CN102113445B - Method for raising seedlings of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by efficient twig cuttage propagation - Google Patents
Method for raising seedlings of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by efficient twig cuttage propagation Download PDFInfo
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- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by efficient twig cuttage propagation, particularly relates to a method for obtaining Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by low-cost and efficient cuttage, which directly adopts mountain red soil (raw soil) as matrix and belongs to the technical field of cuttage seedling raising. Since mountain red soil (raw soil) has certain permeability, good water retaining capacity and less harmful bacteria, the method directly adopts mountain red soil as matrix for raising seedlings of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by twig cuttage, so as to increase the rooting rate and survival rate of the seedlings of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis obtained by twig cuttage. The invention relates to a low-cost asexual propagation technology for Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by twig cuttage. By use of the method provided by the method, the propagation coefficient is high, the seedling raising is not affected by seed size, the raised seedlings have relatively stable traits, the individual plant in a cutting orchard can provide 50-70 coppice shoots, and the ear length is 10 cm. The method has wide prospect of industrialization. The capacity of supplying Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis seedlings is greatly improved by virtue of the generalization and application of the method, and great economic, social and ecological benefits are generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of pinus khasys by efficient cutting propagation, in particular to a method for obtaining pinus khasys by low-cost and efficient cutting by directly adopting red soil (raw soil) in mountainous regions as a matrix, belonging to the technical field of cutting seedling.
Background
Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis is a special fast-growing wood and resin-producing tree species in Yunnan province, and Pinus kesiya grows fast, has short felling period, good material quality, high lipid yield, strong ecological adaptability and high lipid yield, is a pioneer tree species and a wood-lipid dual-purpose tree species for afforestation in tropical mountainous regions in south Asia, and has extremely important economic value and ecological significance. The area of the tree species with the largest forest area of pinus khasys in the Puer forest area is 98.20 kilohm2The accumulation amount of the living standing trees is 8637.50 ten thousand meters3The method plays a significant role in the development of the Yunnan green industry.
Like other pine trees, pinus khasys belongs to the tree species which are difficult to root by cutting. At present, pinus khasys is still mainly propagated in a sexual mode, character segregation is easy to occur in offspring propagated by seeds, offspring cannot fully inherit the excellent characters of parents, and asexual propagation can overcome the defects of sexual propagation, so that the excellent characters of the female parents are maintained, the product properties are consistent, the forest is tidy, and intensive operation is facilitated. However, in the present situation, the yield of the improved pinus khasys seeds is less than 100kg every year, the improved seeds are limited, and particularly the high-yield improved seeds cannot meet the requirements of afforestation at all.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to overcome the defects of the conventional sexual propagation mode of pinus khasys seeds, and provides a low-cost pinus khasys twig cutting vegetative propagation technology, the pinus khasys subjected to cutting seedling culture can be subjected to mass propagation, the propagation coefficient is high, the seedling culture cannot be influenced by the seeds in the year and the year, the characters are relatively stable, and the supply capacity of fine pinus khasys seedlings is improved.
The invention also aims to directly adopt the mountain red soil as a substrate to perform cuttage seedling raising of the twig of the pinus khasys, and the characteristic that the mountain red soil has certain permeability, better water retention capacity and less harmful germs in the mountain red soil (raw soil) is utilized, so that the rooting rate is increased, the survival rate of the cuttage seedling of the twig of the pinus khasys is improved, and the propagation cost is reduced.
The invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of pinus kesiya shoots by efficient cutting propagation, which is completed by the following modes: it is characterized in that the propagation seedling raising method comprises the steps of constructing a fine variety pinus kesiya cutting orchard; cutting seedling raising technology; managing cutting seedlings; the hardening off technology of cutting seedling, wherein mountain red soil is used as substrate for cutting seedling, the seedling container is non-woven bag, the ear of grain is half lignified lateral branch full of terminal bud in the current year, the length of the ear of grain is 10cm, the lower end is oblique cut, the needle leaf within 1.5cm above the cut is removed, the ear of grain is treated and dipped with exogenous hormone ABT quickly1Cutting after the solution with the concentration of 1000mg/L is used for 3-5 s;
the cuttage method comprises the steps of cutting the scion wood to a depth of 1-2cm, immediately watering thoroughly after cuttage, then building a plastic small arch shed with a height of 80cm above a seedling bed, and building a shading shed with shading degree of 75% at a position 2m above the cuttage seedling bed;
managing and hardening off the cutting seedlings: after cutting, spraying the cuttings by a sprayer once every morning, ventilating for half an hour, spraying the cuttings once every other day after callus grows out, ventilating for one hour, uncovering two ends of a plastic shed for 10 days after 68-72 days, uncovering all plastic shed molds for 10 days, finally uncovering a shading net, and entering full-light seedling hardening;
the key technology for constructing the ear garden comprises the following steps: the row spacing of the planted plants is 40 multiplied by 40cm, the top tips are cut off after one month of planting, the pruning height is 10cm, the first batch of ear strips can be cut off in about 120 days, fertilizer is applied after each pruning, the fertilizer application amount is 20 g/plant, 50-70 ear strips can be cut off from a single ear picking stock plant every year by the management method, and the length of the ear strips is 10 cm.
And the improved variety pinus khasys cutting orchard is constructed:
the planting density of a fine variety pinus khasys cutting orchard is 40 multiplied by 40 cm;
secondly, the pruning height of the stock plant of the improved pinus khasys ear is 10cm, the main tip is cut off, and the lateral branch germination is promoted;
③ 20g of fertilizing amount of the stock plant of the improved variety pinus khasys ear.
The cutting seedling raising technology comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting annual semi-lignification with the length of 10cm and full lateral branches of terminal buds as cutting shoots;
secondly, the matrix is mountain red soil, the material can be lifted on the spot, the container is a non-woven bag, and the specification is 7 multiplied by 10 cm;
the formula of the exogenous hormone is as follows: ABT11000 mg: 1000ml of clean water: proper amount of 75% alcohol can be dissolved;
processing the spike strips: obliquely cutting the lower end of the ear strip, removing the needle leaves within 1.5cm above the cut, and quickly dipping the ear strip with exogenous hormone ABT1Cutting after the solution with the concentration of 1000mg/1000ml is cut for 3-5 seconds/S;
the cutting method comprises the following steps: the matrix is thoroughly sprayed with water one day before cuttage, 500 times of carbendazim is used for soil disinfection for standby, when cuttage is carried out, if soil looseness cannot directly enable the scion wood to be inserted, a wood stick can be used for firstly puncturing holes, then the scion wood is inserted, the cuttage depth is generally 1-2cm, the soil is compacted to enable the soil-embedded part of the scion wood to be tightly combined with the soil, root fixing water is poured immediately after the cuttage is finished, then a (wide) 1-1.2m- (long) 4-6m- (high) 80cm plastic small arch shed is built above a seedbed, and a shading shed with 75% shading degree is built 2m above the cuttage seedbed.
And (3) managing the cutting seedlings:
after cutting, spraying clear water by a sprayer once every morning, ventilating for 20-30min, covering a small arched shed, wherein the humidity in the shed is required to be 90-95%, spraying clear water once every two days after the cutting shoots grow out of callus, ventilating for one hour, covering the small arched shed, wherein the humidity in the shed is required to be 80-85%, and the temperature in the small arched shed is 15-32 ℃ to facilitate the cutting shoots to root.
Inoculating mycorrhizal fungi when the scion cuttage is carried out for 60 days, wherein the specific method comprises the following steps: and (4) digging mycorrhizal soil under the pinus khasys forest, and uniformly spreading the mycorrhizal soil on a cutting seedbed. The most important function of the mycorrhizal fungi is to promote the absorption and utilization of phosphorus by plants.
After the scions grow out of the callus, 0.1 percent compound fertilizer solution is poured once every 10 days, and the fertilizer application is stopped one month before the nursery of the nursery stock.
The hardening-off technology of the cutting seedlings comprises the following steps:
cutting the scion wood for 68-72 days, uncovering the two ends of the plastic shed for 10 days after the rooting rate reaches about 90%, uncovering the plastic shed mold for 10 days, uncovering the shading net, performing full-light seedling hardening after 110 plus days, and leaving the nursery for afforestation after 120 plus days, wherein the nursery rate is more than 87%.
The mountain red soil is raw soil 30cm below a humus layer, and the fertilizing type is a sima compound fertilizer; the pinus khasys can be cut in 2-3 months and can be taken out of the nursery for forestation in 6-7 months, which accords with the characteristic of the forestation in the rainy season of Pu' er tea.
The invention relates to a high-efficiency asexual propagation technology of pinus khasys, which integrates various technologies such as pinus khasys cutting seedling raising, pinus khasys cutting orchard sprouting promotion and the like to form a set of relatively complete production and cultivation system of fine variety cutting seedlings of pinus khasys.
The invention develops cutting seedling raising from the aspects of the quality, the matrix, the hormone and the like of cutting scion, the single plant of the cutting scion in the cutting scion garden can provide 50-70 sprouts, the length of the scion is 10cm, and the invention has wide industrialization prospect. Therefore, the income of masses in mountainous areas can be improved, and the requirements of social production are met, so that three benefits of ecology, economy and society are realized to the maximum extent. Is convenient for popularization and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the technique of the method for raising seedlings by cutting and expanding the shoots of pinus khasys efficiently.
Detailed Description
Example (b):
the expanding propagation seedling raising method comprises the steps of constructing a fine variety pinus kesiya cutting orchard; cutting seedling raising technology; managing cutting seedlings; the hardening off technology of the cutting seedling, wherein mountain red soil is used as a substrate for cutting seedling, a seedling container is a non-woven bag, the scion wood is a semi-lignified lateral branch fully covered by the current-year terminal bud, the length of the scion wood is 10cm, the lower end of the scion wood is chamfered, and the upper part 1 of the cut is removed.Quickly dipping the ABT of exogenous hormone after the treatment of needles and ears within the range of 5cm1Cutting after the solution with the concentration of 1000mg/L is used for 3-5 s;
the cuttage method comprises the steps of cutting the scion wood to a depth of 1-2cm, immediately watering thoroughly after cuttage, then building a plastic small arch shed with a height of 80cm above a seedling bed, and building a shading shed with shading degree of 75% at a position 2m above the cuttage seedling bed;
managing and hardening off the cutting seedlings: after cutting, spraying with a sprayer every morning, ventilating for half an hour, spraying every two days after callus grows out, ventilating for one hour, uncovering two ends of a plastic shed for 10d about 68-72d, uncovering all plastic shed molds for 10d, finally uncovering a shading net, and entering full-light seedling hardening.
The key technology for constructing the ear garden comprises the following steps: the planting density of the improved pinus khasys cutting orchard is 40 multiplied by 40cm, the fertilizing amount is 20 g/plant, 50-70 branches of scion can be cut from a single scion cutting stock plant every year by the management method, and the length of the scion is 10 cm.
And the improved variety pinus khasys cutting orchard is constructed:
the planting density of a fine variety pinus khasys cutting orchard is 40 multiplied by 40 cm;
secondly, the pruning height of the stock plant of the improved pinus khasys ear is 10cm, the main tip is cut off, and the lateral branch germination is promoted;
③ 20g of fertilizing amount of the stock plant of the improved variety pinus khasys ear.
The cutting seedling raising technology comprises the following steps:
firstly, selecting annual semi-lignification with the length of 10cm and full lateral branches of terminal buds as cutting shoots;
secondly, the matrix is mountain red soil, the material can be lifted on the spot, the container is a non-woven bag, and the specification is 7 multiplied by 10 cm;
the formula of the exogenous hormone is as follows: ABT11000 mg: 1000ml of clean water: proper amount of 75% alcohol can be dissolved;
processing the spike strips: ear stripCutting the lower end of the cutting edge obliquely, removing the needle leaves within 1.5cm above the cutting edge, and quickly dipping the foreign hormone ABT after processing the ear strips11000m g/1000ml, cutting after 3-5 seconds of the solution;
the cutting method comprises the following steps: the matrix is thoroughly sprayed with water one day before cuttage, 500 times of carbendazim is used for soil disinfection for standby, when cuttage is carried out, if soil looseness cannot directly enable the scion wood to be inserted, a wood stick can be used for firstly puncturing holes, then the scion wood is inserted, the cuttage depth is generally 1-2cm, the soil is compacted to enable the soil-embedded part of the scion wood to be tightly combined with the soil, root fixing water is poured immediately after the cuttage is finished, then a (wide) 1-1.2m- (long) 4-6m- (high) 80cm plastic small arch shed is built above a seedbed, and a shading shed with 75% shading degree is built 2m above the cuttage seedbed.
And (3) managing the cutting seedlings:
after cutting, spraying clear water by a sprayer once every morning, ventilating for 20-30 minutes, covering a small arched shed, wherein the humidity in the shed is required to be 90-95%, spraying clear water once every other day after the cutting shoots grow out of callus, ventilating for one hour, covering the small arched shed, the humidity in the shed is required to be 80-85%, and the temperature in the small arched shed is 15-32 ℃ to facilitate the cutting shoots to root.
Inoculating mycorrhizal fungi after 60 days of cutting the scion wood, and the specific method comprises the following steps: and (4) digging mycorrhizal soil under the pinus khasys forest, and uniformly spreading the mycorrhizal soil on a cutting seedbed. The most important function of the mycorrhizal fungi is to promote the absorption and utilization of phosphorus by plants.
After the scions grow out of the callus, compound fertilizer solution with the concentration of 0.1 percent is poured once every 10 days, and the fertilizer application is stopped one month before the nursery of the nursery stock.
The hardening-off technology of the cutting seedlings comprises the following steps:
cutting the scion wood for about 70 days, uncovering two ends of the plastic shed for 10 days after the rooting rate reaches about 90%, uncovering the plastic shed mold for 10 days, uncovering the shading net, performing full-light seedling hardening, and leaving the nursery for afforestation after 110 days and 120 days, wherein the nursery rate is more than 87%.
The mountain red soil is raw soil 30cm below a humus layer, and the fertilizing type is a sima compound fertilizer.
1. General description of the test site
The test is located in a nursery garden of Linke department in Puer city in Yunnan, 99 degrees of east longitude, 22 degrees of north latitude and 05 degrees of north latitude, the altitude is 1300m, the test belongs to subtropical monsoon climate, dry and wet seasons are obvious, dry seasons are in 11 months to 4 months next year, and rainy seasons are in 5-10 months. The annual temperature of 2006 was 19.6 ℃. The temperature of the hottest month is 23.3 ℃, the temperature of the coldest month is 13.9 ℃, the extreme high temperature is 33℃ (4 months and 12 days), the extreme low temperature is 4.1 ℃ (12 months and 23 days), the temperature is poor year by year and big day, the radiation fog is more in winter and spring, and the fog day is 138 days. The annual precipitation amount is 1403.4mm, the annual average relative humidity is 81%, and the annual evaporation amount is 1036.7 mm; the soil type is red soil, the red soil is acidic, and the pH value is 4.6-6.3.
2. Materials and methods
2.1 cuttage of the scion wood with different lengths:
the test spike is collected from a pinus kesiya cutting orchard planted in 6 months in 2007 of a nursery garden of Linaceae of Puer city, robust, semi-lignified and free of diseases and insect pests and provided with terminal buds are cut, the cut under the cutting spike is cut flat by a branch shear, the cut is kept clean and smooth, needle leaves within 1.5cm above the cut are pulled out, and other needle leaves on the cutting spike are reserved. The method is divided into three categories according to the length of the spike strip: 10cm, 8cm, 6cm and below. The matrix is mountain red soil, sterilized by carbendazim one week before cuttage, and cultured in nutrition bags with the specification of 10 × 12cm, cuttage is carried out in 2008 3 months, a shading shed is built in open field, and the shading rate of the shading net is 75%. The test adopts a single-factor random block design, 50 plants are inserted in each cell, and the operation is repeated for three times.
2.2 cuttage with different ages and exogenous hormones
Cutting spike from 2004a, 2005a pinus khasys afforestation nursery stock in Wan palm mountain forest farm, cutting robust, semi-lignified in the same year, free of plant diseases and insect pests and side branch with terminal bud, cutting the cut under the cutting spike, cutting the cut flat with branch shears, keeping the cut clean and smooth, removing needle leaf within 1.5cm above the cut, and other needle leaf on the cutting spikeAnd (5) reserving. Cutting test with tree age (A) as main treatment and exogenous hormone (B) as auxiliary treatment, wherein the tree age (A) of the main treatment is divided into A1、A2Two levels, side treatment exogenous hormone (B) divide B1、B2、B3、B4Four levels, split zone design, total 8 treatment combinations, 50 treatments each, repeated 4 times. The cutting medium is mountain red soil, and is sterilized by carbendazim one week before cutting, and the nutrition bag is cut, and the specification of the nutrition bag is 10 multiplied by 12 cm. Cutting in 2006 for 3 months, building a shading shed in open field, wherein the shading rate of a shading net is 75%, observing pinus khasys cutting seedlings every 10 days after 20 days of cutting, selecting 10 plants in each cell as observation plants, investigating the rooting rate after 4 months, and the experimental design is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 cuttage test with different ages and exogenous hormones
2.3 cuttage with different substrates
4 different matrixes are adopted for carrying out cuttage experiments, which respectively comprise: river sand; ② the firewood peel (fine firewood peel after being decomposed, disinfected and sieved); ③ mixing the river sand and the faggot (the proportion is 2: 1); and fourthly, mountain red soil. The substrate is sterilized by carbendazim within one week before cuttage, the ground bed is used, the scion is annual, and cuttage is carried out by quickly dipping 6g of plant root-promoting agent, 30ml of alcohol, 60ml of warm water, 1kg of clear water and 5kg of mountain red soil. The test adopts a single-factor random block design, 50 plants are planted in each cell in a cuttage mode, the three times of cuttage are repeated, and the rooting rate is investigated after 4 months of cuttage.
2.4 cuttage method
The scion is picked and soaked in clear water, the substrate is thoroughly sprayed with water 1-2 days before cuttage, the substrate is sterilized by 800 times of carbendazim for later use, a small hole is firstly inserted into the substrate by a bamboo stick during cuttage, the treated scion is inserted into the small hole, then the substrate around the scion is compacted, and the substrate is thoroughly sprayed with water to fix the scion.
2.5 post-insertion management
And (3) after the cuttage, watering thoroughly, immediately covering the cutting bed with an arched plastic film after the cottage for reducing evaporation, building a shading shed with a height of 1.5m and a movable shading net on the shed, and spraying and cooling outside the plastic film when the air temperature is high. The humidity in the cutting bed is not lower than 90% within one month of cutting, the humidity in the cutting bed is kept above 80% after one month of cutting, and the air temperature is controlled to be 15-30 ℃. And the temperature is reduced in time when the temperature exceeds 35 ℃. Spraying disinfectant (carbendazim 1000 times liquid) once a week after cuttage, and spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate once in 10 days. The rotten ear is timely removed. After the cutting seedlings take roots, the seedlings enter a seedling hardening stage, the plastic films at two ends are firstly opened for two weeks, and the seedlings adapt to the natural environment and uncover the whole film. Finally, uncovering the shading net.
2.6 statistical analysis
And (4) carrying out variance analysis on the statistical results of the tests, and respectively carrying out difference significance test on the main effect and the interaction by adopting a Duncan and q test method. Before analysis of variance, the rooting rate is determined
And (4) converting.
3 results and analysis
3.1 Observation of rooting Process
Sampling and observing every 1 week, taking out the cutting and observing record, putting back, watering to make the substrate and the base of the cutting fully contact. The callus growth, root growth, germination of the apical bud and the order of root growth were recorded. Among the 100 observed strains, 94 strains formed callus and then rooted from the callus. However, only a very small part of the callus is not formed, and the root grows from the skin at the position where the needle is removed. Therefore, pinus khasys is basically a callus rooting.
3.2 influence of different Length ear strips on the rooting percentage of cuttings
The results of the rooting percentage of 3 cuttings of different lengths (10cm, 8cm, 6cm and below) were as follows (Table 2).
TABLE 2 rooting percentage of different lengths of ear strips%
As is clear from Table 2, the rooting percentage was 69.62% for 10cm ear, 63.21% for 8cm ear, and less 6cm or less for 6cm and less. For further analysis of the differences, analysis of variance was performed and the results are shown in Table 3.
TABLE 3 analysis of variance of rooting rate for different lengths of ear strips
＊＊Indicating a significant difference at the 0.01 level
The analysis results in table 3 show that the difference of the rooting rate among various spike lengths reaches an extremely significant level, which shows that the influence of the spike length on the rooting rate is extremely significant, and the results are shown in table 4 after further multiple comparison.
TABLE 4 multiple comparison of rooting rates for different lengths of ear strips
As is clear from Table 4, the difference in the rooting percentage between 10cm and 8cm long ear bars did not reach a significant level, and the rooting percentage between 10cm and 8cm ear bars and that of 6cm and below ear bars were very significantly different. The rooting effect of the scion with the length of 6cm or less is poor, so the cutting of pinus kesiya is not suitable. The nutrients required by the overground part sprouting and the underground part rooting are all dependent on the nutrients stored in the ear before the ear takes root; the water consumed is absorbed from the matrix mainly by the cortex of the incision under the fringe. The ears are too short, so that not only are the original roots few, but also the rooting chance is small, and the stored nutrient substances are few, so that the rooting requirement cannot be met, and the rooting rate is inevitably reduced. Therefore, the cutting is suitable for selecting the 10 cm-length scion wood for cuttage.
3.3 cuttage with different ages and exogenous hormones
The main factor is the age of the tree, A1Is annual, A2For two years, while setting exogenous hormone as accessory factor, B1、B2、B3、B4Are respectively ABT11000mg/L, 200mg/L, ABT mg/L indole acetic acid1100mg/L of indoleacetic acid and 100mg/L of indoleacetic acid are used for cuttage test, and the test results are shown in Table 5.
TABLE 5 rooting percentage of cuttings of different ages and different exogenous hormones%
As can be seen from the above table, the rooting rates of the cuttings of different levels of major and minor factors are different, and the data of the rooting rates are subjected to variance polarization after reverse chord-down conversion, and the results are shown in Table 6.
TABLE 6 analysis of variance of rooting rates of cuttings of different ages and different exogenous hormones
＊＊Indicating a significant difference at the 0.01 level
As can be seen from the above table, there are very significant differences in the levels of both factors A and B, and the A × B interaction is significantly different, thus demonstrating thatDifferent ear ages (F-251.39)**＞F0.0134.12), different exogenous hormones (F219.49)**＞F0.015.09) has very significant difference among different levels, and the ears of different ages interact with different exogenous hormones (F is 3.67)*＞F0.053.16), the effect of the spike age varies with exogenous hormones, and likewise, the effect of exogenous hormones varies with the size of the spike age. The rooting rates of different scion ages and different exogenous hormones are further subjected to multiple comparisons, and the results are shown in tables 7 and 8.
TABLE 7 multiple comparison of ear-to-ear rooting rates at different ages
As can be seen from Table 6, the rooting rate of 1-year-old scion is significantly higher than that of 2-year-old scion for the shoot of pinus khasys of 1 year, which indicates that the pinus khasys has an age effect, and this may mean that the younger scion is easier to form callus, and the rooting rate is correspondingly improved.
TABLE 8 multiple comparison of rooting rates of different exogenous hormones for different paragenic cuttings
Different exogenous hormones had different effects on the initial rooting induction of the spikes of pinus khasys (see Table 8), and B is ideal1(ABT11000mg/L), the rooting rate is 61.68%, and the others are B in turn2(indoleacetic acid 200mg/L) rooting percentage 48.94%, B3(ABT1100mg/L) of 42.09%, B4The rooting rate of (indoleacetic acid 100mg/L) is 35.04%, and the difference between every two compounds reaches a very significant level. B is2(Indolylacetic acid 200mg/L) and B4(indole)Acetic acid 100mg/L), the rooting rate is greatly improved, which indicates that the rooting is more easily promoted by high concentration in the quick dipping cuttage.
TABLE 9 multiple comparison of rooting rates of cuttings of different ages and combinations of different exogenous hormone treatments
As can be seen from Table 9, except A1B4And A2B2There was no significant difference between the combinations, but there was a significant difference between the other combinations at the 0.05 level, at the 0.01 level, except for A1B4、A2B2And A2B3There is no difference between them, there is a significant difference between the other levels, and because A and B do not interact significantly, the combination with better performance is A1B1I.e. A which performs better in the A factor1Level and B factor better performing B1A combination of levels.
3.4 Effect of different substrates on shoot rooting
The cuttings were carried out using 4 different media and the results are shown in table 10.
TABLE 10 rooting percentage of different substrate cuttings%
As can be seen from Table 10, the average rooting rates of the 4 different matrixes are respectively: 43.96% of river sand; ② 49.36% of firewood peel (thin firewood peel after being decomposed, disinfected and sieved); ③ 61.36 percent of the river sand is mixed with the faggot (the proportion is 2: 1); 71.04% of mountain red soil, large difference of rooting rate among matrixes, and further analysis of variance (Table 11).
TABLE 11 analysis of variance of rooting rate of cuttings of different matrices
＊＊Indicating a significant difference at the 0.01 level
As is clear from Table 11, the rooting rates of cuttings between different substrates were very significantly different, and further multiple comparisons were made (Table 12).
TABLE 12 multiple comparison of rooting rates of cuttings on different substrates
Cuttage is carried out on the pinus khasys twigs on different seedling raising substrates, and the sequence of the cuttage rooting rate is as follows: mountain red soil > Jiangsha + Chaipi > Chiba > Jiangsha (Table 12), and the difference between different substrates is very significant (F is 99.02)**＞F0.017.59) (table 11). The multiple comparison results show (Table 12) that the rooting rate of the shoot cutting of the pinus khasys shoots taking the mountain red soil as the matrix is obviously higher than that of other 3 matrixes, the materials are easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the pinus khasys shoots are suitable to be used as the cutting matrix of the pinus khasys shoots. The reason for this is probably that the temperature and humidity of the fringe of the pinus khasys taking the river sand as the matrix are not easy to control, the rooting rate is low, the fringe of the pinus khasys taking the bark of firewood as the matrix is easy to rot, the bark of firewood is easy to breed bacteria, or the disinfection is not strict.
In conclusion, the factors influencing the cutting rooting of the pinus khasys clone scion shoot are many, such as age, length of the scion shoot, matrix, hormone, cutting time and the like, and all influence the induction of adventitious roots of the cutting shoot. The cutting propagation of pinus khasys has obvious age effect, the cutting rooting rate of 1a young shoots is obviously higher than that of 2a young shoots on a mother plant, and similar conclusions can be drawn from the research of other pines. In order to improve the survival rate of cuttage, the age of a mother tree is reduced, and young branches with low age are selected for cuttage. The length of the scion mainly affects the content of the scion, thereby affecting rooting.
Claims (4)
1. A method for raising seedlings of pinus khasys by cutting and expanding propagation is characterized in that the method comprises the steps of raising seedlings by cutting; managing cutting seedlings; hardening off the cutting seedlings, and constructing a fine variety pinus kesiya cutting orchard; wherein,
cutting and seedling raising: cutting seedling by using mountain red soil as a matrix, wherein a seedling container is a non-woven bag, the scion wood is semi-lignified lateral branch with plump terminal bud in the current year, the length of the scion wood is 10cm, the lower end of the scion wood is obliquely cut, needle leaves within the range of 1.5cm above the cut are removed, and the scion wood is cut after being quickly dipped in an ABT11000mg/L solution for 3-5s after being treated; cutting the scion wood to a depth of 1-2cm, immediately watering thoroughly after cutting, then building a plastic small arched shed with a height of 80cm above the seedling culture container to form a cutting seedling bed, and building a shading shed with a shading degree of 75% at a position 2m above the cutting seedling bed;
managing and hardening off the cutting seedlings: after cutting, spraying by a sprayer once every morning, ventilating for half an hour, spraying once every other day after callus grows out, ventilating for one hour, uncovering two ends of a small plastic arched shed for 10 days in 68-72 days, completely uncovering the small plastic arched shed for 10 days, finally uncovering a shading net, and performing full-light seedling hardening;
constructing a cutting orchard: planting plants at row spacing of 40 × 40cm, pruning top shoots after planting for one month, pruning the height of the scion stock plant to 10cm, shearing a first batch of scion strips after about 120 days, and promoting lateral branches to germinate; applying fertilizer after each pruning, wherein the fertilizing amount of the ear picking stock plant is 20 g/plant, 50-70 branches of ear strips can be cut from a single ear picking stock plant every year, and the length of the ear strips is 10 cm.
2. The method for raising seedlings of pinus khasys by efficient cutting propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that the cutting seedlings are raised:
the specification of the non-woven fabric bag is 7 multiplied by 10 cm;
proper amount of 75% alcohol can be added into the exogenous hormone and can be dissolved;
③ the cuttage method: the matrix is thoroughly drenched one day before cuttage, soil disinfection is carried out by 500 times of carbendazim for standby, when cuttage is carried out, if the soil looseness cannot directly enable the scion wood to be inserted, a wood stick can be used for firstly poking holes, then the scions are inserted, and after the cuttage, the soil is compacted to enable the soil-inserted parts of the scion wood to be tightly combined with the soil.
3. The method for raising seedlings of pinus khasys by efficient cutting propagation and propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that the management of cutting seedlings is as follows:
after cutting, the humidity in the plastic small arched shed is required to be in the range of 90-95%, after callus grows out from the cut wood, the humidity in the plastic small arched shed is required to be 80-85%, and the temperature in the plastic small arched shed is 15-32 ℃ so as to be beneficial to rooting of the cut wood;
inoculating mycorrhizal fungi after 60 days of cutting the scion wood, and the specific method comprises the following steps: digging mycorrhizal soil under pinus khasys forest, and uniformly spreading the mycorrhizal soil on a cutting seedbed;
after the scions grow out of the callus, compound fertilizer solution with the concentration of 0.1 percent is poured once every 10 days, and the fertilizer application is stopped one month before the nursery of the nursery stock.
4. The method for raising seedlings of pinus khasys by efficient cutting propagation and propagation according to claim 1, characterized in that the red soil in the mountainous region is raw soil which is 30cm below humus soil layer removed.
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