CN105075764A - Cultivation method of blueberries - Google Patents
Cultivation method of blueberries Download PDFInfo
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- CN105075764A CN105075764A CN201410162233.1A CN201410162233A CN105075764A CN 105075764 A CN105075764 A CN 105075764A CN 201410162233 A CN201410162233 A CN 201410162233A CN 105075764 A CN105075764 A CN 105075764A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cultivation method of blueberries. The cultivation method comprises following steps: selecting blueberry plants in May of each year; picking and digging out blueberry fruits to be planted into flowerpots filled with improved soil having PH value of 4 to 5.5 and organic content of 5% to 12%; rejuvenating seedlings at indoor temperature and continuously watering thoroughly for 2 to 3 times after planting; controlling moisture of blueberries after seedlings are rejuvenated; and carrying blueberries with flower buds into a refrigeration house in mid-to-end of August for growth by controlling temperature. Starting from 15 to 20 DEG C, temperature of the refrigeration house decreases by 1 DEG C each day and gradually to minus 3 DEG C and finally is controlled within the temperature range from minus 3 to 3 DEG C. After the blueberries are disposed for 30 to 35 days in the refrigeration house, temperature of the refrigeration house increases 1 DEG C each day. In the temperature range from 15 to 20 DEG C, blueberries are transferred to a greenhouse from the refrigeration house for management by increasing temperature and blossom and yield fruits. The proper temperature of a flower season ranges from 10 to 18 DEG C. The proper temperature for growth of fruits ranges from 12 to 32 DEG C. The cultivation method of blueberries has following beneficial effects: fresh blueberry fruits are harvested in winter of China, especially before Spring Festival; and high-grade fruits are obtained by people in China during the period between two major festivals.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the cultivation method of a planting fruit-trees, particularly a kind of cultivation method of blueberry.
Background technology
Blueberry, formal name used at school blueberry, belongs to Ericaceae blueberry plant.Because fruit is in blue, originate in and main product ground U.S. and being commonly called as " American blueberry ".Blueberry on average weighs 0.5 ~ 2.5 gram, maximum heavy 5 grams, and fruit colour is beautiful, pleasing, fruit be blue and one deck white fruit powder, pulp exquisiteness, seed is minimum, and edible rate is 100%, and light fragrance, and sweet and sour palatability is eat good merchantable brand raw.Except the sugar of routine in Blueberry, acid and VC outside, be rich in the mineral matter elements such as VE, VA, VB, ursin, protein, anthocyanin, dietary fibre and abundant potassium, iron, zinc, calcium.Blueberry also has extremely strong medical value and alimentary health-care function except except eating raw, and international food and agricultural organization is classified as one of large healthy food of the mankind five.Be worth high just because of blueberry nutrient, dark lovers like, China is except large southern height thermally district, and various places are cultivated all, and especially the booth production technology of blueberry obtains promotion and application widely especially.
In patent CN101720607A, disclose a kind of greenhouse culture blueberry technology, adopt special formulation Nutrition Soil and cultivation method, utilize greenhouse to develop blueberry plantation, this cultivation method floor space is large, effectively can not utilize space, income is declined to a great extent.
In patent CN102523975A, disclose a kind of under green house condition, mobile tank is utilized to carry out the cultivation method of blueberry, this culture technique needs to combine with the management regulation of non-casing blueberry cultivation, therefore land utilization rate is improved very limited, restricted also comparatively strong, blueberry can not be supplied in time according to the demand in market in addition, well do not expand the market space of blueberry, thus affect the economic benefit that blueberry can bring.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problem, present inventor has performed and study with keen determination, found that: carry out temperature control growth by moving into freezer to potted plant blueberry, then move into greenhouse and carry out reproductive growth, can early flowering result, thus reach whole year production, compensate for China winter especially before the Spring Festival without the blank of blueberry fresh fruit, thus complete the present invention.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method of blueberry, the method comprises:
(1) the annual May, produce in booth at blueberry, select Lan Feng, reach in soft, Mei Deng and northern land one or more, wherein, selection result rate is 70 ~ 80%, and fruit average diameter is 1.5 ~ 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, the blueberry plant of fruity life in fragrant and sweet 5 ~ 10 years;
(2) in annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in June, after Blueberry is gathered, dug out by selected blueberry plant, be colonizated in flowerpot, be contained with improvement soil in flowerpot from soil, the pH value of described improvement soil is 4 ~ 5.5, and the content of organic matter is 5% ~ 12%;
(3) after field planting, at room temperature slow seedling, connect and water 2 ~ 3 water, be as the criterion to irrigate, soil moisture control after slow seedling completes, wherein, moisture is 15% of soil gross weight, makes it keep drought status, nourishes and grows;
(4) in mid or late August, move into freezer by there being the potted plant blueberry of flower_bud formation and carry out temperature control growth, described temperature of ice house is by 15 ~ 20 DEG C, lower the temperature 1 DEG C every day, progressively be cooled to-3 DEG C, after this, the maximum temperature of freezer is 3 DEG C, minimum temperature is-3 DEG C, and every day, temperature of ice house circulated between-3 DEG C and 3 DEG C;
(5) after blueberry places 30 ~ 35 days in freezer, temperature of ice house increases by 1 DEG C every day, and when temperature of ice house reaches 15 ~ 20 DEG C, blueberry is proceeded to greenhouse by freezer, carry out reproductive growth, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 ~ 20 DEG C;
(6) in blueberry flowering stage, temperature control in greenhouse is at 10 ~ 18 DEG C;
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 ~ 32 DEG C.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method of blueberry, after blueberry moves into freezer, temperature of ice house, by 17 DEG C, lowers the temperature 1 DEG C every day.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method of blueberry, when temperature is 15 DEG C in the morning, potted plant blueberry is taken out of freezer.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method of blueberry, wherein improve the table soil that soil comprises 45wt%, the basin soil of 5wt% is husky, the black earth of 15wt%, the peat composed of rotten mosses ash of 15wt%, with the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed of 20wt%, and described improvement soil and Cosan with the use of, be wherein combined with the Cosan of 0.5Kg in the improvement soil of every cubic metre.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method of blueberry, the blueberry plant of wherein preferably life in 5 ~ 7 years.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method of blueberry, within 2 ~ 3 days before blueberry is bloomed, beehive is moved into greenhouse and pollinates.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method of blueberry, in the cultivation of blueberry, carry out simple water and fertilizer management, select ammonium sulfate to topdress, each 5 ~ 10g of every basin, water about 4 ~ 5 days once, irrigate and be as the criterion.
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of cultivation method of blueberry, after potted plant blueberry proceeds to greenhouse by freezer, temperature control in greenhouse is at 15 DEG C.
The cultivation method of a kind of blueberry provided by the invention, not only make fresh fruit premature ripening, fruit is large, of fine quality, reach whole year production, and by potted plant production conveniently moving, move towards town and country huge numbers of families and the place such as supermarket and hotel, can view and admire as potted landscape, can allow again people are home-confined to strip fresh fruit edible at any time, the uniqueness experiencing the Nature is humorous.More outstanding is adopt potted plant small investment, instant effect, and culture technique is simple, is suitable for popular orchard worker and accepts, high financial profit.
Embodiment
Below by the present invention is described in detail, the features and advantages of the invention will illustrate along with these and become more clear, clear and definite.
According to the cultivation method that the invention provides a kind of blueberry, the method comprises:
(1) annual May, produce in booth at blueberry, select Lan Feng, reach in soft, Mei Deng and northern land one or more, wherein, selection result rate is 70 ~ 80%, and fruit average diameter is 1.5 ~ 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, the blueberry plant of fruity life in fragrant and sweet 5 ~ 10 years;
(2) in annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in June, after Blueberry is gathered, dug out by selected blueberry plant, be colonizated in flowerpot, be contained with improvement soil in flowerpot from soil, the pH value of described improvement soil is 4 ~ 5.5, and the content of organic matter is 5% ~ 12%;
(3) after field planting, at room temperature slow seedling, connect and water 2 ~ 3 water, be as the criterion to irrigate, soil moisture control after slow seedling completes, wherein, moisture is 15% of soil gross weight, makes it keep drought status, nourishes and grows;
(4) in mid or late August, move into freezer by there being the potted plant blueberry of flower_bud formation and carry out temperature control growth, described temperature of ice house is by 15 ~ 20 DEG C, lower the temperature 1 DEG C every day, progressively be cooled to-3 DEG C, after this, the maximum temperature of freezer is 3 DEG C, minimum temperature is-3 DEG C, and every day, temperature of ice house circulated between-3 DEG C and 3 DEG C;
(5) after blueberry places 30 ~ 35 days in freezer, temperature of ice house increases by 1 DEG C every day, and when temperature of ice house reaches 15 ~ 20 DEG C, blueberry is proceeded to greenhouse by freezer, carry out reproductive growth, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 ~ 20 DEG C;
(6) in blueberry flowering stage, temperature control in greenhouse is at 10 ~ 18 DEG C;
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 ~ 32 DEG C.
In cultivation method of the present invention, the improvement soil pH value held in flowerpot is 4 ~ 5.5, the content of organic matter is 5% ~ 12%, because blueberry root system is more shallow, and it is comparatively responsive to pH value, therefore this content of organic matter is high, and be the growth that acid soil is conducive to blueberry, after field planting, at room temperature carry out a slow seedling process, supplementary enough moisture makes blueberry can adapt to new environment thus restoration ecosystem after transplanting, after slow seedling process terminates, moisture is controlled to soil, the moisture in soil is made to control in 15% of soil gross weight, it is made to keep arid, thus make blueberry reproductive growth from vigorous nourishing and growing.The potted plant blueberry of flower_bud formation will be had, the potted plant blueberry preferably having full flower_bud formation is moved into freezer and is carried out temperature control production, freezer is by 15 ~ 20 DEG C, lower the temperature 1 DEG C every day, progressively be cooled to-3 DEG C, at this temperature, can the blade of effective freezing blueberry, after this maximum temperature of freezer is 3 DEG C, minimum temperature is-3 DEG C, temperature of ice house every day circulation primary or repeatedly, temperature of ice house is alternate cycles between maximum temperature and minimum temperature between-3 DEG C and 3 DEG C, be conducive to coming off of blueberry blade, thus contribute to the reproductive growth of blueberry.Place after 30 ~ 35 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C every day, when temperature reaches 15 ~ 20 DEG C, blueberry is taken out of freezer, wherein, when preferably temperature is low in the morning, especially, preferably 10 DEG C time, takes out of freezer, after going out freezer, blueberry is moved into greenhouse.Blueberry needs to water in time permeable after taking out of freezer, ensure that soil has sufficient moisture for its Root Absorption like this.When carrying out in greenhouse heating management, greenhouse temperature is 12 ~ 20 DEG C, and after 40 days, blueberry is bloomed gradually, when blooming, temperature should be lower, and in greenhouse, optimal temperature is 10 ~ 18 DEG C, temperature be 10 ~ 18 DEG C contribute to blueberry column cap keep moistening, be conducive to pollination, especially, in Blueberry vegetative period, the preference temperature in greenhouse is 12 DEG C ~ 32 DEG C, between fruiting period, within 3 ~ 5 days, water once, be as the criterion to irrigate, the nearly ripe phase reduces water supply, with anti-fruit-cracking.Can pluck before the Spring Festival, sustainable about 2 months of picking period.
In cultivation method of the present invention, potted plant blueberry is moved into freezer and carries out temperature control production, proceed to greenhouse again and carry out reproductive growth, its object is to, blueberry is forced to dormancy under the artificial low temperature environment created, blueberry can be impelled early to meet low temperature, early dormancy, after dormancy ahead of time, run into suitable temperature ability early flowering result again, thus reach the whole year production of blueberry, the market of throwing in time, especially compensate for China winter especially before the Spring Festival without the blank of blueberry fresh fruit, also increase new high-grade fruit for our people in two large festive occasions.Meanwhile, this temperature control method also ensure that the percentage of fertile fruit of blueberry, for orchard worker brings best economic benefit.
In cultivation method of the present invention, the kind of blueberry is Lan Feng, it is soft to reach, one or more in Mei Deng and northern land.The blueberry of the above-mentioned four strains selected all can self-flowering fruiting, all can form flower ahead of time when summer high temperature is rainy, adapted soil ability is strong, not quite strict to the requirement of soil, simultaneously, robust plant, without the need to just cultivating through frost, and after dormancy, branch can not be drained, especially, select multiple kind blueberry to arrange in pairs or groups to cultivate, blueberry output can be improved, for orchard worker brings considerable economic benefit.
According to the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry provided by the invention, after blueberry moves into freezer, freezer, by 17 DEG C, is lowered the temperature 1 DEG C every day, is adopted and progressively lower the temperature in the present invention, gives time enough and makes blueberry disleave, thus be conducive to the reproductive growth of blueberry.
According to the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry provided by the invention, when temperature is 10 DEG C in the morning, potted plant blueberry is taken out of freezer, heat up gradually, be conducive to the reproductive growth of blueberry.
According to the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry provided by the invention, improvement soil comprises the table soil of 45wt%, the basin soil of 5wt% is husky, the black earth of 15wt%, the peat composed of rotten mosses ash of 15wt%, with the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed of 20wt%, and described improvement soil and Cosan with the use of, be wherein combined with the Cosan of 0.5Kg in the improvement soil of every cubic metre.
Improvement soil of the present invention be a kind of organic content high, loosen good permeability, well-drained acid ground.Because blueberry is very responsive to the pH value of soil, most blueberry is adapted at PH and grows in the soil of 3.5 ~ 5.5; If pH value is greater than 5.5, be unfavorable for the growth of blueberry, often cause the growth retardation of blueberry, leaf chlorosis, result is bad.In addition, blueberry Root Distribution is shallow, unrooted hair, therefore requires that the soil porosity of cultivation blueberry is high, and ventilation bar outlet capacity is strong; Meanwhile, also require that soil with organic matter content is high, be at least 5%, especially, be 5% ~ 12%, based on the above-mentioned requirements of blueberry to soil, improvement soil in the present invention comprises the table soil of 45wt%, the soil on 3 ~ 10 centimeters, the native preferred distance earth's surface of described table, especially, the soil that preferred distance earth's surface is 3 centimeters, because the native PH of described table is 7 ~ 7.2, and the content of organic matter is low, do not meet the growth of blueberry, therefore will improve it.In the present invention, in the table soil of 45wt%, the basin soil adding 5wt% is husky, the black earth of 15wt%, the peat composed of rotten mosses of 15wt%, the old cow dung Homogeneous phase mixing the become thoroughly decomposed obtained improvement soil of 20wt%, described improvement soil mixes with Cosan again, wherein adds the Cosan of 0.5Kg in the improvement soil of every cubic metre, and after Homogeneous phase mixing, obtained PH is 4 ~ 5.5, the content of organic matter is 5% ~ 12% and loosens ventilation well, is suitable for the soil of the growth of blueberry.
In improvement soil of the present invention, black earth is as one of improvement the content of soil, because its organic substance average content is 3% ~ 10%, be a kind of special soil being particularly conducive to crop growth, the black earth adding 15wt% can increase the content of organic matter of soil, the described peat composed of rotten mosses is the product in formation process of bog, containing large quantity of moisture with not by the plant residue thoroughly decomposed, humus and a part of mineral matter, its content of organic matter is more than 30%, quality is soft is easy to fragmentary, proportion 0.7 ~ 1.05, many in brown or black, have inspiratory, pH value is generally 5.5 ~ 6.5, react in subacidity, therefore the peat composed of rotten mosses of 15wt% is added, the not only acidity of integrally-regulated soil, gas permeability and the fertilizer-preserving ability of the rear soil of improvement can be improved, and be conducive to improving the content of organics in soil, have additional nutrients composition, substantially increase blueberry plant strain growth proterties, improve fresh fruit commodity property, reach best economic effect, the described old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed also is a kind of well organic manure, and its nutrition is complete, and microorganism is enriched, salinity is low, adds the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed described in suitable 20wt%, has significant facilitation to the growth of plant, but consumption is no more than 20wt%, otherwise seedling can be burnt, add 5wt% basin soil husky, the ventilation bar water-based of improvement soil can be increased, in addition, add appropriate sulphur, especially, in the improvement soil of every cubic metre, add the Cosan of 0.5Kg, effectively can regulate the acidity of improvement soil, make soil have suitable pH value, be conducive to the growth of blueberry.
According to the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry provided by the invention, in annual May, produce in booth at blueberry, select Lan Feng, reach in soft, Mei Deng and northern land one or more, wherein, selection result rate is 70 ~ 80%, and fruit average diameter is 1.5 ~ 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, the blueberry plant of fruity life in fragrant and sweet 5 ~ 10 years carries out temperature control growth, can early flowering result, and result is large, productive rate is high, and fruity is fragrant and sweet; Especially, the blueberry plant of preferably life in 5 ~ 7 years, due to the blueberry robust plant of life in 5 ~ 7 years, tree vigo(u)r is strong, and dig out the potted plant rear accommodative ability of environment of soil strong, survival rate is high.Blueberry until life in 5 ~ 7 years is plucked after fruit, digs out soil, is colonizated in after carrying out temperature control growth in flowerpot, can early flowering result, and growing way is good.
According to the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry provided by the invention, within 2 ~ 3 days before blueberry is bloomed, beehive is moved into greenhouse and pollinates.Within 2 ~ 3 days before blueberry is bloomed, beehive is moved into greenhouse it is pollinated, to improve output, about 60 days fruit maturations after setting, and percentage of fertile fruit is high.
According to the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry provided by the invention, in the cultivation of blueberry, carry out simple water and fertilizer management, select ammonium sulfate to topdress, each 5 ~ 10g of every basin, water about 4 ~ 5 days once, irrigate and be as the criterion.Especially, go out freezer at potted plant blueberry and topdress for first about 10 days, owing to applying fertilizer before flowering, can be potted plant blueberry go out freezer after florescence and fruit growth period enough nutrient components are provided, thus improve percentage of fertile fruit.
In described cultivation method of the present invention, the water and fertilizer management of employing is simple and convenient, is easy to operation, does not generally apply fertilizer, and as found fertilizer deficiency, can enrich ammonium sulfate.Because blueberry belongs to the system of fibrous root, Root Distribution is shallow, very thin do not have root hair, drought-resistant ability is poor, need the moistening ability that could keep Root Absorption moisture ensureing that soil is enough, once water deficient, very thin Absorbance linear-combination Spectrophotometry comes off, and can not recover for a long time and affect growing and the output of blueberry of plant.Therefore in the course of cultivation, the high moisture of soil be ensured, but can not ponding, therefore select to water 4 ~ 5 days once, be as the criterion to irrigate.In addition, blueberry is a planting fruit-trees of happiness ammonium nitrogen, has stronger absorbing capacity to the ammonium nitrogen in soil than nitrate nitrogen, especially, preferably sulfuric acid ammonium, each 5 ~ 10 grams of every basin, blueberry is comparatively responsive to fertilizer in addition, and each fertilizing amount of every basin more than 10g, otherwise should not damage root system.
According to the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry provided by the invention, after potted plant blueberry proceeds to greenhouse by freezer, temperature control in greenhouse, at 15 DEG C, at this temperature, promotes that blueberry is bloomed.
Embodiment
The present invention is further described below by way of instantiation.But embodiment is only exemplary, does not form any restriction to protection scope of the present invention.
In embodiment described below and comparative example, blueberry plant used is as follows:
Land, north (Northland),
Reach soft (Darrow),
Lan Feng (Bluecrop),
U.S.A steps on (Blomidon),
Early blue (Earliblue).
Embodiment 1
(1) May 10, produce the northern land selecting strain life in 5 years in booth at blueberry, its fruiting rate is 80%, and fruit average diameter is 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, and fruity is fragrant and sweet;
(2) June 15, after the northern land picking fruit selected, dig out from soil, be colonizated in flowerpot, improvement soil is contained with in flowerpot, improvement soil is by the table soil of 450g, and the basin soil of 50g is husky, the black earth of 150g, the peat composed of rotten mosses of 150g, the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed of 200g mixes, and then with the mixing of 5g Cosan, stirs;
(3) after field planting, at room temperature slow seedling, connect and water 2 water, be as the criterion to irrigate, after 10 days, slow seedling completes, and controls blueberry moisture, makes it keep drought status;
(4) August 22, move into freezer by there being the northern land of flower_bud formation and carry out temperature control production, described freezer is by 15 DEG C, lower the temperature 1 DEG C every day, progressively be cooled to-3 DEG C, after this, in freezer, maximum temperature is set to 3 DEG C every day, minimum temperature is set to-3 DEG C, and every day circulates between maximum temperature and minimum temperature;
(5) after northern land places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C every day, and when temperature reaches 15 DEG C, blueberry proceeds to greenhouse by freezer in the morning, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C;
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 10 DEG C;
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 DEG C.
Embodiment 2
(1) May 9, produce the northern land selecting strain life in 5 years in booth at blueberry, its fruiting rate is 80%, and fruit average diameter is 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, and fruity is fragrant and sweet;
(2) June 20, after the northern land picking fruit selected, dig out from soil, be colonizated in flowerpot, improvement soil is contained with in flowerpot, improvement soil is by the table soil of 450g, and the basin soil of 50g is husky, the black earth of 150g, the peat composed of rotten mosses of 150g, the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed of 200g mixes, and then with the mixing of 5g Cosan, stirs;
(3) after field planting, at room temperature slow seedling, connect and water 2 water, be as the criterion to irrigate, after 10 days, slow seedling completes, and controls blueberry moisture, makes it keep drought status;
(4) August 28, move into freezer by there being the northern land of flower_bud formation and carry out temperature control production, described freezer is by 15 DEG C, lower the temperature 1 DEG C every day, progressively be cooled to-3 DEG C, after this, in freezer, maximum temperature is set to 3 DEG C every day, minimum temperature is set to-3 DEG C, and every day circulates between maximum temperature and minimum temperature;
(5) after northern land places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C every day, and when temperature reaches 20 DEG C, blueberry proceeds to greenhouse by freezer in the morning, and greenhouse temperature is 20 DEG C;
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 18 DEG C;
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 32 DEG C.
Embodiment 3
(1) May 2, produce in booth at blueberry and select reaching of strain life in 6 years soft, its fruiting rate is 70%, and fruit average diameter is 2cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, and fruity is fragrant and sweet;
(2) June 18, wait select reach soft picking fruit after, dig out from soil, be colonizated in flowerpot, improvement soil is contained with in flowerpot, improvement soil is by the table soil of 450g, and the basin soil of 50g is husky, the black earth of 150g, the peat composed of rotten mosses of 150g, the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed of 200g mixes, and then with the mixing of 5g Cosan, stirs;
(3) after field planting, at room temperature slow seedling, connect and water 3 water, be as the criterion to irrigate, after 10 days, slow seedling completes, and controls blueberry moisture, makes it keep drought status,
(4) August 25, temperature control production is carried out by there being the soft freezer of moving into that reaches of flower_bud formation, described freezer is by 15 DEG C, lower the temperature 1 DEG C every day, progressively be cooled to-3 DEG C, after this, in freezer, maximum temperature is set to 3 DEG C every day, minimum temperature is set to-3 DEG C, and every day circulates between maximum temperature and minimum temperature;
(5) reach and softly to place after 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C every day, and when temperature reaches 15 DEG C, blueberry proceeds to greenhouse by freezer in the morning, and greenhouse temperature is 15 DEG C;
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 14 DEG C;
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 22 DEG C.
Embodiment 4
(1) May 5, produce in booth at blueberry and select U.S.A of strain life in 7 years to step on, its fruiting rate is 80%, and fruit average diameter is 1.5cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, and fruity is fragrant and sweet;
(2) June 15, after picking fruit is stepped on by the U.S.A selected, dig out from soil, be colonizated in flowerpot, improvement soil is contained with in flowerpot, improvement soil is by the table soil of 450g, and the basin soil of 50g is husky, the black earth of 150g, the peat composed of rotten mosses of 150g, the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed of 200g mixes, and then with the mixing of 5g Cosan, stirs;
(3) after field planting, at room temperature slow seedling, connect and water 2 water, be as the criterion to irrigate, after 10 days, slow seedling completes, and controls blueberry moisture, makes it keep drought status;
(4) August 22, move into freezer by there being the northern land of flower_bud formation and carry out temperature control production, described freezer is by 18 DEG C, lower the temperature 1 DEG C every day, progressively be cooled to-3 DEG C, after this, in freezer, maximum temperature is set to 3 DEG C every day, minimum temperature is set to-3 DEG C, and every day circulates between maximum temperature and minimum temperature;
(5) U.S.A steps on and places after 30 days in freezer, and freezer increases by 1 DEG C every day, and when temperature reaches 15 DEG C, blueberry proceeds to greenhouse by freezer in the morning, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C;
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 16 DEG C;
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 20 DEG C.
Embodiment 5
(1) May 10, produce in booth at blueberry and select the indigo plant of strain life in 10 years rich, its fruiting rate is 70%, and fruit average diameter is 2cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, and fruity is fragrant and sweet;
(2) June 23, after the rich picking fruit of the indigo plant selected, dig out from soil, be colonizated in flowerpot, improvement soil is contained with in flowerpot, improvement soil is by the table soil of 450g, and the basin soil of 50g is husky, the black earth of 150g, the peat composed of rotten mosses of 150g, the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed of 200g mixes, and then with the mixing of 5g Cosan, stirs;
(3) after field planting, at room temperature slow seedling, connect and water 2 water, be as the criterion to irrigate, after 10 days, slow seedling completes, and controls blueberry moisture, makes it keep drought status;
(4) August 22, temperature control production is carried out by there being the rich freezer of moving into of the indigo plant of flower_bud formation, described freezer is by 20 DEG C, lower the temperature 1 DEG C every day, progressively be cooled to-3 DEG C, after this, in freezer, maximum temperature is set to 3 DEG C every day, minimum temperature is set to-3 DEG C, and every day circulates between maximum temperature and minimum temperature;
(5) after Lan Feng places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C every day, and when temperature reaches 15 DEG C, blueberry proceeds to greenhouse by freezer in the morning, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C;
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 18 DEG C;
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 32 DEG C.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
Repeat embodiment 1, wherein, change northern land for early blue.
Comparative example 2
(1) May 10, produce the northern land selecting strain life in 5 years in booth at blueberry, its fruiting rate is 80%, and fruit average diameter is 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, and fruity is fragrant and sweet;
(2) June 15, after the northern land picking fruit selected, dig out from soil, be colonizated in flowerpot, improvement soil is contained with in flowerpot, improvement soil is by the table soil of 450g, and the basin soil of 50g is husky, the black earth of 150g, the peat composed of rotten mosses of 150g, the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed of 200g mixes, and then with the mixing of 5g Cosan, stirs;
(3) after field planting, at room temperature slow seedling, connect and water 2 water, be as the criterion to irrigate, after 10 days, slow seedling completes, and controls blueberry moisture, makes it keep drought status;
(4) August 22, move into freezer carry out temperature control production by there being the northern land of flower_bud formation, described freezer, by 15 DEG C, is lowered the temperature 1 DEG C every day, is progressively cooled to 7 DEG C;
(5) after northern land places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C every day, and when temperature reaches 15 DEG C, blueberry proceeds to greenhouse by freezer in the morning, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C;
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 10 DEG C;
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 DEG C.
Comparative example 3
(1) May 10, produce the northern land selecting strain life in 5 years in booth at blueberry, its fruiting rate is 80%, and fruit average diameter is 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, and fruity is fragrant and sweet;
(2) June 15, after the northern land picking fruit selected, dig out from soil, be colonizated in flowerpot, improvement soil is contained with in flowerpot, improvement soil is by the table soil of 450g, and the basin soil of 50g is husky, the black earth of 150g, the peat composed of rotten mosses of 150g, the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed of 200g mixes, and then with the mixing of 5g Cosan, stirs;
(3) after field planting, at room temperature slow seedling, connect and water 2 water, be as the criterion to irrigate, after 10 days, slow seedling completes, and controls blueberry moisture, makes it keep drought status;
(4) August 22, move into freezer by there being the northern land of flower_bud formation and carry out temperature control production, described freezer is-3 DEG C;
(5) after northern land places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C every day, and when temperature reaches 15 DEG C, blueberry proceeds to greenhouse by freezer in the morning, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C;
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 10 DEG C;
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 DEG C.
Comparative example 4
(1) May 10, produce the northern land selecting strain life in 4 years in booth at blueberry, its fruiting rate is 60%, and fruit average diameter is 1cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, and fruity is fragrant and sweet;
(2) June 15, after the northern land picking fruit selected, dig out from soil, be colonizated in flowerpot, improvement soil is contained with in flowerpot, improvement soil is by the table soil of 450g, and the basin soil of 50g is husky, the black earth of 150g, the peat composed of rotten mosses of 150g, the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed of 200g mixes, and then with the mixing of 5g Cosan, stirs;
(3) after field planting, at room temperature slow seedling, connect and water 2 water, be as the criterion to irrigate, after 10 days, slow seedling completes, and controls blueberry moisture, makes it keep drought status;
(4) August 22, move into freezer carry out temperature control production by there being the northern land of flower_bud formation, described freezer, by 15 DEG C, is lowered the temperature 1 DEG C every day, is progressively cooled to-3 DEG C;
(5) after northern land places 30 days in freezer, freezer increases by 1 DEG C every day, and when temperature reaches 15 DEG C, blueberry proceeds to greenhouse by freezer in the morning, and greenhouse temperature is 12 DEG C;
(6) after about 40 days, bloom, wherein, greenhouse temperature is 10 DEG C;
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 DEG C.
Test example
Potted plant blueberry in embodiment and comparative example is moved into after freezer carries out temperature control growth, whether bloom, whether result, whether fruit is homogeneous observes, and the diameter of the fruit of result in embodiment and comparative example is measured, taste fruit, result is as shown in table 1:.
Table 1
More than in conjunction with embodiment and exemplary example to invention has been detailed description, but these explanations can not be interpreted as limitation of the present invention.It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that when not departing from spirit and scope of the invention, can carry out multiple equivalencing, modification or improvement to technical solution of the present invention and embodiment thereof, these all fall within the scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with claims.
Claims (8)
1. a cultivation method for blueberry, is characterized in that, the method comprises:
(1) annual May, produce in booth at blueberry, select Lan Feng, reach in soft, Mei Deng and northern land one or more, wherein, selection result rate is 70 ~ 80%, and fruit average diameter is 1.5 ~ 2.5cm and size is homogeneous, not dehiscent fruit, the blueberry plant of fruity life in fragrant and sweet 5 ~ 10 years;
(2) in annual the middle ten days and the last ten days in June, after Blueberry is gathered, dug out by selected blueberry plant, be colonizated in flowerpot, be contained with improvement soil in flowerpot from soil, the pH value of described improvement soil is 4 ~ 5.5, and the content of organic matter is 5% ~ 12%;
(3) after field planting, at room temperature slow seedling, connect and water 2 ~ 3 water, be as the criterion to irrigate, soil moisture control after slow seedling completes, wherein, moisture is 15% of soil gross weight, makes it keep drought status, nourishes and grows;
(4) in mid or late August, move into freezer by there being the potted plant blueberry of flower_bud formation and carry out temperature control growth, described temperature of ice house is by 15 ~ 20 DEG C, lower the temperature 1 DEG C every day, progressively be cooled to-3 DEG C, after this, the maximum temperature of freezer is 3 DEG C, minimum temperature is-3 DEG C, and every day, temperature of ice house circulated between-3 DEG C and 3 DEG C;
(5) after blueberry places 30 ~ 35 days in freezer, temperature of ice house increases by 1 DEG C every day, and when temperature of ice house reaches 15 ~ 20 DEG C, blueberry is proceeded to greenhouse by freezer, carry out reproductive growth, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 ~ 20 DEG C;
(6) in blueberry flowering stage, temperature control in greenhouse is at 10 ~ 18 DEG C;
(7) in Blueberry growth cycle, temperature control in greenhouse is at 12 ~ 32 DEG C.
2. the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry according to claim 1, is characterized in that, after described blueberry moves into freezer, temperature of ice house, by 17 DEG C, lowers the temperature 1 DEG C every day.
3. the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry according to claim 1, is characterized in that, when temperature is 10 DEG C in the morning, potted plant blueberry is taken out of freezer.
4. the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described improvement soil comprises the table soil of 45wt%, the basin soil of 5wt% is husky, the black earth of 15wt%, the peat composed of rotten mosses ash of 15wt%, and the old cow dung become thoroughly decomposed of 20wt%, and described improvement soil and Cosan with the use of, be wherein combined with the Cosan of 0.5Kg in the improvement soil of every cubic metre.
5. the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the blueberry plant of preferably life in 5 ~ 7 years.
6. the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry according to claim 1, is characterized in that, within 2 ~ 3 days before blueberry is bloomed, beehive is moved into greenhouse and pollinates.
7. the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry according to claim 1, is characterized in that, carries out simple water and fertilizer management, select ammonium sulfate to topdress in the potted plant process of blueberry, each 5 ~ 10g of every basin, waters about 4 ~ 5 days once, irrigates and be as the criterion.
8. the cultivation method of a kind of blueberry according to claim 8, is characterized in that, after potted plant blueberry proceeds to greenhouse by freezer, temperature control in greenhouse is at 15 DEG C.
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| CN107018846A (en) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-08 | 贵州省仁怀市金水湾果业有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of blueberry |
| CN107242095A (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2017-10-13 | 安徽紫约农业科技有限公司 | A kind of blueberry pollinizers configure cultural method |
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| CN107409737A (en) * | 2017-09-13 | 2017-12-01 | 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所 | A kind of container culturing method of the organic high yield of blueberry |
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| CN111527977A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-08-14 | 青岛沙北头农业科技有限公司 | Berry cultivation method capable of customizing time to appear on market without regional limitation |
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