CN104686138B - Pot-planting method for Ningxia wolfberry - Google Patents
Pot-planting method for Ningxia wolfberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN104686138B CN104686138B CN201510068015.6A CN201510068015A CN104686138B CN 104686138 B CN104686138 B CN 104686138B CN 201510068015 A CN201510068015 A CN 201510068015A CN 104686138 B CN104686138 B CN 104686138B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention relates to a pot-planting method for wolfberry, in particular to a pot-planting method for Ningxia wolfberry. The pot-planting method comprises the following steps: selecting a variety; selecting a seedling; preparing a pot-planting medium; planting the seedling; performing cultivation and management; training and pruning; preventing and controlling plant diseases and insect pests; selling in a market and the like; the pot-planting method further comprises the specific management methods of implementing fertilizer and water management measures, implementing a growth period pruning measure for delaying the fruiting period of budding seats, implementing an overwintering measure of a pot tree and the like. Through a wolfberry pot-planting technology provided by the invention, the fruiting period of the budding seats can be brought forward or delayed; in a facility cultivation environment in a northwest region, pot-planting wolfberry can be planted in late October; the fruit matures in mid-to-late February; the pot-planting wolfberry appears on the market 4 months earlier than outdoor wolfberry; the pot-planting wolfberry is planted in the beginning of May and the fruit matures in the end of October; the marketing period of fresh wolfberry is delayed to December. Through the wolfberry pot-planting technology, a wolfberry tree shape for ornamental and production can be cultured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for potted of Fructus Lycii, more particularly, to a kind of method for potted of lycium barbarum, belong to plant
Technical field of cultivation.
Background technology
Lycium barbarum is the famous and precious natural resources of Chinese medicinal materials of China, the uniquely medicinal lycium plant that China's pharmacopeia is recorded, lycium barbarum
Existing more than 500 year artificial culture history, its Fructus Lycii contains the nutrition such as abundant sugar, carotene, multivitamin and calcium, ferrum
Composition, has nourishing the liver and kidney, replenishing vital essence to improve eyesight, the health care of the aspect such as lung heat clearing is supporing yang, slow down aging, is ancient Chinese medicine doctor and dietetic therapy
Scholar is praised highly, " red treasured " great reputation that lycium barbarum is enjoyed great prestige as " integration of edible and medicinal herbs " type high tonic, trade at home and abroad
Market day is favored.
, based on traditional outdoor cropping mode, in the Northwest's Fructus Lycii growing area, Fructus Lycii plant is from April for lycium barbarum
Start in ten days to sprout, May branches out, and bears fruit by the end of June, growth promoter is continued until 10 bottoms, November to Second Year is in not at the beginning of 4 months
The dormancy phase.Improve constantly recently as people's health care consciousness, increasingly increase to eating Fructus Lycii demand raw, and open country Fructus Lycii plant is received
Limit to environmental condition, the listing phase eating Fructus Lycii raw can only maintain 1 month about, be unfavorable for producing, cause to eat Fructus Lycii market raw
Shortage.Lycium barbarum cultivation be based on traditional outdoor cropping, fructescence concentrate, eat raw Fructus Lycii listing the phase short it is impossible to reach
To year-round supply, can not meet and eat the Fructus Lycii market demand raw.
Potted lycium Chinese is a kind of planting type planting Fructus Lycii using container, and it has, and occupation of land is less, can put everywhere, mobile
Convenient, hide adverse circumstance, downgrade tree body, be easy to moulding and be easy to the advantages of produce and popular to people again.Potted lycium Chinese was both and can
Delay to eat Fructus Lycii shelf life raw in order to facility cultivation, living environment can be beautified as viewing and admiring potted landscape.
Patent application cn1247692a discloses " potted lycium Chinese and its cultural method ", and potted lycium Chinese includes can departing from greatly
Field survives for a long time in small flowerpot and has Fructus Lycii tree, bed soil and the basin of certain Potted Landscape Modelling, the cultivation of above-mentioned potted lycium Chinese
The cultivation such as culture method includes Fruit variety, field seedling raising is cultivated, transplanting, potted landscape cultivation.Patent application cn1539259a is public
Open " a kind of method of sweet Fructus Lycii potted dwarf ", the method is including seed selection: result became the fruit kind of age tree more than 3 years
Son, and branch cutting, annual 4-10 month or warm indoor raising of seedling, prepare substrate, the anti-disease pest of nursery stage, nursery stage humiture
The management, fertilising of nursery stage, potted plant: dwarf treatment, the management of potted landscape are it is achieved that sweet Fructus Lycii Seedling potted dwarf.
At present, mostly apply mechanically outdoor planting technique including the Fructus Lycii pot culture technology in above-mentioned being set forth in, due to potted lycium Chinese
Its particularity is had on cultivation technique, causes that potted lycium Chinese tree body is weaker, poor growth, fruit are less, ornamental value fails to fill
Split is revealed.
Content of the invention
The present invention, to meet Fructus Lycii supply requirement in market, for the purpose of increasing economic efficiency, provides a kind of technology simplicity, warp
The practical Fructus Lycii method for potted of Ji.Simultaneously as Fructus Lycii belongs to " indefinite inflorescence, continuous setting ", rich water quality management and tree-like culture
Chinese-wolfberry nutritive growth and reproductive growth must be coordinated, potted lycium Chinese technology emphasis pours for duty and waters less, often applies quick-acting fertilizer, stay less
Fruitful branch, other branches of erasing, remove sick branch, cutting back transitory branch；The present invention determines also for the above-mentioned technical characterstic of potted lycium Chinese
Technical scheme.
Technical solution of the present invention provides a kind of method for potted of Fructus Lycii, comprises the steps:
(1) Fruit variety: be chosen to that principal stresses is strong, internode is short, self-compatible power is high, disease resistance is strong, large fruit, be suitable for basin
Plant the Fructus Lycii kind of environment；
(2) source of seedling: select cuttage Seedling or the epicormic branch cuttage Seedling of last year cultivation；
(3) seedling selects: select robust plant, the seedling of no disease and pests harm, the thick 0.3～0.4cm of nursery stock base stem, plant height 30～
40cm, more than nursery stock base stem 15～20cm section has 2～3 side shoots, and root system is intact；
(4) potting media is prepared: potting media typically by rural area surface layer soil (hereinafter referred to as field soil), decomposed manure and
Thin river sand composition, wherein, Tian Tuyu fertilizer smashes respectively, sieve after (mesh size is less than 10mm), and river sand mix homogeneously；
Then a certain amount of Vermiculitum, perlite and seedling medium (addition is less than cumulative volume 1/3) can also be added, increase matrix pores
Degree and raising substrate fertility；The potting media having configured is carried out uniformly with concentration 0.1% carbendazim or 0.1% Mancozeb solution
Spray, and with plastic film seal overnight, and take off film dry in the sun does not stick to substrate and can fill basin；
(5) planting seedlings: the size according to container and seedling specification, after preprepared seedling is suitably pruned
Dress basin field planting；
(6) cultivation management: potted lycium Chinese after field planting, after temperature reaches 10 DEG C, plant starts rudiment and takes out slightly, and temperature reaches
After 18 DEG C, plant starts to budding and blooms, and the optimum temperature bloomed is 20 ± 2 DEG C, and the preference temperature of fruit development is 22～26 DEG C；
Lycium barbarum is strong positive seeds, and the suitable sunshine time of illumination is 1500～1800h, and potted lycium Chinese is general to be required to fit in temperature
Increase sunshine time as far as possible under the premise of preferably, be conducive to fruit Rapid development and fruit coloration；
(7) pruning；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(9) list marketing: fruit maturation gets final product list marketing.
Potted lycium Chinese should take warming measure to survive the winter in northern area, and the basin tree that typically survive the winter in outdoor is before soil is freeze-up
Potted lycium Chinese is imbedded underground, pours permeable；It is 40～50%, second that the basin tree surviving the winter in basin will keep basin soil relative humidity
During the early spring in year, when indoor temperature is more than 18 DEG C, basin tree should be moved to outdoor by basin tree easily rudiment in advance in time.
The volume ratio of potting media described in above-mentioned steps (4) is preferably field soil 60%, fertilizer 20%, thin river sand
20%；
Decomposed manure described in above-mentioned steps (4) is preferably decay sheep excrement, cattle manure or chicken manure, most preferably sheep stool；
In above-mentioned steps (5) potted lycium Chinese at all seasons in all can be colonized, after northern area is with fall foliage
Or relatively suitable before spring rudiment, that is, from April November to next year, wherein, 3～April field planting Fructus Lycii plant branch out soon, growth potential is strong, tie
Really early etc. characteristic.
Above-mentioned steps (6) cultivation management also includes fertilizing management and management of watering, and described fertilizing management distinguishes following rank
Section: after lamina to before budding, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, 0.3% carbamide can be sprayed, 6～10g applied every time by every basin, at interval of 5～
7d/ time；Before buddingging with fruit expanding period based on nitrogen, phosphorus and K composite fertilizer, can blade spraying phosphoric acid diamidogen and biphosphate
Potassium, at interval of 5～7d/ time；Typically it is not recommended that applying fertilizer after Fruit；For improving bud differentiation rate, can bloom in potted lycium Chinese
Phase sprays the borax soln of 2～3 times；When trophophase occurs blade Hemerocallis citrina Baroni disease, sulphuric acid can be sprayed at interval of 7～10d/ time sub-
Ferrous solution, till leaf color turns green；
Spring, summer, autumn management are distinguished in described management of watering, and pour permeable, 2 before plant lamina after general spring field planting
～4d pours 1 water, and irrigation amount maintains 1.5kg, keeps relative moisture of the soil 60% about；Summer growth is vigorous, steams
Send out that amount is big, every 3～5d pours 1 water, irrigation amount is 2kg, keep relative moisture of the soil 70% about；In fruit expanding period
Water requirement is more, suitably shortens and pours water spacer natural law；Suitably control water in the fall, in case excessive growth.
In above-mentioned steps (7), pruning includes shaping and the pruning of potted lycium Chinese, and described shaping is generally: typically waits to plant
Seedling field planting survives cuts top at rear height of seedling 30cm～50cm, in the range of 10cm～15cm under clip, selects and remain 3～4 and is grown on difference
The healthy and strong primary tiller in direction is pinched at 15cm～20cm.By nursery stock base neck, 20cm～30cm (trunk is to branch band) is sprouted upwards
The side shoot sent out is wiped out, Secondary Branch 3～4 branch as a result of primary tiller cutting back institute pumping of selecting and remain, and remaining fruitful branch is all smeared and taken；
Annual Fructus Lycii Seedling potted lycium Chinese height 80～100cm, hat width 60～70cm are advisable.Certainly also dependent on growing state and cooperation
Trim mode adjusts concrete shaping measure.
Described pruning is divided into the budding period to prune, trophophase is pruned and dormant pruning: the budding period prunes after plant rudiment
Lamina to young sprout starts growth stage and carries out, and cuts off the branch top that canopy branch winter air-dried, erase plant rhizome, trunk, hat
The sprouting of top sprouting and pumping, twig；Trophophase grows to the fallen leaves stage in plant young sprout to be carried out, and pruning is according to " wiping out apprentice
Long shoot, cutting back transitory branch, Secondary Branch of selecting and remain " principle, concrete grammar: wipe out all branches of excessive growth, transitory branch is short after 15～20cm
Cut, 5～6 transitory branches of selecting and remain, each transitory branch is selected and remain 2～3 Secondary Branchs, length is to pinch after 30～40cm, remaining Secondary Branch
All erase, and reasonably combined various branch quantity, to ensure tree body ventilation and penetrating light condition；Dormant pruning be by " cut,
Cut, stay " pruning technique, make tree crown compact firm, canopy ventilation and penetrating light, branch is many and not close, and inside and outside result is normal.
In above-mentioned steps (8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control, including the prevention and controls of Wolfberry Aphid: in Fructus Lycii lamina, new slightly trophophase
Flutter the 3500 times of liquid tree crown spraying preventing and treatings of louse aphid using 2.5%, the flowering fruit phase uses the 1200 times of liquid tree crown sprayings of 1.5% kurarinone
Preventing and treating；Also include the prevention and controls of Paratrioza sinica: spray or 1.5% kurarinone 1200 using 500 times of liquid of 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate
The spraying preventing and treating of times liquid tree crown；Also include the prevention and controls of Aculops macyodnis Keifer: using 600-800 times of sulphur colloidal suspension agent or 20% Altair
3000-4000 times of liquid tree crown spraying preventing and treating of wettable powder.
Beneficial effect:
By potted lycium Chinese technology of the present invention, can shift to an earlier date or extend Chinese wolfberry fruit setting phase, be greatly enhanced production effect
Rate and economic benefit.Under the facility cultivation environment of the Northwest, (1) potted lycium Chinese can be colonized in late October, is colonized the initial stage
Suitably shaded, inspire and branch out；Mid or late November potted lycium Chinese moves into greenhouse；Budding mid-December and bloom, setting at the beginning of 1 month, 2
Month the middle ten days and the last ten days fruit maturation, this potted lycium Chinese is than the listing in 4 months in advance of open country Fructus Lycii；(2) potted lycium Chinese at the beginning of 5 months be colonized, 6～
July takes " trophophase is pruned and delayed setting phase of buddingging " control measures (method is shown in specific embodiment), and at a time when this, northwest is high
Warm season, suitably shaded, reduce and at the beginning of nutrient consumption in tree body, August, wipe out tree body old branch and sick branch, all branches of cutting back tree body
Bar, promotes transitory branch to sprout Secondary Branch, and improves fertilizer and water supply, mid or late September potted lycium Chinese starts setting, by the end of October
Fruit maturation；This potted lycium Chinese will eat raw Fructus Lycii listing the phase extend to December.
By potted lycium Chinese technology of the present invention, can cultivate and view and admire tree-like with the production Fructus Lycii that gets both.For lycium barbarum tool
Have that increment is big, send out the characteristic that principal stresses is strong and plasticity is strong, according to personalized preference, can be trimmed to trophophase to have and abundant think
As power is tree-like, meanwhile, take into account Fructus Lycii fruiting characteristic, suitably prune fruitful branch off, keep good ventilation light transmission condition, in fruit maturation
Phase, Fructus Pyracanthae greenery, lovable, it is that one kind has higher ornamental value potted landscape resource.
Specific embodiment
Describe the inventive method below by specific embodiment.Unless stated otherwise, technology used in the present invention
Means are method known in those skilled in the art.In addition, embodiment be interpreted as illustrative, and unrestricted send out
Bright scope, the spirit and scope of the invention are limited only by the claims that follow.To those skilled in the art, do not carrying on the back
On the premise of spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes that the material component in these embodiments and consumption are carried out or are changed
Move and fall within protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of method for potted of lycium barbarum is provided, comprises the following steps:
(1) Fruit variety: be chosen to that principal stresses is strong, internode is short, self-compatible power is high, disease resistance is strong, large fruit, be suitable for basin
Plant the Fructus Lycii kind of environment, select NINGQI 1 in the present embodiment as cultivar；
(2) source of seedling: select cuttage Seedling or the epicormic branch cuttage Seedling of last year cultivation；
(3) seedling selects: select robust plant, the seedling of no disease and pests harm, the thick 0.3～0.4cm of nursery stock base stem, plant height 30～
40cm, more than nursery stock base stem 15～20cm section has 2～3 side shoots, and root system is intact；
(4) potting media is prepared: soil is Fructus Lycii growth promoter basis, and Fructus Lycii belongs to berries crop, in plant strain growth
Large quantity of moisture and nutrient substance supply is needed, the potting media of configuration should loose, fertile, draining permeability in growth course
Well, there is stronger water holding capacity.Potting media is made up of rural area surface layer soil, decomposed manure and thin river sand, its volume
Ratio be field soil 60%, fertilizer 20%, thin river sand 20%, decomposed manure select sheep stool, field soil and fertilizer smash respectively,
Sieve after (mesh size be less than 10mm), mix in proportion with river sand, be subsequently adding Vermiculitum less than cumulative volume 1/3,
Perlite and seedling medium (seedling medium is general commercial goods name, general classes all can), increase matrix porosity and raising
Substrate fertility, the substrate having configured uniformly is sprayed with concentration 0.1% carbendazim or 0.1% Mancozeb solution, and with moulding
Material film phonograph seal overnight, and take off film dry in the sun to substrate stick can fill basin；
(5) container selects: potted lycium Chinese, based on bulge, is conducive to root system to unfold to surrounding, and the species of basin often has
Earthen basin, ceramic bowl, boccaro basin and plastic tub etc., depending on basin size is according to tree body, general 1 year raw seedling select interior bore be 40～
45cm, high 25～30cm is advisable, and increases with plant strain growth and fruit yield, should increase the volume of basin year by year；
(6) planting seedlings: in the Northwest, potted lycium Chinese all can be colonized at all seasons, and with November to next year 4
The moon is advisable.Size according to container and seedling specification, are suitably pruned to preprepared seedling.New basin is soaked in water solarization
It is colonized after dry, and old basin must be colonized after sterilizing again.First, with newspaper by basin bottom outlet hole pad well, load 1/3 in basin
Substrate, by seedling be placed in basin central authorities, trunk puts into substrate perpendicular to basin bottom, surrounding, and seedling gently one is carried upwards, makes root
System unfolds completely, then side edged shake basin, so that root system is touched with soil, substrate is added to away from basin mouth 3～4cm, finally pours
Water.If soil shrinkage after watering, expose root system, earth mulch should be added and live root system.
(7) cultivation management: potted lycium Chinese after field planting, after temperature reaches 10 DEG C, plant starts rudiment and takes out slightly, and temperature reaches
After 18 DEG C, plant starts to budding and blooms, and the optimum temperature bloomed is 20 ± 2 DEG C, and the preference temperature of fruit development is 22～26 DEG C；
Lycium barbarum is strong positive seeds, and the suitable sunshine time of illumination is that in 1500～1800h, potted lycium Chinese typically requires in temperature
Increase sunshine time as far as possible under the premise of suitable, be conducive to fruit Rapid development and fruit coloration；
A, fertilizing management: potted lycium Chinese needs the species of fertilizer different in growth and development process, rationally be applied fertilizer.In exhibition
After leaf to before budding, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, spray 0.3% carbamide, 6～10g applied every time by every basin, at interval of 5～7d/ time, permissible
Promotion is nourished and grown, and makes young sprout sturdy, leaf dark green；Before buddingging with fruit expanding period based on nitrogen, phosphorus and K composite fertilizer, can
Blade spraying phosphoric acid diamidogen and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, at interval of 5～7d/ time；Typically it is not recommended that applying fertilizer after Fruit.For improving flower
Inductivity, sprays the borax soln of 2～3 times in potted lycium Chinese florescence.When there is blade Hemerocallis citrina Baroni disease in trophophase, can be every
Interval sprays copperas solution 7～10d/ time, till leaf color turns green；
B, management of watering: potted lycium Chinese watering time and irrigation amount should be according to the water holding capacity of basin soil and ambient weather changes
Depending on.Pour permeable after general spring field planting, before plant lamina, 2～4d pours 1 water, irrigation amount maintains 1.5kg, keeps
Relative moisture of the soil is 60% about；Summer growth is vigorous, evaporation capacity is big, and every 3～5d pours 1 water, and irrigation amount is 2kg,
Keep relative moisture of the soil 70% about；More in fruit expanding period water requirement, suitably shorten and pour water spacer natural law；In the fall
Suitably control water, in case excessive growth.Watering time is typically selected in the fine day morning or carries out at dusk, notes basin draining, prevent after watering
Basin endogenous cause of ill hydrops cause rotten of plant to lead to plant tree vigo(u)r weak or dead；
(8) pruning:
Shaping: Fructus Lycii plant is how dry bush, and under natural conditions, sprout tillers is grown thickly, no tree-like, in plexi, can not form section
Learn reasonably tree-like, do not utilize production management.Naturally the feature being grown according to selected Fructus Lycii and breediness, cultivate have bright
The trunk of aobvious enabling capabilities, major branch, in the tree crown of dungarunga shape.Cut at height of seedling 30cm～50cm typically after planting seedlings survive
Top, in the range of 10cm～15cm under clip, selects and remain 3～4 the healthy and strong primary tiller being grown on different directions at 15cm～20cm
Pinch.The nursery stock base neck side shoot that 20cm～30cm (trunk is to branch band) is sprouted upwards is wiped out, primary tiller cutting back institute of selecting and remain
The Secondary Branch of pumping 3～4 branch as a result, remaining fruitful branch is all smeared and is taken.Annual Fructus Lycii Seedling potted lycium Chinese height 80～
100cm, hat width 60～70cm；
Prune: be divided into the budding period to prune, trophophase is pruned and dormant pruning: the budding period prunes lamina after plant rudiment
Start growth stage to young sprout to carry out, cut off the branch top that canopy branch winter air-dried, plant rhizome of erasing, trunk, crown are sprouted
Send out and the sprouting of pumping, twig；Trophophase grows to the fallen leaves stage in plant young sprout to be carried out, pruning be according to " wipe out the branch of excessive growth,
Cutting back transitory branch, Secondary Branch of selecting and remain " principle, concrete grammar: wipe out all branches of excessive growth, transitory branch cutting back after 15～20cm, choosing
Stay 5～6 transitory branches, each transitory branch is selected and remain 2～3 Secondary Branchs, length is to pinch after 30～40cm, and remaining Secondary Branch is all smeared
Remove, and reasonably combined various branch quantity, to ensure tree body ventilation and penetrating light condition；Dormant pruning is to be repaiied by " cut, cut, staying "
Cut technology, make tree crown compact firm, canopy ventilation and penetrating light, branch is many and not close, and inside and outside result is normal.
Potted lycium Chinese can be pruned by trophophase and delay setting phase of buddingging, and its method is mainly: treat that Fructus Lycii enters growth
After phase, a small amount of branch of excessive growth is stayed to pinch after 35～50cm, the branch of excessive growth sprouts Secondary Branch cutting back in below 15cm, in selecting and remain partly
Between branch cutting back after 10～20cm, by transitory branch sprouting Secondary Branch all wipe out；Suitably reduce potted lycium Chinese fertilizer and water simultaneously
Divide supply.Budding first 2 months of setting in potted lycium Chinese, improve fertilizer and water supply, wipe out tree body old branch and sick branch, cutting back tree
The all branches of body, promote transitory branch Secondary Branch to sprout, and according to tree body growing way, each transitory branch selects and remain 2～3 Secondary Branch length to 30
Pinch after～40cm, follow-up pruning manages with above-mentioned.
(9) sick elimanating pests and preventing disease: the Major Pests of potted lycium Chinese have Wolfberry Aphid, wood louse and wart demodicid mite, the preventing and treating of Wolfberry Aphid
Method, flutters the 3500 times of liquid tree crown spraying preventing and treatings of louse aphid in Fructus Lycii lamina, new slightly trophophase using 2.5%, the flowering fruit phase uses
1.5% 1200 times of kurarinone liquid tree crown spraying preventing and treating；Paratrioza sinica prevention and controls, using the 500 times of liquid sprays of 40% phoxim emulsifiable concentrate
Spill or the 1200 times of liquid tree crown spraying preventing and treatings of 1.5% kurarinone；Aculops macyodnis Keifer prevention and controls, using 600-800 times of sulphur colloidal suspension agent
Or the 3000-4000 times of liquid tree crown spraying preventing and treating of 20% Altair wettable powder；
(10) basin tree survives the winter: potted lycium Chinese should take warming measure to survive the winter in northern area, the basin tree that typically survive the winter in outdoor
Before soil is freeze-up, potted lycium Chinese is imbedded underground, pour permeable；The basin tree surviving the winter in basin will keep basin soil relative humidity
For 40～50%, during Second Year early spring, the easily rudiment in advance of indoor temperature higher basin tree, in time basin tree should be moved to outdoor；
(11) list marketing: fruit maturation gets final product list marketing.
Embodiment 2:
(1) substantially adopt cultural method described in embodiment 1, observed and recorded different cultivars lycium barbarum pot growing,
Result is as shown in table 1.
Table 1: different cultivars lycium barbarum pot growing
From the point of view of different cultivars lycium barbarum pot growing, Ningxia 1 and NINGQI 7 all show survival rate high,
Growth potential is strong, the early flowering season is early, the characteristic more than fruitful branch, and wherein, No. 1 fruit size of NINGQI is medium, and quantity is more, and setting phase
Long；And though No. 7 fruits of NINGQI are larger, negligible amounts, setting phase are also shorter.It can be seen that, Ningxia 1 is optimum potted lycium Chinese product
Kind.
(2) substantially adopt cultural method described in embodiment 1, observed and recorded difference potting media is to No. 1 growing state of NINGQI
Impact, result is as shown in table 2.
Table 2: the impact to No. 1 growing state of NINGQI for the different potting medias
Comparatively speaking, the cultivation effect being presented using substrate (4) is best.
(3) adopt Ningxia 1 Fructus Lycii kind, keep other cultivation conditions roughly the same, observed and recorded difference trimming measure
Impact to lycium barbarum growth promoter, result is as shown in table 3.
Table 3: the impact to No. 1 growth promoter of NINGQI for the different trimming measures
The period of maturation of general open country Fructus Lycii is June-October, up to 4 months, can using " autumn delays pruning method " potted lycium Chinese
To extend 2 months period of maturation than open country Fructus Lycii, to December；Maturation can be shifted to an earlier date than open country using " early spring pruning method " potted lycium Chinese
4 months phases, listing around the Spring Festival.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of method for potted of Fructus Lycii is it is characterised in that comprise the steps:
(1) Fruit variety: be chosen to that principal stresses is strong, internode is short, self-compatible power is high, disease resistance is strong, large fruit, be suitable for potted plant ring
The Fructus Lycii kind in border；
(2) source of seedling: select cuttage Seedling or the epicormic branch cuttage Seedling of last year cultivation；
(3) seedling selects: selection robust plant, the seedling of no disease and pests harm, the thick 0.3 ~ 0.4cm of nursery stock base stem, plant height 30 ~ 40cm,
More than nursery stock base stem 15 ~ 20cm section has 2 ~ 3 side shoots, and root system is intact；
(4) potting media is prepared: potting media is made up of rural area surface layer soil, decomposed manure and thin river sand, rural area surface layer
After soil and decomposed manure are smashed respectively, are sieved, and thin river sand mix homogeneously, with concentration 0.1% carbendazim or 0.1% Mancozeb
Solution is uniformly sprayed, and with plastic film seal overnight, and takes off film dry in the sun does not stick to substrate and can fill basin；
(5) planting seedlings: the size according to container and seedling specification, fill basin after preprepared seedling is suitably pruned
Field planting；
(6) cultivation management: the optimum temperature bloomed is 20 ± 2 DEG C, the preference temperature of fruit development is 22 ~ 26 DEG C, illumination suitable
Preferably sunshine time is 1500 ~ 1800h, and potted lycium Chinese requires to increase sunshine time under the premise of proper temperature as far as possible；
(7) shaping, pruning: prune and be divided into budding period pruning, trophophase to prune and dormant pruning, budding period pruning is sprouted in plant
After bud, lamina to young sprout starts growth stage and carries out, and cuts off the branch top that canopy branch winter air-dried, erase plant rhizome, master
Dry, crown sprouts and the sprouting of pumping, twig；Trophophase grows to the fallen leaves stage in plant young sprout to be carried out, and pruning is according to " cutting
Removal of water sprouts, cutting back transitory branch, Secondary Branch of selecting and remain " principle；Dormant pruning is by " cut, cut, staying " pruning technique, makes tree crown
Compact firm, canopy ventilation and penetrating light, branch is many and not close, and inside and outside result is normal；
Described trophophase is trimmed to: enters after trophophase after Fructus Lycii, stays a small amount of branch of excessive growth to pinch after 35 ~ 50cm, the branch of excessive growth is sprouted
Send Secondary Branch cutting back in below 15cm, part of selecting and remain transitory branch cutting back after 10 ~ 20cm, transitory branch is sprouted Secondary Branch whole
Wipe out；Suitably reduce potted lycium Chinese fertilizer and water supply simultaneously；Budding first 2 months of setting in potted lycium Chinese, improve fertilizer and
Water supply, wipes out tree body old branch and sick branch, all branches of cutting back tree body, promotes transitory branch Secondary Branch to sprout, long according to tree body
Gesture, each transitory branch 2 ~ 3 Secondary Branch length of selecting and remain are pinched to 30 ~ 40cm；
(8) prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control；
(9) list marketing: fruit maturation gets final product list marketing.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of method for potted of Fructus Lycii it is characterised in that the body of the described potting media of step (4)
Long-pending ratio is rural area surface layer soil 60%, decomposed manure 20%, thin river sand 20%.
3. as claimed in claim 1 or 2 a kind of method for potted of Fructus Lycii it is characterised in that described potting media is: in rural area
Vermiculitum, perlite and seedling medium, total addition of latter three is added on the basis of surface layer soil, decomposed manure, thin river sand
Less than six cumulative volumes 1/3.
4. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of method for potted of Fructus Lycii it is characterised in that the described cultivation management of step (6) also wraps
Include fertilizing management, described fertilizing management distinguishes the following stage: after lamina to before budding, based on nitrogenous fertilizer, sprays 0.3%
Carbamide, 6 ~ 10g applied every time by every basin, at interval of 5 ~ 7 d/ time；Before buddingging with fruit expanding period with nitrogen, phosphorus and K composite fertilizer it is
Main, blade spraying phosphoric acid diamidogen and potassium dihydrogen phosphate, at interval of 5 ~ 7 d/ time；Do not apply fertilizer after Fruit；Divide for improving bud
Rate, sprays the borax soln of 2 ~ 3 times in potted lycium Chinese florescence；When there is blade Hemerocallis citrina Baroni disease in trophophase, at interval of 7 ~
Spray copperas solution 10d/ time, till leaf color turns green.
5. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of method for potted of Fructus Lycii it is characterised in that the described cultivation management of step (6) also wraps
Include management of watering, described management of watering is distinguished spring, summer, autumn management, poured permeable after spring field planting, 2 before plant lamina ~
4d pours 1 water, and irrigation amount maintains 1.5kg, keeps relative moisture of the soil 60%；Summer, every 3 ~ 5 d poured 1 water, and irrigation amount is
2kg, keeps relative moisture of the soil 70%；More in fruit expanding period water requirement, suitably shorten and pour water spacer natural law；In the fall
Suitably control water, in case excessive growth.
6. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of method for potted of Fructus Lycii it is characterised in that being shaped as described in step (7): treat seedling
Field planting survives cuts top at rear height of seedling 30cm～50cm, in the range of 10cm～15cm under clip, selects and remain 3～4 and is grown on not Tongfang
To healthy and strong primary tiller pinch at 15cm～20cm；The nursery stock base stem side shoot that 20cm～30cm is sprouted upwards is wiped out, choosing
Stay Secondary Branch 3 ~ 4 branch as a result of primary tiller cutting back institute pumping, remaining fruitful branch is all smeared and taken；Annual Fructus Lycii Seedling is potted plant
Fructus Lycii height 80 ~ 100cm, hat width 60 ~ 70cm.
7. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of method for potted of Fructus Lycii it is characterised in that in the described prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control of step (8)
Prevention and controls including Wolfberry Aphid: flutter the 3500 times of liquid tree crown sprayings of louse aphid using 2.5% and prevent in Fructus Lycii lamina, new slightly trophophase
Control, the flowering fruit phase uses the 1200 times of liquid tree crown spraying preventing and treatings of 1.5% kurarinone；Also include the prevention and controls of Paratrioza sinica: use
40% 500 times of phoxim emulsifiable concentrate liquid sprays or the 1200 times of liquid tree crown spraying preventing and treatings of 1.5% kurarinone；Also include the preventing and treating of Aculops macyodnis Keifer
Method: using 600-800 times of sulphur colloidal suspension agent or the 3000-4000 times of liquid tree crown spraying preventing and treating of 20% Altair wettable powder.
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| CN105432316B (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2019-03-26 | 岭南生态文旅股份有限公司 | Fructus lycii cuttage implantation methods for desertificated area |
| CN107006314B (en) * | 2016-01-28 | 2020-09-25 | 中国医学科学院药用植物研究所 | Method for preventing and treating goiter of Chinese wolfberry |
| CN106358916A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-01 | 广西鑫雅皇庭园林工程有限责任公司 | Method for potting nandina |
| CN107182484A (en) * | 2017-05-27 | 2017-09-22 | 镇江鑫源达园艺科技有限公司 | A kind of vegetable potted method |
| CN108293827B (en) * | 2017-08-01 | 2020-12-25 | 上饶市林业科学研究所 | Bonsai cultivation method of thick-skinned incense |
| CN107494114A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-12-22 | 江苏苏林嘉和农业科技有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of matrimony vine |
| CN108834896A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-11-20 | 宁夏正杞红枸杞产业发展有限公司 | A kind of fructus lycii implantation methods based on peaceful Qi 6 and peaceful Qi 8 |
| CN111903418A (en) * | 2020-08-28 | 2020-11-10 | 郭娜 | Transplanting method of medlar |
| CN112514727A (en) * | 2020-12-08 | 2021-03-19 | 句容市乡土树种研究所 | Coral cherry potting method for prolonging fruit period in winter |
| CN113728860B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2023-06-16 | 宁夏农林科学院枸杞科学研究所 | Light simplified medlar tree form and culture method thereof |
| CN113875539A (en) * | 2021-10-20 | 2022-01-04 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Method for manufacturing North America holly bonsai |
| CN114158410A (en) * | 2021-11-18 | 2022-03-11 | 宁夏杞泰农业科技有限公司 | Refined production method of Chinese wolfberry |
| CN114600697B (en) * | 2022-03-23 | 2023-05-16 | 吴忠市红寺堡区百瑞源枸杞产业发展有限公司 | Fertilizing method for improving hardness of fresh wolfberry fruits |
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| CN1247692A (en) * | 1999-09-20 | 2000-03-22 | 贺吉鹏 | Potted lycium Chinese and its cultivation method |
| CN1253073C (en) * | 2003-10-28 | 2006-04-26 | 窦春宁 | Method for potted shorty seedlings of sweet medlar |
| CN101138308A (en) * | 2006-09-07 | 2008-03-12 | 宁夏农林科学院 | Method for preventing and controlling matrimony vine diseases and pests |
| CN101176407A (en) * | 2007-04-14 | 2008-05-14 | 冯立田 | Artificial cultivation technique for black fruit medlar in alkaline land |
| TW201031319A (en) * | 2009-02-26 | 2010-09-01 | Zhong-Peng Tian | Cultivation method of potting fruit tree |
| CN102511258B (en) * | 2011-11-18 | 2013-10-02 | 高万功 | Container seedling-raising method for greenhouse of Chinese wolfberry |
| CN104303935B (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2016-11-09 | 镇江万山红遍农业园 | A kind of breeding method of the dual-purpose single trunk shape matrimony vine potted landscape of leaf fruit |
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