CN109601315A - A kind of sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling, which is filled the gaps with seedlings, extends the method for the perennial root time limit - Google Patents
A kind of sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling, which is filled the gaps with seedlings, extends the method for the perennial root time limit Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/55—Sugar cane
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
It fills the gaps with seedlings the invention discloses a kind of sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling and extends the method for the perennial root time limit, this method is under cutting sugarcane health seedling bud eye from sugarcane stem and after sterilization, first cultivated in seedlings nursing plate to 4-5 piece true leaf, it fills the gaps with seedlings while gained seedling is applied to planting and the ratoon sugarcane of general planting again, extends the perennial root time limit.Using this method while obtaining sugarcane kind remaining sugarcane stem or one whole sugarcane stem, can continue into sugar refinery squeeze sugar, cost saved sugarcane stem；Nutrition pot grown seedling is first passed through after the cutting of sugarcane health seedling bud eye is lower to be made bud eye fast germination and grows up, then is lacked after kind of a place reseeds to the planting of general planting and ratoon sugarcane, can make to reseed sugarcane seedling and the growth of sugarcane early period seedling reaches consistent, extend the perennial root time limit.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to botanical seedling culturing and planting technology field, specifically a kind of sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling is filled the gaps with seedlings extension
The method of the perennial root time limit.
Background technique
Sugarcane Industry is one of the considerable advantage industry in Guangxi, and very important work is played to the balance between supply and demand of China's sugar
With.Since Eleventh Five-Year Plan, sugar cane production in Guangxi achieves fast development, cultivated area, per unit area yield and total yield simultaneous growth, Guangxi
Sugarcane Industry total size reaches the whole nation first, and superiority at home increasingly highlights.But sugarcane kind supply is insufficient, sugar cane breed
Not high single, kind sexual involution, per unit area yield are still the neck bottle problem for influencing Sugarcane Industry development.It quicklys increase the supply of sugarcane kind, accelerate
The update of new variety of sugarcane has become Guangxi sugarcane production urgent problem.
Although just rapidly being promoted after the rise of tissue culture cane seedling, sugarcane kind supply wretched insufficiency is played centainly
Relaxation effect, but the higher cost of tissue culture, to the more demanding of technology and condition, therefore, the plantation of present sugarcane is bred
Major part is transplanted after still carrying out plantation or first nursery using sugarcane kind or sugarcane simple bud.Cane planting is most initially to be rounded branch sugarcane
Stem cuts into a section double leaf stem section, then puts down and plants or tiltedly plant, and this implantation methods not only expend a large amount of artificial and sugarcane stem,
Planting cost is high, and sugarcane is easily susceptible, causes kind of a sexual involution, yield to reduce, so that the income of sugarcane grower is lower.In order to reduce sugarcane
Double buds have just been changed to simple bud by the cost of kind, later sugarcane grower, however, to ensure that sugarcane kind can sprout for simple bud and growth provide foot
The stem section of enough nutrition, simple bud is still longer, and after cutting simple bud, whole sugarcane is almost surplus how many, and the waste of sugarcane stem is still very
Greatly, and sugar refinery does not like remaining one small section one small section after purchasing this cut kind of sugarcane stem section yet.Therefore, sugarcane is harvested every year
A part of sugarcane stem will be stayed individually to plant when stem out, the sugarcane kind for part of reserving seed for planting, which cannot be sold to sugar refinery, which squeezes sugar, just reduces sugarcane grower's
Income leads to the just more of income reduction that reserved seed for planting mostly, and the new talent for few breeding of reserving seed for planting is just few, and the Leifsonia on a part of sugarcane ground stays
It did not also renovate for many years, low kind of sexual involution of sugarcane yield.
After last year harvesting sugarcane, with staying in sugarcane the bud of the sugarcane root and stem of certain plants in soil suitable environmental condition (mainly temperature and
Humidity) under rudiment be unearthed, then grow up to sugarcane strain, claim stubble cane.The perennial root time limit is generally 2-3, long reachable 4-5 in production.
Stubble cane typically constitutes from 70% or so of kind of sugarcane area, and the quality of stubble cane growth directly influences the total output of sugarcane.Perennial root is sweet
If sugarcane management is bad, field is short of seedling, and disconnected ridge is more, pest and disease damage easy to breed, and the yield of ratoon sugarcane is caused to reduce.Sugarcane grower exists
Weather arid, without often occurring being short of seedling existing due to of poor quality etc. by seed selection, sugarcane kind when planting conventional planting sugarcane
As causing Basic Seedling insufficient, uneven, or because of the limitation of the conditions such as geographical and weather, the field disconnected ridge that is short of seedling is more；Or carry out perennial root
When cultivation management, it is not suitble to the seedling reseeded, does not also carry out looking into lacking and fill the gaps with seedlings, stubble cane disconnected ridge phenomenon of being short of seedling happens occasionally；
Be short of seedling disconnected ridge, the mismanagement of conventional planting and perennial root can all seriously affect the yield of sugarcane, shorten the time limit of perennial root.It is adopted in sugarcane stem
Quickly breeding goes out to be suitble to the new talent reseeded after receipts, then fills the gaps with seedlings, goes forward side by side in the place that conventional planting and perennial root are short of seedling on the ground
The management of row science is to improve planting and ratoon sugarcane yield and extension perennial root time limit most efficient method.
Summary of the invention
It fills the gaps with seedlings the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling and extends the method for the perennial root time limit, using this
Method remaining sugarcane stem or one whole sugarcane stem while obtaining sugarcane kind can continue to squeeze sugar into sugar refinery, cost saved
Sugarcane stem；First passing through nutrition pot grown seedling after the cutting of sugarcane health seedling bud eye is lower makes bud eye fast germination and grows up, then to general planting
Planting and ratoon sugarcane lack after kind of a place reseeded, can make to reseed sugarcane seedling and the growth of sugarcane early period seedling reaches consistent,
Extend the perennial root time limit.
A kind of sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling fill the gaps with seedlings extend the perennial root time limit method the following steps are included:
(1) lower sugarcane health seedling bud eye is cut from the sugarcane stem newly harvested, and sugarcane health seedling bud eye clear water is impregnated into 3-4
Hour, it pulls draining out and is placed on shady place and dry surface moisture；The sugarcane health seedling bud eye is with knife or to cut bud machine from sugarcane
On stem under belt leather cutting, bosom enters skin 0.6-1.2cm, and bud eye retains 0.6-1.2cm respectively up and down, and shape is triangle or ellipse
Circle is shown in Fig. 1.
(2) it is watered with carbendazim and 400-600 times of dilution is made, every 100mL dilution adds 8-12g Diacloden mixture
Thimerosal is obtained, above-mentioned gained sugarcane health seedling bud eye is put into thimerosal and is impregnated 30 minutes, is fished out after sterilizing
Draining dries surface moisture out.
(3) by the seedling medium of organic matter+Fu Zhi Suan≤55% with thin river sand with (1-3): 1 volume ratio is uniformly mixed work
For Nutrition Soil, Nutrition Soil is fitted into seedlings nursing plate, Nutrition Soil flushes the upper surface of seedlings nursing plate.
(4) sugarcane health seedling bud eye obtained by step (2) is implanted into upward by bud and is installed in the seedlings nursing plate of Nutrition Soil, will educated
Seed plate is closely arranged, and builds Small plastic shed above it, covers plastic film radix saposhnikoviae on Small plastic shed when temperature is lower than 25 DEG C
It is warming, black puggaree sunshade is covered on Small plastic shed when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C.
(5) drenching a water after planting daily keeps Nutrition Soil wet；After it grows Sugarcane Seedlings and there are 3 leaves, tear open
Except plastic film or puggaree, starts to apply fertilizer for the first time, select S-based compound fertilizer, its 1:(500-600 in mass ratio) is dissolved in
Seedling is sprayed or is poured after water and is applied, poured and applies once every 5-6 days later.
(6) blade tip for transplanting first 5 days trimming sugarcane seedlings, cuts off the 1/3~1/2 of blade, to reduce leaf transpiration dehydration；
And pest control is sprayed to sugarcane seedling with any one in " degree is sharp ", " avermectin ", " Dipel " and is sterilized.
It (7), can be by small transplantation of seedlings crop field, according between former planting or ratoon sugarcane when seedling length to 4-5 piece true leaf
Away from opening kind of a plant hole at the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling, apply the every cave sugarcane formula fertilizer 200-300g, apply by 5% uniconazole P, boric acid, sulfuric acid
The mixed fertilizer that magnesium, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate are mixed with mass ratio 2:5:10:10:5, the every cave 100-200g, will have 4-5 piece
For the sugarcane seedling of true leaf from removing balled transplanting on seedlings nursing plate into kind of plant hole, when transplanting, is disposably watered with root water.
(8) soil dressing is combined, every plant of 200-300g of sugarcane formula fertilizer is applied to former planting sugarcane seedling or ratoon sugarcane seedling,
Sugarcane field covers new photodegradative herbicidal plastic film.
(9) in the later period of sugarcane production animated period, leaf is shelled to cane stalk using peeling leaves of sugarcane tool, keeps ventilation and penetrating light,
The sugarcane top peeled is smashed into embedment sugarcane field, bury 3-5cm, and to the sugarcane after stripping leaf spray " degree sharp ", " avermectin ",
Any one pest control in " Dipel " is simultaneously sterilized.
Step (1) the sugarcane stem is the first generation health seedling stem that sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings are grown after plantation, and this sugarcane stem is still
With excellent kind, sugarcane bud eye is high-quality, germination percentage, tillering capacity, the speed of growth, at stem rate, leaf photosynthesis efficiency etc. all
Better than the sugarcane stem for planting out after root many years of staying overnight.
The bud machine of cutting includes pedestal, compressing structure, pneumatic control structure, support construction, cutting structure；The pedestal top
Compressing structure is installed in face, and base side installs support construction, support construction top front end installation cutting structure；The pressure
Locking structure and cutting structure are connect with pneumatic control structure；It cuts and is mounted with solenoid valve on bud machine, cutter is annular cutter, is realized
One knife can cut out a sugarcane bud eye when linkage.
Organic matter+the corruption grows the seedling medium of acid≤55% using pure natural peat as primary raw material, arranges in pairs or groups big or middle, micro
Element, nutrition are complete.
The sugarcane formula fertilizer is new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer, is according to each growth period of sugarcane to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon
The demand characteristics of the nutrients such as calcium and magnesium, the long-acting control nitrogen slow-release fertilizer that science is formulated, total nutrient >=51% can reach and disposably applies
Fertilizer exempts from the effect of the economic high yield of top dressing.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1, the present invention is under cutting the bud eye for having reproduction ability on sugarcane from sugarcane stem as sugarcane kind, remaining sugarcane stem or one
Whole sugarcane stem can continue to squeeze sugar into sugar refinery, cost saved sugarcane stem；Using this method, as long as sugarcane grower is when harvesting sugarcane
Lower bud eye is first cut from the sugarcane stem of part, then remaining sugarcane stem sugar refinery is sold to again together and squeezes sugar, can both obtain sugarcane kind, sugarcane stem
It can be taken in again with being sold to sugar refinery with the much the same price of sugarcane for not cutting bud eye, greatly increase the income of sugarcane grower,
Large quantities of sugarcane stems will be stayed to work as sugarcane kind when without harvesting sugarcane every year as in the past again.And only bud eye is taken to plant, also
The quantity that sugarcane kind can be greatly improved solves previous sugarcane grower to sell more sugarcane stems and is reluctant to staying too many sugarcane stem asking when sugarcane kind
Topic.The bud eye sugar content of sugarcane is in fact very low, and the ton sugar content of the sugarcane stem after removing bud eye is higher, i.e. sugarcane stem after removing bud eye
It is more suitable for squeezing sugar, removing bud eye can be reduced the amount of seepage of sugar refinery milling shop, reduce energy consumption.
2, the cutting of sugarcane bud eye can also manually be cut with knife by manually being cut with knife by cutting bud machine automatic cutting
The flexibility cut is preferable, and it is overstocked or the sugarcane stem of unsuitable machine cutting such as dredge excessively can to cut some more serious bendings, bud eye；It cuts
Bud machine automatic cutting cuts bud speed fastly and saves manpower, and the sugarcane bud eye specification cut out is uniform, high-quality, emergence rate is high.
3, the sugarcane stem of sugarcane health seedling bud eye of the invention from health, healthy sugarcane stem are sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings by kind
The first generation health seedling stem grown after plant, this sugarcane stem still have excellent kind, and sugarcane bud eye is high-quality, germination percentage, tiller
Rate, the speed of growth are better than the sugarcane stem for planting out after root many years of staying overnight at stem rate, leaf photosynthesis efficiency etc., sweet with what is obtained
Sugarcane health seedling bud eye is as sugarcane kind, and kind property is good, and the sugarcane seedling cultivated is quality.
4, the nutritional ingredient contained due to the bud eye of sugarcane is less, insufficient to sprout for it and growth provides enough nutrition,
Directly very low in field planting emergence rate, the survival rate of seedling is also very low, and the sugarcane health seedling bud eye under the present invention will be cut passes through
Progress nutrition cultivation in seedlings nursing plate is implanted into after sterilization, the toxin that sugarcane kind contains after sterilization is lower, cultivates
The seedling come is more healthy, and disease-resistant insect resistance capacity is stronger, and advanced field headquarters, which is supported, cultivates, and the bud ratio of sugarcane kind is higher, and management is also compared
It is convenient, less whole nutritional ingredients needed for bud eye sprouting can be added in Nutrition Soil and grow are taken up an area during nursery, are cultivated
The seedling come is more sturdy, and sugarcane emergence survival rate is up to 98%.The present invention selects sulfenyl when to seedling top dressing in seedlings nursing plate
Compound fertilizer, S-based compound fertilizer do not burn root not burn seedlings, and containing a large amount of element sulphur, good absorption effect does not easily cause soil hardening, salt
The bad phenomenons such as change, alkalization.Sugarcane Seedlings are cultivated using seedlings nursing plate, Nutrition Soil dosage is less, can be easily when transplanting crop field
Seedling is removed above seedlings nursing plate just, and does not hurt root.
5, the method that the present invention uses single fertilization in sugarcane production management, disposable apply meet each period sugarcane
Nutrient needed for growing, simplifies the management of cane planting, has saved planting cost.The new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer applied
It is the demand characteristics according to each growth period of sugarcane to nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon-calcium-magnesiums, science is formulated, sufficiently full
Sufficient sugarcane tillering stage, elongation phase and the nutrient difference in maturity period need, and solve the problems, such as that the collocation of sugarcane production N P and K is unreasonable.Newly
Crop nutrition content sorbefacient and soil activation substance of the direction sugarcane formula fertilizer containing original creation, can significantly increase fertilizer and enter sugarcane
Intracorporal ability and speed promote absorption and utilization of the sugarcane to multiple nutritional components, so effectively improve photosynthetic efficiency,
Absorption efficiency, raising sugarcane cold-resistant, wind resistance, degeneration-resistant and diseases and insect pests resistance of the sugarcane to multiple nutritional components are improved, and is added
Soil activation substance can effectively adjust sugarcane root growth activity, enhance root activity, reduce water, soil and nutrient
It is lost, culture fertility is preserved the ecological environment, to reach upgrading, volume increase, efficient purpose.The Sugarcane Seedlings reseeded also are applied
With the mixed fertilizer mixed by 5% uniconazole P, boric acid, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, zinc sulfate with mass ratio 2:5:10:10:5,
It can accelerate to reseed seedling tiller, be rapidly reached its growing way consistent with the growth of sugarcane seedling early period.
6, using method for culturing seedlings of the invention, the time for cultivating seedling is short, and lower bud eye is just cut in freshly harvested sugarcane stem and is carried out
Nursery, obtained seedling are filled the gaps with seedlings with being applied to conventional planting and ratoon sugarcane, with making up conventional planting sugarcane and ratoon sugarcane because
The seedling not being suitble to is reseeded and leads to the serious problem in ridge of being short of seedling and break, and provides suitable seedling in time and is used to reseed in planting
With ratoon sugarcane be short of seedling and ridge of breaking at, can make to reseed seedling and the growth of seedling early period reaches consistent, effectively improve sugarcane
Yield extends the perennial root time limit, can about extend 2-3 than conventional ratoon sugarcane Cultivate administration.It is cultivated with the present invention sweet
Sugarcane seedling lacks kind of a place to the planting of general planting and ratoon sugarcane and reseeds, the planting of the sugarcane seedling and general planting reseeded or
Ratoon sugarcane growing way is almost the same, can carry out same fertilizer and water management, convenient for management, collecting time is also consistent.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the sugarcane health seedling bud eye under just having cut；
Fig. 2 is remaining sugarcane stem after cutting lower sugarcane health seedling bud eye；
Sugarcane grower will be in the sugarcane health seedling bud eye implantation seedlings nursing plate after sterilization in Fig. 3；
The young shoot that part bud eye in Fig. 4 on seedlings nursing plate is sprouted has been emerged Nutrition Soil face, it is seen that healthy and strong young shoot；
Fig. 5 is also on seedlings nursing plate but to have grown the Sugarcane Seedlings in crop field to be transplanted after 4-5 piece true leaf and pruned blade tip；
Fig. 6 is the native Sugarcane Seedlings of band removed from seedlings nursing plate；
Fig. 7 is the agent structure schematic diagram for cutting bud machine；
Fig. 8 is the electric control system figure for cutting bud machine, description of symbols in figure: 5, cuts cylinder, 9, solenoid valve, 10, air inlet shunting
Valve, 11, outlet flow divider, 12, foot valve, 13, gas source regulating device, 14, position sensor, 15, compression cylinder, 17, electricity
Machine, 18, control circuit board；
Fig. 9 is the main view, left view and top view for cutting bud machine hold-down mechanism；
Figure 10 is the main view, left view and top view for cutting bud machine base.
Specific embodiment
For the more detailed introduction present invention, below with reference to embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling fill the gaps with seedlings extend the perennial root time limit method the following steps are included:
(1) lower sugarcane health seedling bud eye is cut from the sugarcane stem newly harvested, sugarcane health seedling bud eye is small with clear water immersion 3
When, it pulls draining out and is placed on shady place and dry surface moisture；The sugarcane health seedling bud eye is with cutting bud machine from band on sugarcane stem
Under skin cutting, bosom enters skin 0.6-1.2cm, and bud eye retains 0.6-1.2cm respectively up and down, and shape is triangle or ellipse.
(2) it is watered with carbendazim and 600 times of dilutions is made, every 100mL dilution adds 8g Diacloden mixture and disappeared
Above-mentioned gained sugarcane health seedling bud eye is put into thimerosal and impregnates 30 minutes, pulled out draining after sterilizing by venom
Dry surface moisture.
(3) seedling medium of organic matter+Fu Zhi Suan≤55% is uniformly mixed with the volume ratio of thin river sand using 3:1 as battalion
Soil is supported, Nutrition Soil is fitted into seedlings nursing plate, Nutrition Soil flushes the upper surface of seedlings nursing plate.
(4) sugarcane health seedling bud eye obtained by step (2) is implanted into upward by bud and is installed in the seedlings nursing plate of Nutrition Soil, will educated
Seed plate is closely arranged, and builds Small plastic shed above it, covers plastic film radix saposhnikoviae on Small plastic shed when temperature is lower than 25 DEG C
It is warming, black puggaree sunshade is covered on Small plastic shed when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C.
(5) drenching a water after planting daily keeps Nutrition Soil wet；After it grows Sugarcane Seedlings and there are 3 leaves, tear open
Except plastic film or puggaree, starts to apply fertilizer for the first time, select S-based compound fertilizer (n-p-k ratio 17:17:17), it is pressed into matter
Amount, which is dissolved in spraying seedling after water or pouring than 1:500, to be applied, and was poured and is applied once every 6 days later.
(6) blade tip for transplanting first 5 days trimming sugarcane seedlings, cuts off the 1/3 of blade, to reduce leaf transpiration dehydration；It is used in combination
1000 times of dilutions of " degree is sharp " spray pest control to sugarcane seedling and sterilize.
It (7), can be by small transplantation of seedlings crop field, according between former planting or ratoon sugarcane when seedling length to 4-5 piece true leaf
Away from opening kind of a plant hole at the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling, apply the every cave sugarcane formula fertilizer 250g, apply by 5% uniconazole P, boric acid, magnesium sulfate, sulphur
The mixed fertilizer that sour calcium, zinc sulfate are mixed with mass ratio 2:5:10:10:5, the every cave 150g, by the sugarcane with 4-5 piece true leaf
For seedling from removing balled transplanting on seedlings nursing plate into kind of plant hole, when transplanting, is disposably watered with root water.
(8) soil dressing is combined, every plant of 250g of sugarcane formula fertilizer is applied to former planting sugarcane seedling or ratoon sugarcane seedling, in sugarcane
Ground covers new photodegradative herbicidal plastic film.
(9) in the later period of sugarcane production animated period, leaf is shelled to cane stalk using peeling leaves of sugarcane tool, keeps ventilation and penetrating light,
The sugarcane top peeled is smashed into embedment sugarcane field, bury 3cm, and sprays 100 times of " avermectin " to the sugarcane after stripping leaf
Dilution pest control is simultaneously sterilized.
Step (1) the sugarcane stem is the first generation health seedling stem that sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings are grown after plantation, and this sugarcane stem is still
With excellent kind, sugarcane bud eye is high-quality, germination percentage, tillering capacity, the speed of growth, at stem rate, leaf photosynthesis efficiency etc. all
Better than the sugarcane stem for planting out after root many years of staying overnight.
The bud machine of cutting includes pedestal, compressing structure, pneumatic control structure, support construction, cutting structure；The pedestal top
Compressing structure is installed in face, and base side installs support construction, support construction top front end installation cutting structure；The pressure
Locking structure and cutting structure are connect with pneumatic control structure；It cuts and is mounted with solenoid valve on bud machine, cutter is annular cutter, is realized
One knife can cut out a sugarcane bud eye when linkage.
Organic matter+the corruption grows the seedling medium of acid≤55% using pure natural peat as primary raw material, arranges in pairs or groups big or middle, micro
Element, nutrition is complete, is purchased from Changchun Xi He peat Science and Technology Ltd..
The sugarcane formula fertilizer is new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer, is according to each growth period of sugarcane to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon
The demand characteristics of the nutrients such as calcium and magnesium, the long-acting control nitrogen slow-release fertilizer that science is formulated, total nutrient >=51%, N-P-K content ratio=
26-10-15 can reach the effect that single fertilization exempts from the economic high yield of top dressing, be purchased from Guangxi new direction chemical industry Co., Ltd,
Post expert Tan Yumo team is cultivated with national Sugarcane Industry system south China for a long time by Guangxi new direction chemical industry Co., Ltd
Research and development；Network address:。
Embodiment 2
A kind of sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling fill the gaps with seedlings extend the perennial root time limit method the following steps are included:
(1) lower sugarcane health seedling bud eye is cut from the sugarcane stem newly harvested, and sugarcane health seedling bud eye clear water is impregnated 3.5
Hour, it pulls draining out and is placed on shady place and dry surface moisture；The sugarcane health seedling bud eye is with cutting bud machine from sugarcane stem
Under belt leather cutting, bosom enters skin 0.6-1.2cm, and bud eye retains 0.6-1.2cm respectively up and down, and shape is triangle or ellipse
Shape.
(2) it is watered with carbendazim and 500 times of dilutions is made, every 100mL dilution adds 10g Diacloden mixture and disappeared
Above-mentioned gained sugarcane health seedling bud eye is put into thimerosal and impregnates 30 minutes, pulled out draining after sterilizing by venom
Dry surface moisture.
(3) seedling medium of organic matter+Fu Zhi Suan≤55% is uniformly mixed with the volume ratio of thin river sand using 2:1 as battalion
Soil is supported, Nutrition Soil is fitted into seedlings nursing plate, Nutrition Soil flushes the upper surface of seedlings nursing plate.
(4) sugarcane health seedling bud eye obtained by step (2) is implanted into upward by bud and is installed in the seedlings nursing plate of Nutrition Soil, will educated
Seed plate is closely arranged, and builds Small plastic shed above it, covers plastic film radix saposhnikoviae on Small plastic shed when temperature is lower than 25 DEG C
It is warming, black puggaree sunshade is covered on Small plastic shed when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C.
(5) drenching a water after planting daily keeps Nutrition Soil wet；After it grows Sugarcane Seedlings and there are 3 leaves, tear open
Except plastic film or puggaree, starts to apply fertilizer for the first time, select S-based compound fertilizer (n-p-k ratio 17:17:17), it is pressed into matter
Amount, which is dissolved in spraying seedling after water or pouring than 1:600, to be applied, and was poured and is applied once every 5 days later.
(6) blade tip for transplanting first 5 days trimming sugarcane seedlings, cuts off the 1/3 of blade, to reduce leaf transpiration dehydration；It is used in combination
1000 times of dilutions of " avermectin " spray pest control to sugarcane seedling and sterilize.
It (7), can be by small transplantation of seedlings crop field, according between former planting or ratoon sugarcane when seedling length to 4-5 piece true leaf
Away from opening kind of a plant hole at the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling, apply the every cave sugarcane formula fertilizer 200g, apply by 5% uniconazole P, boric acid, magnesium sulfate, sulphur
The mixed fertilizer that sour calcium, zinc sulfate are mixed with mass ratio 2:5:10:10:5, the every cave 200g, by the sugarcane with 4-5 piece true leaf
For seedling from removing balled transplanting on seedlings nursing plate into kind of plant hole, when transplanting, is disposably watered with root water.
(8) soil dressing is combined, every plant of 200g of sugarcane formula fertilizer is applied to former planting sugarcane seedling or ratoon sugarcane seedling, in sugarcane
Ground covers new photodegradative herbicidal plastic film.
(9) in the later period of sugarcane production animated period, leaf is shelled to cane stalk using peeling leaves of sugarcane tool, keeps ventilation and penetrating light,
The sugarcane top peeled is smashed into embedment sugarcane field, bury 4cm, and sprays 100 times of " Dipel " to the sugarcane after stripping leaf
Dilution pest control is simultaneously sterilized.
Step (1) the sugarcane stem is the first generation health seedling stem that sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings are grown after plantation, and this sugarcane stem is still
With excellent kind, sugarcane bud eye is high-quality, germination percentage, tillering capacity, the speed of growth, at stem rate, leaf photosynthesis efficiency etc. all
Better than the sugarcane stem for planting out after root many years of staying overnight.
The bud machine of cutting includes pedestal, compressing structure, pneumatic control structure, support construction, cutting structure；The pedestal top
Compressing structure is installed in face, and base side installs support construction, support construction top front end installation cutting structure；The pressure
Locking structure and cutting structure are connect with pneumatic control structure；It cuts and is mounted with solenoid valve on bud machine, cutter is annular cutter, is realized
One knife can cut out a sugarcane bud eye when linkage.
Organic matter+the corruption grows the seedling medium of acid≤55% using pure natural peat as primary raw material, arranges in pairs or groups big or middle, micro
Element, nutrition is complete, is purchased from Changchun Xi He peat Science and Technology Ltd..
The sugarcane formula fertilizer is new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer, is according to each growth period of sugarcane to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon
The demand characteristics of the nutrients such as calcium and magnesium, the long-acting control nitrogen slow-release fertilizer that science is formulated, total nutrient >=51%, N-P-K content ratio=
26-10-15 can reach the effect that single fertilization exempts from the economic high yield of top dressing, be purchased from Guangxi new direction chemical industry Co., Ltd,
Post expert Tan Yumo team is cultivated with national Sugarcane Industry system south China for a long time by Guangxi new direction chemical industry Co., Ltd
Research and development；Network address:。
Embodiment 3
A kind of sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling fill the gaps with seedlings extend the perennial root time limit method the following steps are included:
(1) lower sugarcane health seedling bud eye is cut from the sugarcane stem newly harvested, sugarcane health seedling bud eye is small with clear water immersion 4
When, it pulls draining out and is placed on shady place and dry surface moisture；The sugarcane health seedling bud eye is to use tulwar from belt leather on sugarcane stem
Under cutting, bosom enters skin 0.6-1.2cm, and bud eye retains 0.6-1.2cm respectively up and down, and shape is triangle or ellipse.
(2) it is watered with carbendazim and 400 times of dilutions is made, every 100mL dilution adds 12g Diacloden mixture and disappeared
Above-mentioned gained sugarcane health seedling bud eye is put into thimerosal and impregnates 30 minutes, pulled out draining after sterilizing by venom
Dry surface moisture.
(3) seedling medium of organic matter+Fu Zhi Suan≤55% is uniformly mixed with the volume ratio of thin river sand using 1:1 as battalion
Soil is supported, Nutrition Soil is fitted into seedlings nursing plate, Nutrition Soil flushes the upper surface of seedlings nursing plate.
(4) sugarcane health seedling bud eye obtained by step (2) is implanted into upward by bud and is installed in the seedlings nursing plate of Nutrition Soil, will educated
Seed plate is closely arranged, and builds Small plastic shed above it, covers plastic film radix saposhnikoviae on Small plastic shed when temperature is lower than 25 DEG C
It is warming, black puggaree sunshade is covered on Small plastic shed when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C.
(5) drenching a water after planting daily keeps Nutrition Soil wet；After it grows Sugarcane Seedlings and there are 3 leaves, tear open
Except plastic film or puggaree, starts to apply fertilizer for the first time, select S-based compound fertilizer (n-p-k ratio 17:17:17), it is pressed into matter
Amount, which is dissolved in spraying seedling after water or pouring than 1:600, to be applied, and was poured and is applied once every 5 days later.
(6) blade tip for transplanting first 5 days trimming sugarcane seedlings, cuts off the 1/2 of blade, to reduce leaf transpiration dehydration；It is used in combination
1000 times of dilutions of " Dipel " spray pest control to sugarcane seedling and sterilize.
It (7), can be by small transplantation of seedlings crop field, according between former planting or ratoon sugarcane when seedling length to 4-5 piece true leaf
Away from opening kind of a plant hole at the disconnected ridge that is short of seedling, apply the every cave sugarcane formula fertilizer 300g, apply by 5% uniconazole P, boric acid, magnesium sulfate, sulphur
The mixed fertilizer that sour calcium, zinc sulfate are mixed with mass ratio 2:5:10:10:5, the every cave 100g, by the sugarcane with 4-5 piece true leaf
For seedling from removing balled transplanting on seedlings nursing plate into kind of plant hole, when transplanting, is disposably watered with root water.
(8) soil dressing is combined, every plant of 300g of sugarcane formula fertilizer is applied to former planting sugarcane seedling or ratoon sugarcane seedling, in sugarcane
Ground covers new photodegradative herbicidal plastic film.
(9) in the later period of sugarcane production animated period, leaf is shelled to cane stalk using peeling leaves of sugarcane tool, keeps ventilation and penetrating light,
The sugarcane top peeled is smashed into embedment sugarcane field, bury 5cm, and 100 times of dilutions of " degree is sharp " are sprayed to the sugarcane after stripping leaf
Pest control is simultaneously sterilized.
Step (1) the sugarcane stem is the first generation health seedling stem that sugar-cane tissue culture seedlings are grown after plantation, and this sugarcane stem is still
With excellent kind, sugarcane bud eye is high-quality, germination percentage, tillering capacity, the speed of growth, at stem rate, leaf photosynthesis efficiency etc. all
Better than the sugarcane stem for planting out after root many years of staying overnight.
Organic matter+the corruption grows the seedling medium of acid≤55% using pure natural peat as primary raw material, arranges in pairs or groups big or middle, micro
Element, nutrition is complete, is purchased from Changchun Xi He peat Science and Technology Ltd..
The sugarcane formula fertilizer is new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer, is according to each growth period of sugarcane to nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon
The demand characteristics of the nutrients such as calcium and magnesium, the long-acting control nitrogen slow-release fertilizer that science is formulated, total nutrient >=51%, N-P-K content ratio=
26-10-15 can reach the effect that single fertilization exempts from the economic high yield of top dressing, be purchased from Guangxi new direction chemical industry Co., Ltd,
Post expert Tan Yumo team is cultivated with national Sugarcane Industry system south China for a long time by Guangxi new direction chemical industry Co., Ltd
Research and development；Network address:。
In order to more intuitively indicate whole process, partial routine of the present invention picture to nursery and mechanical transplanting process
It is shown with step products, sees Fig. 1-Fig. 6.Fig. 1 is the sugarcane health seedling bud eye under just having cut；Fig. 2 is to cut lower sugarcane to be good for
Remaining sugarcane stem after health seedling bud eye；The sugarcane health seedling bud eye after sterilization is implanted into seedlings nursing plate by sugarcane grower in Fig. 3
In；The young shoot that part bud eye in Fig. 4 on seedlings nursing plate is sprouted has been emerged Nutrition Soil face, it is seen that healthy and strong young shoot；Fig. 5 is also to exist
On seedlings nursing plate but the sugarcane seedling in crop field to be transplanted after 4-5 piece true leaf and pruned blade tip is grown；Fig. 6 is from seedlings nursing plate
The native sugarcane seedling of the band removed.
The structure for cutting bud machine is shown in Fig. 7-10, is described in detail as follows:
Cutting bud machine includes pedestal, compressing structure, pneumatic control structure, support construction, cutting structure；The base top surface installation pressure
Locking structure, and base side installs support construction, support construction top front end installation cutting structure；The compressing structure and
Cutting structure is connect with pneumatic control structure；Compressing structure, pneumatic control structure, cutting structure pass through route and control route
Plate 18 connects.
The compressing structure includes compressing member 2, compression cylinder 15, motor 17；The compressing member 2 connects electricity by screw rod 16
Machine 17,16 top compressing member of screw rod, 2 top surface are equipped with compression cylinder 15；Compression cylinder 15 is equipped with position sensor 14.Compress gas
The piston rod of cylinder 15 is equipped with rear pressure plate 3, and rear pressure plate 3 is arc-shaped shape.Compressing structure passes through motor 17 on bottom plate
Positive and negative rotation drives screw rod 16 to retreat, and realizes and is moved forward and backward.
The screw rod can also be replaced with worm and gear.
The 2 front end two sides of compressing member are equipped with preceding pressure plate 2-1, and preceding pressure plate 2-1 and rear pressure plate 3 are mutual corresponding
Circular arc；The U-type groove 2-2 being recessed inwardly is equipped at the front end center of compressing member 2.
The cutting structure includes annular cutter 4 and cutting cylinder 5, and the push-off pin of cutting cylinder 5 connects annular cutter 4；
Annular cutter 4 agrees with U-type groove 2-2 phase.Cutting cylinder 5 is vertically fixed in support construction two sides by cutting air cylinder fixed plate 6 and consolidates
On fixed board 7.
The pneumatic control structure includes gas source regulating device 13, foot valve 12, air inlet flow divider 10 and outlet flow divider
11, the gas source regulating device 13 connects foot valve 12, and foot valve 12 is separately connected the import of air inlet flow divider 10, outlet shunts
The outlet of valve 11, the one outlet of air inlet flow divider 10 connect that a stomata in compression cylinder 15, another goes out by tracheae
Mouth connects one end of solenoid valve 9 by tracheae, and a stomata in the other end connection cutting cylinder 5 of solenoid valve 9 cuts cylinder
One import of 5 another stomata connection outlet flow divider 11, another stomata of compression cylinder 15 connect outlet flow divider
11 another import.
18 3 interfaces of the control circuit board are connect with motor 17, position sensor 14 and solenoid valve 9 respectively.
The pedestal includes two pieces of parallel bottom plates 1.
The support construction includes two sides fixed plate 7 and support plate 8,7 bottom end of two sides fixed plate, two pieces with pedestal respectively
Parallel mat 1 is connected with fixation, and fixed plate 7 upper end in two sides is connect with support plate 8 with fixation.
It cuts and is mounted with solenoid valve on bud machine, cut cylinder movement using solenoid valve control, the time difference can be formed, guarantee pressure
It is next to cut again.Foot valve is depressed when use, pressure plate is released and compresses sugarcane stem after compression cylinder drives, when built in cylinder push-rod
Magnetite when detecting signal by position sensor, cutting cylinder push-off pin is released, and annular cutter cuts sugarcane bud eye, unclamps foot
Valve is stepped on, compression cylinder, cutting cylinder return simultaneously.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling, which is filled the gaps with seedlings, extends the method for the perennial root time limit, which is characterized in that the method includes with
Lower step:
(1) lower sugarcane health seedling bud eye is cut from the sugarcane stem newly harvested, and sugarcane health seedling bud eye clear water is impregnated into 3-4
Hour, it pulls draining out and is placed on shady place and dry surface moisture；
(2) it is watered with carbendazim and 400-600 times of dilution is made, every 100mL dilution adds 8-12g Diacloden mixture and obtains
Above-mentioned gained sugarcane health seedling bud eye is put into thimerosal and impregnates 30 minutes, pulled out drip after sterilizing by thimerosal
Water dries surface moisture；
(3) by the seedling medium of organic matter+Fu Zhi Suan≤55% with thin river sand using (1-3): 1 volume ratio be uniformly mixed as battalion
Soil is supported, Nutrition Soil is fitted into seedlings nursing plate, Nutrition Soil flushes the upper surface of seedlings nursing plate；
(4) sugarcane health seedling bud eye obtained by step (2) is implanted into upward by bud and is installed in the seedlings nursing plate of Nutrition Soil, by seedlings nursing plate
It closely arranges, builds Small plastic shed above it, cover plastic film wind-proof warming on Small plastic shed when temperature is lower than 25 DEG C,
Black puggaree sunshade is covered on Small plastic shed when temperature is higher than 25 DEG C；
(5) drenching a water after planting daily keeps Nutrition Soil wet；After it grows Sugarcane Seedlings and there are 3 leaves, modeling is removed
Expect film or puggaree, starts to apply fertilizer for the first time, S-based compound fertilizer is selected, after its 1:(500-600 in mass ratio) is dissolved in water
Seedling is sprayed or is poured and is applied, poured and applies once every 5-6 days later；
(6) blade tip for transplanting preceding 5 days trimming sugarcane seedlings, cuts off the 1/3~1/2 of blade, and with " spending sharp ", " avermectin ",
Any one in " Dipel " sprays pest control to sugarcane seedling and sterilizes；
(7) when seedling it is long to 4-5 piece true leaf when, can by small transplantation of seedlings crop field, according to former planting or the spacing of ratoon sugarcane,
It is short of seedling at disconnected ridge and opens kind of a plant hole, apply the every cave sugarcane formula fertilizer 200-300g, applies by 5% uniconazole P, boric acid, magnesium sulfate, sulfuric acid
The mixed fertilizer that calcium, zinc sulfate are mixed with mass ratio 2:5:10:10:5, the every cave 100-200g will be with the sweet of 4-5 piece true leaf
For sugarcane seedling from removing balled transplanting on seedlings nursing plate into kind of plant hole, when transplanting, is disposably watered with root water；
(8) soil dressing is combined, every plant of 200-300g of sugarcane formula fertilizer is applied to former planting sugarcane seedling or ratoon sugarcane seedling, in sugarcane
Ground covers new photodegradative herbicidal plastic film.
2. sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling, which is filled the gaps with seedlings, according to claim 1 extends the method for the perennial root time limit, which is characterized in that institute
Stating sugarcane health seedling bud eye is with knife or to cut bud machine and cut；It is described cut bud machine include pedestal, it is compressing structure, pneumatic
Control structure, support construction, cutting structure；The base top surface installs compressing structure, and base side installs support construction, institute
State support construction top front end installation cutting structure；The compressing structure and cutting structure are connect with pneumatic control structure；It cuts
It is mounted with that solenoid valve, cutter are annular cutter on bud machine, one knife can cut out a sugarcane bud eye when realizing linkage.
3. sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling, which is filled the gaps with seedlings, according to claim 1 extends the method for the perennial root time limit, which is characterized in that institute
It states organic matter+corruption and grows the seedling medium of acid≤55% using pure natural peat as primary raw material, collocation is big, middle and trace element, nutrition
It is complete.
4. sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling, which is filled the gaps with seedlings, according to claim 1 extends the method for the perennial root time limit, which is characterized in that institute
Stating sugarcane formula fertilizer is new direction sugarcane formula fertilizer, is according to each growth period of sugarcane to nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and silicon-calcium-magnesiums
Demand characteristics, the sustained slow-release fertilizer that is formulated of science, total nutrient >=51%, can reach single fertilization, to exempt from top dressing economy high
The effect of production.
5. sugarcane health seedling bud eye seedling, which is filled the gaps with seedlings, according to claim 1 extends the method for the perennial root time limit, which is characterized in that institute
The method of stating further includes shelling leaf in the later period of sugarcane production animated period to cane stalk using peeling leaves of sugarcane tool, keeping ventilation and penetrating light,
The sugarcane top peeled is smashed into embedment sugarcane field, bury 3-5cm, and to the sugarcane after stripping leaf spray " degree sharp ", " avermectin ",
Any one pest control in " Dipel " is simultaneously sterilized.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110036900A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-23 | 昆山聚贝机械设计有限公司 | Household balcony vegetables soilless planting device |
| CN110692480A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-17 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for increasing sugarcane yield and prolonging perennial root life by obliquely cutting and reseeding sugarcane |
| CN113079996A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-09 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | High-photosynthetic-efficiency sugarcane breeding method |
| CN113854090A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-31 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Seedling raising method for improving perennial root performance of sugarcane |
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| CN102696371A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-10-03 | 雷选 | Sugarcane node bud seedling raising and cultivating method |
| WO2013160242A1 (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2013-10-31 | Basf Se | Method and system for extracting buds from a stalk of a graminaceous plant |
| CN104871680A (en) * | 2015-06-02 | 2015-09-02 | 广西澜光科技有限公司 | Cut-off type sugarcane node bud seed cutting machine |
| CN108714920A (en) * | 2018-05-04 | 2018-10-30 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | A kind of efficiently controllable accurate pneumatic sugarcane seedling stem cuts kind of a machine |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110036900A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2019-07-23 | 昆山聚贝机械设计有限公司 | Household balcony vegetables soilless planting device |
| CN110692480A (en) * | 2019-11-11 | 2020-01-17 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Method for increasing sugarcane yield and prolonging perennial root life by obliquely cutting and reseeding sugarcane |
| CN113079996A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-09 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | High-photosynthetic-efficiency sugarcane breeding method |
| CN113079996B (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2024-06-04 | 云南省农业科学院甘蔗研究所 | High-light-efficiency sugarcane breeding method |
| CN113854090A (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2021-12-31 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Seedling raising method for improving perennial root performance of sugarcane |
| CN113854090B (en) * | 2021-10-18 | 2023-04-18 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Seedling raising method for improving perennial root performance of sugarcane |
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| CN109601315B (en) | 2021-02-02 |
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