CN106069222A - The tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting and engrafting method - Google Patents

The tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting and engrafting method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106069222A
CN106069222A CN201610606381.7A CN201610606381A CN106069222A CN 106069222 A CN106069222 A CN 106069222A CN 201610606381 A CN201610606381 A CN 201610606381A CN 106069222 A CN106069222 A CN 106069222A
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grafting
plane
stock
fringe bar
multilamellar
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Inventor
斯迪克·亚森
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Hetian Harvest Agricultural Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
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Hetian Harvest Agricultural Science And Technology Development Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610606381.7A priority Critical patent/CN106069222A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G2/00Vegetative propagation
    • A01G2/30Grafting

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Botany (AREA)
  • Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to the tree body of a kind of grafting, particularly to the tree body of multilamellar grafting and the engrafting method of the good harvest of a kind of next year of grafting then.At present, walnut grafting is exactly a traditional engrafting method, and these engrafting method survival rate ratios are relatively low, and grafting wound healing is more difficult, and comparison of passing the winter is difficult, it is impossible to produce economic benefit in time.The present invention includes stock and the grafting multilamellar fringe bar on stock, at described every layer of stock grafting, bark strip off is formed grafting vertical slot;Described fringe bar lower half is whittled into long inclined-plane, and long inclined-plane, fringe bar lower end is short inclined-plane behind, and the Lao Pi that prunes behind from upper end, short inclined-plane and long inclined-plane forms vertical plane;Described stock grafting vertical slot is inserted into the long inclined-plane of fringe bar, short inclined-plane and vertical plane.The present invention provides a kind of grafting operation simple, convenient, and stock is injured gently, multilamellar grafting, increases setting fruit position.Healing easily, survival rate tall and big 90% with, dust storm is not easy to blow down, and 100% can pass the winter safely, after grafting result early, yield high.

Description

The tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting and engrafting method
Technical field
The present invention relates to the tree body of a kind of grafting, particularly to the tree body of the multilamellar grafting of good harvest of a kind of next year of grafting then And engrafting method.
Background technology
At present, walnut grafting is exactly by the bud of improved seeds or branch, transposing to another robust growth and to working as On the ground higher walnut of natural conditions adaptability, most cleft graftings, cut-grafting, cramp joint, soil is used traditional engrafting method such as to connect, and Grafting is at stock head, and these engrafting method survival rate ratios are relatively low, and grafting is complicated, and stock is badly wounded, the required grafting of waste Cortex is more, and graft union area is less, and grafting wound healing is more difficult, and dust storm easily blows down, and managing after grafting is unreasonable, mistake Winter is more difficult, and the next year fruiting rate of grafting then is the highest, treats that a few Nian Houcai enters the good harvest phase, it is impossible to produce economic benefit in time.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to overcome above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art to provide a kind of simple, convenient, stock is injured gently, Multilamellar grafting, graft union area is relatively big, does not waste required grafting cortex, easily heals at grafting, and survival rate tall and big 90% is with, fringe It is considerably less and bigger with stock contact portion and relatively thick that bar eliminates part, and dust storm is not easy to blow down, and managing after grafting compares conjunction Reason, 100% can pass the winter safely, and the next year of grafting then enters the good harvest phase, can produce economic benefit in time.
The technical scheme is that
The tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting, the multilamellar fringe bar on stock including stock and grafting, described stock structure is at anvil Wood upper end is sawed-off, at the grafting of every layer of stock, bark strip off is formed grafting vertical slot;Cut at described fringe bar lower half 5-15cm Becoming degree of depth xylem 1-2mm, the long inclined-plane of gradient 3-5 °, long inclined-plane, fringe bar lower end be behind short inclined-plane, from upper end, short inclined-plane and The long inclined-plane Lao Pi that prunes behind forms vertical plane, and vertical plane exposes green phloem.
Described stock grafting vertical slot is inserted into the long inclined-plane of fringe bar, short inclined-plane and vertical plane, and fringe bar long inclined-plane xylem is corresponding Stock grafting vertical slot xylem, two edges, fringe bar long inclined-plane skin clipping edge is close to stock vertical slot two edges skin clipping edge and is formed long limit of healing Edge, stock strip off cortex surrounds the short inclined-plane of fringe bar and vertical plane, and stock strip off cortex two edges skin clipping edge is close to the short inclined-plane of fringe bar two Edge skin clipping edge forms healing short edge, and stock strip off cortex inner face forms, with fringe bar vertical plane, big face of healing.
Being set to first graft layer at stock head, down arrange two or more graft layer, each graft layer can be transferred Connect symmetrical two fringe bars, multiple fringe bars that when stock is thicker, each graft layer displays around stock circumference grafting annular, upper and lower It is staggered between graft layer.
The engrafting method of the tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting: include gathering scion, the process of fringe bar, stock process, grafting, colligation Process, managing after grafting, concretely comprise the following steps:
1. gather scion: annual February 10 to the local weather lowest temperature on February 25 0 DEG C to the highest temperature 10 DEG C between gather The annual healthy scion with full bud that safety is passed the winter, for making scion reduce the evaporation of moisture, it is ensured that scion is from being grafted onto Survive the vitality of a period of time, use scion of sealing with wax, to be placed on storage in ice cell after waxing in time or at the low temperature of 0-2 DEG C Preserve under the conditions of moisturizing;
First industrial paraffin is placed on when sealing with wax heating and melting in deeper container, treats that 95 DEG C of-102 DEG C of scion of wax temperature are rapidly at wax liquid In dip in (time within 1 second, generally 0.1 second), it is desirable to do not stay the space not dipping in wax in scion, notice that wax temperature is not Too low or too high, too low then wax thickness, easy to fall off, too high, easily scald scion, scion of sealing with wax to regather storage after cooling completely completely Deposit;
2. fringe bar processes: 25-May 10 March, the local weather lowest temperature 10 DEG C was to grafting between the highest temperature 25 DEG C, scion Carrying out cutting cutting by length required during grafting and be made fringe bar, general cuttings length is 10-25 centimetre, retains 2-5 bud, and top has Full bud, what fringe bar was the thickest should be a little longer, and thin is unsuitable long.It is whittled into degree of depth xylem at described fringe bar lower half 5-15cm The long inclined-plane of 1-2mm, gradient 3-5 °, long inclined-plane, fringe bar lower end is whittled into short inclined-plane behind, cuts behind with long inclined-plane from upper end, short inclined-plane Going Lao Pi to form vertical plane, vertical plane exposes green phloem;
3. stock processes: on stock, seam is sawed-off, scabbles section, is then used grafting knife by every layer of stock grafting bark Drawing two cuttves, strip off bark forms grafting vertical slot;
4. grafting: 2. walk the fringe article handled well by and be inserted in and 3. walk in the stock grafting vertical slot handled well, the long inclined-plane of fringe bar Xylem correspondence stock grafting vertical slot xylem, two edges, fringe bar long inclined-plane skin clipping edge is close to stock vertical slot two edges skin clipping edge shape Becoming the long edge that heals, stock strip off cortex surrounds the short inclined-plane of fringe bar and vertical plane, and stock strip off cortex two edges skin clipping edge is close to fringe Two edges, bar short inclined-plane skin clipping edge forms healing short edge, and stock strip off cortex inner face forms, with fringe bar vertical plane, big face of healing;
Being set to first graft layer at stock head, down arrange two or more graft layer, each graft layer can grafting pair Claim two fringe bars, multiple fringe bars that when stock is thicker, each graft layer displays around stock circumference grafting annular, upper and lower grafting Being staggered between Ceng, tree crown is more vigorous, can keep setting body and balance up and down;
For guaranteeing the survival rate of more than 90%, during grafting, select the timely grafting of fringe bar that nature bud bottom natural pastiness is sprouted soon;Bud Bottom does not has the fringe bar of nature pastiness first to soak 50-70 minute with in the solution of root-growing agent allotment, allows pastiness bottom bud prepare to sprout Grafting time dynamic;
5. colligation processes: first binds at the grafting of stock and fringe bar by plastic ties, is fixed on stock by fringe bar;Then with moulding Material strip from lower to upper by stock and fringe bar grafting and all parts of fringe bar all tie up, budder place's colligation together, simultaneously with moulding Material strip covers stock and breaks cross section and other otch, owing to the place of buddering only has one plastic tape, budders and can go out band voluntarily;
6. managing after grafting: fringe bar survives germination and develops into major branch, and when major branch grows up to 20-25 centimetre, beta pruning once allows it grow Primary branch, when primary branch grows up to 20-25 centimetre, beta pruning once allows it grow Secondary branches again, and Secondary branches grows up to 20-25 Centimetre time also want beta pruning once allow it grow tertiary branching, meanwhile, extract all young sprouts, sublateral shoot, to control its growing way, be basically completed Shaping, promotes that major branch is ripe.
In the engrafting method of above-mentioned a kind of multilamellar grafting tree body, for guaranteeing the survival rate of more than 90%, fringe bar processes, stock Process, grafting, colligation processing procedure controlled within 1 minute.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: providing a kind of grafting operation simple, convenient, stock is injured gently, and wound is less, multilamellar Grafting, increases setting fruit position., graft union area is relatively big, does not waste required grafting cortex, and at grafting, healing is easily, survival rate Tall and big 90% to eliminate part with, fringe bar considerably less and bigger with stock contact portion and relatively thick, and dust storm is not easy to blow down, grafting Rear Comparison of Management is reasonable, and 100% can pass the winter safely, after grafting result early, yield high, after general grafting, Second Year can recover even Exceed elite tree yield, within the 3rd year, tree crown can be recovered, it is thus achieved that high yield, economic benefit can be produced in time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is fringe bar of the present invention and stock grafting structural representation;
Fig. 2 is fringe bar bevel structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is structural representation at every layer of grafting of stock of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2, Figure 3 shows, the tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting, the multilamellar fringe on stock 1 including stock 1 and grafting Bar 2, described stock 1 structure is sawed-off in stock 1 upper end, bark 12 strip off formation grafting is erected at every layer of grafting of stock 1 Groove 11;The long inclined-plane 21 of degree of depth xylem 1-2mm, gradient 3-5 °, fringe bar 2 times it is whittled at described fringe bar 2 lower half 5-15cm Hold long inclined-plane 21 behind for short inclined-plane 22, Lao Pi formation vertical plane 23 of pruning behind from upper end, short inclined-plane 22 and long inclined-plane 21, vertical plane 23 expose green phloem.
Described stock 1 grafting vertical slot 11 is inserted into the long inclined-plane of fringe bar 2 21, short inclined-plane 22 and vertical plane 23, the long inclined-plane of fringe bar 2 21 xylem correspondence stock 1 grafting vertical slot 11 xylem, two edges, fringe bar 2 long inclined-plane 21 skin clipping edge is close to stock 1 vertical slot 11 liang Edge skin clipping edge forms the long edge 3 that heals, and stock 1 strip off cortex 12 surrounds the short inclined-plane of fringe bar 2 22 and vertical plane 23, stock 1 strip off Cortex 12 two edges skin clipping edge is close to two edges, fringe bar 2 short inclined-plane 22 skin clipping edge and is formed healing short edge 4, stock 1 strip off cortex 12 inner faces form, with fringe bar 2 vertical plane 23, big face 5 of healing.
The engrafting method of the tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting: include gathering scion, the process of fringe bar, stock process, grafting, colligation Process, managing after grafting, concretely comprise the following steps:
1. gather scion: annual February 10 to the local weather lowest temperature on February 25 0 DEG C to the highest temperature 10 DEG C between gather The annual healthy scion with full bud that safety is passed the winter, for making scion reduce the evaporation of moisture, it is ensured that scion is from being grafted onto Survive the vitality of a period of time, use scion of sealing with wax, to be placed on storage in ice cell after waxing in time or at the low temperature of 0-2 DEG C Preserve under the conditions of moisturizing;
First industrial paraffin is placed on when sealing with wax heating and melting in deeper container, treats that 95 DEG C of-102 DEG C of scion of wax temperature are rapidly at wax liquid In dip in (time within 1 second, generally 0.1 second), it is desirable to do not stay the space not dipping in wax in scion, notice that wax temperature is not Too low or too high, too low then wax thickness, easy to fall off, too high, easily scald scion, scion of sealing with wax to regather storage after cooling completely completely Deposit;
2. fringe bar processes: 25-May 10 March, the local weather lowest temperature 10 DEG C was to grafting between the highest temperature 25 DEG C, scion Carry out cutting cutting by length required during grafting and be made fringe bar 2, a length of 10-25 centimetre of general fringe bar 2, retain 2-5 bud, top Having full bud, what fringe bar 2 was the thickest should be a little longer, and thin is unsuitable long.Degree of depth wood it is whittled at described fringe bar 2 lower half 5-15cm Matter portion 1-2mm, the long inclined-plane 21 of gradient 3-5 °, long inclined-plane, fringe bar 2 lower end 21 is whittled into short inclined-plane 22 behind, from upper end, short inclined-plane 22 Forming vertical plane 23 with long inclined-plane 21 Lao Pi that prunes behind, vertical plane 23 exposes green phloem;
3. stock process: on stock 1, seam is sawed-off, scabbles section, then by every layer of grafting bark 12 of stock 1 with transferring Connecing cutter and draw two cuttves, strip off bark 12 forms grafting vertical slot 11;
4. grafting: 2. walking the fringe article 2 handled well by the and be inserted in the and 3. walk in the stock 1 grafting vertical slot 11 handled well, fringe bar 2 is long Inclined-plane 21 xylem correspondence stock 1 grafting vertical slot 11 xylem, two edges, fringe bar 2 long inclined-plane 21 skin clipping edge is close to stock 1 vertical slot 11 two edges skin clipping edges form the long edge 3 that heals, and stock 1 strip off cortex 12 surrounds the short inclined-plane of fringe bar 2 22 and vertical plane 23, stock 1 Strip off cortex 12 two edges skin clipping edge is close to two edges, fringe bar 2 short inclined-plane 22 skin clipping edge and is formed healing short edge 4, stock 1 strip off Cortex 12 inner face forms, with fringe bar 2 vertical plane 23, big face 5 of healing;
Being set to first graft layer at stock 1 head, down arrange two or more graft layer, each graft layer can grafting pair Claim two fringe bars 2, multiple fringe bars 2 that when stock 1 is thicker, each graft layer displays around stock 1 circumference grafting annular, upper and lower Being staggered between graft layer, tree crown is more vigorous, can keep setting body and balance up and down;
For guaranteeing the survival rate of more than 90%, during grafting, select the timely grafting of fringe bar 2 that bud bottom natural pastiness is sprouted soon;At the bottom of bud Portion does not has the fringe bar 2 of nature pastiness first to soak 50-70 minute with in the solution of root-growing agent allotment, allows pastiness bottom bud prepare to sprout Time grafting;
5. colligation processes: first binds at the grafting of stock 1 and fringe bar 2 by plastic ties, is fixed on stock 1 by fringe bar 2;Then With plastic tape from lower to upper by stock 1 and fringe bar 2 grafting and all parts of fringe bar 2 all tie up, budder place's colligation together, with Time cover stock 1 with plastic tape and break cross section and other otch, owing to the place of buddering only has one plastic tape, budder and can go out band voluntarily;
6. managing after grafting: fringe bar 2 survives germination and develops into major branch, when major branch grows up to 20-25 centimetre, beta pruning once allows it send out Educating primary branch, when primary branch grows up to 20-25 centimetre, beta pruning once allows it grow Secondary branches again, and Secondary branches grows up to 20- Also want beta pruning once to allow it grow tertiary branching when 25 centimetres, meanwhile, extract all young sprouts, sublateral shoot, to control its growing way, the completeest Become shaping, promote that major branch is ripe.
In the engrafting method of above-mentioned a kind of multilamellar grafting tree body, for guaranteeing the survival rate of more than 90%, fringe bar processes, stock Process, grafting, colligation processing procedure controlled within 1 minute.
Above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are explained in detail, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned enforcement Example, in the ken that those of ordinary skill in the art are possessed, the technology that all employing equivalents or equivalent transformation are formed Scheme, all falls within the protection domain of application claims.

Claims (10)

1. a tree body for multilamellar grafting, is characterized in that: include stock and the grafting multilamellar fringe bar on stock, described stock Structure is sawed-off in stock upper end, at the grafting of every layer of stock, bark strip off is formed grafting vertical slot;Described fringe bar lower half Being whittled into the long inclined-plane of degree of depth xylem 1-2mm, gradient 3-5 ° at 5-15cm, long inclined-plane, fringe bar lower end is short inclined-plane behind, from short Upper end, inclined-plane and the long inclined-plane Lao Pi that prunes behind forms vertical plane, and vertical plane exposes green phloem;In described stock grafting vertical slot Insert the long inclined-plane of fringe bar, short inclined-plane and vertical plane.
The tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: at described fringe bar lower half 5cm It is whittled into degree of depth xylem 1mm, the long inclined-plane of gradient 3 °.
The tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: at described fringe bar lower half 10cm It is whittled into degree of depth xylem 1.5mm, the long inclined-plane of gradient 4 °.
The tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: at described fringe bar lower half 15cm It is whittled into degree of depth xylem 2mm, the long inclined-plane of gradient 5 °.
The tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described fringe bar long inclined-plane xylem Corresponding stock grafting vertical slot xylem, two edges, fringe bar long inclined-plane skin clipping edge is close to stock vertical slot two edges skin clipping edge and is formed healing Long edge.
The tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described stock strip off cortex surrounds The short inclined-plane of fringe bar and vertical plane.
7. according to the tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that: described stock strip off cortex Two edges skin clipping edge is close to two edges, fringe bar short inclined-plane skin clipping edge and is formed healing short edge.
8. according to the tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting described in claim 1 or 6, it is characterised in that: described stock strip off cortex Inner face forms, with fringe bar vertical plane, big face of healing.
The tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described stock head is set to first Individual graft layer, down arranges two or more graft layer.
The engrafting method of a kind of multilamellar grafting tree body the most according to claim 1, is characterized in that including gathering scion, fringe Bar process, stock process, grafting, colligation process, managing after grafting, concretely comprise the following steps:
1. gather scion: annual February 10 to the local weather lowest temperature on February 25 0 DEG C to the highest temperature 10 DEG C between gather The annual healthy scion with full bud that safety is passed the winter, for making scion reduce the evaporation of moisture, it is ensured that scion is from being grafted onto Survive the vitality of a period of time, use scion of sealing with wax, to be placed on storage in ice cell after waxing in time or at the low temperature of 0-2 DEG C Preserve under the conditions of moisturizing;
2. fringe bar processes: 25-May 10 March, the local weather lowest temperature 10 DEG C was to grafting between the highest temperature 25 DEG C, scion Carrying out cutting cutting by length required during grafting and be made fringe bar, general cuttings length is 10-25 centimetre, retains 2-5 bud, and top has Full bud, what fringe bar was the thickest should be a little longer, and thin is unsuitable long, is whittled into degree of depth xylem at described fringe bar lower half 5-15cm The long inclined-plane of 1-2mm, gradient 3-5 °, long inclined-plane, fringe bar lower end is whittled into short inclined-plane behind, cuts behind with long inclined-plane from upper end, short inclined-plane Going Lao Pi to form vertical plane, vertical plane exposes green phloem;
3. stock processes: on stock, seam is sawed-off, scabbles section, is then used grafting knife by every layer of stock grafting bark Drawing two cuttves, strip off bark forms grafting vertical slot;
4. grafting: 2. walk the fringe article handled well by and be inserted in and 3. walk in the stock grafting vertical slot handled well, the long inclined-plane of fringe bar Xylem correspondence stock grafting vertical slot xylem, two edges, fringe bar long inclined-plane skin clipping edge is close to stock vertical slot two edges skin clipping edge shape Becoming the long edge that heals, stock strip off cortex surrounds the short inclined-plane of fringe bar and vertical plane, and stock strip off cortex two edges skin clipping edge is close to fringe Two edges, bar short inclined-plane skin clipping edge forms healing short edge, and stock strip off cortex inner face forms, with fringe bar vertical plane, big face of healing;? Two or more graft layer is set on stock;The fringe bar timely grafting that bottom bud, pastiness is sprouted soon is selected during grafting;
5. colligation processes: first binds at the grafting of stock and fringe bar by plastic ties, is fixed on stock by fringe bar;Then with moulding Material strip from lower to upper by stock and fringe bar grafting and all parts of fringe bar all tie up, budder place's colligation together, simultaneously with moulding Material strip covers stock and breaks cross section and other otch, owing to the place of buddering only has one plastic tape, budders and can go out band voluntarily;
6. managing after grafting: fringe bar survives germination and develops into major branch, and when major branch grows up to 20-25 centimetre, beta pruning once allows it grow Primary branch, when primary branch grows up to 20-25 centimetre, beta pruning once allows it grow Secondary branches again, and Secondary branches grows up to 20-25 Centimetre time also want beta pruning once allow it grow tertiary branching, meanwhile, extract all young sprouts, sublateral shoot, to control its growing way, be basically completed Shaping, promotes that major branch is ripe.
CN201610606381.7A 2016-07-29 2016-07-29 The tree body of a kind of multilamellar grafting and engrafting method Pending CN106069222A (en)

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CN107258338A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-10-20 佛山市茂源环保科技开发有限公司 A kind of root system engrafting method of beech tree
CN109937784A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-06-28 南京林业大学 A kind of apocarya high photosynthetic efficiency is tree-like and its breeding method
CN110506522A (en) * 2019-10-09 2019-11-29 河南省林业科学研究院 A kind of wax plum grafting of tender branch method

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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107047076A (en) * 2017-05-24 2017-08-18 漯河市农业科学院 A kind of soybean plant strain expanding propagation method
CN107258338A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-10-20 佛山市茂源环保科技开发有限公司 A kind of root system engrafting method of beech tree
CN109937784A (en) * 2019-03-27 2019-06-28 南京林业大学 A kind of apocarya high photosynthetic efficiency is tree-like and its breeding method
CN109937784B (en) * 2019-03-27 2021-05-04 南京林业大学 High-light-efficiency tree form of apocarya and cultivation method thereof
CN110506522A (en) * 2019-10-09 2019-11-29 河南省林业科学研究院 A kind of wax plum grafting of tender branch method

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