CN102067789A

CN102067789A - Multi-lateral root fruit tree bridging technology

Info

Publication number: CN102067789A
Application number: CN2009101754556A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 赵峰; 赵永铭
Original assignee: SHANXI JIULONGWAN AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Current assignee: SHANXI JIULONGWAN AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT Co Ltd
Priority date: 2009-11-23
Filing date: 2009-11-23
Publication date: 2011-05-25

Abstract

The invention discloses multi-lateral root fruit tree bridging technology, which is a method for performing single-head bridging on a one-year high-quality seedling of a pyrus betulaefolia rootstock which is transplanted successfully on a plurality of sides, 50 to 70 centimeters away from the ground surface, of a fruit tree trunk when a fruit tree is in a growing season. By bridging the fruit tree by the method, the rootstock and the high-quality seedling have no impedance response basically; the root is supplied with sufficient nutrition so that the fruit tree obtains increased nutrients; therefore, harvest rate and fruit quality are improved; and the disease resistance of the fruit tree is improved and a survival period is prolonged.

Description

A kind of many lateral roots fruit tree bridging technology

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of bridging method, particularly can improve the bridging method of fruit tree quality, specific description designs a kind of many " lateral root " bridging method.

Background technology

The cultivation of fruit tree kind bridge joint is one and improves the fruit tree quality, increases the effective measures of output of the fruit tree.This invention mainly is to utilize the heterogeneity of different " lateral root " to strengthen and improve resistance and the quality of main tree, carry out with good kind root system scion that root system is auxiliary grows seedlings, be similar to fruit tree and increased many " woven hoses ", by this method to improve the opposing of fruit tree to disease, strengthen the absorption characteristic of root system, improvement fruit tree quality, the bridge joint of fruit tree generally all adopts a stock and scion to carry out bridge joint at present, still exist resistance poor, yield poorly, the shortcoming that quality is low, and this method is easy and simple to handle, the setting ratio height, remarkable to the fruit tree reinforced effects.

Summary of the invention

One planting fruit-trees many " lateral root " bridging method, so-called many " lateral root " bridge joint, be exactly main give birth to branches of fruit trees apart from the face of land 50～70 centimeters, the branch of giving birth to the birch-leaf pear root, phloem with it on hypodermal layer couple together, thereby strengthen the function that cortex transports nutrient.The nutriment that root is absorbed is transported under the situation of going in blade and other organs, according to the different absorption characteristics of " lateral root " plant, can make main living fruit tree obtain abundant nutrient and more healthy and strong.By the method for bridge joint, " lateral root " of bridge joint is fixed on the tree body as " woven hose ", and described bridging method may further comprise the steps.

One, " lateral root " seedling is cultivated

1. seed treatment: " lateral root " wooden seed must carry out lamination storage in 50～60 days at low temperatures in wet sand, generally at the beginning of 1 the end of month to 2 month, evenly mixes with 4～5 parts of clean river sands by 1 part of seed, and husky humidity is agglomerating to hold, openhanded promptly diffusing being advisable.Seed and sand are packed in the earthen basin, and plastics membrane cover mouth places in the cellar and deposits, when seed has the sowing when showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally of sprouting more than 70%.

2. the selection on ground, " lateral root " wooden garden: selects leewardly to face south, sunshine is good, the stock garden is not done in ponding, soil layer loam or sandy loam location deep, fertile soil.The garden irrigation condition will be arranged, every square metre execute farmyard manure 7.5 kilogram in conjunction with deep ploughing autumn.

3. sowing: ground temperature rises to more than 10 ℃ and can sow after the beginning of spring.Adopt bar to do the ridge for 45 centimetres by line-spacing sowing time, execute 20 kilograms in urea, 50 kilograms of superphosphate for every mu, but also duplicate rows ribbon sowing.Broadcast the back earthing, cover fine sand or mulch film again, to increase soil temperature, keep humidity, bud is progressively removed mulch film after being unearthed.

4. seedling management: thinning and transplanting during slice true leaf of seedling length to 4～5, about 10 centimetres of spacing in the rows, weeding in 5～July 3 times imposes quick-acting fertilizer 2 times.Before the fall foliage,, promote " lateral root " growth, note the leaf portion extermination of disease and insect pest simultaneously with spade declinate cutting main root.

5. lifting: it is soft to irritate 1 the permeable soil that makes preceding 1 week of lifting earlier, must do 30 centimeters at the distance seedling during lifting and cut off " lateral root ", dig big cave as far as possible, saves root system from damage, and limb and Gen Pi are sure not damage.

6. packed and transported: living high-quality seedling required 120 centimetres of overground part heights of seedling in 1 year, had " lateral root " more than 5, and every long more than 20 centimetres, and more fibrous root is arranged.Classification immediately and packing are handled behind the lifting, prevent air-dry dehydration, will in time transport planting-site to after packaging and plant.

Two, bridge joint period

Generally main tree bud sprout preceding or begin to sprout and when not opening up leaf or the season of growth all can carry out.If the temperature height should carry out sooner or later.

Three, bridging method

Planting of " lateral root ", " lateral root " are planted and are located around 50～70 centimetres apart from the face of land in main tree, and many " lateral root " symmetry is planted.

Utilize " lateral root " germinating branch to carry out the single head bridge joint, during bridge joint the scion two ends are whittled into the wedge shape tangent plane, length is about 2cm, then cut a horizontal cutter at main tree smooth place, relevant position, reach xylem deeply, from then on a edge of a knife perpendicular cutter of upwards cutting 3～4cm reaches xylem deeply again, and below otch intersection triangle cortex of excision, purpose is to dwindle the angle of scion and tree body.The bar that connects that to cut then inserts in the otch, uses little wooden peg fixed interface simultaneously.As two bridge joint, need use the same method and carry out, but cut-out direction is opposite.Last interface colligation is firm.How the interface moistening effect directly has influence on the survival rate of bridge joint.When the fixing back of interface (nail tingle), at first will go up lower interface and obturage and pad, and then with the plastic tape colligation of good springiness, with maintenance interface moisture state, moistening effect is good like this with plastic film or food bag, generally the bridge joint survival rate is all more than 70%.At this moment branch is sent out in also easy rudiment on the bridge joint branch, should in time erase.Should strengthen fertilizer, water management around here, to improve survival rate and to recover " lateral root " root gesture rapidly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 for anvil tree from the face of land 50～70 centimeters open a dark otch that reaches xylem.

Lateral root branch after Fig. 2 will transplant is cut the bevel of long 2 centimeter length.

Fig. 3 is the as a result figure of bridge joint after finishing.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and pear tree " bilateral root " bridge joint specific embodiment the inventive method is specified:

Pear tree " bilateral root " bridge joint example:

(1). at first sow wild pear wood and birch-leaf pear sleeper seed, cultivate and choose the high-quality seedling after 1 year.

(2). at the movable animated period of resin, carry out bridge joint when bark is peeled off easily, annual 4-8 is monthly to carry out.

(3). with reference to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, with the annual wild pears of the high-quality that cultivates and birch-leaf pear nursery stock respectively symmetry plant in the crisp pears root 30-50cm of main tree place, after planting, cutting a length at the lateral root branch with scraper is the bevel of 2cm, correspondence position on main tree is cut " fourth " notched cut, reach xylem deeply, with pocket knife the bark of " fourth " notched cut is pried open then, the bevel of branch below the wound is broadcast in " fourth " notched cut, make the xylem below bevel and the otch sturdy, and with the little wooden peg of about 2 to 3 centimetres length bevel is pegged, use plastic foil and plastic tape with otch Bao Yan then, tie.

(4). can heal in 2 months behind the general bridge joint, and supply nutrient and moisture by the bridge joint branch to the wound top, at this moment branch is sent out in also easy rudiment on the bridge joint branch, should in time erase.Should strengthen fertilizer, water management around here, to improve survival rate and to recover tree vigo(u)r rapidly.

Claims

1. the bridging technology of lateral root fruit tree more than a kind is characterized in that needs cultivation and the good high quality seedling of fruit tree affinity, and concrete grammar comprises a complete set of technology of selection, sowing, seedling management, lifting and the packed and transported on seed treatment, ground, " lateral root " wooden garden.

2. according to claims 1 described bridging technology, it is characterized in that bridging time generally need be chosen in main tree bud sprout preceding or begin to sprout and when not opening up leaf or the season of growth carry out, if the temperature height should carry out sooner or later; Scion is with using with adopting, and removes first portion then.

3. according to claims 1 described bridging technology, it is characterized in that anvil tree apart from the face of land 50～70 centimeters choose both sides or many sides transverse opening to xylem, from then on a edge of a knife perpendicular cutter of upwards cutting 3～4cm reaches xylem deeply again, and below otch intersection, excise a triangle cortex, purpose is to dwindle scion and the angle of setting body; Cut the bevel of long 2 centimeter length with transplanting successful high quality seedling, the bar that connects that to cut then inserts in the otch, uses little wooden peg fixed interface simultaneously, fixes interface with plastic foil and plastic tape then, after 2 months, remove plastic foil and plastic tape under the well healed,nonsymptomatic situation of interface.

4. according to claims 1 described bridging technology, it is characterized in that many sides of fruit tree are carried out bridge joint, and the nursery stock of selecting for use is 1 year high-quality birchleaf pear rootstock.