CN102511258B - Container seedling-raising method for greenhouse of Chinese wolfberry - Google Patents
Container seedling-raising method for greenhouse of Chinese wolfberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN102511258B CN102511258B CN2011103676493A CN201110367649A CN102511258B CN 102511258 B CN102511258 B CN 102511258B CN 2011103676493 A CN2011103676493 A CN 2011103676493A CN 201110367649 A CN201110367649 A CN 201110367649A CN 102511258 B CN102511258 B CN 102511258B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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- Y02A40/25—Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a container seedling-raising method for a greenhouse of Chinese wolfberry, which relates to the technologies of foresting and seedling raising of Chinese wolfberry. In the invention, seedling trees are taken out of a nursery by the processes of twig picking, cutting treatment, root forcing by an electric heating hotbed for cutting, preparation of nutrient soil, disinfecting, bagging, seedling checking in a sunlight greenhouse, cutting, cuttage, management of the greenhouse at a seedling stage, pesticide spraying, fertilizing, pruning, root cutting, greenhouse opening, seedling refining and the like. According to the container seedling-raising method for the greenhouse of the Chinese wolfberry, the foresting of the Chinese wolfberry is changed from single foresting at summer to foresting at three seasons of spring, summer and autumn, and the operation of foresting can be carried out in a timely way according to the change of the conditions of climate, water irrigation and the like; secondly, compared with conventional seedling raising at a fertile field, the seedling raising time is saved, and the seedling raising of the fertile field can be finished by the time of one year; and however, the method can be finished only by the time of three months. Compared with conventional seedlings with exposed roots, the survival rate of seedling trees is obviously enhanced. Meanwhile, because of the protection of nutrient bags, the root systems of seedling trees are not damaged in the processes of seedling digging, transporting and planting. The seedling trees canadapt to the environment of the fertile field quickly after foresting, and the growth of the seedling trees is vigorous; and moreover, parts of the seedling trees already blossom and fruit at August and September in the same year.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to matrimony vine afforestation seedling growing process, particularly a kind of matrimony vine temperature canopy container seedling culture method.
Background technology
Lycium Solanaceae machaka is famous and precious traditional Chinese medicine and invigorant, both can eat raw, also can process, be used as medicine; Its adaptability is strong simultaneously, and utmost point salt tolerant alkali and barren both can be built the garden, also can plant with three wastelands behind the house before the peasant household room, not only had an economic benefit, and also had good ecological benefits.Matrimony vine grows seedlings to adopt the land for growing field crops hardwood cutting and seedling raisings in actual production more.This propagation method is simple, both can keep the merit of kind, can cultivate strong sprout again.But the bareroot seedling of Pei Yuing can only be planted after fallen leaves like this, makes matrimony vine afforestation can only be confined to simple spring and autumn afforestation, and the survival rate of bareroot seedling is on the low side simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is matrimony vine afforestation can only be confined to simple spring and autumn afforestation change into three seasons of spring and summer autumn afforestation, thereby provide a kind of warm canopy container nursery technology of afforesting and matching with three seasons of spring and summer autumn, to reach the organic unity of growing seedlings and afforesting, and the Miao Jike that adopts the greenhouse container to cultivate plants in whole growth season, and significantly improves than the exposed root and shoot forestation survival rate.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem employing is:
A kind of matrimony vine temperature canopy container seedling culture method, undertaken by following step:
A. adopting bar and plugged ear handles
A.1 adopt bar
At the beginning of 3 months spring, select 2-7 ages of the age of tree, kind is pure, robust growth and do not have on the matrimony vine individual plant of damage by disease and insect and adopt bar; Adopting bar branch type and rugosity is annual transitory branch or water sprout, branch thick 0.5-1.0 ㎝.
A.2 plugged ear is handled
2.1 cutting, plugged ear cuts, kind bar under adopting is selected not have broken skin, no insect pest, be cut into and hold level with both hands, the long plugged ear of 13-14cm that the lower end is oblique, per 50 bundle a bundles soaked 12 hours with clear water before plugged ear is gone to bed, again the plugged ear base portion is immersed the methyl aqueous solution soaking 24 hours of 20mg/L, or with 100-150mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution soaking 2-3h.
A.3 the plugged ear electric seed bed heater is urged root
A.3.1 the making of electric seed bed heater: before plugged ear is handled, finish this work.Selecting shady and cool room is the hotbed build chamber, ground is smooth, spread the thick slag of 5cm or wheat straw on the ground, on press the thick fine earth of 3cm, and steady and sure, heating wire is coiled in the hotbed two ends, form parallel lines, repave the thick wet sand of 2-3cm on the heating wire, the Zhenping, when the geodetic temperature is stabilized in 27-29 ℃, just can use.
A.3.2 plugged ear is gone to bed: the fringe bar through plugged ear and drug treating is neatly put on the underground heat hotbed, plugged ear root inclined-plane is far from about the heating wire 1-2cm, after cutting occupies hotbed, fine sand with 0.25-0.1 ㎜ is sprinkling upon the plugged ear top, pour the plugged ear gap with clear water again, the cutting upper end is exposed about 1cm.
A.3.3 plugged ear is urged root: the hotbed energising heats up, temperature adjusting was at 23-25 ℃ in initial two days, played temperature adjusting at 25-28 ℃ on the 3rd day, indoor temperature regulation is at≤10 ℃, keep bed material humidity at 65-75%, through 180 hours the root of urging regularly in the bed surface watering noon every day later on, the plugged ear base portion exposes callus, and terminal bud can carry out cuttage when not sprouting as yet.
B. greenhouse by solar heat seedling furrow are prepared
B.1 nutritious bag is selected: nutritious bag adopts thick 0.04mm, high 16cm, and diameter 10cm, and the plastic sack in four diameter 5mm holes is arranged at the bottom.
B.2 nutritive soil preparation and sterilization pack: with humus soil, rough sand, the sheep excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed, prepare in the ratio of 8:1:1, then mixing, sieve, evenly spray with 2% copperas solution, in the nutritious bag of at last the nutrition soil of preparation being packed into, nutritious bag is closely arranged in the seedling furrow again.
B.3 seedling furrow specification and greenhouse sterilization in the greenhouse by solar heat: the seedling furrow are long 7 meters in the greenhouse by solar heat, and are wide 1.4 meters, high wide each 40cm of field bund between furrow, full canopy nutrition packed intact after, button film intensification at least 3 days.
B.4 plugged ear cuttage: transport through the plugged ear of urging root and carry out cuttage in the greenhouse, plugged ear top terminal bud is apart from nutritious bag soil face 1cm, and fringe bar and soil are combined closely, and one of border irrigation was permeable entirely after cuttage was finished.
C. seedling management
C.1 warm canopy management: warm canopy temperature based on insulation, is not taken off curtain strqw cover early evening before not germinateing between 28-30 ℃, germinate back insulation and extended day are according to taking into account; Keep sack soil moisture every other day to spray water one time at 70%, Zhan Yeqian, Zhan Yehou grows up with seedling and per two weeks of gentle temperature rise irritates end water once.
C.2 spray the medicine fertilising: cuttage was sprayed once every four days later on 800 times of carbendazim or bed surface of tpn spray the same day, and both are used alternatingly; Behind the rooting of cuttings, begin to carry out foliage spray, weekly, use the urea of 2-5g/L and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to mix spray in the ratio of 1:1, all carry out between the lights.
C.3 prune: the young sprout that plugged ear grows surpasses 15cm, and the young sprout of selecting and remain is done mobile jib, all wipes out with the interior side shoot of being sent out from the base portion to 40cm, and pinching was bound when the young sprout height reached 50cm.
C.4 be completely cured: new root is stretched on the nutritious bag film, has root system to stretch out from the air-vent of nutritious bag bottom and when penetrating in the seedling furrow soil, nutritious bag on the furrow face is all moved the position, and the disconnected new root that removes to stretch out ventilation hole only fully stretches root system in nutritious bag.
C.5 open the canopy hardening: growth of seedling is two months in the greenhouse by solar heat, young sprout is long to 40cm, when young root can be seen in the edge of nutritious bag, open uptake earlier, opened down the air port on the 3rd day again, after one week, raise whole canopy films, open-air two weeks of hardening, seedling leaf look by bud green become dark green, that branch increases is strong, color becomes white green, outplanting by emerald green.
The present invention makes matrimony vine afforestation become three seasons of spring and summer autumn afforestation by simple afforestation in spring, can be according to the variation of weather, condition such as pour water and afforestation in good time, secondly than conventional field seedling raising, saved seedling raise period, field seedling raising needs one-year age to finish, and this method only needs the trimestral time to finish.Aspect the afforestation quality, the nutritious bag matrimony vine seedling that greenhouse by solar heat is cultivated because root system is intensive, is with native field planting, adds and is completely cured and the hardening operation, make its field planting afforestation after, plant percent obviously improves by more conventional bareroot seedling.Simultaneously, because the protection of nutritious bag, nursery stock root system in pick seedling, the process of transporting, planting is injury-free, can very fast adaptation land for growing field crops environment after the afforestation, seedling growth is vigorous, and have the part nursery stock then eight, the September namely yields positive results.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
1. grow seedlings ground Natural situation
Be laid in Liangzhou District high dam town with growing seedlings, belong to irrigation district, oasis, Hexi Corridor.Height above sea level 1500m, average annual temperature 7.9, about 155 days frost-free seasons, 3003 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature, year sunshine duration 2968 hours, 38.5 ℃ of the extreme maximum air temperatures, the extreme minimum air temperature-29.5 ℃.Nursery lot soil is sandy loam, middle fertility, and pH value about 8.0 has irrigation conditions.
2. adopting bar and plugged ear handles
2.1 adopt bar
2.1.1 adopting bar time and elite stand selects: at the beginning of 3 months spring, select 2 ages of the age of tree, kind is pure, robust growth and do not have on the matrimony vine individual plant of damage by disease and insect and adopt bar.
2.1.2 adopt bar branch type and rugosity: annual transitory branch or water sprout, branch thick 0.5 ㎝.
2.2 plugged ear is handled
Cut 2.2.1 plugged ear is cut, the kind bar under adopting is selected not have broken skin, no insect pest, be cut into and hold level with both hands, the long plugged ear of 13cm that the lower end is oblique, per 50 bundle a bundles.
2.2.2 plugged ear is handled: cut and soaked 12 hours with clear water before the plugged ear that cuts is gone to bed, again the plugged ear base portion is immersed the methyl aqueous solution soaking 24 hours of 20mg/L.
2.3 the plugged ear electric seed bed heater is urged root
2.3.1 the making of electric seed bed heater: before plugged ear is handled, finish this work.Select shady and cool room to be the hotbed build chamber, ground is smooth, and cleaning after the indoor sterilization, designs arranging of hotbed, operation road, circuit connection etc.Spread the thick slag of 5cm or wheat straw at first on the ground, on press the thick fine earth of 3cm, and steady and sure, select DV21012 for use, the heating wire of 1000w is according to the hotbed designed size, fix two wood of 10 * 10cm at hotbed two, spacing 4.5cm nails on iron nail on the batten, heating wire is coiled between the iron nail of hotbed two ends batten, forms parallel lines, heating wire is straight, evenly, repave the thick wet sand of 2cm on the heating wire, the Zhenping.Per two hotbeds connect an electric heating temperature control device, the electric seed bed heater that connects energising trial run 24 hours, and geodetic temperature is when being stabilized in 27 ℃, just can use.
2.3.2 plugged ear is gone to bed: early March, on the underground heat hotbed, plugged ear root inclined-plane is far from heating wire 1cm through the neat pendulum of the fringe bar of drug treating, after cutting occupies hotbed, be sprinkling upon the plugged ear top with the fine sand that sieves, pour the plugged ear gap with clear water again, the cutting upper end is exposed about 1cm.
2.3.3 plugged ear is urged root: plugged ear begins energising and heats up after hotbed sets, temperature adjusting was at 23 ℃ in initial two days, two days later, temperature adjusting is at 25 ℃, and indoor temperature regulation is at 5-10 ℃, and regularly sprinkle water at bed surface later noon every day, keep bed material humidity 65%, through 180 hours the root of urging, the plugged ear base portion exposed callus, and terminal bud can carry out cuttage when not sprouting as yet.
3. greenhouse by solar heat seedling furrow are prepared
3.1 nutritious bag is selected: nutritious bag adopts thick 0.04mm, high 16cm, and diameter 10cm, and the plastic sack in four diameter 5mm holes is arranged at the bottom.
3.2 nutritive soil preparation and sterilization pack: with 80 kilograms of humus soils, 10 kilograms of rough sand, 10 kilograms of sheep excrement that become thoroughly decomposed, mixing then, sieve, evenly spray with 2% copperas solution again, prepare 100 kilograms of nutrition soil, the nutrition soil of preparation is packed in the nutritious bag, soil will be adorned reality, nothing is bowed, and nutritious bag will be closely arranged in the seedling furrow simultaneously.
3.3 seedling furrow specification and greenhouse sterilization in the greenhouse by solar heat: the seedling furrow are long about 7 meters in the general greenhouse by solar heat, and are wide 1.4 meters, high wide each 40cm of field bund between furrow is so that operate and pour water.Full canopy nutrition packed intact after, in time detain film and heat up more than 3 days, make so on the one hand and carry out high-temperature sterilization in the canopy, soil temperature is raise is conducive to the cuttage rooting germination.
3.4 plugged ear cuttage: will in time transport through the plugged ear of urging root and carry out cuttage in the greenhouse, plugged ear top terminal bud will be apart from nutritious bag soil face 1cm, and is real with hand during cuttage, and fringe bar and soil are combined closely, and one of the timely filling of full furrow is permeable cuttage is finished after.
4. seedling management
4.1 warm canopy management: warm canopy temperature requirement is minimum to be not less than 12 ℃, is higher than 32 ℃ most, makes the canopy temperature remain on 28 ℃ as far as possible, based on insulation, does not take off curtain strqw cover early evening before not germinateing, germinate back insulation and extended day are according to taking into account.For keeping sack soil moisture 70%, unsuitable excessive watering generally every other day sprayed water one time before the exhibition leaf, and Zhan Yehou grows up the per two weeks filling of gentle temperature rise end water once with seedling.
4.2 spray medicine fertilising: cuttage was sprayed once every four days later on bed surface of the clear spray of 800 times of carbendazim the same day, and carbendazim and hundred bacterium are used alternatingly; Behind the rooting of cuttings, begin to carry out foliage spray, weekly, use the urea of 2g/L and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to mix spray in the ratio of 1:1, all carry out between the lights.
4.3 prune: the young sprout that plugged ear grows surpasses 15cm, and the strong young sprout of growing way of only selecting and remain is done mobile jib.The young sprout that is left is all wiped out with the interior side shoot of being sent out from the base portion to 40cm.Pinching was bound when the young sprout height reached 50cm.
4.4 be completely cured: growth of seedling new root behind the certain phase has been extended on the nutritious bag film, the part root system stretches out from the air-vent of nutritious bag bottom and penetrates in the seedling furrow soil, all move position with nutritious bag on the furrow face this moment, the disconnected new root that removes to stretch out ventilation hole only fully stretches root system in nutritious bag.
4.5 open the canopy hardening: seedling is through the growth of two wheat harvesting periods in the greenhouse by solar heat, young sprout length is to about the 40cm, when young root can be seen in the edge of nutritious bag, open uptake earlier, opened down the air port again on the 3rd day, after the week, raise whole canopy films, make seedling continue two weeks of hardening in the open, the seedling through the hardening process has adapted to open-air atmosphere from greenhouse gradually.And the leaf look becomes dark greenly by bud green, and that branch increases is strong, color also becomes white green by emerald green, and this moment, nursery stock can go out the garden.
Embodiment 2
1. grow seedlings ground Natural situation
Be laid in Liangzhou District high dam town with growing seedlings, belong to irrigation district, oasis, Hexi Corridor.Height above sea level 1500m, average annual temperature 7.9, about 155 days frost-free seasons, 3003 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature, year sunshine duration 2968 hours, 38.5 ℃ of the extreme maximum air temperatures, the extreme minimum air temperature-29.5 ℃.Nursery lot soil is sandy loam, middle fertility, and pH value about 8.0 has irrigation conditions.
2. adopting bar and plugged ear handles
2.1 adopt bar
2.1.1 adopting bar time and elite stand selects: at the beginning of 3 months spring, select 7 ages of the age of tree, kind is pure, robust growth and do not have on the matrimony vine individual plant of damage by disease and insect and adopt bar.
2.1.2 adopt bar branch type and rugosity: annual transitory branch or water sprout, branch thick 1.0 ㎝ are advisable.
2.2 plugged ear is handled
Cut 2.2.1 plugged ear is cut, the kind bar under adopting is selected not have broken skin, no insect pest, be cut into and hold level with both hands, the long plugged ear of 14cm that the lower end is oblique, per 50 bundle a bundles.
2.2.2 plugged ear is handled: cut and soaked 12 hours with clear water before the plugged ear that cuts is gone to bed, the plugged ear base portion is immersed in the 150mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution soak 2h again.
2.3 the plugged ear electric seed bed heater is urged root
2.3.1 the making of electric seed bed heater: before plugged ear is handled, finish this work.Select shady and cool room to be the hotbed build chamber, ground is smooth, and cleaning after the indoor sterilization, designs arranging of hotbed, operation road, circuit connection etc.Spread the thick slag of 5cm or wheat straw at first on the ground, on press the thick fine earth of 3cm, and steady and sure, select DV21012 for use, the heating wire of 1000w is according to the hotbed designed size, fix two wood of 10 * 10cm at hotbed two, the iron nail of nail 4.5cm spacing is coiled in heating wire between the iron nail of hotbed two ends batten on the batten, forms parallel lines, heating wire is straight, evenly, repave the thick wet sand of 2-3cm on the heating wire, the Zhenping.Per two hotbeds connect an electric heating temperature control device, the electric seed bed heater that connects energising trial run 48 hours, and geodetic temperature is when being stabilized in 28 ℃ of left and right sides, just can use.
2.3.2 plugged ear is gone to bed: early March, on the underground heat hotbed, plugged ear root inclined-plane is far from heating wire 2cm through the neat pendulum of the fringe bar of drug treating, after cutting occupies hotbed, be sprinkling upon the plugged ear top with the fine sand that sieves, pour the plugged ear gap with clear water again, the cutting upper end is exposed about 1cm.
2.3.3 plugged ear is urged root: plugged ear begins energising and heats up after hotbed sets, temperature adjusting was at 25 ℃ in initial two days, two days later, temperature adjusting is at 28 ℃, and indoor temperature regulation is at 5 ℃, and regularly sprinkle water at bed surface later noon every day, keep bed material humidity 75%, through 180 hours the root of urging, the plugged ear base portion exposed callus, and terminal bud can carry out cuttage when not sprouting as yet.
3. greenhouse by solar heat seedling furrow are prepared
3.1 nutritious bag is selected: nutritious bag adopts thick 0.04mm, high 16cm, and diameter 10cm, and the plastic sack in four diameter 5mm holes is arranged at the bottom.
3.2 nutritive soil preparation and sterilization pack: with 40 kilograms of humus soils, 5 kilograms of rough sand, 5 kilograms of sheep excrement that become thoroughly decomposed, prepare 50 kilograms of nutrition soil, mixing then, sieve, evenly spray with 2% copperas solution again, in the nutritious bag of at last the nutrition soil of preparation being packed into, soil will be adorned reality, nothing is bowed, and nutritious bag will be closely arranged in the seedling furrow simultaneously, and nutrition soil is measured according to actual needs and can be prepared at any time.
3.3 seedling furrow specification and greenhouse sterilization in the greenhouse by solar heat: the seedling furrow are long about 7 meters in the general greenhouse by solar heat, and are wide 1.4 meters, high wide each 40cm of field bund between furrow is so that operate and pour water.Full canopy nutrition packed intact after, in time detain film and heat up more than 3 days, make so on the one hand and carry out high-temperature sterilization in the canopy, soil temperature is raise is conducive to the cuttage rooting germination.
3.4 plugged ear cuttage: will in time transport through the plugged ear of urging root and carry out cuttage in the greenhouse, plugged ear top terminal bud will be apart from nutritious bag soil face 1cm, and is real with hand during cuttage, and fringe bar and soil are combined closely, and one of the timely filling of full furrow is permeable cuttage is finished after.
4. seedling management
4.1 warm canopy management: warm canopy temperature requirement is minimum to be not less than 12 ℃, is higher than 32 ℃ most, makes the canopy temperature remain on 30 ℃ as far as possible, based on insulation, does not take off curtain strqw cover early evening before not germinateing, germinate back insulation and extended day are according to taking into account.For keeping sack soil moisture 70%, unsuitable excessive watering generally every other day sprayed water one time before the exhibition leaf, and Zhan Yehou grows up the per two weeks filling of gentle temperature rise end water once with seedling.
4.2 spray medicine fertilising: cuttage was sprayed once every four days later on bed surface of 800 times of tpn sprays the same day, and carbendazim and hundred bacterium are used alternatingly; Behind the rooting of cuttings, begin to carry out foliage spray, weekly, use the urea of 5g/L and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to mix spray in the ratio of 1:1, all carry out between the lights.
4.3 prune: the young sprout that plugged ear grows surpasses 15cm, and the strong young sprout of growing way of only selecting and remain is done mobile jib.The young sprout that is left is all wiped out with the interior side shoot of being sent out from the base portion to 40cm.Pinching was bound when the young sprout height reached 50cm.
4.4 be completely cured: growth of seedling new root behind the certain phase has been extended on the nutritious bag film, the part root system stretches out from the air-vent of nutritious bag bottom and penetrates in the seedling furrow soil, all move position with nutritious bag on the furrow face this moment, the disconnected new root that removes to stretch out ventilation hole only fully stretches root system in nutritious bag.
4.5 open the canopy hardening: seedling is through the growth of two wheat harvesting periods in the greenhouse by solar heat, young sprout length is to about the 40cm, when young root can be seen in the edge of nutritious bag, open uptake earlier, opened down the air port again on the 3rd day, after the week, raise whole canopy films, make seedling continue two weeks of hardening in the open, the seedling through the hardening process has adapted to open-air atmosphere from greenhouse gradually.And the leaf look becomes dark greenly by bud green, and that branch increases is strong, color also becomes white green by emerald green, and this moment, nursery stock can go out the garden.
Embodiment 3
1. grow seedlings ground Natural situation
Be laid in Liangzhou District high dam town with growing seedlings, belong to irrigation district, oasis, Hexi Corridor.Height above sea level 1500m, average annual temperature 7.9, about 155 days frost-free seasons, 3003 ℃ of effective accumulated temperature, year sunshine duration 2968 hours, 38.5 ℃ of the extreme maximum air temperatures, the extreme minimum air temperature-29.5 ℃.Nursery lot soil is sandy loam, middle fertility, and pH value about 8.0 has irrigation conditions.
2. adopting bar and plugged ear handles
2.1 adopt bar
2.1.1 adopting bar time and elite stand selects: at the beginning of 3 months spring, select 7 ages of the age of tree, kind is pure, robust growth and do not have on the matrimony vine individual plant of damage by disease and insect and adopt bar.
2.1.2 adopt bar branch type and rugosity: annual transitory branch or water sprout, branch thick 1.0 ㎝.
2.2 plugged ear is handled
Cut 2.2.1 plugged ear is cut, the kind bar under adopting is selected not have broken skin, no insect pest, be cut into and hold level with both hands, the long plugged ear of 14cm that the lower end is oblique, per 50 bundle a bundles.
2.2.2 plugged ear is handled: cut and soaked 12 hours with clear water before the plugged ear that cuts is gone to bed, the plugged ear base portion is immersed in the 100mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution soak 3h again.
2.3 the plugged ear electric seed bed heater is urged root
2.3.1 the making of electric seed bed heater: before plugged ear is handled, finish this work.Select shady and cool room to be the hotbed build chamber, ground is smooth, and cleaning after the indoor sterilization, designs arranging of hotbed, operation road, circuit connection etc.Spread the thick slag of 5cm or wheat straw at first on the ground, on press the thick fine earth of 3cm, and steady and sure, select DV21012 for use, the heating wire of 1000w is according to the hotbed designed size, fix two wood of 10 * 10cm at hotbed two, the iron nail of nail 4.5cm spacing is coiled in heating wire between the iron nail of hotbed two ends batten on the batten, forms parallel lines, heating wire is straight, evenly, repave the thick wet sand of 3cm on the heating wire, the Zhenping.Per two hotbeds connect an electric heating temperature control device, the electric seed bed heater that connects energising trial run 48 hours, and geodetic temperature is when being stabilized in 28 ℃ of left and right sides, just can use.
2.3.2 plugged ear is gone to bed: early March, on the underground heat hotbed, plugged ear root inclined-plane is far from heating wire 2cm through the neat pendulum of the fringe bar of drug treating, after cutting occupies hotbed, be sprinkling upon the plugged ear top with the fine sand that sieves, pour the plugged ear gap with clear water again, the cutting upper end is exposed about 1cm.
2.3.3 plugged ear is urged root: plugged ear begins energising and heats up after hotbed sets, temperature adjusting was at 25 ℃ in initial two days, two days later, temperature adjusting is at 28 ℃, and indoor temperature regulation is at 10 ℃, and regularly sprinkle water at bed surface later noon every day, keep bed material humidity 75%, through 180 hours the root of urging, the plugged ear base portion exposed callus, and terminal bud can carry out cuttage when not sprouting as yet.
3. greenhouse by solar heat seedling furrow are prepared
3.1 nutritious bag is selected: nutritious bag adopts thick 0.04mm, high 16cm, and diameter 10cm, and the plastic sack in four diameter 5mm holes is arranged at the bottom.
3.2 nutritive soil preparation and sterilization pack: with 40 kilograms of humus soils, 5 kilograms of rough sand, 5 kilograms of sheep excrement that become thoroughly decomposed, prepare 50 kilograms of nutrition soil, mixing then, sieve, evenly spray with 2% copperas solution again, in the nutritious bag of at last the nutrition soil of preparation being packed into, soil will be adorned reality, nothing is bowed, and nutritious bag will be closely arranged in the seedling furrow simultaneously, and nutrition soil is measured according to actual needs and can be prepared at any time.
3.3 seedling furrow specification and greenhouse sterilization in the greenhouse by solar heat: the seedling furrow are long about 7 meters in the general greenhouse by solar heat, and are wide 1.4 meters, high wide each 40cm of field bund between furrow is so that operate and pour water.Full canopy nutrition packed intact after, in time detain film and heat up more than 3 days, make so on the one hand and carry out high-temperature sterilization in the canopy, soil temperature is raise is conducive to the cuttage rooting germination.
3.4 plugged ear cuttage: will in time transport through the plugged ear of urging root and carry out cuttage in the greenhouse, plugged ear top terminal bud will be apart from nutritious bag soil face 1cm, and is real with hand during cuttage, and fringe bar and soil are combined closely, and one of the timely filling of full furrow is permeable cuttage is finished after.
4. seedling management
4.1 warm canopy management: warm canopy temperature requirement is minimum to be not less than 12 ℃, is higher than 32 ℃ most, makes the canopy temperature remain on 30 ℃ as far as possible, based on insulation, does not take off curtain strqw cover early evening before not germinateing, germinate back insulation and extended day are according to taking into account.For keeping sack soil moisture 70%, unsuitable excessive watering generally every other day sprayed water one time before the exhibition leaf, and Zhan Yehou grows up the per two weeks filling of gentle temperature rise end water once with seedling.
4.2 spray medicine fertilising: cuttage was sprayed once every four days later on bed surface of 800 times of tpn sprays the same day, and carbendazim and hundred bacterium are used alternatingly; Behind the rooting of cuttings, begin to carry out foliage spray, weekly, use the urea of 5g/L and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to mix spray in the ratio of 1:1, all carry out between the lights.
4.3 prune: the young sprout that plugged ear grows surpasses 15cm, and the strong young sprout of growing way of only selecting and remain is done mobile jib.The young sprout that is left is all wiped out with the interior side shoot of being sent out from the base portion to 40cm.Pinching was bound when the young sprout height reached 50cm.
4.4 be completely cured: growth of seedling new root behind the certain phase has been extended on the nutritious bag film, the part root system stretches out from the air-vent of nutritious bag bottom and penetrates in the seedling furrow soil, all move position with nutritious bag on the furrow face this moment, the disconnected new root that removes to stretch out ventilation hole only fully stretches root system in nutritious bag.
4.5 open the canopy hardening: seedling is through the growth of two wheat harvesting periods in the greenhouse by solar heat, young sprout length is to about the 40cm, when young root can be seen in the edge of nutritious bag, open uptake earlier, opened down the air port again on the 3rd day, after the week, raise whole canopy films, make seedling continue two weeks of hardening in the open, the seedling through the hardening process has adapted to open-air atmosphere from greenhouse gradually.And the leaf look becomes dark greenly by bud green, and that branch increases is strong, color also becomes white green by emerald green, and this moment, nursery stock can go out the garden.
Claims (3)
1. matrimony vine temperature canopy container seedling culture method, undertaken by following step:
A. adopting bar and plugged ear handles
A.1 adopt bar
At the beginning of 3 months spring, select 2-7 ages of the age of tree, kind is pure, robust growth and do not have on the matrimony vine individual plant of damage by disease and insect and adopt bar;
A.2 plugged ear is handled
Plugged ear is cut and is cut, and the kind bar under adopting is selected not have broken skin, no insect pest, be cut into and hold level with both hands, the long plugged ear of 13-14cm that the lower end is oblique, per 50 bundle a bundles, soaked 12 hours with clear water before plugged ear is gone to bed, again the plugged ear base portion is immersed the methyl aqueous solution soaking 24 hours of 20mg/L;
A.3 the plugged ear electric seed bed heater is urged root
A.3.1 the making of electric seed bed heater: before plugged ear is handled, finish this work;
Selecting shady and cool room is the hotbed build chamber, ground is smooth, spread the thick slag of 5cm or wheat straw on the ground, on press the thick fine earth of 3cm, and steady and sure, heating wire is coiled in the hotbed two ends, form parallel lines, repave the thick wet sand of 2-3cm on the heating wire, the Zhenping, when the geodetic temperature is stabilized in 27-29 ℃, can use;
A.3.2 plugged ear is gone to bed: the fringe bar through plugged ear and drug treating is neatly put on the underground heat hotbed, plugged ear root inclined-plane is far from heating wire 1-2cm, transplant a cutting occupy hotbed after, be sprinkling upon the plugged ear top with the fine sand of 0.25-0.1 ㎜, pour the plugged ear gap with clear water again, the cutting upper end is exposed about 1cm;
A.3.3 plugged ear is urged root: the hotbed energising heats up, temperature adjusting was at 23-25 ℃ in initial two days, played temperature adjusting at 25-28 ℃ on the 3rd day, indoor temperature regulation is at 5-10 ℃, keep bed material humidity at 65--75%, through 180 hours the root of urging regularly in the bed surface watering noon every day later on, the plugged ear base portion exposes callus, and terminal bud can carry out cuttage when not sprouting as yet;
B. greenhouse by solar heat seedling furrow are prepared
B.1 nutritious bag is selected: nutritious bag adopts thick 0.04mm, high 16cm, diameter 10cm, and the porose plastic sack in bottom;
B.2 nutritive soil preparation and sterilization pack: with humus soil, rough sand, the sheep excrement that becomes thoroughly decomposed, press the part by weight preparation of 8:1:1, mixing then, sieve, evenly spray with 2% copperas solution again, at last the nutrition soil of preparation is packed in the nutritious bag, nutritious bag is closely arranged in the seedling furrow;
B.3 seedling furrow specification and greenhouse sterilization in the greenhouse by solar heat: the seedling furrow are long 7 meters in the greenhouse by solar heat, and are wide 1.4 meters, high wide each 40cm of field bund between furrow, full canopy nutrition packed intact after, button film intensification at least 3 days;
B.4 plugged ear cuttage: transport through the plugged ear of urging root and carry out cuttage in the greenhouse, plugged ear top terminal bud is apart from nutritious bag soil face 1cm, and fringe bar and soil are combined closely, and one of border irrigation was permeable entirely after cuttage was finished;
C. seedling management
C.1 warm canopy management: warm canopy temperature based on insulation, is not taken off curtain strqw cover early evening before not germinateing between 28-30 ℃, germinate back insulation and extended day are according to taking into account; Keep sack soil moisture every other day to spray water one time at 70%, Zhan Yeqian, per two weeks are irritated end water once behind the exhibition leaf;
C.2 spray the medicine fertilising: cuttage was sprayed once every four days later on 800 times of carbendazim or bed surface of tpn spray the same day, and both are used alternatingly; Behind the rooting of cuttings, begin to carry out foliage spray, weekly, use the urea of 2-5g/L and potassium dihydrogen phosphate to mix spray in the ratio of 1:1, all carry out between the lights;
C.3 prune: the young sprout that plugged ear grows surpasses 15cm, and the young sprout of selecting and remain is done mobile jib, all wipes out with the interior side shoot of being sent out from the base portion to 40cm, and pinching was bound when the young sprout height reached 50cm;
C.4 be completely cured: new root is stretched on the nutritious bag film, has root system to stretch out from the air-vent of nutritious bag bottom and when penetrating in the seedling furrow soil, nutritious bag on the furrow face is all moved the position, and the disconnected new root that removes to stretch out ventilation hole only fully stretches root system in nutritious bag;
C.5 open the canopy hardening: growth of seedling is two months in the greenhouse by solar heat, young sprout is long to 40cm, when young root can be seen in the edge of nutritious bag, open uptake earlier, opened down the air port on the 3rd day again, after one week, raise whole canopy films, open-air two weeks of hardening, seedling leaf look by bud green become dark green, that branch increases is strong, color becomes white green, outplanting by emerald green.
2. a kind of matrimony vine temperature canopy container seedling culture method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the bar branch type of adopting of described a.1 step and rugosity are annual transitory branch or water sprout, branch thick 0.5-1.0 ㎝.
3. a kind of matrimony vine temperature canopy container seedling culture method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the methyl aqueous solution soaking that the plugged ear base portion is immersed 20mg/L of described a.2 step replaced with and will soak 2-3h in the plugged ear base portion immersion 100-150mg/L indolebutyric acid aqueous solution in 24 hours.
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| CN104082014B (en) * | 2014-07-19 | 2015-09-02 | 白银市农业技术服务中心 | A kind of matrimony vine seedling-cultivating method |
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| CN104938270B (en) * | 2015-05-27 | 2017-11-10 | 赵汉军 | The cultural method of arhat matrimony vine |
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| CN105325148A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-17 | 山西火品生物科技有限公司 | Wild lycium ruthenicum artificial domesticating planting method |
| CN105325147A (en) * | 2015-10-30 | 2016-02-17 | 山西火品生物科技有限公司 | Method for cultivating and planting lycium ruthenicum murray |
| CN107494114A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏苏林嘉和农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of matrimony vine |
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