CN104429472A - Dendrobiumpaxt natural forest implantation high-yield culture technique - Google Patents
Dendrobiumpaxt natural forest implantation high-yield culture technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN104429472A CN104429472A CN201410622592.0A CN201410622592A CN104429472A CN 104429472 A CN104429472 A CN 104429472A CN 201410622592 A CN201410622592 A CN 201410622592A CN 104429472 A CN104429472 A CN 104429472A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
Disclosed is a dendrobiumpaxt natural forest implantation high-yield culture technique. Seedlings cultured artificially are transplanted to main attachment trees in the natural forest, artificial protection and production are carried out, broad-leaved evergreen trees in the natural forest in the proper environment are selected as the main attachment trees to transplant artificially-cultured fine breed cutting seedlings, water and fertilizer application, pest control and artificial management are carried out to obtain the organic high-yield dendrobium, forest resources are protected, planting cost is lowered, and social benefits and economic benefits are good, and the technique is suitable for being popularized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to epiphyte planting technology, especially a kind of purple dendrobium natural forest is attached plants high-yield culture technique.
Background technology
The stem of noble dendrobium is exactly the conventional class Chinese medicine of China since ancient times, and dendrobium candidum wherein is even described as " in medicine gold ", and purple dendrobium Dendavonianum Paxt different rare projection in recent years, prove in practicality that its efficacy effect is no less than dendrobium candidum.For meeting the demand that market increases day by day, purple dendrobium planting method miscellaneous emerges in large numbers one after another, and wherein traditional imitating wild planting method cost is low simple, but rich water management and control, the extermination of disease and insect pest difficulty, the economic benefit that yields poorly is not high; The patent No. is 201010105733.3 " purple dendrobium with meshed membrane frame bed crossbar planting methods " is again another; it provide one and be suitable for scale Production of Large Fields; Artificial Control meets purple dendrobium growth conditions; reduce disease, worm, grass, mouse harm; high and stable yields, good in economic efficiency kind stem of noble dendrobium method.But cost of investment is higher, will cut down fir in a large number and make frame bed, beam and base starting material, consume destroys the forest resources, is unfavorable for environmental protection.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to for above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, provide one to allow purple dendrobium cultivate to organically combine to natural forest protection, low, the easy popularization of corresponding cost, output is high, the measured organic purple dendrobium natural forest of matter is attached plants high-yield culture technique.
Purple dendrobium natural forest is attached plants high-yield culture technique, be with the kind transplantation of seedlings of artificial breeding to the attached main tree of natural forest, manually manage and protect production, its feature be just strict by the following method, link implements:
(1) planting environment is selected: select height above sea level 1100-2100m region, best 1400-1800m, average annual temperature 12-21 DEG C, in extreme temperature 2-32 DEG C, more than 260 days frost-free season, air humidity 70-80%, annual rainfall 1200-1800mm, illumination is sufficient, is early exposed to the sun, pollution-free, water source good, gradient 15-60 °, and the southeast is best to slope paddy;
(2) field and attached main tree selection is cultivated: select evergreen broadleaved shrub or dungarunga natural forest, seeds are with robur, strawberry tree for the best, and trunk is moderate, and tree crown is luxuriant, and bark is loose longitudinal crack;
(3) cultivate field cleaning: to overstocked branches and leaves moderate pruning, crown density are all removed to 0.6-0.8, below 40cm second branch, remove ground weeds, note being down to minimum to natural forest damage degree during cleaning, the branches and leaves of removing, grass are concentrated and are burnt;
(4) prepare matrix: with 1-2cm charcoal particle, the sylvan life humus of removal powder, the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, the wood wool of 3 × 2cm, 4 × 3cm coconut husk are raw material, are mixed with matrix for subsequent use after high temperature fumigation by 1:1:1:1:1 weight fraction ratio;
(5) seedling fostering: choosing plants 1-2, robust growth, without damage by disease and insect, provenance is the cultivation base of the purple dendrobium of wild sod grass is maternal plant garden, the therefrom great Ye of selected good quality and high output wealthy ovum type plant, get internode tubbiness, full, fresh row culture cuttings then, when its 30% blade is aging naturally come off time clip, the informal voucher cut first soaks sterilization in 5 seconds with 0.3% potassium permanganate liquid, shine in the sun again to clip and turn white, shine again and put to moving on to during dehydration 20-30% in 22-25 DEG C of thermostatic chamber, note not overlapping extruding, occur that bud will be wiped out in time, leave anthocaulus, treat that 3-4 next year, the axillary bud sprouting month is to 2-3cm, when root system grows 2-3 bar long 1-2cm, cut by 1-2 stipes, shining under being put into the sun after soaking 5 seconds with 0.3% potassium permanganate liquid to clip is that white can be transplanted,
(6) transplant: the 5-7 month is solid on tree bar in twining from top to bottom at the height cotton thread apart from ground 60cm with two seedling one clump by the seedling cultivated, clump is apart from 15-20cm, seedling exposes stem foot, note protection radical bud, make new root contact bark, when natural humidity is too low as far as possible, a little liver moss can be fixed with water conservation at seedling root, wrapped the matrix got ready before beginning of spring next year in shoot root tip with brown sheet, allow matrix cover 1/3 of root, matrix rots to change in time;
(7) water and fertilizer management: transplant to become a fine day for latter month and water a water every day, carry out at dusk, irrigate, the rainy day does not water, and no longer waters after one month, and the special year's harvest can rationally moisturizing; Next year and later repeatedly can watering on a small quantity before the beginning of spring to rainy season, according to feelings every day or water once every 1-2 day, rainy season, resting stage do not water;
Prepared by the source of manure: natural pond liquid stoste closes placement more than 1 month, pig, ox, the abundant fermentation maturity of sheep excrement, and the green manure such as sweet wormwood, sweet potato is cut into 2cm segment closes fermentation more than 3 months, and qualified microorganism fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer detect in country;
Fertilizer practice: transplant and can apply fertilizer after one month, by the cattle and sheep pig manure of preparation, green manure is alone or mix use, and furnishing starchiness is applied in seedling root tip, covers and is no more than root system 1/3; Blade face or root spray natural pond liquid or microorganism fertilizer, can alone or alternately use, and front 2 lunar palus liquid Normal juice are watered 1:5, and rear several lunar palus liquid Normal juice is watered 1:3, and interval 5-7 days sprays once; Transplanting next year need not enrich root base manure, later growth year, enriches pig of becoming thoroughly decomposed, ox, sheep excrement in right amount according to growing way, biological organic fertilizer particle, fermentation green manure, uses separately or mixing use; Foliage fertilizer: 3-5 month Seedling Stage sprays 1:5 natural pond water liquid or microorganism fertilizer, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 5-7 days once, seedling spraying 1:3 natural pond liquid water or microorganism fertilizer, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution in the 5-7 month, enrich cattle and sheep pig manure, biological organic fertilizer particle, green manure the 8-9 month in root, foliage-spray is with middle seedling stage, the phase foliage-spray 0.3% of after ripening by the end of September potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, when stem apex increases slightly in full circle, stops fertilising;
(8) extermination of disease and insect pest: remove the overstocked branches and leaves of attached main tree in time, removes ground weeds and concentrates and burn, and spreads quicklime once, every mu of 100kg, find that disease leaf, strain are rejected in time and burn every 2-3 month ground; 1500 times of liquid+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solutions are reached with 25% Amici, 2% 200 times, pesticide corrosion 120 aqua liquid+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.3% matrine 1200 times liquid+2.6% chitin, 600 times of liquid, three alternately sprays, Seedling Stage 15-20 days once, days once, dispenser will to be staggered 5-7 days with fertilising for middle seedling stage, prosperous raw phase 7-10; With 6% matrine 1200-1500 times of liquid spraying deinsectization before transplanting, attached below main tree trunk 60cm whitewashes by quicklime 10, water 30, salt 1, clay 1, lime sulfur stoste 1 matching while using in mass ratio; Every mu is hung 3-5 trapping box, uses Australia's Pola--and 65% noctuid kairomone bait formulation 1:1 is watered dilution+5g Methomyl, and 100ml divides 3 parts to be invested in 3 trapping boxes; Herd the chicken, the goose that cut off wing plumage in garden to peck at worm; Add water 10 times with orange peel and soak 24 hours filtrate and to spray anti-aphid, two spotted spider mite; With the 200 times of liquid sprayings of snail shark, the anti-snail of the general berley in ground salt quicklime, slug;
(9) gather: the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, gather when leaf natural comes off totally, be longer than 15cm for degree with stem bar, First Year every clump palpus retains 1-2 bar, later then up to standardly namely adopts, and available sharp sword cuts with upper part from stem foot band pulp 1-2 joint, classification binding.
Cultivate purple dendrobium as stated above, not only protected ecotope but also improved the output and quality of the stem of noble dendrobium, planting cost is low, and good in economic efficiency being easy to is promoted, a kind of comparatively ideal organic stem of noble dendrobium plant development technology of can yet be regarded as.
Embodiment
embodiment:select the average annual temperature 12-21 DEG C of height above sea level 1500m, frost-free season is not less than 280 days, annual rainfall 1200-1800mm, illumination is sufficient, and the good southeast, water source is to forest land, gentle slope as plantation, and the evergreen broad-leaved arbor in forest land is mostly robur, strawberry tree, pruning overstocked branches and leaves makes crown density reach 0.6-0.8, the second branch of below 40cm all removes, and removes ground weeds, and purge is concentrated and burnt, with 1-2cm charcoal particle, the removing sylvan life humus of powder, the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, the wood wool of 3 × 2cm, that 4 × 3cm coconut husk makes raw material is more for subsequent use than preparation matrix by 1:1:1:1:1 weight fraction after high temperature fumigation, cultivate seedling: planting 1-2, robust growth, without damage by disease and insect, provenance is the great Ye wealthy ovum type plant of selected good quality and high output in the purple dendrobium cultivation base of wild sod grass for maternal, get internode tubbiness full, fresh row culture cuttings then, its 30% blade is aging naturally come off time cut, shine under being put in sunlight after soaking 5 seconds with 0.3% potassium permanganate liquid to clip and turn white, shine again and put to moving in 22-25 DEG C of greenhouse during dehydration 20-30%, avoid extruding, diligent observation, wipe out bud in time, leave anthocaulus, treat next year 3, April axillary bud sprouting, grow to 2-3cm, when root system grows 1-2cm long 2-3 bar, cut by 1-2 stipes, with the sterilization in 5 seconds of 0.3% potassium permanganate water soaking, shining under putting the sun turns white to clip just can transplant, seedling two seedling one clump is twining from top to bottom admittedly on attached main tree trunk by the 5-7 month in the shape of a spiral apart from 60cm place, ground cotton thread, clump, apart from 15-20cm, is noted exposing stem foot, protects radical bud, and make it to contact bark, if too dry can fix a little liver moss moisturizing at seedling root as far as possible, wrapped the matrix got ready before beginning of spring next year with brown sheet, make it cover shoot root 1/3, matrix is once rot to change in time, transplant in latter one month, fine day waters once permeable every day at dusk, no longer waters after one month, does can suitably water if special, next year and after, before the beginning of spring to rainy season, repeatedly can water on a small quantity, every day or every 1-2 days once, rainy season and resting stage do not water, fertilising: transplants and can apply fertilizer after one month, with the pig of fully fermentation, ox, sheep excrement, macerates ripe sweet wormwood, sweet potato green manure, respectively or mixing furnishing paste-like be applied to the tip of a root, covering is no more than root system 1/3, foliage-spray natural pond liquid, two lunar palus liquid Normal juice are watered 1:5, and rear several lunar palus liquid is watered 1:3, spray in interval 5-7 days once, enriches pig, cattle and sheep excrement, biological organic fertilizer particle the 8-9 month in root, sprays 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution by the end of September, when stem apex increases slightly in full circle, stop fertilising.The extermination of disease and insect pest: remove the overstocked branches and leaves of attached main tree in time, weed a garden and concentrate and burn; Quicklime is spread once, every mu of 100kg every 2-3 month ground; 1500 times of liquid+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solutions are reached with 25% Amici, 2% 200 times, pesticide corrosion 120 aqua liquid+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.3% matrine 1200 times liquid+2.6% chitin, 600 times of liquid, three alternately sprays, Seedling Stage 15-20 days once, 7-10 days middle seedling stage once, was noted staggering every 7 days with fertilizer for spraying on leaf surface.Pest control: with 6% matrine 1200-1500 times of liquid spraying before transplanting, attached below main tree trunk 60cm mass parts quicklime 10, water 30, salt 1, clay 1, lime sulfur stoste 1 intermixture are whitewashed; Every mu is hung 3 trapping boxes, by Australia's Pola--and 65% noctuid kairomone bait formulation 1:1 is watered dilution+5g Methomyl, and 100ml divides 3 parts to throw in 3 trapping boxes; The chicken, the goose that cut off wing plumage can be herded to peck at worm in garden; Add water 10 times with orange peel and soak 24 hours filtered juices and to spray anti-aphid, two spotted spider mite; To spray anti-snail, slug with snail shark 200 times of liquid.In the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, leaf natural has taken off just can gather, and be longer than 15cm for degree with stem bar, First Year every clump will leave 1-2 bar, later then up to standardly namely adopts, and cuts rear classification binding with sharp sword from stem foot 1-2 joint place.
Claims (2)
1. purple dendrobium natural forest is attached plants a high-yield culture technique, be with the kind transplantation of seedlings of artificial breeding to the attached main tree of natural forest, manually manage and protect production, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
(1) planting environment is selected: select height above sea level 1100-2100m region, average annual temperature 12-21 DEG C, in extreme temperature 2-32 DEG C, more than 260 days frost-free season, air humidity 70-80%, annual rainfall 1200-1800mm, illumination is sufficient, be early exposed to the sun, pollution-free, water source good, the southeast of gradient 15-60 ° is to slope paddy;
(2) field and attached main tree selection is cultivated: select evergreen broadleaved shrub or dungarunga natural forest, choice of tree species robur and/or strawberry tree, trunk is moderate, and tree crown is luxuriant, and bark is loose longitudinal crack;
(3) cultivate field cleaning: prune overstocked branches and leaves, crown density are all removed to 0.6-0.8, below 40cm second branch, remove ground weeds, note being down to minimum to natural forest damage degree during cleaning, the branches and leaves of removing, weeds are concentrated and are burnt;
(4) matrix is prepared: with the wood wool of 1-2cm charcoal particle, the sylvan life humus removing powder, the farmyard manure become thoroughly decomposed, 3 × 2cm, 4 × 3cm coconut husk for raw material, be mixed with matrix by 1:1:1:1:1 weight fraction ratio after high temperature fumigation for subsequent use;
(5) seedling fostering: choosing plants 1-2, robust growth, without damage by disease and insect, provenance is the cultivation base of the purple dendrobium of wild sod grass is maternal plant garden, the therefrom great Ye of selected good quality and high output wealthy ovum type plant, get internode tubbiness, full, fresh row culture cuttings then, when its 30% leaf natural is aging come off time clip, the informal voucher cut first soaks sterilization in 5 seconds with 0.3% potassium permanganate liquid, shine in the sun again to clip and turn white, shine again and put to moving on to during dehydration 20-30% in 22-25 DEG C of thermostatic chamber, note not overlapping extruding, occur that bud is wiped out in time, leave anthocaulus, treat that 3-4 next year, the axillary bud sprouting month is to 2-3cm, root system grows 2-3 bar, during long 1-2cm, cut by 1-2 stipes, shining under being put into the sun after soaking 5 seconds with 0.3% potassium permanganate liquid to clip is that white can be transplanted,
(6) transplant: the seedling cultivated is twining from top to bottom admittedly on tree bar with two seedling one clump by the 5-7 month in the shape of a spiral apart from the height cotton thread of ground 60cm, clump is apart from 15-20cm, seedling exposes stem foot, note protection radical bud, make new root contact bark, when natural humidity is too low as far as possible, a little liver moss can be fixed with water conservation at seedling root, wrapped the matrix got ready before beginning of spring next year in shoot root tip with brown sheet, allow matrix cover 1/3 of root, matrix rots to change in time;
(7) water and fertilizer management: transplant to become a fine day for latter month and water a water every day, carry out at dusk, the rainy day does not water, and no longer waters after one month, the reasonable moisturizing of the special year's harvest; Next year and later repeatedly can watering on a small quantity before the beginning of spring to rainy season, according to circumstances every day or water once every 1-2 day, rainy season, resting stage do not water;
Prepared by the source of manure: natural pond liquid stoste closes placement more than 1 month, pig, ox, the abundant fermentation maturity of sheep excrement, and the green manure such as sweet wormwood, sweet potato is cut into 2cm segment closes fermentation more than 3 months, and qualified microorganism fertilizer and biological organic fertilizer detect in country;
Fertilizer practice: transplant and can apply fertilizer after one month, by the cattle and sheep pig manure of preparation, green manure is alone or mix use, and furnishing starchiness is applied in seedling root tip, covers and is no more than root system 1/3; Blade face or root spray natural pond liquid or microorganism fertilizer, can alone or alternately use, and front 2 lunar palus liquid Normal juice are watered 1:5, and rear several lunar palus liquid Normal juice is watered 1:3, and interval sprays once for 5-7 days; Transplanting next year need not enrich root base manure, later growth year, enriches pig of becoming thoroughly decomposed, ox, sheep excrement in right amount according to growing way, biological organic fertilizer particle, fermentation green manure, uses separately or mixing use; Foliage fertilizer: 3-5 month Seedling Stage sprays 1:5 natural pond water liquid or microorganism fertilizer, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 5-7 days once, seedling spraying 1:3 natural pond liquid water or microorganism fertilizer, 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution in the 5-7 month, enrich cattle and sheep pig manure, biological organic fertilizer particle, green manure the 8-9 month in root, foliage-spray is with middle seedling stage, the phase foliage-spray 0.3% of after ripening by the end of September potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, when stem apex increases slightly in full circle, stops fertilising;
(8) extermination of disease and insect pest: remove the overstocked branches and leaves of attached main tree in time, removes ground weeds and concentrates and burn, and spreads quicklime once, every mu of 100kg, find that disease leaf, strain are rejected in time and burn every 2-3 month ground; 1500 times of liquid+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solutions are reached with 25% Amici, 2% 200 times, pesticide corrosion 120 aqua liquid+0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, 0.3% matrine 1200 times liquid+2.6% chitin, 600 times of liquid, three alternately sprays, Seedling Stage 15-20 days once, days once, dispenser and fertilising are staggered 5-7 days for middle seedling stage, prosperous raw phase 7-10; With 6% matrine 1200-1500 times of liquid spraying deinsectization before transplanting, attached below main tree trunk 60cm whitewashes by quicklime 10, water 30, salt 1, clay 1, lime sulfur stoste 1 matching while using in mass ratio; Every mu is hung 3-5 trapping box, and be watered dilution+5g Methomyl with Australia's Pola 65% noctuid kairomone bait formulation 1:1,100ml divides 3 parts to be invested in 3 trapping boxes; Herd the chicken, the goose that cut off wing plumage in garden to peck at worm; Add water 10 times with orange peel and soak 24 hours filtrate and to spray anti-aphid, two spotted spider mite; With snail shark 200 times of water sprays, the anti-snail of the general berley in ground salt quicklime, slug;
(9) gather: the time of the year when autumn changes into winter, gather when leaf natural comes off totally, be longer than 15cm for degree with stem bar, First Year every clump palpus retains 1-2 bar, later then up to standardly namely adopts, and cuts, classification binding with sharp sword from stem foot band pulp 1-2 joint with upper part.
2. a kind of purple dendrobium natural forest according to claim 1 is attached plants high-yield culture technique, and it is characterized in that, described height above sea level selects 1400-1800m region.
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| CN104823664A (en) * | 2015-05-08 | 2015-08-12 | 董骥 | Underwood planting method for dendrobium officinale |
| CN104844362A (en) * | 2015-05-12 | 2015-08-19 | 柳州市耕青科技有限公司 | Liquid medicine for preventing and treating sooty mould of dendrobium officinale |
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| CN105359952A (en) * | 2015-10-18 | 2016-03-02 | 云南斛健庄园生物科技有限公司 | Wildness-imitated planting method of Dendrobium officinale |
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| CN108935036B (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2021-06-01 | 安龙县西城秀树农林有限责任公司 | Wild seedling breeding method for dendrobium |
| CN109122077A (en) * | 2018-08-28 | 2019-01-04 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of mixed planting method of Radix Notoginseng and dendrobium nobile |
| CN110622859A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2019-12-31 | 龙陵县石斛研究所 | High-bud induced seedling growing method for dendrobium devonianum |
| CN110731257A (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2020-01-31 | 广东德苑环境建设有限公司 | Propagation and cultivation method for Elaeagnus acutangula |
| CN111109014A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-08 | 龙陵县石斛研究所 | Organic planting method of dendrobium devoninum paxt |
| CN112400626A (en) * | 2020-12-02 | 2021-02-26 | 庐山市环绿时代农业科技开发有限公司 | Environment-friendly pollution-free dendrobium nobile wild-imitating cultivation method |
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