CN102113445B - Method for raising seedlings of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by efficient twig cuttage propagation - Google Patents
Method for raising seedlings of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by efficient twig cuttage propagation Download PDFInfo
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- CN102113445B CN102113445B CN2010102779958A CN201010277995A CN102113445B CN 102113445 B CN102113445 B CN 102113445B CN 2010102779958 A CN2010102779958 A CN 2010102779958A CN 201010277995 A CN201010277995 A CN 201010277995A CN 102113445 B CN102113445 B CN 102113445B
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- 241000102120 Pinus kesiya var. langbianensis Species 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000002420 orchard Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000005205 Pinus Nutrition 0.000 claims description 63
- 241000218602 Pinus <genus> Species 0.000 claims description 63
- 229940088597 Hormone Drugs 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000005556 hormone Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000001488 breeding Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 18
- 206010020649 Hyperkeratosis Diseases 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000249 desinfective Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 101710031899 moon Proteins 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000032696 parturition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000004083 survival Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
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- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
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- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M Monopotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000405414 Rehmannia Species 0.000 description 1
- 229940033663 Thimerosal Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Thiomersal Chemical compound [Na+].CC[Hg]SC1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O RTKIYNMVFMVABJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for raising seedlings of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by efficient twig cuttage propagation, particularly relates to a method for obtaining Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by low-cost and efficient cuttage, which directly adopts mountain red soil (raw soil) as matrix and belongs to the technical field of cuttage seedling raising. Since mountain red soil (raw soil) has certain permeability, good water retaining capacity and less harmful bacteria, the method directly adopts mountain red soil as matrix for raising seedlings of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by twig cuttage, so as to increase the rooting rate and survival rate of the seedlings of Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis obtained by twig cuttage. The invention relates to a low-cost asexual propagation technology for Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis by twig cuttage. By use of the method provided by the method, the propagation coefficient is high, the seedling raising is not affected by seed size, the raised seedlings have relatively stable traits, the individual plant in a cutting orchard can provide 50-70 coppice shoots, and the ear length is 10 cm. The method has wide prospect of industrialization. The capacity of supplying Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis seedlings is greatly improved by virtue of the generalization and application of the method, and great economic, social and ecological benefits are generated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the efficient cuttage of a kind of pinus khasys spray and expand seedling-breeding method, particularly invent a kind of direct employing mountain red soil (immature soil) and be matrix, low-cost, efficient cuttage obtains the method for pinus khasys, belongs to the cuttage raise seedling technique field.
Background technology
Pinus khasys (Pinus kesiya var.langbianensis) is that the distinctive speed in Yunnan Province is given birth to material and product fat seeds, the pinus khasys growth is fast, rotation is short, material is good, produce fat amount height, annidation is strong, produces fat amount height, be pioneer tree species and the material fat dual-purpose seeds of south subtropics planting out, have extremely important economic worth and ecological significance.Pinus khasys is the seeds of forest zone, Pu'er area of woods maximum, and area is 98.20 ten thousand hm
2, the growing stock amount is 8637.50 ten thousand m
3, in the exploitation of Yunnan pollution-free industry, occupy critical role.
Pinus khasys is the same with other pine tree, belongs to the seeds that the cuttage difficulty is taken root.Pinus khasys still mainly is to adopt sexual mode to breed at present, with the seminal propagation offspring proterties taking place easily separates, parent's merit can not be fully inherited in filial generation, and vegetative propagation can overcome these shortcomings of sexual propagation, keep maternal merit, the product property unanimity, forest form is neat, is convenient to intensive farming.But present circumstances, breeding is limited less than 100kg every year for pinus khasys breeding output, and it is required that particularly high yield matter breeding can't satisfy afforestation at all.
Summary of the invention:
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of existing pinus khasys seed sexual propagation mode, invent a kind of epicormic branch cuttage of pinus khasys cheaply asexual propagation technology, the pinus khasys of cuttage and seedling culture can breed in a large number, reproduction coefficient is big, can not grow seedlings because of the influence of seed size year, and proterties is relatively stable, improves the deliverability of breeding pinus khasys seedling.
Another object of the present invention is directly to adopt mountain red soil to carry out the pinus khasys epicormic branch cutting as matrix, utilize mountain area dried rhizome of rehmannia red soil both to have certain permeability, have preferably harmful few characteristics of germ in the water retention capacity and mountain red soil (immature soil earth) again, increase rooting rate, improve pinus khasys epicormic branch cuttage shoot survival percent, reduce and expand numerous cost.
The efficient cuttage of pinus khasys spray of the present invention is expanded seedling-breeding method and is finished by following manner: it is characterized in that expanding seedling-breeding method and comprise the construction of breeding pinus khasys cutting orchard; Cuttage raise seedling technique; The management of cuttage seeding; The hardening technology of cuttage seeding, wherein adopting mountain red soil is matrix, carry out cuttage and seedling culture, container for plant growth is non-woven bag, the fringe bar is protected full semi-lignified side shoot branch, fringe bar length 10cm, lower end angular cut with giving birth to terminal bud then, pull out the needle in the 1.5cm scope of otch top, the fringe bar is handled back speed and is dipped in exogenous hormone ABT
1Cuttage behind the 1000mg/L solution 3-5s;
Cottage method is fringe bar cuttage degree of depth 1-2cm, waters permeablely after the cuttage immediately, builds the little shed of plastics of high 80cm then above the seedbed, and above the cuttage seedbed 2m to build at the place degree of shading be 75% shading shed;
The management of cuttage seeding and hardening: after the cuttage of fringe bar, every morning with atomizer spray once, and ventilate half an hour, sprayed once every one day after growing callus, ventilated one hour, opened plastics hut two ends 10 days in 68-72 days, the plastic greenhouse mould was all being taken off 10 days, take shading screen at last off, enter the full exposure hardening;
The key technology of cutting orchard construction: field planting seeding row spacing 40 * 40cm, field planting cuts off the top tip after one month, cutting range is 10cm, but first fringe bar of clip about 120 days, apply fertilizer in each back of pruning, fertilizing amount 20g/ strain, but fringe maternal plant clip fringe bar 50-70 branch, fringe bar length 10cm adopted by the annual individual plant of such management method.
Described breeding pinus khasys cutting orchard construction:
1. the plantation density of breeding pinus khasys cutting orchard is 40 * 40cm;
2. the breeding pinus khasys is adopted the cutting range 10cm of fringe maternal plant, cuts off leading shoot, promotes side shoot to sprout;
3. the breeding pinus khasys is adopted the fertilizing amount 20g/ strain of fringe maternal plant.
Described cuttage raise seedling technique:
1. choose and give birth to semi-lignified length 10cm then, the full side shoot of terminal bud is as plugged ear;
2. matrix is mountain red soil, can play material on the spot, and container is non-woven bag, and specification is 7 * 10cm;
3. the exogenous hormone prescription is: ABT
11000mg: clear water 1000ml:75% alcohol is an amount of, can dissolve to get final product;
4. the processing of fringe bar: fringe bar lower end angular cut, pull out the needle in the 1.5cm scope of otch top, the fringe bar is handled back speed and is dipped in exogenous hormone ABT
1Cuttage behind 1000mg/1000ml solution 3-5 second/S;
5. cottage method: the cuttage water of earlier matrix being drenched the previous day, and it is standby to carry out soil disinfection with 500 times carbendazim, as if the loosing soil degree fringe bar is inserted during cuttage, can be earlier with waddy elder generation puncture, plugged ear again, the cuttage degree of depth is generally 1-2cm, compacting soil buries the fringe bar and partly combines closely with soil, to irrigate normal root water immediately after inserting well, the little shed of above the seedbed, building then of (wide) 1-1.2m-(length) 4-6m-(height) 80cm plastics, and above the cuttage seedbed 2m to build at the place degree of shading be 75% shading shed.
The management of described cuttage seeding:
After the cuttage of fringe bar, use clear water of atomizer spray every morning, and build little shed behind the ventilation 20-30min, humidity requirement 90%-95% scope in the canopy, plugged ear grows behind the callus every clear water of spraying in two days, ventilate and build little shed after one hour, temperature is conducive to cuttage rooting at 15 ℃～32 ℃ in the humidity requirement 80%-85% in the canopy, little shed.
Inoculation mycorhiza bacterium during fringe bar cuttage 60d, concrete grammar is: take the mycorhiza soil of pinus khasys sylvan life, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in the cuttage seedbed and get final product.The most important effect of mycorhiza bacterium has been to promote plant absorbing phosphorus.
The fringe bar grow behind the callus every 10d water concentration be composite fertilizer's solution of 0.1% once, the previous moon of outplanting stops fertilising.
The hardening technology of described cuttage seeding:
Fringe bar cuttage 68-72 days was opened plastics hut two ends 10 days after rooting rate reaches about 90%, again the plastic greenhouse mould is all taken off 10d, took shading screen at last off, entered the full exposure hardening, can go out the garden for afforestation in 110-120 days, and outplanting rate is more than 87%.
Described mountain red soil is the immature soil that removes the following 30cm of humic soil layer, and described fertilization type is Sima board composite fertilizer; Pinus khasys 2-3 month cuttage can go out garden afforestation the 6-7 month, meets the characteristics of Pu'er afforestation in rainy season.
The efficient asexual propagation technological synthesis of pinus khasys of the present invention the pinus khasys cuttage and seedling culture, the pinus khasys cutting orchard is short every technology such as sprouts, form the comparatively complete pinus khasys breeding cuttage seeding of a cover and produced cultivation system, by selecting good pinus khasys strain, adopt vegetative method, can reach the purpose that speed is produced, accelerate the renewal of pinus khasys raw material forest, improve pinus khasys epicormic branch cuttage shoot survival percent, it is numerous to reduce expansion, pinus khasys cuttage seeding survival rate is stabilized in more than 87%, efficient cuttage obtains pinus khasys, for the artificial afforestration of pinus khasys large tracts of land provides technical support and possibility with seedling.
The present invention carries out cuttage and seedling culture from aspects such as the quality of cuttage fringe bar, matrix, hormones, its cutting orchard is adopted the fringe individual plant can provide coppice shoot 50-70 branch every year, fringe bar length 10cm, wide industrialization prospect is arranged, applying of this achievement, can will greatly improve the deliverability of breeding pinus khasys seedling, receive huge economy, society and ecological benefits.So both can improve the mountain area masses' income, satisfy the demand of social production again, thereby at utmost realize ecological, economic, society's three big benefits.Tool is easy to utilize.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 expands the FB(flow block) of breeding seedling side's technology for the efficient cuttage of pinus khasys spray of the present invention.
Embodiment
Embodiment:
The present invention expands seedling-breeding method and comprises the construction of breeding pinus khasys cutting orchard; Cuttage raise seedling technique; The management of cuttage seeding; The hardening technology of cuttage seeding, wherein adopting mountain red soil is matrix, carry out cuttage and seedling culture, container for plant growth is non-woven bag, the fringe bar is protected full semi-lignified side shoot branch, fringe bar length 10cm, lower end angular cut with giving birth to terminal bud then, pull out the needle in the 1.5cm scope of otch top, the fringe bar is handled back speed and is dipped in exogenous hormone ABT
1Cuttage behind the 1000mg/L solution 3-5s;
Cottage method is fringe bar cuttage degree of depth 1-2cm, waters permeablely after the cuttage immediately, builds the little shed of plastics of high 80cm then above the seedbed, and above the cuttage seedbed 2m to build at the place degree of shading be 75% shading shed;
The management of cuttage seeding and hardening: after the cuttage of fringe bar, every morning with atomizer spray once, and ventilate half an hour, sprayed once every two days after growing callus, ventilated one hour, and opened plastics hut two ends 10d about 68-72d, the plastic greenhouse mould is all being taken off 10d, take shading screen at last off, enter the full exposure hardening.
The key technology of cutting orchard construction: the plantation density of breeding pinus khasys cutting orchard is 40 * 40cm, fertilizing amount 20g/ strain, but adopt fringe maternal plant clip fringe bar 50-70 branch, fringe bar length 10cm by the annual individual plant of such management method.
Described breeding pinus khasys cutting orchard construction:
1. the plantation density of breeding pinus khasys cutting orchard is 40 * 40cm;
2. the breeding pinus khasys is adopted the cutting range 10cm of fringe maternal plant, cuts off leading shoot, promotes side shoot to sprout;
3. the breeding pinus khasys is adopted the fertilizing amount 20g/ strain of fringe maternal plant.
Described cuttage raise seedling technique:
1. choose and give birth to semi-lignified length 10cm then, the full side shoot of terminal bud is as plugged ear;
2. matrix is mountain red soil, can play material on the spot, and container is non-woven bag, and specification is 7 * 10cm;
3. the exogenous hormone prescription is: ABT
11000mg: clear water 1000ml:75% alcohol is an amount of, can dissolve to get final product;
4. the processing of fringe bar: fringe bar lower end angular cut, pull out the needle in the 1.5cm scope of otch top, the fringe bar is handled back speed and is dipped in exogenous hormone ABT
11000m g/1000ml, cuttage behind solution 3-5 s second;
5. cottage method: the cuttage water of earlier matrix being drenched the previous day, and it is standby to carry out soil disinfection with 500 times carbendazim, as if the loosing soil degree fringe bar is inserted during cuttage, can be earlier with waddy elder generation puncture, plugged ear again, the cuttage degree of depth is generally 1-2cm, compacting soil buries the fringe bar and partly combines closely with soil, to irrigate normal root water immediately after inserting well, the little shed of above the seedbed, building then of (wide) 1-1.2m-(length) 4-6m-(height) 80cm plastics, and above the cuttage seedbed 2m to build at the place degree of shading be 75% shading shed.
The management of described cuttage seeding:
After the cuttage of fringe bar, use clear water of atomizer spray every morning, and build little shed after ventilation 20-30 minute, humidity requirement 90%-95% scope in the canopy, plugged ear grows behind the callus every clear water of spraying in a day, ventilate and build little shed after one hour, temperature is conducive to cuttage rooting at 15 ℃～32 ℃ in the humidity requirement 80%-85% in the canopy, little shed.
The mycorhiza bacterium is inoculated in the cuttage of fringe bar in the time of 60 days, concrete grammar is: take the mycorhiza soil of pinus khasys sylvan life, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in the cuttage seedbed and get final product.The most important effect of mycorhiza bacterium has been to promote plant absorbing phosphorus.
The fringe bar grow behind the callus watered every 10 days concentration be composite fertilizer's solution of 0.1% once, the previous moon of outplanting stops fertilising.
The hardening technology of described cuttage seeding:
About fringe bar cuttage 70d, open plastics hut two ends 10d after rooting rate reaches about 90%, again the plastic greenhouse mould is all taken off 10d, take shading screen at last off, enter the full exposure hardening, 110-120d can go out the garden and be used for afforestation, and outplanting rate is more than 87%.
Described mountain red soil is the immature soil that removes the following 30cm of humic soil layer, and described fertilization type is Sima board composite fertilizer.
1. overview experimental field
Experimental field be positioned at Puer City, Yunnan institute of woods section nursery, be located in east longitude 99 ° 09 ', 22 ° 05 of north latitude ', height above sea level is 1300m, belongs to the subtropics monsoon climate, and it is obvious to do rainy season, and be dry season November～April in next year, and be rainy season 5～October.Year in 2006, samming was 19.6 ℃.Temperature was 23.3 ℃ in the hottest month, and temperature was 13.9 ℃ in the coldest month, and thermal extremes is 33. ℃ (April 12), and extreme low temperature is 4.1 ℃ (December 23), and annual temperature range is little, and amplitude of diurnal variation is big, the many radiation fogs in Winter-Spring, average annual 138d of mist day.Annual precipitation is 1403.4mm, and annual relative moisture is 81%, and a year evaporation discharge is 1036.7mm; Soil types is red soil, is acid, and the pH value is 4.6～6.3.
2. materials and methods
2.1 the cuttage of different length fringe bar:
Test fringe bar picks up from Puer City institute of woods section nursery field planting in June, 2007 pinus khasys cutting orchard, the side shoot of clip stalwartness, semi-lignified, no damage by disease and insect, band terminal bud, the plugged ear lower cut cuts flat with secateurs, keep otch totally level and smooth, take out the needle in the above 1.5cm scope of otch, other needle on the plugged ear keeps.Be divided three classes according to fringe bar length: 10cm, 8cm, 6cm and following.The matrix mountain red soil is inserted and is sterilized with carbendazim in previous week, nutritional bag, and specification is 10 * 12cm, and in cuttage in March, 2008, open country is built shading shed, and the shading rate of shading screen is 75%.Single factors randomized blocks design is adopted in test, every residential quarter cuttage 50 strains, three repetitions.
2.2 the cuttage of all ages and classes and exogenous hormone
The fringe bar picks up from ten thousand palm mountain forest field 2004a, 2005a pinus khasys afforestation nursery stock, the clip stalwartness, then give birth to semi-lignified, no damage by disease and insect, be with the side shoot of terminal bud, the plugged ear lower cut cuts flat with secateurs, keep otch totally level and smooth, take out the needle in the above 1.5cm scope of otch, other needle on the plugged ear keeps.Serve as main handle and exogenous hormone (B) be the cuttage test of vice processing, the main processing age of tree (A) branch A with the age of tree (A)
1, A
2Two levels, vice processing exogenous hormone (B) divides B
1, B
2, B
3, B
4Four levels, split plot design, totally 8 treatment combinations, each handles 50 strains, repeats 4 times.Cutting medium is mountain red soil, and sterilizes with carbendazim in previous week of cuttage, the nutritious bag cuttage, and the nutritious bag specification is 10 * 12cm.In cuttage in March, 2006, open country is built shading shed, and the shading rate of shading screen is 75%, and cuttage was observed the pinus khasys cuttage seeding every 10 days after 20 days, and 10 strains are selected as the observation strain in each residential quarter, 4 months " Invest, Then Investigate " rooting rates, and experimental scheme sees Table 1.
Table 1 all ages and classes and exogenous hormone cuttage test
2.3 the cuttage of different substrates
Adopt 4 kinds of different substrates to carry out cuttage test, be respectively: 1. Jiang Sha; 2. the bavin skin (through becoming thoroughly decomposed, sterilize and sieve after thin bavin skin); 3. Jiang Shayu bavin skin (ratio is 2: 1) mixes; 4. mountain red soil.With carbendazim sterilization, groundbed, the fringe bar is annual to matrix, urges root agent+30ml alcohol+warm water 60ml+ clear water 1kg+ mountain red soil 5kg speed to dip in cuttage with the 6g plant in previous week of cuttage.Single factors randomized blocks design is adopted in test, every residential quarter cuttage 50 strains, three repetitions, 4 months " Invest, Then Investigate " rooting rates of cuttage.
2.4 cottage method
The fringe bar is namely adopted and namely is dipped in the clear water, 1-2 days waters matrix of drenching before the cuttage, and afterwards standby with 800 times of carbendazim sterilizations, in matrix, insert an aperture with bamboo let earlier during cuttage, treated fringe bar is inserted in the aperture, then with the matrix compacting around the fringe bar, and the water of drenching is with fixing fringe bar again.
2.5 insert the back management
Above-mentioned cuttage is watered permeablely after the cuttage, hut covers slotting machine with the arch plastic film for reducing evaporation after inserting immediately, builds the shading shed of the removable shading screen of high 1.5m at hut, when temperature is high, can lower the temperature at the plastic film external spraying.Keep in the slotting machine humidity to be not less than after 90%, one month that humidity remains on more than 80% in the slotting machine in the cuttage one month, temperature is controlled at 15 ℃～30 ℃.Surpassing 35 ℃ will in time lower the temperature.Spray thimerosal (1000 times of liquid of carbendazim) after the cuttage weekly once, potassium dihydrogen phosphate of spray in 10 days.The fringe bar that discovery is gone rotten will in time be removed.Enter the hardening stage after cuttage seeding is taken root, open two weeks of two ends plastic film earlier, nursery stock has adapted to natural environment whole film is being opened.Take shading screen at last off.
2.6 statistical analysis
Each test statistics result is carried out variance analysis, adopt Duncan and q method of inspection respectively main effect and interaction to be made significance test of difference.Before doing variance analysis, rooting rate is done
Conversion.
3 results and analysis
3.1 rooting process is observed
After carrying out the single sample observation 1 week, extracting the plugged ear observed and recorded, replace, watering makes matrix fully contact with fringe bar base portion.Record callus growth situation, the growing state of root, the sprouting of terminal bud and the order of long root.In 100 strains of observing, there are 94 strains to form callus earlier, again from the long root of callus.And have only few part not form callus, but from pulling out the position of needle, root grows from skin zone.Therefore, pinus khasys belongs to callus substantially and takes root.
3.2 different length fringe bar is to the influence of rooting percent
Adopt the fringe bar of 3 kinds of different lengths (10cm, 8cm, 6cm and following) to carry out cuttage relatively, the result of its rooting rate following (table 2).
Table 2 different length fringe bar rooting rate %
As known from Table 2, the fringe bar rooting rate of 10cm is higher, is 69.62%, secondly is the long fringe bar of 8cm, and rooting rate is 63.21%, and relatively poor is 6cm and following fringe bar thereof.For further analyzing its otherness, carry out variance analysis, the results are shown in Table 3.
The variance analysis of table 3 different length fringe bar rooting rate
*Represent the significant difference on 0.01 level
Shown that by table 3 analysis result the rooting rate difference between various fringe bar length reaches utmost point significance level, illustrate that the length of fringe bar is very remarkable to the influence of rooting rate, further carry out multiple ratio, the results are shown in Table 4.
Table 4 different length fringe bar rooting rate multiple ratio
As shown in Table 4, the difference of rooting rate does not reach significance level between the fringe bar of 10cm and 8cm length, has utmost point significant difference between the rooting rate of 10cm, 8cm fringe bar and the rooting rate of 6cm and following fringe bar thereof.6cm and following length fringe bar rooting efficiency thereof are relatively poor, so be not suitable for the pinus khasys cuttage.This mainly is before the fringe bar is taken root, and acrial part germinates and the needed nutrient of under ground portion root of hair, all relies on nutriment stored in the fringe bar; The moisture that consumes mainly relies on the cortex of fringe bar lower cut to absorb from matrix.The fringe bar is too short, and not only the root initial body is few, and the chance of taking root is also little, and the nutriment that stores is also few, can not satisfy the needs of taking root, and will certainly reduce rooting rate.Therefore, be fit to select the fringe bar of 10cm length to carry out cuttage.
3.3 the cuttage of all ages and classes and exogenous hormone
If main factor is the age of tree, A
1Be annual, A
2For biennial, establishing exogenous hormone simultaneously is the synetion element, B
1, B
2, B
3, B
4Be respectively ABT
11000mg/L, heteroauxin 200mg/L, ABT
1100mg/L, heteroauxin 100mg/L carry out the cuttage test, and result of the test sees Table 5.
Table 5 all ages and classes fringe bar and different exogenous hormone rooting percent %
As can be known from the above table, the rooting rate of plugged ear all there are differences between major and minor factor varying level, and the rooting rate data are carried out the variance split pole after anti-lower edge conversion, the results are shown in Table 6.
The variance analysis of table 6 all ages and classes fringe bar and different exogenous hormone rooting percents
*Represent the significant difference on 0.01 level
As seen from the above table, all have utmost point significant difference between A factor, B factor level, A * B makes to exist significant difference mutually, explanation thus, different fringe bar age (F=251.39
*＞F
0.01=34.12), different exogenous hormone (F=219.49
*＞F
0.01=5.09) all there is utmost point significant difference in rooting rate between each level, make to exist (F=3.67 between all ages and classes fringe bar and different exogenous hormones mutually
*＞F
0.05=3.16), the age effect of fringe bar is different because of the difference of exogenous hormone, and same, the effect of exogenous hormone is also different because of the size at fringe bar age.To the different fringe bar ages, between different exogenous hormone the further multiple ratio of rooting rate, the results are shown in Table 7, table 8.
The multiple ratio of table 7 all ages and classes fringe bar rooting rate
As shown in Table 6, the rooting rate of 1 year living fringe bar is compared with the rooting rate of 2 years living fringe bars, and the rooting rate of the pinus khasys spray fringe bar of life in 1 year is significantly higher than life in 2 years, illustrates that pinus khasys exists age effect, this may be that younger fringe bar more easily forms callus, and rooting rate is also with regard to corresponding raising.
The plain different exogenous hormone rooting percent multiple ratios of table 8 synetion
Different exogenous hormones are to the effect difference (seeing Table 8) of pinus khasys fringe bar initial stage root induction, and showing comparatively ideal is B
1(ABT
11000mg/L), rooting rate is 61.68%, and other is followed successively by B
2The rooting rate 48.94% of (heteroauxin 200mg/L), B
3(ABT
1Rooting rate 42.09% 100mg/L), B
4The rooting rate 35.04% of (heteroauxin 100mg/L), each is compared between any two, and difference all reaches utmost point significance level.B
2(heteroauxin 200mg/L) and B
4(heteroauxin 100mg/L) compares, and rooting rate also improves greatly, illustrates in speed and dips in the cuttage, the easier hestening rooting that concentration is high.
Table 9 all ages and classes fringe bar and different exogenous hormone treatment combination rooting percent multiple ratios are
As shown in Table 9, except A
1B
4With A
2B
2Between outside the no significant difference, all have significant difference in 0.05 level between other each combination, in 0.01 level, except A
1B
4, A
2B
2And A
2B
3Between not there are differences outside, all there are differences between other each level significantly because that A and B do mutually is not remarkable, be combined as A preferably so show
1B
1, namely show A preferably in the A factor
1Show B preferably in level and the B factor
1The combination of level.
3.4 different substrates is to the influence of cuttage rooting
Adopt 4 kinds of different substrates to carry out cuttage, the results are shown in Table 10.
Table 10 different substrates rooting percent %
As can be seen from Table 10,4 kinds of average rooting rates of different substrates are respectively: 1. river sand 43.96%; 2. the bavin skin (through becoming thoroughly decomposed, sterilize and sieve after thin bavin skin) 49.36%; 3. Jiang Shayu bavin skin (ratio is 2: 1) mixes 61.36%; 4. mountain red soil 71.04%, and rooting rate differs greatly further variance analysis (table 11) between each matrix.
The variance analysis of table 11 different substrates rooting percent
*Represent the significant difference on 0.01 level
As shown in Table 11, the rooting rate of plugged ear reaches utmost point significant difference between different substrates, and further multiple ratio is than (table 12).
The multiple ratio of table 12 different substrates rooting percent
The pinus khasys spray carries out cuttage at different seedling mediums, and cuttage root-taking rate height order is: mountain red soil＞Jiang Sha+bavin skin＞bavin skin＞Jiang Sha (table 12), and the extremely remarkable (F=99.02 of different substrates differences
*＞F
0.01=7.59) (table 11).The result of multiple comparisons shows that (table 12) is that the pinus khasys spray rooting percent of matrix is significantly higher than other 3 kinds of matrix with the mountain red soil, and draw materials easily, cost is low, is suitable as the cutting medium of pinus khasys spray.This may be that rooting rate is low owing to be not easy control with the pinus khasys fringe bar temp. and humidity of Jiang Shawei matrix, and be that the pinus khasys fringe bar of matrix rots easily with the bavin skin, the easy breed bacteria of bavin skin, or sterilization is not strict causes.
To sum up, the factor that influences pinus khasys clone fringe bar cuttage root-taking is a lot, and as length, matrix, hormone and the cutting time etc. of age, fringe bar, these all influence inducing of plugged ear adventive root.There is tangible age effect in the pinus khasys cottage propagation, the spray of the cuttage root-taking rate that 1a gives birth to spray in the 2a breeder mother strain, and the research of other pine trees also draws similar conclusion.For improving cuttage survival rate, should manage to reduce the elite stand age, select for use low age children shoot to carry out cuttage.What of fringe bar inclusion are the length of fringe bar mainly influence, thereby influence is taken root.
Claims (4)
1. a pinus khasys epicormic branch cuttage expands seedling-breeding method, it is characterized in that this method comprises cuttage and seedling culture; The management of cuttage seeding; The hardening of cuttage seeding, the construction of breeding pinus khasys cutting orchard; Wherein,
Cuttage and seedling culture: the employing mountain red soil is matrix, carry out cuttage and seedling culture, container for plant growth is non-woven bag, the fringe bar is with giving birth to the full semi-lignified side shoot branch of terminal bud then, fringe bar length 10cm, the lower end angular cut is pulled out the needle in the 1.5cm scope of otch top, and the fringe bar is handled back speed and dipped in cuttage behind the exogenous hormone ABT11000mg/L solution 3-5s; Fringe bar cuttage degree of depth 1-2cm waters permeablely immediately after the cuttage, build the little shed of plastics of high 80cm then above container for plant growth, forms the cuttage seedbed, and to build at the place degree of shading be 75% shading shed to 2m above the cuttage seedbed;
The management of cuttage seeding and hardening: after the cuttage of fringe bar, every morning with atomizer spray once, and ventilate half an hour, sprayed once every one day after growing callus, ventilated one hour, opened the little shed of plastics two ends 10 days in 68-72 days, the little shed mould of plastics was all being taken off 10 days, take shading screen at last off, enter the full exposure hardening;
The cutting orchard construction: field planting seeding row spacing 40 * 40cm, field planting cuts off the top tip after one month, and the cutting range of adopting the fringe maternal plant is 10cm, but first fringe bar of clip about 120 days cuts off leading shoot, promotes side shoot to sprout; Apply fertilizer in each back of pruning, the fertilizing amount 20g/ strain of adopting the fringe maternal plant, but annual individual plant is adopted fringe maternal plant clip fringe bar 50-70 branch, fringe bar length 10cm.
2. seedling-breeding method is expanded in the efficient cuttage of pinus khasys spray according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described cuttage and seedling culture:
1. described non-woven bag specification is 7 * 10cm;
2. it is an amount of to add 75% alcohol in described exogenous hormone, can dissolve to get final product;
3. cottage method: the cuttage water of earlier matrix being drenched the previous day, and it is standby to carry out soil disinfection with 500 times carbendazim, during cuttage if the loosing soil degree can not directly make the fringe bar insert, can be earlier with waddy elder generation puncture, plugged ear again, compacting soil buries the fringe bar partly to combine closely with soil after the cuttage.
3. seedling-breeding method is expanded in the efficient cuttage of pinus khasys spray according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the management of described cuttage seeding:
After the cuttage of fringe bar, humidity requirement 90%-95% scope in the little shed of plastics, after cuttage fringe bar grew callus, temperature was conducive to cuttage rooting at 15 ℃～32 ℃ in the humidity requirement 80%-85% in the little shed of plastics, the little shed of plastics;
The mycorhiza bacterium is inoculated in the cuttage of fringe bar in the time of 60 days, concrete grammar is: take the mycorhiza soil of pinus khasys sylvan life, evenly spread fertilizer over the fields in the cuttage seedbed and get final product;
The fringe bar grow behind the callus watered every 10 days concentration be composite fertilizer's solution of 0.1% once, the previous moon of outplanting stops fertilising.
4. seedling-breeding method is expanded in the efficient cuttage of pinus khasys spray according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described mountain red soil is the immature soil that removes the humic soil layer, chooses its following 30cm.
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| CN110463501A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-19 | 云南省林业科学院 | A kind of above Simao pine cuttage fringe bar rush of triennial sprouts method |
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| CN110463501A (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2019-11-19 | 云南省林业科学院 | A kind of above Simao pine cuttage fringe bar rush of triennial sprouts method |
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