawdust that becomes thoroughly decomposed, become thoroughly decomposed the mixed-matrixes such as Radix Artemisia ordosicae, has lightweight, good permeability, good water-retaining property, and acid-base value is moderate；Rooting rate is high, it is fast to emerge, low cost, transplanting survival rate are high to use bracket nursery to reach；After bracket culturing and transplanting seedlings, seedling is without seedling-slowing stage, beneficially seedling fast-growth.
(4) preparation of bracket
Normally used bracket in the art in described bracket, specification is long 62 centimetres, wide 16 centimetres, high 20 centimetres, cross circular hole 6 is beaten in long two sides, rectangle hole, wide two sides and each 1 of circular hole, the PS plastic uptake bracket of circular hole 4 beaten by bottom, the diameter in hole 2 centimetres, the length in rectangle hole 5 centimetres is wide 2 centimetres；
Thickness according to cutting and the different choice different plant and row spacing of transplanting time, general cutting slightly uses seeding row spacing 5 × 5 centimetres, and cutting carefully uses seeding row spacing 4 × 4 centimetres；Described bracket needs to carry out disinfecting of routine before use.
(5)
The preparation of cutting
The cutting that step (1) collects is cut into a length of 16～20 centimetres of cutting cuttings with 2～3 joints；Upper and lower side angular cut to smooth, and angle is 40-45 ° of angle, is as the criterion not damaging cutting, and upper cut sealed membrane tightly wraps 3～4 centimetres.
(6) the disinfecting of cutting
The cutting length 1/2 of step (5) put into 1000 times of solution soaking of 50% carbendazim after 10 minutes, by 100ppm indolebutyric acid solution soaking 2 hours.
(7)
Cuttage mode
By the standard of (4) cutting, in cutting inserting step (4) ready bracket step (5) sheared, the cuttage degree of depth is cutting length 1/2, and gradient is 30～40 ° of angles.
(8)
Management after cuttage
Grasp substrate after cuttage to moisten, cutting added intense light irradiation and water and fertilizer management:
In this step, substrate moistens to take following methods to fully ensure that:
After cuttage, 7～10 days substrate to be fully ensured that moistens, and relative air humidity controls 70～80%, and the most each spraying once, is advisable so that substrate is moistening；Manually watering and irrigate once after high-pressure nozzle every afternoon 17, after 10 days, irrigation amount gradually reduces, and waters every day once, as humidity is excessive, can cause rotting of cutting；Humidity is too small, can cause the withered wilting of cutting；Incessanly rain or heavy rain weather covered rearing with plastic film to be used, prevents cutting from rotting；
In this step, take following methods strengthen illumination management:
After cuttage, 3～5 days is 70～80% time maintenance at shade rate, and intensity of illumination 2000～3000 lux can progressively add intense light irradiation after 10 days, is beneficial to young leaves and carries out photosynthesis, promotes that cutting base portion produces callus and starts to take root；After 30 days, acceptable maintenance full sun, does not namely have any facility that shades, growth naturally under full exposure；As illumination is too high, seedling evaporation capacity can be caused to strengthen and cause that branch top is withered wilts or the tender tip is burnt, illumination is weak, can cause that growth of seedling is thin and delicate, branch internode is long；
In this step, take following methods strengthen fertilizing management:
After cuttage 5～7 days with 100ppm indolebutyric acid solution to the root drip irrigation of cutting once, to promote rooting of cuttings；
After 10 days, otch cortex or the new root of callus preliminarily form, and combining the most weekly waters executes Mianyang Jin He chemical fertilizer Co., Ltd production 200～300ppm water soluble composite fertilizer N:P:K=19:19:19；Emerge and execute a carbamide the last week to promote seedling robust growth；
After 20 days, the new root of cutting preliminarily forms, and after 40 days, seedling is formed, and hereafter carries out transplanting, field planting.
Claims (6)
1. the method for a Moringa mixed-matrix bracket cutting propagation, it is characterised in that the step of the method is as follows:
(1) collection of cutting
From stock tree, gather that axillalry bud is full, suberification or the branch top bar of half-corkificated pumping then, the cutting preservative film adopting under seals otch, places preservation at shady and cool, prevents dehydration；
(2) booth or the preparation in greenhouse
Hot house or facility of nursing young plants in hothouses are built in selection, and shade rate is 70～80%, configure irrigating facility, clear up booth or greenhouse and sterilize before nursery；
(3) preparation of substrate
Select river sand, perlite, several nothing soil preparation of raw material substrate of become thoroughly decomposed wood sawdust and Radix Artemisia ordosicae of becoming thoroughly decomposed；
(4) preparation of bracket
Bracket size selects long 62 centimetres, wide 16 centimetres, high 20 centimetres, and cross circular hole 6, rectangle hole, wide two sides and each 1 of circular hole are beaten in long two sides, and circular hole 4 beaten by bottom, and the substrate that step (3) is mixed to get installs in bracket；
(5) preparation of cutting
The cutting that step (1) collects is cut into a length of 16-20 centimetre of cutting cutting with 2～3 joints；
(6) process of cutting
The cutting of step (5) was put into after 1000 times of carbendazim solutions soak 10 minutes, by 100ppm indolebutyric acid solution soaking 2 hours；
(7) cuttage mode
By seeding row spacing 5 × 5 centimetres or 4 × 4 centimetres, in cutting oblique inserting step (4) ready bracket step (6) handled well, the cuttage degree of depth is cutting length 1/2, and gradient is 30～40 ° of angles；
(8) management after cuttage
Grasp substrate after cuttage to moisten, cutting is added intense light irradiation and water and fertilizer management.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, before 10 o'clock of morning of the selection of time fine day gathering cutting in step (1) or the cloudy day.
3. according to the method described in claim 1, in step (3), soilless substrate is by volumes below proportions: 30% river sand+20% perlite+40% wood sawdust+10% that becomes thoroughly decomposed becomes thoroughly decomposed Radix Artemisia ordosicae.
4., according to the method described in claim 1, in step (8), fully ensure that substrate moistens:
After cuttage, 7～10 days substrate to be fully ensured that moistens, and relative air humidity controls 70～80%, and the most each spraying once, is advisable so that substrate is moistening；Manually watering and irrigate once after high-pressure nozzle every afternoon 17, after 10 days, irrigation amount gradually reduces, and waters every day once, incessanly rain or heavy rain weather covered rearing with plastic film to be used, and prevents cutting from rotting.
5. according to the method described in claim 1, in step (8), reinforcement illumination management:
Within after cuttage 3～5 days, take out sprouting, shade rate holding 70～80%, intensity of illumination 2000～3000 lux, after 10 days, may gradually increase illumination；Acceptable maintenance full sun after 30 days.
6. according to the method described in claim 1, in step (8), reinforcement fertilizing management:
After cuttage 5～7 days with 100ppm indolebutyric acid solution to the root drip irrigation of cutting once, to promote rooting of cuttings；
After 10 days, new root preliminarily forms, and combines the most weekly one time 200～300ppm water soluble composite fertilizer N:P:K=19:19:19 of pouring that waters；Emerge and execute a carbamide the last week to promote seedling robust growth；
After 20 days, the new root of cutting preliminarily forms, and after 40 days, seedling is formed, and hereafter carries out transplanting, field planting.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107624395A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-26 | 广西昭平县古书茶业有限公司 | A kind of Moringa cottage method |
| CN109197317A (en) * | 2018-08-27 | 2019-01-15 | 河北省农林科学院棉花研究所（河北省农林科学院特种经济作物研究所） | A kind of nursery of Beijing-tianjin-hebei Region Moringa and field planting method |
| CN109463143A (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2019-03-15 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | A kind of method of Moringa cuttage root-taking |
| CN110178692A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-30 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of Moringa matrix of taking root, rooting method and its application |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107624395A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-01-26 | 广西昭平县古书茶业有限公司 | A kind of Moringa cottage method |
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| CN109463143B (en) * | 2018-11-22 | 2021-04-02 | 中国热带农业科学院南亚热带作物研究所 | Moringa oleifera cutting rooting method |
| CN110178692A (en) * | 2019-06-20 | 2019-08-30 | 云南农业大学 | A kind of Moringa matrix of taking root, rooting method and its application |
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Application publication date: 20160824 |