CN104885859B - The method for culturing seedlings of thornbuss - Google Patents
The method for culturing seedlings of thornbuss Download PDFInfo
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- CN104885859B CN104885859B CN201510332436.5A CN201510332436A CN104885859B CN 104885859 B CN104885859 B CN 104885859B CN 201510332436 A CN201510332436 A CN 201510332436A CN 104885859 B CN104885859 B CN 104885859B
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- thornbuss
- seedling
- centimetres
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- grafting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
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- Botany (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thornbuss, it is related to planting fruit trees technical field, comprises the following steps：A. take first thornbuss seedling of at least five kinds of kinds identical in same grown on soil, the geographic climate of plantation；B. after the seedling plantation grows up to first thornbuss in 1 ~ 3 year, start to plant second batch thornbuss seedling；C. when the second batch thornbuss seedling grows to 20 ~ 40 centimetres of height, the hawthorn sapling is exposed to 10 ~ 15 centimetres more than soil of branch and leaf removes；D. when the height of the second batch thornbuss seedling grows to 50 ~ 60 centimetres, footpath starts grafting, the method that grafting uses simple bud cut-grafting when being slightly 0.6 ~ 1.0 centimetre.Compared with prior art, the present invention can improve the survival rate of thornbuss nursery.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting fruit trees technical field, especially a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thornbuss.
Background technology
The traditional seedling raising method of thornbuss is by Hawthorn Seeds nursery, then carries out implanting and cultivating；In recent years also occur one
The method for culturing seedlings of a little grafting plantation thornbusses, mostly use and be grafted onto on thornbuss with other tree trunks, branch, or use
Thornbuss trunk, branch are grafted onto with thornbuss sheet, the hawthorn sapling harvest Fructus Crataegi that this grafting seedlings-growing method obtains
Time is very fast, but survival rate is relatively low after having the drawback that hawthorn sapling grafting.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thornbuss, and it can solve hawthorn sapling
The problem of survival rate is low after grafting.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：The method for culturing seedlings of this thornbuss, including with
Lower step：
A. the seedling of first thornbuss of at least five kind is taken to be planted on a piece of land, implantation time is 1 ~ March
Part, the thick footpath of the seedling of first thornbuss of selection is for 0.1 ~ 0.4 centimetre or highly 10 ~ 15 centimetres；
B., will first described thornbuss when the seedling of first thornbuss grows to 20 ~ 40 centimetres of height
Seedling expose more than soil 10 ~ 15 centimetres of branch and leaf removes；
C. after the seedling plantation of first thornbuss grows up to first thornbuss in 1 year, start to plant second batch mountain
The seedling of short, bristly hair or beard tree, the implantation time of the seedling of the second batch thornbuss is 1 ~ March, the second batch thornbuss of selection
It is 0.1 ~ 0.4 centimetre that the footpath of seedling is thick or height is 10 ~ 15 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 1 ~ 2 meter, 1 ~ 2 meter of line-spacing；
D. when the height of the seedling of the second batch thornbuss grows to 50 ~ 60 centimetres or footpath is slightly 0.6 ~ 1.0 centimetre
Start grafting, be the step of the grafting：
1) selects full healthy and strong simple bud at the top of first thornbuss, by branch where the simple bud by tip one end away from
The centimeters of bud point 2.1 ~ 2.5 are splayed a knife with bite, obtain the otch at grafting end, and the otch is in 45 degree of oblique section；From bud
The reverse side or the centimeters of lateral distance bud point 0.4 ~ 0.5 of point prune side epidermis, are deep between cortex and xylem, finally in branch
The bar other end is splayed a knife away from the centimeters of bud point 0.4 ~ 0.5, and the simple bud of the lopping bar of band one obtained after cut-out is as scion；
2) prunes a segment table skin in the second batch thornbuss seedling trunk side, and depth just reaches xylem, and cuts
Side grain, stock otch is obtained, the stock otch and the otch at bud point grafting end coincide, upward 0.1 ~ 0.2 centimetre in section
Place splays a knife, prunes stock top；
3) in scion insertion stock otch, the forming layer of scion forming layer and stock is aligned with each other, makes the base portion of scion
It is adjacent to stock otch；
4) often encloses to be connected from bottom to top with film band from the bottom of grafting part carries out colligation.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, more specifically technical scheme can also be：Full healthy and strong simple bud is described in step D
Screening obtains in first thornbuss.
Further：The weather conditions of a piece of land in step A are average annual 1200 ~ 1500 millimeters of rainfalls, annual
Sunshine amount is 1400 ~ 1600 hours, 20 ~ 25 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year.
Further：A length of 10 ~ 20 centimetres of the plantation hole dug when planting hawthorn sapling in step A and step C, a width of 10
~ 20 centimetres, depth is 5 ~ 10 centimetres.
By adopting the above-described technical solution, the present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
1st, the seedling of first thornbuss of at least five kinds of kinds is first planted, after 1 ~ 3 year, selects first thornbuss
Engrafting method of the full healthy and strong simple bud as cut-grafting, using the growing way that top simple bud is vigorous, can improve mountain at the top of seedling
The survival rate of seedling of short, bristly hair or beard tree.
2nd, the unnecessary branch and leaf of the seedling of first thornbuss are removed, rest bud branch at the top of point concentrated supply,
Be advantageous to the sturdy growth of bud at the top of hawthorn sapling, surviving for hawthorn sapling can be improved with the top bud grafting of sturdy growth
Rate.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described：
Embodiment 1：
The method for culturing seedlings of this thornbuss, comprises the following steps：
A. the seedling of first thornbuss of at least five kind is taken to be planted on a piece of land, the time of plantation is January
Part, the thick footpath of the seedling of first thornbuss of selection is for 0.1 ~ 0.25 centimetre or highly 10 ~ 12 centimetres, and cultivated area is
1 ~ 2 mu, every mu is planted 40 plants, and every kind of every mu of kind at least plants 5 plants, and the weather conditions in this block soil are geographical position between north
109 ° 28 ' to 110 ° 12 ' 24 ° 14 ' to 24 ° 50 ' of latitude, east longitude place, average annual 1200 ~ 1500 millimeters of rainfall, annual sunshine amount
For 1400 ~ 1600 hours, 20 ~ 25 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year；
B. when the seedling of first thornbuss grows to 20 ~ 30 centimetres of height, by the seedling of first thornbuss
Expose 10 centimetres more than soil of branch and leaf removes；Bud branch at the top of point concentrated supply is rested, is advantageous to first hawthorn
The sturdy growth of bud branch at the top of the seedling of tree；
C. after the seedling plantation of first thornbuss grows up to first thornbuss in 1 year, start to plant second batch mountain
The seedling of short, bristly hair or beard tree, the implantation time of the seedling of the second batch thornbuss is January, digs plantation hole plantation, plantation hole
A length of 10 centimetres, a width of 10 centimetres, depth is 5 centimetres, and the footpath of the seedling of the second batch thornbuss of selection is thick for 0.1 ~ 0.25 li
Rice or height are 10 ~ 12 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 1 meter, 1 meter of line-spacing；The seedling of second batch thornbuss is planted for high-volume, growing surface
Cultivated area of the product more than the seedling of first thornbuss；
D. when the height of the seedling of the second batch thornbuss grows to 50 ~ 55 centimetres or footpath is slightly 0.6 ~ 0.8 centimetre
Start grafting, be the step of grafting：
1) selects full healthy and strong simple bud at the top of first thornbuss, by branch where the simple bud by tip one end away from
The centimeters of bud point 2.1 are splayed a knife with bite, obtain the otch at grafting end, and the otch is in 45 degree of oblique section；From bud point
Reverse side or the centimeters of lateral distance bud point 0.4 prune side epidermis, are deep between cortex and xylem, finally in the branch other end
Splayed a knife away from the centimeters of bud point 0.4, the simple bud of the lopping bar of band one obtained after cut-out is as scion；
2) prunes a segment table skin in the seedling trunk side of second batch thornbuss, and depth just reaches xylem, and scabbles
Section, stock otch is obtained, the stock otch and the otch at bud point grafting end coincide, and upward 0.1 centimeters splay one in section
Knife, prune stock top；
3) in scion insertion stock otch, the forming layer of scion forming layer and stock is aligned with each other, makes the base portion of scion
It is adjacent to stock otch；
4) often encloses to be connected from bottom to top with film band from the bottom of grafting part carries out colligation, and the material of binding is used
0.008 millimeter of white mulch film.
The seedling for planting first thornbuss is planted for small area, and the seedling of plantation second batch thornbuss is large area
Plantation, the soil of plantation are the mountain ridge of 100 ~ 300 meters of height above sea level, and soil is fertile loose, in the reality of second batch thornbuss during grafting
The original place grafting that raw seed is planted, avoid increasing the mobile number of seedling, influence the survival rate of the seedling of thornbuss.
Embodiment 2：
The method for culturing seedlings of this thornbuss, comprises the following steps：
A. the seedling of first thornbuss of at least five kind is taken to be planted on a piece of land, the time of plantation is March
Part, the thick footpath of the seedling of first thornbuss of selection is for 0.25 ~ 0.4 centimetre or highly 12 ~ 15 centimetres, and cultivated area is
1 ~ 2 mu, every mu is planted 40 plants, and every kind of every mu of kind at least plants 5 plants, and the weather conditions in this block soil are geographical position between north
109 ° 28 ' to 110 ° 12 ' 24 ° 14 ' to 24 ° 50 ' of latitude, east longitude place, average annual 1200 ~ 1500 millimeters of rainfall, annual sunshine amount
For 1400 ~ 1600 hours, 20 ~ 25 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year；The weather conditions in this block soil are geographical position between 24 ° 14 ' of north latitude
To 24 ° 50 ', 109 ° 28 ' to 110 ° 12 ' of east longitude place, average annual 1200 ~ 1500 millimeters of rainfall, annual sunshine amount is 1400 ~
1600 hours, 20 ~ 25 DEG C of average temperature of the whole year, a length of 20 centimetres of the plantation hole dug during the seedling for planting first thornbuss,
A width of 20 centimetres, depth is 10 centimetres；
B. when the seedling of first thornbuss grows to 30 ~ 40 centimetres of height, by the reality of first thornbuss
Raw seedling exposes 15 centimetres of branch and leaf removal more than soil；Bud branch at the top of point concentrated supply is rested, is advantageous to first
The sturdy growth of bud branch at the top of the seedling of thornbuss；
C. after the seedling plantation of first thornbuss grows up to first thornbuss in 2 years, start to plant second batch thornbuss
Seedling, the implantation time of the seedling of second batch thornbuss is March, dig plantation hole plantation, a length of 20 lis of plantation hole
Rice, a width of 20 centimetres, depth is 10 centimetres, and the footpath of the seedling of the second batch thornbuss of selection is thick for 0.25 ~ 0.4 centimetre or highly
For 12 ~ 15 centimetres, spacing in the rows is 2 meters, 2 meters of line-spacing；The seedling of second batch thornbuss is planted for high-volume, and cultivated area is more than the
The cultivated area of the seedling of a collection of thornbuss；
D. when the height of the seedling of second batch thornbuss grows to 55 ~ 60 centimetres, footpath starts to transfer when being slightly 0.8 ~ 1.0 centimetre
Connect, be the step of grafting：
1) selects full healthy and strong simple bud at the top of first thornbuss, by branch where the simple bud by tip one end away from
The centimeters of bud point 2.5 are splayed a knife with bite, obtain the otch at grafting end, and the otch is in 45 degree of oblique section；From bud point
Reverse side or the centimeters of lateral distance bud point 0.5 prune side epidermis, are deep between cortex and xylem, finally in the branch other end
Splayed a knife away from the centimeters of bud point 0.5, the simple bud of the lopping bar of band one obtained after cut-out is as scion；
2) prunes a segment table skin in the trunk side of the seedling of second batch thornbuss, and depth just reaches xylem, and cuts
Side grain, stock otch is obtained, the stock otch and the otch at bud point grafting end coincide, and upward 0.2 centimeters are oblique in section
A knife is cut, prunes stock top；
3) in scion insertion stock otch, the forming layer of scion forming layer and stock is aligned with each other, makes the base portion of scion
It is adjacent to stock otch；
4) often encloses to be connected from bottom to top with film band from the bottom of grafting part carries out colligation, and the material of binding is used
0.008 millimeter of white mulch film.
The seedling for planting first thornbuss is planted for small area, and the seedling of plantation second batch thornbuss is large area
Plantation, the soil of plantation are the mountain ridge of 100 ~ 300 meters of height above sea level, and soil is fertile loose, in the reality of second batch thornbuss during grafting
The original place grafting that raw seed is planted, avoid increasing the mobile number of the seedling of thornbuss, the seedling for influenceing thornbuss survives
Rate.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of method for culturing seedlings of thornbuss, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
A. the seedling of first thornbuss of at least five kind is taken to be planted on a piece of land, implantation time is 1~March,
The footpath of the seedling of first thornbuss of selection thick is for 0.1~0.4 centimetre or highly 10~15 centimetres；
B. when the seedling of first thornbuss grows to 20~40 centimetres of height, by first thornbuss
Seedling exposes 10~15 centimetres of branch and leaf removal more than soil；
C. after the seedling plantation of first thornbuss grows up to first thornbuss in 1 year, start to plant second batch thornbuss
Seedling, the implantation time of the seedling of the second batch thornbuss is 1~March, the reality of the second batch thornbuss of selection
The footpath of raw seedling is slightly 0.1~0.4 centimetre or is highly 10~15 centimetres, and spacing in the rows is 1~2 meter, 1~2 meter of line-spacing；
D. opened when the height of the seedling of the second batch thornbuss grows to 50~60 centimetres or footpath is slightly 0.6~1.0 centimetre
Beginning grafting, it is the step of the grafting：
1) selects full healthy and strong simple bud at the top of first thornbuss, and branch where the simple bud is leaned on into one end of tip away from bud point
2.1~2.5 centimeters are splayed a knife with bite, obtain the otch at grafting end, and the otch is in 45 degree of oblique section；From bud point
Reverse side or the centimeters of lateral distance bud point 0.4~0.5 prune side epidermis, are deep between cortex and xylem, finally in branch
The other end is splayed a knife away from the centimeters of bud point 0.4~0.5, and the simple bud of the lopping bar of band one obtained after cut-out is as scion；
2) prunes a segment table skin in the second batch thornbuss seedling trunk side, and depth just reaches xylem, and scabbles and cut
Face, stock otch is obtained, the stock otch and the otch at bud point grafting end coincide, and upward 0.1~0.2 centimeters are oblique in section
A knife is cut, prunes stock top；
3) in scion insertion stock otch, the forming layer of scion forming layer and stock is aligned with each other, makes the base portion and anvil of scion
Wooden otch is adjacent to；
4) often encloses to be connected from bottom to top with film band from the bottom of grafting part carries out colligation.
2. the method for culturing seedlings of thornbuss according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The weather of a piece of land in step A
Condition is average annual 1200~1500 millimeters of rainfall, and annual sunshine amount is 1400~1600 hours, average temperature of the whole year 20~25
℃。
3. the method for culturing seedlings of thornbuss according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：Mountain is planted in step A and step C
A length of 10~20 centimetres of the plantation hole dug during the seedling of short, bristly hair or beard tree, a width of 10~20 centimetres, depth is 5~10 centimetres.
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106613368A (en) * | 2016-11-18 | 2017-05-10 | 安徽禾泉农庄生态农业有限公司 | Pear grafting and planting method |
| CN110050598B (en) * | 2019-05-13 | 2021-09-07 | 广西壮族自治区林业科学研究院 | Seedling growing method for improving grafting survival rate of Phoebe bournei |
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