CN105075764B - A kind of cultural method of blueberry - Google Patents
A kind of cultural method of blueberry Download PDFInfo
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- CN105075764B CN105075764B CN201410162233.1A CN201410162233A CN105075764B CN 105075764 B CN105075764 B CN 105075764B CN 201410162233 A CN201410162233 A CN 201410162233A CN 105075764 B CN105075764 B CN 105075764B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of blueberry, after annual May chooses blueberry plant, in annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in June, dig out and be colonized in flowerpot after blueberry plucks fruit, it is 4~5.5 that pH value is contained with flowerpot, and the content of organic matter is 5%~12% improved soil, after field planting, slow seedling at room temperature, company pour 2~3 water, are defined by irrigating；Blueberry moisture is controlled after the completion of slow seedling；The blueberry for having flower_bud formation is moved into freezer in mid or late August and carries out temperature control growth, the freezer is by 15~20 DEG C, 1 DEG C of cooling daily, progressively it is cooled to 3 DEG C, final temperature control is at 3~3 DEG C, after being placed 30~35 days in freezer, freezer 1 DEG C of increase daily, when temperature reaches 15~20 DEG C, blueberry is transferred to greenhouse by freezer and carries out heating management, yield positive results, wherein, florescence preference temperature is 10~18 DEG C, fruit growth preference temperature is 12~32 DEG C, the blueberry of this method cultivation compensate for the blank without blueberry fresh fruit before especially Spring Festival China's winter, also new high-grade fruit is increased in two big festive occasions for our people.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultural method of a planting fruit-trees, more particularly to a kind of cultural method of blueberry.
Background technology
Blueberry, scientific name blueberry, belong to Ericaceae blueberry plant.Due to fruit in blueness, originate in and main product the U.S. and
It is commonly called as " American blueberry ".Blueberry averagely weighs 0.5~2.5 gram, and maximum 5 grams of weight, fruit colour is beautiful, pleasing, and fruit is indigo plant
Color and one layer of white fruit powder, pulp it is fine and smooth, seed is minimum, edible rate 100%, and light fragrance, sweet and sour palatability, is one
Eat good merchantable brand raw.In Blueberry except routine sugar, acid and VC outside, rich in VE, VA, VB, ursin, protein, anthocyanin, food
With the mineral matter element such as fiber and abundant potassium, iron, zinc, calcium.Blueberry is except for there is extremely strong medical value in addition to eating raw
And alimentary health-care function, international food and agricultural organization are classified as one of five big healthy food of the mankind.It is worth just because of blueberry nutrient
Height, deep lovers like, in addition to big southern high fever area, various regions have been cultivated in China, and especially the greenhouse production technology of blueberry is more
It is to have obtained widely promotion and application.
In patent CN101720607A, disclose a kind of greenhouse production blueberry technology, using special formulation Nutrition Soil and
Cultural method, planted using greenhouse to develop blueberry, this cultural method floor space is big, it is impossible to effective utilization space, makes
Income is obtained to decline to a great extent.
In patent CN102523975A, one kind is disclosed under the conditions of warmhouse booth, is carried out using mobile tank blue
The cultural method of the certain kind of berries, this cultivation technique need to be combined with the management regulation of non-casing blueberry cultivation, therefore improve soil profit
It is extremely limited with rate, it is restricted also relatively strong, blueberry can not be supplied in time according to the demand in market, do not expand well in addition
The market space of blueberry, so as to influence the economic benefit that blueberry can be brought.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above problems, present inventor has performed studying with keen determination, as a result find：It is cold by being moved into potted plant blueberry
Storehouse carries out temperature control growth, then moves into greenhouse and carries out reproductive growth, can ahead of time yield positive results, so as to reach whole year production, make up
Blank without blueberry fresh fruit before China's winter especially Spring Festival, so as to complete the present invention.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of blueberry, this method includes：
(1) annual May, produced in blueberry greenhouse, select Lan Feng, up to one kind in soft, Mei Deng and northern land or more
Kind, wherein, selection result rate is 70~80%, and fruit average diameter is 1.5~2.5cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, and fruity is fragrant
5~10 years raw blueberry plant of sweet tea；
(2) in annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in June, after Blueberry harvesting, selected blueberry plant is dug out from soil, it is fixed
To plant in flowerpot, be contained with improved soil in flowerpot, the pH value of the improved soil is 4~5.5, the content of organic matter is 5%~
12%；
(3) after being colonized, slow seedling, company pour 2~3 water, are defined by irrigating, the soil water is controlled after the completion of slow seedling at room temperature
Point, wherein, moisture is the 15% of soil gross weight, it is kept drought status, carries out nutrient growth；
(4) in mid or late August, the potted plant blueberry for having flower_bud formation is moved into freezer and carries out temperature control growth, the freezer temperature
Degree is by 15~20 DEG C, 1 DEG C of cooling, is progressively cooled to -3 DEG C daily, and hereafter, the maximum temperature of freezer is 3 DEG C, minimum temperature
For -3 DEG C, daily temperature of ice house circulates between -3 DEG C and 3 DEG C；
(5) after blueberry places 30~35 days in freezer, temperature of ice house increases by 1 DEG C daily, when temperature of ice house reaches 15
At~20 DEG C, blueberry is transferred to greenhouse by freezer, carries out reproductive growth, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12~20 DEG C；
(6) in blueberry florescence, temperature control in greenhouse is at 10~18 DEG C；
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12~32 DEG C.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of blueberry, and after blueberry moves into freezer, temperature of ice house is by 17 DEG C
Start, daily 1 DEG C of cooling.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of blueberry, removes potted plant blueberry when temperature is 15 DEG C in the morning
Go out freezer.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of blueberry, wherein improved soil includes 45wt% table soil,
5wt% basin soil is husky, 15wt% black earth, 15wt% rotten mosses ash, and 20wt% decomposed old cow dung, and the improvement
Soil is used cooperatively with Cosan, wherein being combined with 0.5Kg Cosan in every cubic metre of improved soil.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of blueberry, wherein it is preferred that 5~7 years raw blueberry plant.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of blueberry, beehive was moved into temperature in 2~3 days before blueberry is bloomed
Pollinated room.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of blueberry, simple water is carried out in the cultivation of blueberry
Fertilizer management, from ammonium sulfate top dressing, per basin, 5~10g, watering are once irrigated and are defined for about 4~5 days every time.
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of cultural method of blueberry, after potted plant blueberry is transferred to greenhouse by freezer, greenhouse
Temperature control is at 15 DEG C.
A kind of cultural method of blueberry provided by the invention, fresh fruit is not only set to do sth. in advance maturation, fruit is big, of fine quality, reaches the anniversary
Production, and by potted plant production conveniently moving, move towards the places such as town and country huge numbers of families and supermarket and hotel, you can as potted landscape
View and admire, can allow people are home-confined to strip fresh fruit at any time edible again, experience the unique humorous of the Nature.More prominent is to use basin
Small investment is planted, quick, cultivation technique is simple, receives suitable for popular orchard worker, high financial profit.
Embodiment
Below by the present invention is described in detail, the features and advantages of the invention will become more with these explanations
To be clear, clear and definite.
A kind of cultural method of blueberry is provided according to the present invention, this method includes：
(1) annual May, produced in blueberry greenhouse, select Lan Feng, up to the one or more in soft, Mei Deng and northern land,
Wherein, selection result rate is 70~80%, and fruit average diameter is 1.5~2.5cm and size is homogeneous, and dehiscent fruit, fruity be not fragrant and sweet
5~10 years raw blueberry plant；
(2) in annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in June, after Blueberry harvesting, selected blueberry plant is dug out from soil, it is fixed
To plant in flowerpot, be contained with improved soil in flowerpot, the pH value of the improved soil is 4~5.5, the content of organic matter is 5%~
12%；
(3) after being colonized, slow seedling, company pour 2~3 water, are defined by irrigating, the soil water is controlled after the completion of slow seedling at room temperature
Point, wherein, moisture is the 15% of soil gross weight, it is kept drought status, carries out nutrient growth；
(4) in mid or late August, the potted plant blueberry for having flower_bud formation is moved into freezer and carries out temperature control growth, the freezer temperature
Degree is by 15~20 DEG C, 1 DEG C of cooling, is progressively cooled to -3 DEG C daily, and hereafter, the maximum temperature of freezer is 3 DEG C, minimum temperature
For -3 DEG C, daily temperature of ice house circulates between -3 DEG C and 3 DEG C；
(5) after blueberry places 30~35 days in freezer, temperature of ice house increases by 1 DEG C daily, when temperature of ice house reaches 15
At~20 DEG C, blueberry is transferred to greenhouse by freezer, carries out reproductive growth, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12~20 DEG C；
(6) in blueberry florescence, temperature control in greenhouse is at 10~18 DEG C；
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12~32 DEG C.
In cultural method of the present invention, the improved soil pH value held in flowerpot is 4~5.5, the content of organic matter
For 5%~12%, because blueberry root system is shallower, and more sensitive to pH value, therefore this content of organic matter is high, and to be acid
Soil is advantageous to the growth of blueberry, after field planting, carries out a slow seedling process at room temperature, supplements enough moisture and blueberry is existed
New environment is can adapt to after transplanting so as to restoration ecosystem, after slow seedling process terminates, moisture is controlled to soil, made in soil
Moisture control makes its keep arid, so that blueberry is since vigorous nutrient growth the 15% of soil gross weight
Reproductive growth.There to be the potted plant blueberry of flower_bud formation, preferably there is the potted plant blueberry of full flower_bud formation to move into freezer and carry out temperature control
Production, freezer is by 15~20 DEG C, 1 DEG C of cooling, is progressively cooled to -3 DEG C, at this temperature, can effectively freeze blueberry daily
Blade, hereafter the maximum temperature of freezer be 3 DEG C, minimum temperature be -3 DEG C, daily temperature of ice house circulates between -3 DEG C and 3 DEG C
It is one or many, temperature of ice house alternate cycles between maximum temperature and minimum temperature, be advantageous to coming off for blueberry blade, so as to
Contribute to the reproductive growth of blueberry.After being placed 30~35 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C daily, and temperature reaches 15~20 DEG C
When, blueberry is taken out of into freezer, wherein, when preferably temperature is low in the morning, in particular it is preferred to take out of freezer at 10 DEG C, go out freezer
Afterwards, blueberry is moved into greenhouse.Blueberry, which takes out of, to be needed after freezer to pour in time permeable, and the moisture that so ensureing soil has abundance supplies its root
System absorbs.When carrying out heating management in greenhouse, blueberry is gradually bloomed after greenhouse temperature is 12~20 DEG C, 40 days, temperature when blooming
Degree should be lower, and optimal temperature is 10~18 DEG C in greenhouse, and temperature, which is 10~18 DEG C, contributes to blueberry column cap to keep moistening,
Be advantageous to pollinate, especially, in Blueberry growth period, the preference temperature in greenhouse is 12 DEG C~32 DEG C, as a result period, 3~5 days
Watering once, is defined by irrigating, and the nearly ripe phase reduces water supply amount, with anti-fruit-cracking.It can be plucked before the Spring Festival, the collecting period sustainable 2
Individual month or so.
In cultural method of the present invention, potted plant blueberry is moved into freezer and carries out temperature control production, then is transferred to greenhouse and enters
Row reproductive growth, it is intended that blueberry is forced dormancy under the low temperature environment artificially created, blueberry can be promoted early to meet low temperature,
Early dormancy, after doing sth. in advance dormancy, then run into suitable temperature could ahead of time yield positive results, so as to reach the anniversary of blueberry life
Production, the market launched in time, especially compensate for the blank without blueberry fresh fruit before especially Spring Festival China's winter, is also Chinese people
The people increase new high-grade fruit in two big festive occasions.Meanwhile this temperature control method also ensure that the percentage of fertile fruit of blueberry, be brought for orchard worker
Optimal economic benefit.
In cultural method of the present invention, the kind of blueberry for Lan Feng, up to one kind in soft, Mei Deng and northern land or more
Kind.The blueberry of the aforementioned four kind of selection can be formed ahead of time with self-flowering fruiting in the case where summer high temperature is rainy
Flower, adapted soil ability is strong, and the requirement to soil is less strict, meanwhile, robust plant, without that can be cultivated through frost, and dormancy
Branch will not be drained afterwards, especially, select multiple kind blueberry collocation cultivations, can improve blueberry yield, be brought for orchard worker considerable
Economic benefit.
According to a kind of cultural method of blueberry provided by the invention, after blueberry moves into freezer, freezer is by 17 DEG C, daily
1 DEG C of cooling, use in of the invention and progressively cool, give time enough and cause blueberry disleave, so as to be advantageous to the reproduction of blueberry
Growth.
According to a kind of cultural method of blueberry provided by the invention, potted plant blueberry is taken out of when temperature is 10 DEG C in the morning cold
Storehouse, gradually heat up, be advantageous to the reproductive growth of blueberry.
According to a kind of cultural method of blueberry provided by the invention, improved soil includes 45wt% table soil, 5wt% basin
It is native husky, 15wt% black earth, 15wt% rotten mosses ash, and 20wt% decomposed old cow dung, and the improved soil and sulphur
Sulphur powder is used cooperatively, wherein being combined with 0.5Kg Cosan in every cubic metre of improved soil.
Improved soil of the present invention with for a kind of organic content is high, loose good permeability, well-drained acid soil.
Because blueberry is extremely sensitive to the pH value of soil, most blueberry is adapted to grow in the soil that PH is 3.5~5.5；If PH
Value is more than 5.5, is unfavorable for the growth of blueberry, often causes the growth retardation of blueberry, and leaf chlorosis are as a result bad.In addition, blueberry
Root Distribution is shallow, unrooted hair, therefore requires that the soil porosity of cultivation blueberry is high, and ventilation drainability is strong；Meanwhile also require soil
The middle content of organic matter is high, and at least 5%, it is 5%~12% especially, the above-mentioned requirements based on blueberry to soil, in of the invention
Improved soil include 45wt% table soil, the soil of 3~10 centimeters of the table soil preferred distance earth's surface, in particular it is preferred to away from
Soil of 3 centimeters from earth's surface, because the table soil PH is 7~7.2, and the content of organic matter is low, is unsatisfactory for the growth of blueberry, therefore will
It is improved.In the present invention, in 45wt% table soil, it is husky to add 5wt% basin soil, 15wt% black earth,
15wt% turf, 20wt% decomposed old cow dung are uniformly mixed to prepare improved soil, the improved soil and and Cosan
Well mixed, wherein adding 0.5Kg Cosan in every cubic metre of improved soil, it is 4~5.5 that PH is uniformly made after mixing,
The content of organic matter is 5%~12% and loose ventilation is good, the soil suitable for the growth of blueberry.
In improved soil of the present invention, one of the composition of black earth as improved soil, because its organic substance is averaged
Content is 3%~10%, is a kind of special soil for being particularly conducive to crop growth, adding 15wt% black earth can increase
The content of organic matter of soil；The turf is the product in formation process of bog, is not decomposed containing large quantity of moisture and thoroughly
Plant residue, humus and a part of mineral matter, its content of organic matter is more than 30%, and quality is soft to be easy to fragmentary, proportion
0.7~1.05, more be in brown or black, has inspiratory, and pH value is generally 5.5~6.5, is reacted in subacidity, therefore addition
The acidity of 15wt% turf, not only integrally-regulated soil, the gas permeability and fertilizer-preserving ability of soil after improvement can be improved, and
Be advantageous to improve the content of organics in soil, have additional nutrients composition, substantially increases blueberry plant strain growth character, improves fresh fruit
Commodity property, reach optimal economic effect；The decomposed old cow dung is also a kind of good organic fertilizer, and its nutrition is neat
Entirely, microorganism is enriched, and salinity is low, adds the suitable 20wt% decomposed old cow dung, and the growth to plant has significant rush
Enter effect, but dosage is no more than 20wt%, otherwise can burn seedlings；5wt% basins soil sand is added, the logical of improved soil can be increased
Gas drainage；In addition, adding appropriate sulphur, especially, 0.5Kg Cosan is added in every cubic metre of improved soil, can
Effectively to adjust the acidity of improved soil so that soil has suitable pH value, is advantageous to the growth of blueberry.
According to a kind of cultural method of blueberry provided by the invention, in annual May, produced in blueberry greenhouse, selection is blue
It is rich, up to the one or more in soft, Mei Deng and northern land, wherein, selection result rate be 70~80%, fruit average diameter be 1.5
~2.5cm and size is homogeneous, dehiscent fruit, 5~10 years fragrant and sweet raw blueberry plant of fruity do not carry out temperature control growths, can bloomed ahead of time
As a result, and result is big, and yield is high, and fruity is fragrant and sweet；In particular it is preferred to 5~7 years raw blueberry plant, due to 5~7 years raw indigo plant
Certain kind of berries robust plant, tree vigo(u)r is strong, dig out soil it is potted plant after accommodative ability of environment it is strong, survival rate is high.Treat that 5~7 years raw blueberries are adopted
After plucking fruit, soil is dug out, is colonized in after carrying out temperature control growth in flowerpot, can be yielded positive results ahead of time, growing way is good.
According to a kind of cultural method of blueberry provided by the invention, beehive is moved into greenhouse and entered within 2~3 days before blueberry is bloomed
Row pollination.Beehive is moved into greenhouse it is pollinated within 2~3 days before blueberry is bloomed, to improve yield, 60 days or so after fruit setting
Fruit maturation, and percentage of fertile fruit is high.
According to a kind of cultural method of blueberry provided by the invention, simple liquid manure pipe is carried out in the cultivation of blueberry
Reason, from ammonium sulfate top dressing, per basin, 5~10g, watering are once irrigated and are defined for about 4~5 days every time.Especially, in potted plant blueberry
Go out top dressing in 10 days or so before freezer, can be florescence and fruit growth period that potted plant blueberry go out after freezer due to applying fertilizer before flowering
Enough nutritional ingredients are provided, so as to improve percentage of fertile fruit.
In the cultural method of the present invention, the water and fertilizer management of use is simple and convenient, easily operated, does not apply fertilizer typically,
Fertilizer deficiency is such as found, ammonium sulfate can be increased.Because blueberry belongs to the system of fibrous root, Root Distribution is shallow, very thin not have root hair, drought-resistant ability
Difference is, it is necessary to ensure the ability that the enough moistenings of soil could keep Root Absorption moisture, once water deficient, very thin absorption root
Come off, can not recover for a long time and influence the yield grown with blueberry of plant.Therefore in the course of cultivation, it is ensured that soil
The high moisture of earth, but ponding is unable to, therefore select watering 4~5 days once, it is defined by irrigating.In addition, blueberry is happiness ammonium nitrogen
One planting fruit-trees, there is stronger absorbability than nitrate nitrogen to the ammonium nitrogen in soil, in particular it is preferred to ammonium sulfate, every time 5 per basin
~10 grams, blueberry is more sensitive to fertilizer in addition, should not be more than 10g per each dose of basin, otherwise root system is damaged.
According to a kind of cultural method of blueberry provided by the invention, after potted plant blueberry is transferred to greenhouse by freezer, greenhouse temperature
Control is at 15 DEG C, at this temperature, promotes blueberry to bloom.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below by way of instantiation.But embodiment is only exemplary, not to this hair
Bright protection domain forms any restrictions.
Below in described embodiment and comparative example, blueberry plant used is as follows：
Northern land (Northland),
Up to soft (Darrow),
Lan Feng (Bluecrop),
(Blomidon) steps in U.S.A,
Early indigo plant (Earliblue).
Embodiment 1
(1) May 10 days, produced in blueberry and one plant of 5 years raw northern land is selected in greenhouse, its fruiting rate is 80%, and fruit is put down
A diameter of 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, dehiscent fruit, fruity be not fragrant and sweet；
(2) June 15 days, after the northern land picking fruit of selection, dig out, be colonized in flowerpot from soil, in flowerpot
Improved soil is contained with, improved soil is by 450g table soil, and 50g basin soil is husky, 150g black earth, 150g turf, 200g's
Decomposed old cow dung is well mixed, and then mixes, stirs with 5g Cosans；
(3) after being colonized, slow seedling, connects and pours 2 water, be defined by irrigating at room temperature, and after 10 days, slow seedling is completed, and controls blueberry
Moisture, it is set to keep drought status；
(4) August 22 days, freezer is moved into the northern land for having flower_bud formation and carries out temperature control production, the freezer is by 15 DEG C,
1 DEG C of cooling daily, is progressively cooled to -3 DEG C, hereafter, daily maximum temperature is arranged to 3 DEG C in freezer, and minimum temperature is arranged to -3
DEG C, circulated daily between maximum temperature and minimum temperature；
(5) after northern land places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C, when temperature reaches 15 DEG C daily, blueberry in the morning by
Freezer is transferred to greenhouse, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C；
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 10 DEG C；
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
(1) May 9 days, produced in blueberry and one plant of 5 years raw northern land is selected in greenhouse, its fruiting rate is 80%, and fruit is average
A diameter of 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, dehiscent fruit, fruity be not fragrant and sweet；
(2) June 20 days, after the northern land picking fruit of selection, dig out, be colonized in flowerpot from soil, in flowerpot
Improved soil is contained with, improved soil is by 450g table soil, and 50g basin soil is husky, 150g black earth, 150g turf, 200g's
Decomposed old cow dung is well mixed, and then mixes, stirs with 5g Cosans；
(3) after being colonized, slow seedling, connects and pours 2 water, be defined by irrigating at room temperature, and after 10 days, slow seedling is completed, and controls blueberry
Moisture, it is set to keep drought status；
(4) August 28 days, freezer is moved into the northern land for having flower_bud formation and carries out temperature control production, the freezer is by 15 DEG C,
1 DEG C of cooling daily, is progressively cooled to -3 DEG C, hereafter, daily maximum temperature is arranged to 3 DEG C in freezer, and minimum temperature is arranged to -3
DEG C, circulated daily between maximum temperature and minimum temperature；
(5) after northern land places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C, when temperature reaches 20 DEG C daily, blueberry in the morning by
Freezer is transferred to greenhouse, and greenhouse temperature is 20 DEG C；
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 18 DEG C；
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 32 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
(1) May 2 days, produce in greenhouse that one plant of selection 6 years is raw up to soft, and its fruiting rate is 70%, and fruit is average in blueberry
A diameter of 2cm and size is homogeneous, dehiscent fruit, fruity be not fragrant and sweet；
(2) June 18 days, after selection reach soft picking fruit after, dig out, be colonized in flowerpot from soil, in flowerpot
Improved soil is contained with, improved soil is by 450g table soil, and 50g basin soil is husky, 150g black earth, 150g turf, 200g's
Decomposed old cow dung is well mixed, and then mixes, stirs with 5g Cosans；
(3) after being colonized, slow seedling, connects and pours 3 water, be defined by irrigating at room temperature, and after 10 days, slow seedling is completed, and controls blueberry
Moisture, it is set to keep drought status,
(4) August 25 days, the soft freezer of moving into that reaches for having flower_bud formation is subjected to temperature control production, the freezer is by 15 DEG C,
1 DEG C of cooling daily, is progressively cooled to -3 DEG C, hereafter, daily maximum temperature is arranged to 3 DEG C in freezer, and minimum temperature is arranged to -3
DEG C, circulated daily between maximum temperature and minimum temperature；
(5) up to it is soft placed 30 days in freezer after, freezer increases by 1 DEG C, when temperature reaches 15 DEG C daily, blueberry in the morning by
Freezer is transferred to greenhouse, and greenhouse temperature is 15 DEG C；
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 14 DEG C；
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 22 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
(1) May 5 days, produce one plant of 7 years raw U.S.A of selection in greenhouse in blueberry and step on, its fruiting rate is 80%, and fruit is average
A diameter of 1.5cm and size is homogeneous, dehiscent fruit, fruity be not fragrant and sweet；
(2) June 15 days, after picking fruit is stepped on by U.S.A of selection, dig out, be colonized in flowerpot from soil, in flowerpot
Improved soil is contained with, improved soil is by 450g table soil, and 50g basin soil is husky, 150g black earth, 150g turf, 200g's
Decomposed old cow dung is well mixed, and then mixes, stirs with 5g Cosans；
(3) after being colonized, slow seedling, connects and pours 2 water, be defined by irrigating at room temperature, and after 10 days, slow seedling is completed, and controls blueberry
Moisture, it is set to keep drought status；
(4) August 22 days, freezer is moved into the northern land for having flower_bud formation and carries out temperature control production, the freezer is by 18 DEG C,
1 DEG C of cooling daily, is progressively cooled to -3 DEG C, hereafter, daily maximum temperature is arranged to 3 DEG C in freezer, and minimum temperature is arranged to -3
DEG C, circulated daily between maximum temperature and minimum temperature；
(5) U.S.A is stepped in freezer place 30 days after, freezer increases by 1 DEG C, when temperature reaches 15 DEG C daily, blueberry in the morning by
Freezer is transferred to greenhouse, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C；
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 16 DEG C；
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 20 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
(1) May 10 days, produce in greenhouse that one plant of selection 10 years is raw blue rich, and its fruiting rate is 70%, and fruit is put down in blueberry
A diameter of 2cm and size is homogeneous, dehiscent fruit, fruity be not fragrant and sweet；
(2) June 23 days, after the blue rich picking fruit of selection, dig out, be colonized in flowerpot from soil, in flowerpot
Improved soil is contained with, improved soil is by 450g table soil, and 50g basin soil is husky, 150g black earth, 150g turf, 200g's
Decomposed old cow dung is well mixed, and then mixes, stirs with 5g Cosans；
(3) after being colonized, slow seedling, connects and pours 2 water, be defined by irrigating at room temperature, and after 10 days, slow seedling is completed, and controls blueberry
Moisture, it is set to keep drought status；
(4) August 22 days, the blue rich freezer of moving into for having flower_bud formation is subjected to temperature control production, the freezer is by 20 DEG C,
1 DEG C of cooling daily, is progressively cooled to -3 DEG C, hereafter, daily maximum temperature is arranged to 3 DEG C in freezer, and minimum temperature is arranged to -3
DEG C, circulated daily between maximum temperature and minimum temperature；
(5) after Lan Feng places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C, when temperature reaches 15 DEG C daily, blueberry in the morning by
Freezer is transferred to greenhouse, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C；
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 18 DEG C；
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 32 DEG C.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
Embodiment 1 is repeated, wherein, change northern land as early indigo plant.
Comparative example 2
(1) May 10 days, produced in blueberry and one plant of 5 years raw northern land is selected in greenhouse, its fruiting rate is 80%, and fruit is put down
A diameter of 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, dehiscent fruit, fruity be not fragrant and sweet；
(2) June 15 days, after the northern land picking fruit of selection, dig out, be colonized in flowerpot from soil, in flowerpot
Improved soil is contained with, improved soil is by 450g table soil, and 50g basin soil is husky, 150g black earth, 150g turf, 200g's
Decomposed old cow dung is well mixed, and then mixes, stirs with 5g Cosans；
(3) after being colonized, slow seedling, connects and pours 2 water, be defined by irrigating at room temperature, and after 10 days, slow seedling is completed, and controls blueberry
Moisture, it is set to keep drought status；
(4) August 22 days, freezer is moved into the northern land for having flower_bud formation and carries out temperature control production, the freezer is by 15 DEG C,
1 DEG C of cooling daily, is progressively cooled to 7 DEG C；
(5) after northern land places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C, when temperature reaches 15 DEG C daily, blueberry in the morning by
Freezer is transferred to greenhouse, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C；
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 10 DEG C；
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 DEG C.
Comparative example 3
(1) May 10 days, produced in blueberry and one plant of 5 years raw northern land is selected in greenhouse, its fruiting rate is 80%, and fruit is put down
A diameter of 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, dehiscent fruit, fruity be not fragrant and sweet；
(2) June 15 days, after the northern land picking fruit of selection, dig out, be colonized in flowerpot from soil, in flowerpot
Improved soil is contained with, improved soil is by 450g table soil, and 50g basin soil is husky, 150g black earth, 150g turf, 200g's
Decomposed old cow dung is well mixed, and then mixes, stirs with 5g Cosans；
(3) after being colonized, slow seedling, connects and pours 2 water, be defined by irrigating at room temperature, and after 10 days, slow seedling is completed, and controls blueberry
Moisture, it is set to keep drought status；
(4) August 22 days, freezer is moved into the northern land for having flower_bud formation and carries out temperature control production, the freezer is -3 DEG C；
(5) after northern land places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C, when temperature reaches 15 DEG C daily, blueberry in the morning by
Freezer is transferred to greenhouse, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C；
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 10 DEG C；
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 DEG C.
Comparative example 4
(1) May 10 days, produced in blueberry and one plant of 4 years raw northern land is selected in greenhouse, its fruiting rate is 60%, and fruit is put down
A diameter of 1cm and size is homogeneous, dehiscent fruit, fruity be not fragrant and sweet；
(2) June 15 days, after the northern land picking fruit of selection, dig out, be colonized in flowerpot from soil, in flowerpot
Improved soil is contained with, improved soil is by 450g table soil, and 50g basin soil is husky, 150g black earth, 150g turf, 200g's
Decomposed old cow dung is well mixed, and then mixes, stirs with 5g Cosans；
(3) after being colonized, slow seedling, connects and pours 2 water, be defined by irrigating at room temperature, and after 10 days, slow seedling is completed, and controls blueberry
Moisture, it is set to keep drought status；
(4) August 22 days, freezer is moved into the northern land for having flower_bud formation and carries out temperature control production, the freezer is by 15 DEG C,
1 DEG C of cooling daily, is progressively cooled to -3 DEG C；
(5) after northern land places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C, when temperature reaches 15 DEG C daily, blueberry in the morning by
Freezer is transferred to greenhouse, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C；
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 10 DEG C；
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 DEG C.
Test example
After potted plant blueberry in embodiment and comparative example is moved into freezer progress temperature control growth, if bloom, if result,
Whether fruit is homogeneous to be observed, and the diameter of the fruit of result in embodiment and comparative example is measured, and fruit is entered
Row is tasted, as a result as shown in table 1：.
Table 1
The present invention is described in detail above in association with embodiment and exemplary example, but these explanations are simultaneously
It is not considered as limiting the invention.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention,
A variety of equivalencing, modification or improvement can be carried out to technical solution of the present invention and embodiments thereof, these each fall within the present invention
In the range of.Protection scope of the present invention is determined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of cultural method of blueberry, it is characterised in that this method includes：
(1) annual May, produced in blueberry greenhouse, select Lan Feng, up to the one or more in soft, Mei Deng and northern land, wherein,
Selection result rate is 70~80%, and fruit average diameter is 1.5~2.5cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, fruity it is fragrant and sweet 5~
10 years raw blueberry plant；
(2) in annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in June, after Blueberry harvesting, selected blueberry plant is dug out from soil, is colonized in
In flowerpot, improved soil is contained with flowerpot, the pH value of the improved soil is 4~5.5, and the content of organic matter is 5%~12%；
(3) after being colonized, slow seedling, company pour 2~3 water, are defined by irrigating at room temperature, the soil moisture control after the completion of slow seedling,
Wherein, moisture is the 15% of soil gross weight, it is kept drought status, carries out nutrient growth；
(4) in mid or late August, the potted plant blueberry for having flower_bud formation is moved into freezer and carries out temperature control growth, the temperature of ice house by
17 DEG C of beginnings, 1 DEG C of cooling, is progressively cooled to -3 DEG C daily, and hereafter, the maximum temperature of freezer is 3 DEG C, and minimum temperature is -3 DEG C,
Daily temperature of ice house circulates between -3 DEG C and 3 DEG C；
(5) after blueberry places 30~35 days in freezer, temperature of ice house increases by 1 DEG C daily, when temperature of ice house reaches 15~20
DEG C when, blueberry is transferred to greenhouse by freezer, carries out reproductive growth, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12~20 DEG C；
(6) beehive was moved into greenhouse in 2~3 days before blueberry is bloomed to be pollinated；In blueberry florescence, temperature control in greenhouse exists
10~18 DEG C；
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12~32 DEG C；
The improved soil includes 45wt% table soil, and 5wt% basin soil is husky, 15wt% black earth, 15wt% rotten mosses ash, and
20wt% decomposed old cow dung, and the improved soil is used cooperatively with Cosan, wherein every cubic metre of improved soil
In be combined with 0.5Kg Cosan.
2. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that take out of potted plant blueberry when temperature is 10 DEG C in the morning
Freezer.
3. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that select 5~7 years raw blueberry plant.
4. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that blueberry it is potted plant during carry out simple liquid manure
Management, from ammonium sulfate top dressing, per basin, 5~10g, watering are once irrigated and are defined for 4~5 days every time.
5. cultural method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that after potted plant blueberry is transferred to greenhouse by freezer, greenhouse temperature
Degree control is at 15 DEG C.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106376421A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-02-08 | 贵州省仁怀市金水湾果业有限公司 | Planting method of blueberry trees |
| CN107409737A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-12-01 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of container culturing method of the organic high yield of blueberry |
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| CN107258419A (en) * | 2016-09-12 | 2017-10-20 | 杭州中垦生物科技有限公司 | The blueberry cultivation method of two crops a year |
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| CN107018846A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-08 | 贵州省仁怀市金水湾果业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of blueberry |
| CN109220439A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2019-01-18 | 重庆市农业科学院 | Blueberry potted plant growth technology |
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