CN105494014A - Grafting and shaping method of big ulmus parvifolia tree - Google Patents
Grafting and shaping method of big ulmus parvifolia tree Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN105494014A CN105494014A CN201511000099.6A CN201511000099A CN105494014A CN 105494014 A CN105494014 A CN 105494014A CN 201511000099 A CN201511000099 A CN 201511000099A CN 105494014 A CN105494014 A CN 105494014A
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- elm
- tree
- grafting
- large tree
- chinese
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/30—Grafting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The invention discloses a grafting and shaping method of a big ulmus parvifolia tree. The method includes the steps of selecting a big ulmus parvifolia tree 20 years old or older with the diameter of 30 cm or more and the height of 7 m or more, cutting branches, transplanting and planting the big ulmus parvifolia tree, grafting grafted branches of golden leaf ulmus pumilavar pendula onto the big ulmus parvifolia tree, and conducting synusia shaping on the braches of golden leaf ulmus pumilavar pendula when the branches of golden leaf ulmus pumilavar pendula are 1.5 m long or longer after grafting. By means of the method, the additional value of the big ulmus parvifolia tree is improved, the characteristics of a primary species are broken through, the advantages of two products are combined, the synusia shaping mode is utilized, gold yellow leaves of ulmus pumilavar pendula are completely displayed with the aid of high branches of the big ulmus parvifolia tree, and the scene of getting a new lease of life is achieved. Meanwhile, the forming time of shaped trees is shortened, and cost is reduced; grafting and shaping are directly achieved through the big ulmus parvifolia tree, grafting is conducted in the current year, shaping is conducted in the next year, forming and selling are conducted in the third year; compared with the traditional situation that it takes people several decades to shape a big tree, forming time is shortened and land and labor cost are reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of forest graft modeling method, be specifically related to the graft modeling method of the large tree of a kind of Chinese elm.
Background technology
The large tree of Chinese elm (for corporate buyout) in transplanting process, only retains major branch bar for ease of transport meeting, is all sawed by side shoot except (side shoot can retain short part as required), then sets greatly entrucking transport to reduce cost of transportation for several.How to allow the large tree of Chinese elm after transplanting have more vivid feature, how to make up lopping and bring the lofty single weakness of tree-shaped, become final management and maintenance problem, directly the economic worth of the large tree of impact?
Existing Chinese elm moulding because of blade little, it is limited that leaf look dimness causes inhaling eyeball power, and moulding tree specification is less than normal, and imposing manner is boundless not etc., and factor makes Chinese elm moulding fail to show one's talent.
Gold leaf hang down elm because of blade golden yellow vivid especially eye-catching and become another rising star in colored family, its branch flexible elongated, growth fast being applicable to, prune moulding.Afforestation is planted and is utilized its branch to naturally droop more, the feature that tree crown is circular fluffy, prunes balling-up or make hedgerow to use, and processing is simple, and added value is not high.
Summary of the invention
Instant invention overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of.
Consider the problems referred to above of prior art, according to an aspect disclosed by the invention, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
The graft modeling method of the large tree of Chinese elm, said method comprising the steps of:
A, selection
Select the large tree of Chinese elm of the age of tree more than 20 years, rice footpath more than 30cm, the height of tree more than degree 7m, for subsequent use;
B, lopping, transplant planting
The large tree of Chinese elm steps A selected retains trunk, cut side shoot and side shoot length is shortened from top to bottom successively, and upper and lower sides interval between branch is roughly the same;
With building the large tree of Chinese elm after cutting described in native plantation method transplant planting;
After transplant planting, water normal root water;
C, grafting
Transplant planting is after 1 year, and all rudiments of elite tree kind of erasing, hang down gold leaf to the grafting of elm scion branch on the large tree of Chinese elm by the mode of scion grafting;
Described scion grafting step comprises: Chinese elm large tree cutting → gold leaf hangs down elm scion branch cutting → combination → mantle → rupture of membranes;
D, moulding
After grafting when gold leaf hangs down elm branch to grow to length be more than 1.5m, cloud sheet moulding is carried out to the gold leaf elm branch that hangs down, first a bamboo pole is tied up along the gold leaf elm grafting twig direction of growth of hanging down during moulding, then square plate iron wire loop under bamboo pole, tie up 2 bamboo poles in iron wire loop both sides again, and then tie up 3 bamboo poles below 3 bamboo poles of aforementioned formation, amputate the unnecessary bamboo pole stretching out iron wire loop, finally tie up between the large tree of Chinese elm and iron wire loop with rope and do suitable folding and unfolding, make iron wire loop keep horizontal equilibrium.
Further technical scheme: the native bulb diameter dug when the large tree of transplanting Chinese elm in described step B is greater than 7:1 with the large meter Jing ratio of setting of Chinese elm.
Further technical scheme: with building the large tree of Chinese elm after cutting described in native plantation method transplant planting in described step B, being imbed underground by 1/4 of the native ball having dug the large tree of Chinese elm, setting surrounding rammed earth greatly and accomplishing fluently anti-down support bar.
Further technical scheme: by the mode of scion grafting, gold leaf is hung down the grafting of elm scion branch on the large tree of Chinese elm in described step C, each grafting dot spacing selected when scion grafting is 1 ~ 1.5m.
Further technical scheme: described grafting point mutually opposes between two along trunk and arranges until the position of overhead 2m.
Further technical scheme: in described step C when the elm scion branch that hangs down to gold leaf cuts, 1 year raw gold leaf is selected to hang down elm fringe bar mid diameter about 0.5 centimetre of branch, above bud, fringe bar is vertically cut off by 0.5 centimeters, and 2 centimeters below bud are whittled into two-sided wedge.
Further technical scheme: follow closely length of side 10cm with iron nail in the large tree otch periphery of Chinese elm when mantle in described step C, the triangle frame of high 2 ~ 3cm, triangle frame covers one deck 3mm transparent plastic film.
Further technical scheme: the side shoot top grafting gold leaf of the large tree of described Chinese elm hangs down elm scion branch.
Further technical scheme: the iron wire loop in described step D is oval.
Compared with prior art, one of beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, break through traditional design small dimension feature, directly choose the age of tree more than 20 years, more than 30 centimeters, rice footpath, the large tree of Chinese elm highly reaching 7 meters carries out moulding, tall and big grandness, improves the added value of large tree.
2, break through the feature of primary seeds moulding, the advantage of comprehensive two kinds of products, to be hung down elm by grafting gold leaf, the all rudiments of elite tree kind of erasing, utilize cloud sheet sculpting method, the golden yellow demonstration of the branches of tall trees by the large tree of the Chinese elm nothing left of the Siberian elm leaf sheet that hung down by gold leaf, has the scene of " spring comes to the withered tree ".
3, shorten moulding tree molding time, reduce cost, directly utilize the large tree graft modeling of Chinese elm, grafting then, next year moulding, shaping sale in the 3rd year, compare the moulding of tradition large tree and need the decades of shortening forming time greatly, decrease soil and human cost.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.
A graft modeling method for the large tree of Chinese elm, said method comprising the steps of:
A, selection
Select the large tree of Chinese elm of the age of tree more than 20 years, rice footpath more than 30cm, the height of tree more than degree 7m, for subsequent use.
Break through traditional design small dimension feature, directly choose the age of tree more than 20 years, more than 30 centimeters, rice footpath, the large tree of Chinese elm highly reaching 7 meters carries out moulding, tall and big grandness, improves the added value of large tree.
B, lopping, transplant planting
The large tree of Chinese elm steps A selected retains trunk, cut side shoot and side shoot length is shortened from top to bottom successively, and upper and lower sides interval between branch is roughly the same.
Wherein, retain trunk quantity and the topnotch of large tree as far as possible when lopping, side shoot from top to bottom length shortens successively, and upper and lower sides interval between branch is roughly the same, and the section of lopping is smooth and vertical with trunk, and section smears thimerosal and the process of wound healing liquid.
In the process of transplant planting, set up greatly the native bulb diameter dug and will be not less than 7:1 with Chinese elm rice footpath ratio, soil ball straw rope packs tightly and prevents from being scattered, lifting must prevent bark scratch with batten along tree bar nail one circle clamping plate, by the native plantation method in base, native ball 1/4 is imbedded underground, surrounding rammed earth, it is tiltedly anti-down that Chinese elm surrounding accomplishes fluently support bar.Water a normal root water after planting, within one week, water a water during heat arid, continue one month, the timely draining when the rainy day, prevent the rotten root of waterlogging.
C, grafting
Transplant planting is after 1 year, and all rudiments of elite tree kind of erasing, hang down gold leaf to the grafting of elm scion branch on the large tree of Chinese elm by the mode of scion grafting, select in 2 annual ~ March, gold leaf hang down elm rudiment time, fine, carry out grafting without when sleet.
Grafting point selection: select a grafting point at every trunk top, then along the position that the downward decussate point of trunk is selecting another to select grafting point to the last grafting point overhead 2m, grafting dot spacing 1 ~ 1.5 meter, grafting place wants smooth smooth-going.
Grafting method: scion grafting, namely cuts one piece of bark in Chinese elm grafting place and does otch, inserts gold leaf to hang down elm scion branch in incision.
The concrete operation step of scion grafting comprises:
Chinese elm cuts by large tree: by Chinese elm grafting place epidermis scrub, two crossing otch are drawn at grafting place from top to down with point of a knife, wide 3 centimetres, long 4 centimetres reach xylem deeply, the interconnection of otch top is made to become ligule, two otch bottoms are switched to obliquely again with cutter, from bottom to top cortex is provoked subsequently, cut upper semisection fraction skin, retain the more than half section of suitable order can branch be folded up.
Gold leaf elm scion of hanging down is cut: select 1 year raw gold leaf to hang down elm fringe bar mid diameter about 0.5 centimetre of branch, above bud, fringe bar is vertically cut off by 0.5 centimeters, and clip is smooth, and 2 centimeters below bud are whittled into two-sided wedge.
Engage: the two-sided wedge branch of elm scion of being hung down by gold leaf inserts Chinese elm otch, scion is tightly wrapped in Chinese elm otch with plastic paper, make it fit tightr, expose above branch and grow bud.
Mantle: with iron nail at Chinese elm otch periphery nail length of side 10cm, the triangle frame of high 2 ~ 3cm, triangle frame base is parallel to the ground, and tripod covers one deck 3mm transparent plastic film, scion and Chinese elm otch are enclosed in film central authorities completely, play heat and moisture preserving insect protected.
Rupture of membranes: timely rupture of membranes when touching film after mantle sprouts for 10 ~ 20 days.
D, moulding
After grafting when gold leaf hangs down elm branch to grow to length be more than 1.5m, cloud sheet moulding is carried out to the gold leaf elm branch that hangs down, first a bamboo pole is tied up along the gold leaf elm grafting twig direction of growth of hanging down during moulding, then square plate iron wire loop under bamboo pole, tie up 2 bamboo poles in iron wire loop both sides again, and then tie up 3 bamboo poles below 3 bamboo poles of aforementioned formation, amputate the unnecessary bamboo pole stretching out iron wire loop, finally tie up between the large tree of Chinese elm and iron wire loop with rope and do suitable folding and unfolding, make iron wire loop keep horizontal equilibrium.
Inventor concrete implement moulding time first tie up the bamboo pole of a diameter 3 centimetres along the gold leaf elm grafted branch direction of growth of hanging down, length about 1 meter, then with coir rope by 4mm rolled steel wire below bamboo pole, rolled steel wire is made to become the ellipse being major axis with bamboo pole length, again with coir rope by parallel for two diameters, 2 centimetres of bamboo poles be tied to first bamboo pole both sides iron wire loop under, make the minor axis of point iron wire loops such as 3 bamboo poles, the bamboo pole stretching out iron wire loop part is amputated; Be tied to above below 3 bamboo poles with 32 centimetres of bamboo poles are parallel again, make the major axis of point iron wire loops such as 3 bamboo poles next, amputate the unnecessary bamboo pole stretching out iron wire loop, tie up between Chinese elm tree with iron wire loop with coir rope and do suitable folding and unfolding, make iron wire loop keep horizontal equilibrium.Finally, being hung down by gold leaf about elm branch with coir rope, uniform colligation is on the bamboo pole and iron wire loop of grafted branch both sides, and the later stage will grow spray continuation and coil on iron wire loop, make cloud sheet more closely knit.
In this specification, each embodiment adopts the mode of going forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiment, identical similar portion cross-reference between each embodiment.
Than that described above, also it should be noted that, spoken of in this manual " embodiment ", " another embodiment ", " embodiment " etc., refer to the specific features, structure or the feature that describe in conjunction with this embodiment and be included at least one embodiment of the application's generality description.Multiple place occurs that statement of the same race is not necessarily refer to same embodiment in the description.Furthermore, when describing specific features, structure or a feature in conjunction with any embodiment, what advocate is also fall within the scope of the invention to realize this feature, structure or feature in conjunction with other embodiments.
Although with reference to multiple explanatory embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described here, but, should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art can design a lot of other amendment and embodiment, these amendments and embodiment will drop within spirit disclosed in the present application and spirit.More particularly, in the scope of and claim open in the application, multiple modification and improvement can be carried out to the building block of subject combination layout and/or layout.Except the modification of carrying out building block and/or layout is with except improvement, to those skilled in the art, other purposes also will be obvious.
Claims (9)
1. a graft modeling method for the large tree of Chinese elm, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
A, selection
Select the large tree of Chinese elm of the age of tree more than 20 years, rice footpath more than 30cm, the height of tree more than degree 7m, for subsequent use;
B, lopping, transplant planting
The large tree of Chinese elm steps A selected retains trunk, cut side shoot and side shoot length is shortened from top to bottom successively, and upper and lower sides interval between branch is roughly the same;
With building the large tree of Chinese elm after cutting described in native plantation method transplant planting;
After transplant planting, water normal root water;
C, grafting
Transplant planting is after 1 year, and all rudiments of elite tree kind of erasing, hang down gold leaf to the grafting of elm scion branch on the large tree of Chinese elm by the mode of scion grafting;
Described scion grafting step comprises: Chinese elm large tree cutting → gold leaf hangs down elm scion branch cutting → combination → mantle → rupture of membranes;
D, moulding
After grafting when gold leaf hangs down elm branch to grow to length be more than 1.5m, cloud sheet moulding is carried out to the gold leaf elm branch that hangs down, first a bamboo pole is tied up along the gold leaf elm grafting twig direction of growth of hanging down during moulding, then square plate iron wire loop under bamboo pole, tie up 2 bamboo poles in iron wire loop both sides again, and then tie up 3 bamboo poles below 3 bamboo poles of aforementioned formation, amputate the unnecessary bamboo pole stretching out iron wire loop, finally tie up between the large tree of Chinese elm and iron wire loop with rope and do suitable folding and unfolding, make iron wire loop keep horizontal equilibrium.
2. the graft modeling method of the large tree of Chinese elm according to claim 1, is characterized in that the native bulb diameter dug when the large tree of transplanting Chinese elm in described step B is greater than 7:1 with the large meter Jing ratio of setting of Chinese elm.
3. the graft modeling method of the large tree of Chinese elm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in described step B with building the large tree of Chinese elm after cutting described in native plantation method transplant planting, be imbed underground by 1/4 of the native ball having dug the large tree of Chinese elm, set surrounding rammed earth greatly and accomplish fluently anti-down support bar.
4. the graft modeling method of the large tree of Chinese elm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that by the mode of scion grafting, gold leaf being hung down the grafting of elm scion branch on the large tree of Chinese elm in described step C, each grafting dot spacing selected when scion grafting is 1 ~ 1.5m.
5. the graft modeling method of the large tree of Chinese elm according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described grafting point mutually opposes between two along trunk and arranges until the position of overhead 2m.
6. the graft modeling method of the large tree of Chinese elm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that in described step C gold leaf is hung down elm scion branch cut time, 1 year raw gold leaf is selected to hang down elm fringe bar mid diameter about 0.5 centimetre of branch, above bud, fringe bar is vertically cut off by 0.5 centimeters, and 2 centimeters below bud are whittled into two-sided wedge.
7. the graft modeling method of the large tree of Chinese elm according to claim 1, it is characterized in that following closely length of side 10cm with iron nail in the large tree otch periphery of Chinese elm when mantle in described step C, the triangle frame of high 2 ~ 3cm, triangle frame covers one deck 3mm transparent plastic film.
8. the graft modeling method of the large tree of Chinese elm according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the side shoot top grafting gold leaf of the large tree of described Chinese elm hangs down elm scion branch.
9. the graft modeling method of the large tree of Chinese elm according to claim 1, is characterized in that the iron wire loop in described step D is ellipse.
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| CN201511000099.6A CN105494014A (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Grafting and shaping method of big ulmus parvifolia tree |
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| CN201511000099.6A CN105494014A (en) | 2015-12-25 | 2015-12-25 | Grafting and shaping method of big ulmus parvifolia tree |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109618803A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method |
| CN115530073A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-30 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Ulmus parvifolia grafting propagation method through callus adventitious bud regeneration |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109618803A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method |
| CN115530073A (en) * | 2022-09-23 | 2022-12-30 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | Ulmus parvifolia grafting propagation method through callus adventitious bud regeneration |
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