CN103703997B - Reproduction method for improving eucalyptus cutting rooting rate and scion strip utilization rate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a propagation method for increasing the rooting rate of eucalyptus cuttings and the utilization rate of cornrows. The method of the invention is to cut the newly born eucalyptus spikes of the year, and then cut the spikes into 2-3? Cuttings of cm, 5-8 cuttings can be obtained from each cutting. After the cuttings are treated with ABT, they are cut in the yellow core soil and placed in a greenhouse for cultivation. The humidity is about 90%, the temperature is about 30°C, and the cultivation is about 30 days. The cuttings can be rooted, and fertilizer and water management should be strengthened after rooting. After 2-3 months of cultivation, the cuttings can grow into rooted seedlings with a height of 20-25 cm, which can be used for afforestation. The rooting rate of cuttings of the eucalyptus cutting method of the present invention is over 97%, and the survival rate is high; each cutting can produce 5 to 8 cutting seedlings, and the utilization rate of cuttings is high; a small area is only needed for mass production of seedlings The fringe-picking nursery significantly reduces production costs and improves economic benefits, and the invention is simple to operate, easy to implement, easy to popularize, and is beneficial to popularize and apply in a large area.

Description

A propagation method for increasing the rooting rate of eucalyptus cuttings and the utilization rate of panicles

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of plant cultivation, and in particular relates to a propagation method for improving the rooting rate of eucalyptus cuttings and the utilization rate of fronds.

Background technique

Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.) is a general term for plants of the genus Eucalyptus L.Heritier in the Myrtle family (Myrtalea juss). Eucalyptus has excellent characteristics such as strong adaptability, fast growth and high yield performance, and short operating cycle. Eucalyptus is widely used, such as eucalyptus oil extracted from eucalyptus leaves is widely used as cosmetic or pharmaceutical raw materials. Eucalyptus wood is not only a good furniture and decoration material, but also its wood fiber is a good raw material for papermaking, so eucalyptus is planted in large areas around the world, which makes eucalyptus one of the three major plantation tree species in the world.

Eucalyptus can be propagated in five ways: seeds, tissue culture, grafting, layering, and cuttings. Currently, the seedling propagation method is only used for breeding. Since Eucalyptus is a cross-pollinated tree species, it is easy to hybridize between species and within species, and the genetic traits of offspring are separated to a large extent, so it is difficult to ensure the consistency of production forests. Due to the high cost of tissue culture propagation, tissue culture is only used for the propagation of good mother seedlings. Grafting propagation is also only used to preserve excellent germplasm resources. Layering has a low reproduction coefficient and is therefore rarely used.

Cutting is the most widely used asexual reproduction. Compared with tissue culture, grafting, layering, etc., it has the advantages of simple operation, fast reproduction speed, high reproduction coefficient, and low cost. However, because Eucalyptus has no root primordia , plus it contains substances that inhibit rooting, it is difficult to root when using common branch cuttings, and hormone treatment must be used to increase the rooting rate of cuttings. Fully automatic spraying and moisturizing cutting propagation in the facility is the best method, but due to the high cost of the facility, it is difficult to guarantee the humidity of the cuttings in the open field, which often leads to a low survival rate of the cuttings.

At present, the research on eucalyptus cutting technology mainly adopts twigs or buds of 10-15 cm as cuttings. For the cuttings collected from the ear picking garden, usually only one cutting can be obtained for one cutting, and for the cuttings Strip utilization is low and rooting rates are generally low.

Establishing a cutting propagation method of eucalyptus with simple operation, high rooting rate and high utilization rate of cuttings will play an important role in the popularization and application of eucalyptus.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above-mentioned existing problems, the present invention provides a method for producing a large number of cutting seedlings with only a small number of spikes. The utilization rate of spikes is increased by 5 to 10 times, and the rooting rate can reach more than 98%. The required area of the nursery is reduced, the cost is reduced, and the operation is simple and easy, and the obtained cutting seedlings grow robustly.

The object of the invention is a propagation method for improving the rooting rate of eucalyptus cuttings and the utilization rate of fronds.

The technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A propagation method for improving the rooting rate of eucalyptus cuttings and the utilization rate of panicles, comprising the following steps:

1) In April, June or October every year, cut healthy 20-30 cm long eucalyptus spikes of the year, cut off the 2-3 cm high lignified part at the base and 2-3 axillary buds at the top Cut the remaining spikes into 2-3 cm long cuttings containing 1-2 axillary buds, keep 1-2 leaves, and cut off 1/2-2/3 of each leaf, and cut off 1/2-2/3 of each leaf. 5 to 8 cuttings can be obtained from each new cutting;

2) Disinfect the cuttings and clean them, then soak the base in 200-400ppm ABT solution for 1-2 hours;

3) Put the cuttings soaked in ABT into the nutrient cup filled with sterilized yellow heart soil (as shown in Figure 1);

4) The nutrition cup is cultivated in a sterilized greenhouse, sprayed with 0.8-1.0gL ^-1 carbendazim solution every 4-5 days, and cultured for 28-32 days for the cuttings to take root (Figure 2 is the rooted eucalyptus cutting Seedling);

5) Manage the rooted cuttings with fertilizer and water, and apply 5-10gL ^- 1 nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer once a week. After 2-3 months of cultivation, the cuttings will grow into rooted seedlings with a height of 20-25cm. The best branch of its growth is cut off other branches, and the rooted seedlings at this moment can be used for afforestation, and the management after afforestation is the same as conventional afforestation management.

Further, the eucalyptus cuttings described in step 1) are eucalyptus cuttings cut from 1-2 year-old ear-picking nurseries established by tissue-cultured seedlings of excellent clones of eucalyptus.

Further, the cuttings described in step 2) are sterilized with 0.8-1.2 gL ^-1 carbendazim solution for 5-8 minutes.

Further, the sterilized yellow heart soil described in step 3) is the yellow heart soil that has been sterilized with 0.8-1.0 gL ^-1 carbendazim solution one day before cutting.

Further, the sterilized greenhouse described in step 4) refers to the greenhouse sterilized with 2-5gL ^-1 potassium permanganate solution 6-8 days before cutting.

Further, the cultivation conditions in step 4) are to control the humidity at 88-92%, and the temperature at 28-32°C.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The eucalyptus cutting method of the present invention can make the rooting rate of the cuttings reach more than 98%, the survival rate is high, the cutting seedlings grow robustly, the growth and development are fast, the cost is low, the operation is simple and easy, and it is easy to popularize, which is beneficial to popularization and application in a large area.

The present invention can produce 5 to 8 cutting seedlings from one cutting, while the traditional cutting method can only produce 1 cutting seedling at most, which significantly improves the utilization rate of cuttings, and only needs a small area for mass production of seedlings. Ear picking nursery significantly reduces production costs and improves economic benefits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the eucalyptus cutting that cuts in the yellow heart soil;

Figure 2 shows the rooted eucalyptus cutting seedlings cultured by cuttings.

Detailed ways

Example 1

1) In April, June or October of each year, from the 1-2 year-old ear-picking nursery established by tissue-cultured seedlings of fine eucalyptus clones, cut healthy new-year-old spikes that are 20-30 cm long and cut Remove the more lignified part at the base (about 2-3 cm) and the tender part at the top (about 2-3 axillary buds), and cut the remaining spikes into cuttings with a length of 2-3 cm (including 1-2 axillary buds) cuttings, keep 1-2 leaves, cut off 1/2-2/3 of each leaf, and usually 5-8 cuttings can be obtained for each new cutting by this method;

2) Disinfect the cuttings with 0.8-1.0gL ^-1 carbendazim solution for 5-8 minutes, clean them, and then treat the base of the cuttings with 200-400ppm ABT for 1-2 hours;

3) Disinfect the cutting greenhouse with 2-5gL ^-1 potassium permanganate solution one week before cutting, and then use 0.8-1.0gL ^- 1 carbendazim solution on the day before cutting to disinfect the pre-installed nutrition cup (diameter about 8cm) of the cutting matrix yellow heart soil for disinfection, and the cuttings treated with ABT in 2) are inserted into the yellow heart soil to make the cuttings stable;

4) The cuttings are cultivated in a greenhouse, pay attention to water and temperature management, control the humidity at about 90%, and the temperature at about 30°C, spray 0.8-1.0gL ^-1 carbendazim solution every 4-5 days, and cultivate for 30 days. It takes about a day to take root;

5) Fertilizer and water management should be strengthened to promote the growth of seedlings after rooting cuttings, and 5-10gL ^- 1 compound fertilizer (the mass percentage of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is more than 45%) should be sprayed once a week, and cultivated for 2-3 months. It can grow into rooted seedlings with a height of about 20 cm. Keep the best-growing branch and cut off other branches. The rooted seedlings at this time can be used for afforestation. The management after afforestation is the same as conventional afforestation management.

The cuttings cultivated for 2 months in embodiment 1 are carried out the statistics of rooting rate and utilization rate of earbuds, and are compared with the rooting rate and utilization rate of cornucopia obtained by traditional cutting methods, as shown in table 1, wherein the traditional cutting methods are shown in "Technology of Eucalyptus Cutting Seedlings, Research Journal of Jiangxi Agricultural Sciences, 2011, 23(8): 59-60".

Table 1 The comparison between the survival rate of eucalyptus obtained by the method of the present invention and the traditional cutting method and the utilization rate of corncobs

Note: The utilization rate of cuttings refers to the average number of cuttings obtained from each cutting.

From the statistical data in Table 1, it can be known that the utilization rate of corn sticks of the inventive method is about 5 times that of the traditional cutting method, and the survival rate is also obviously better than the traditional cutting method.

Claims (6)

1. improve a propagation method for eucalyptus cutting plantation and Miho bar availability, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:

1) in annual April, June or October, the eucalyptus fringe bar of length 20 ~ 30 cm newborn then of clip health, cut off the higher part of base portion 2 ~ 3cm lignification and the top tender part of children containing 2 ~ 3 axillalry buds, remaining fringe bar is cut into the long cutting containing 1 ~ 2 axillalry bud of 2 ~ 3 cm, retain 1 ~ 2 leaf, and every sheet leaf cuts off 1/2 ~ 2/3, the newborn fringe bar of every bar can obtain 5 ~ 8 cuttings;

2) clean up after cutting being sterilized, then its base portion ABT solution of 200 ~ 400ppm is soaked 1 ~ 2 h;

3) by the cutting cuttage of soaking through ABT in the nutrition cup of yellow soil that sterilization is housed;

4) nutrition cup is positioned at the cultivation of sterile booth, every spray in 4 ~ 5 days 0.8 ~ 1.0gL ^-1carbendazim solution, cultivate 28 ~ 32 angel's rooting of cuttings;

5) rich water quality management is carried out in the cutting after taking root, drench weekly and execute 5 ~ 10gL ^-1nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 1 time, cultivate cutting after 2 ~ 3 months and grow up to the seedling of taking root of high 20 ~ 25cm, retain a lopwood bar of its growing way the best, cut off other branches, namely seedling of taking root now can be used for afforestation, and the management after afforestation is with conventional afforestation management.

2. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly improve eucalyptus cutting plantation Ji the propagation method of Miho bar availability, it is characterized in that: the eucalyptus fringe bar described in step 1) is the eucalyptus fringe bar of clip from 1 ~ 2 year raw cutting orchard that eucalyptus choiceness plantlet in vitro is set up.

3. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly improve eucalyptus cutting plantation Ji the propagation method of Miho bar availability, it is characterized in that: step 2) described in cutting sterilization for 0.8 ~ 1.2gL ^-1carbendazim solution sterilization 5 ~ 8min.

4. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly improve eucalyptus cutting plantation Ji the propagation method of Miho bar availability, it is characterized in that: the yellow soil of the sterilization described in step 3) is cuttage the previous day with 0.8 ~ 1.0gL ^-1carbendazim solution to sterile yellow soil.

5. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly improve eucalyptus cutting plantation Ji the propagation method of Miho bar availability, it is characterized in that: the sterile booth described in step 4) to refer to before cuttage 6 ~ 8 days with 2 ~ 5gL ^-1the sterile booth of liquor potassic permanganate.

6. according to claim 1ly a kind ofly improve eucalyptus cutting plantation Ji the propagation method of Miho bar availability, it is characterized in that: the condition of the cultivation described in step 4) be controlled humidity 88 ~ 92%, temperature is at 28 ~ 32 DEG C.