JPH11225571A - Chrysanthemum tree and its cultivation - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a chrysanthemum tree having an artistic ornamental value and to provide a method for cultivating the chrysanthemum tree. SOLUTION: This method for cultivating a chrysanthemum tree having double important characteristics of herbaceous and woody plants and capable of carrying out perennial growth comprises initially selecting a mugwort stock of a perennial composite plant and a herbaceous composite plant or a perennial composite plant and grafting the herbaceous composite plant or the perennial composite plant onto the mugwort stock of the perennial composite plant. When the chrysanthemum tree is formed into the shape of a tower-shaped chrysanthemum, the height attains even 16 m. When the chrysanthemum is formed into an artistic ornamental one or a large upright one, the height of the tree crown attains 12-16 m and the number of flowers attains several tens of thousands. The chrysanthemum tree is capable of withstanding even a high temperature of, e.g. 38 deg.C and a low temperature of -3 to -5 deg.C and perennially growing.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a new plant variety and a method for cultivating the same, and more particularly to a chrysanthemum tree having an artistic value and a method for cultivating the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Chrysanthemum is a short-sunshine plant of the root type or herbaceous. Chrysanthemum flowers are popular among people because of their vivid colors and beautiful shapes. In China, large-scale chrysanthemum flower exhibitions are held in cities around the country every year. Chrysanthemum viewing is already a popular activity once a year. Cities such as Beijing also use chrysanthemums as city flowers. Overseas, chrysanthemums are popular with people around the world. Neighboring Japan has already used chrysanthemums as its national flower.

Chrysanthemum is a herbaceous or perennial Chrysanthemum plant, usually annual or perennial, and blooms once a year. If you do not care immediately after flowering, you lose its ornamental value. Therefore, it needs to be cultivated annually by seeds or artificial cuttings. Not only does it take time and effort, the size of the flowers does not increase, and the height of the plants is limited to about 30 cm.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a chrysanthemum tree having a herbaceous and a woody characteristic and capable of growing for many years. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for cultivating a chrysanthemum tree.

[0005]

In order to achieve such an object (object), the present invention relates to a kind of chrysanthemum tree, wherein a perennial chrysanthemum wormwood is used as a rootstock. The branches provide a chrysanthemum tree that is a grafted herbaceous chrysanthemum plant or a perennial chrysanthemum plant (herbaceous chrysanthemum).
Such a chrysanthemum tree has the dual characteristics of a perennial herb and a wood, and it blooms every year, does not wither even after the flower blooms, and buds blossom in the following year to bloom. And

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION The contents of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description and description. The stem of the chrysanthemum tree of the present invention is a sorghum plant. It is a perennial herb or sub-shrub belonging to the genus Chrysanthemum, and is a new variety produced by crossing natural chrysanthemum plants with each other.For example, the place of origin is a silver arbor in Houzhou, Sichuan Province, China. is there. The branches and foliage of the tree are grafted herbaceous Chrysanthemums or pests. The perennial wormwood rootstock chrysanthemum tree can bloom every year, the top of the tree is not removed even after the flowers bloom, the buds bloom in the spring of the next year, and the flowers bloom again in the fall, so it is necessary to replant them. Absent. The chrysanthemum tree can have a trunk diameter of more than 30 cm and has the dual characteristics of a herb and a wood.

The chrysanthemum tree of the present invention can be as high as 16 m if it is made into a tower-shaped chrysanthemum. If artistic ornamental chrysanthemums or large chrysanthemums are used, their crowns will be 12 to 16 meters and the number of flowers will reach tens of thousands. Moreover, the chrysanthemum tree can withstand high temperatures of, for example, 38 ° C. and low temperatures below freezing, such as -3 to -5 ° C., and can survive drought and pool water, and can be adapted to thin soil. Can grow for many years.

The stem of a chrysanthemum tree of the present invention, that is, a perennial chrysanthemum plant sorghum rootstock, can be produced, for example, by the following method. (1) Select a perennial chrysanthemum plant from the field, and make the young leg buds at the tip of the rootstock 5 cm long and 0.5 cm thick, for example.
Leave the buds of the entire rootstock and cut it artificially. Cutting may be done at any season. The optimal temperature for cuttings is 5 to 38 ° C., so it may be performed in a mid-temperature greenhouse in midwinter. At 5 to 12 ° C, roots grow in about 18 to 30 days, and at 15 to 38 ° C, roots grow in about 12 to 15 days.

(2) A durable shoot is selected and cut. After the shoots are removed, the wound is sharpened flat with a knife, immersed in an aqueous carbendazole solution for one minute, removed, and cut into a sand bed or unfertilized soil. (3) Pour enough water, once every 7 days, for example 1:
Sprinkle 1000 carbendazole aqueous solution on leaf surface. The core at the top is shiny and stretches straight up one after another, and when 3 to 5 roots are formed, bare roots can be transplanted into pots.

(4) For example, a diameter 20 containing culture soil
transplanted into a cultivation pot of about 18 cm in height and about 18 cm in height. New roots emerged, completely embraced the soil, and the mass was taken out and transplanted to the field. For small seedlings, make the plant 1 × 1m
For large seedlings, the spacing between plants is 2 × 2 m. The transplantation is performed successively, and the coronal surface is expanded by widening the strains so that the product of photosynthesis is sufficiently accumulated by sufficiently utilizing sunlight. 3-5cm in one year
Can be thicker.

(5) Between April and August of each year, 7
Every hundred days to several thousand times (for example, 1: 100
The aqueous solution of Rogol or similar aqueous solution of 0) is sprayed on the leaves and branches to prevent stem-eating insects and oily insects. Every 7 to 10 days, for example, a ternary compound fertilizer of 1: 1000 to 1: 3000 is applied. When the height reaches 3 cm in a year, it is cut and molded. Next, a chrysanthemum flower (such as a herbaceous chrysanthemum) is grafted to grow thick chrysanthemum trees year by year.

In the method for cultivating a chrysanthemum tree of the present invention, the grafted Chrysanthemum plant has the following characteristics. (1) It is a small variety, the leaves are 2 to 4 cm (for example, about 3 cm) in length and 2 to 4 cm (for example, about 3 cm) in width. The leaves are shallow, short in pattern, thick and shiny.
The leaves are unfolded and lean obliquely upward. (2) Branches are straight-punched, with short internodes and average growth. There is no blind branch, no single eye, strong branching power, and large angle of branch elongation after artificial spinning. The molded branch has a rich feeling and the gradation is clear over the year. The branches grow about 5 to 20 cm (for example, about 10 to 15 cm) a year.

(3) It is strong in disease resistance, can withstand high temperature, drought, fertilizer, pool water, and can be adapted to thin soil. (4) The flower coverage is high, and one head has 10 to 40 flowers (for example, about 12 to 30 flowers). (5) Petals are thick and well-arranged. The diameter of the wreath is about 0.3 to 3 cm (for example, about 0.5 to 2 cm)
The hollow is small. There are many tongue-shaped flowers, few tubular flowers, and flowers are concentrated in leaf pieces. Flowering period is about 20-50
Days (eg, about 30 to 40 days). (6) The flower which bloomed at the tip of the branch and bloomed has a flat surface and the same size. Petals have a length to width ratio of about 2: 1 to 1
1: 2 (for example, 2: 1).

In selecting a variety, the following characteristics can be considered. Choose a compatible variety of grafts and rootstocks. If grafting is performed with poor compatibility, the graft buds may be thick and the rootstock thin. Alternatively, grafts may be thin, rootstocks thick, grafted wounds may expand, and callus may grow.

[0015] To selectively grow varieties that flower at a specific time. The varieties of early flowers bloom in the natural conditions from May to June, but are used for the celebration of Kunming (China's National Anniversary Day is October 1). The varieties are usually in full bloom around September 10 to 25 Becomes In addition, the late flower variety blooms from October 25 to November 20 in the same manner as the autumn chrysanthemum. Choose varieties with high moisture resistance. Even if the flower is hit by rain while it blooms, or if the weight of the flower increases due to water entering the wreath during watering, the flower does not tilt or fall.

Selection of varieties that are resistant to cold. The flowers withstand temperatures as low as 1-3 ° C below zero. Choose a flower shape. For example, spherical, honeycomb, lotus trapezoid, button, double petal,
There are various flower shapes such as double petals and cascades, and even rare pine hair-shaped varieties.

Selecting the color of the flower. For example, it is possible to cultivate a variety of odd colors and composite colors in varieties of red, yellow, blue, purple, black, or transition colors. Choose varieties that preserve flower color for a long time. As the flowers begin to bloom,
Choose one that shows vivid colors at full bloom and at the end of flowering. Select a variety of flowers with good ornamental properties. Regardless of the distance or angle of viewing, choose a flower that always looks beautiful and matches the color and shape of the flower and the branches and leaves.

The method for grafting a chrysanthemum tree in the present invention preferably includes the following method. (1) Using a horizontal branching method, the wormwood rootstock and herbaceous chrysanthemum are tied up with a rope and fixed. (2) The rootstock is a perennial plant or sub-shrub or a woody plant, and is grafted with a chrysanthemum (herbaceous chrysanthemum) of an annual plant.
In May to August of each year, when the rootstock shoots sprout, they split with the chrysanthemum shoots. (3) After splitting, twist and twist according to the molding,
Tie for 1-3 days or several times.

(4) If a perennial moyoki rootstock has no branch at the branch point, local blind spots may occur. Take the young shoots of the chrysanthemum itself, peel the skin, and paste it. Grafting to make a fusion branch. (5) Each September, the wormwood rootstock artificially removes flowers and flower branches when buds appear. (6) Root of extra mogi rootstock (for example, 0.2 to 0.2 thick
4 cm) is attached to the tip of the bar, and the skin is attached for at least 5 days (for example, about 14 days).

The method for grafting a chrysanthemum tree according to the present invention can include the following cultivation methods. (1) Sometimes, the moyoki rootstock is thick in the middle and thin in the lower part. The large number of thick branches in the middle part impairs the vitality of the roots and makes it difficult for photosynthetic products to be carried down. Therefore, in order to improve the vitality of the roots, the thick stems are trimmed, and a large number of spare branches and leaves are reserved in the thin stems. (2) Excavate topsoil at a predetermined time, such as every May,
The radish is exposed and cut at 5 to 15 cm (for example, about 10 cm). Fine roots are not cut. This process is repeated over several years.

(3) When the flowers bloom so that the seeds cannot be formed,
The scattered flowers are quickly removed. After the flowers bloom, apply fertilizer to the leaves. (4) During a certain period (for example, two weeks) before transplanting to a pot,
In order to develop the absorbed roots, a suitable number of times before and after
Twice), root transplantation and transplanting to pots. (5) Both or one (preferably both) of a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer is periodically applied to the leaves to rapidly mature the leaves. (6) The branches are divided and grafting is performed yearly so as to balance the wear and accumulation of photosynthetic products.

In the cultivation of chrysanthemum trees, it is desirable to consider the following characteristics. For the problem that chrysanthemum tree varieties are few, dominant varieties are selected and bred by sexual crossing to cultivate the first or second generation of hybrids. If you continue, you can select flowers of various shapes and colors from hybrids.

Since chrysanthemum rootstocks and grafted (hogi) chrysanthemums are mainly varieties that grow upright, in order to solve the problem of unclear gradation, vine varieties are selected by artificial hybridization.
Screening (avoiding) the top dominant varieties of the flowers at the top end makes it possible to cultivate those with a high ornamental value in which the distribution of the flowers is uniform in all directions.

The method of grafting a chrysanthemum tree according to the present invention includes the following cultivation methods. (1) In search of varieties having high compatibility, a perennial gene of grafted moyogi rootstock is induced, and the branches of herbaceous chrysanthemums are made thick and woody. When blooming, the scattered flowers are quickly removed so that seeds cannot be formed. After flowering, fertilizer is applied to the leaves to accumulate more photosynthetic products. Chrysanthemum buds appear perennial and bloom every year, so there is no need to reconnect them. (2) From December of each year to February of the following year, for example, about 1: 1000 aqueous carbendazole solution and about 1:10
Pour 00 oxytetracycline aqueous solution into the roots. Alternatively, the same (the one having a common medicinal effect) may be used. (3) Scratches the wounds caused by bacteria or fungi with a knife, and applies, for example, about 1: 1000 carbendazole aqueous solution and about 1: 1000 oxytetracycline aqueous solution.

The method of grafting a chrysanthemum tree according to the present invention includes the following. The young seedlings of the growing season are fixed and fixed to the reinforcing bar every 1 to 3 days while extending upward. After a year, when the bar becomes 3 cm thick, the bar is removed and it becomes an independent artistic chrysanthemum. In the present invention, a variety having good compatibility with the top and bottom can also be used as an abutment.

FIGS. 1 to 10 show chrysanthemum trees according to the present invention. The stems of these chrysanthemum trees are, for example, chrysanthemums which are native to the silver factory in Houzhou, Sichuan Province, China. Perennial plants or subshrubs belonging to the genus Chrysanthemum were employed. It is a new variety produced by crossing natural chrysanthemum plants with each other. The grafted chrysanthemum flowers use excellent small chrysanthemums and are available in yellow, white, magenta, and golden. The grafting, variety selection and cultivation method are as described above.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a chrysanthemum tree that has grown for one to two years, which is an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a chrysanthemum tree grown for about 9 years, which is an example of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a chrysanthemum tree grown for about 7 years, which is an example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing alternative embodiments of the chrysanthemum tree of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a view showing alternative embodiments of the chrysanthemum tree of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a view showing alternative embodiments of the chrysanthemum tree of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a view showing alternative embodiments of the chrysanthemum tree of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a view showing alternative embodiments of the chrysanthemum tree of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a view showing alternative embodiments of the chrysanthemum tree of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a view showing a chrysanthemum tree (different from FIG. 2) that has grown for about 9 years, which is an example of the present invention.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Li Hai Jiang China, Provence Sea Chuan, City Guang Hang 618307, Civil Aviation of China, The College of Flight, Administrative Latitude Department of Guan Han Branch

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A certain kind of chrysanthemum tree, wherein a wormwood of a perennial chrysanthemum plant is used as a rootstock, and branches are herbaceous chrysanthemum plants or grafted to the wormwood rootstock as scions. A chrysanthemum tree characterized by a chrysanthemum plant (herbaceous chrysanthemum). 2. The chrysanthemum tree of claim 1 has a dual characteristic of a perennial herb and a woody plant, which blooms every year, does not wither even after the flowers bloom, and buds in the next year. Chrysanthemum tree characterized by blooming flowers. 3. The method for cultivating a chrysanthemum tree according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the perennial wormwood rootstock used for the cultivation is produced as follows. (1) A wormwood of a perennial chrysanthemum plant is selected from the field, the young leg buds at the tip of the rootstock are set to a predetermined length and thickness, and the cuttings are cut with the top buds leaving the buds of the entire rootstock. (2) Prior to the cutting, buds are taken, and the wound is shaved almost flat, soaked in a carbendazole aqueous solution or a similar aqueous solution for a short time, then taken out and cut into a sand bed or unfertilized soil. (3) After cutting, plenty of water is applied, and an aqueous solution of carbendazole or an aqueous solution similar thereto is sprayed on leaves at a predetermined annual cycle or frequency. (4) New roots appear on the rootstocks in the cultivation pots, completely embrace the soil, remove the clumps, and transplant them to the field. (5) After that, when the rootstock becomes a predetermined size, the rootstock is trimmed into a wormwood rootstock. 4. The method for cultivating a chrysanthemum tree according to claim 3, wherein the herbaceous plants of the Chrysanthemum family used for grafting are as follows. Method. (1) Small varieties, leaves are about 2-4 cm long and about 2-4 cm wide. The leaves are shallow, short in pattern, thick and shiny. The leaves are unfolded and lean obliquely upward. (2) Branches are straight-punched, with short internodes and average growth. There is no blind branch and no single eye after artificial spinning, and the branching power is strong, and the branch grows about 5 to 20 cm per year. (3) It has strong disease resistance, can withstand high temperature, drought, fertilizer and pool water, and can adapt to thin soil. (4) The flower coverage is high, and one head has about 10 to 40 flowers. (5) Petals are thick and well-arranged. The diameter of the wreath is about 0.3 to 3 cm, and the hollow is small. The flowering period is approximately 20 to 50 days. (6) The petals have a length to width ratio of about 2: 1 to 1: 2. 5. The chrysanthemum tree according to claim 3, wherein the cultivation of a perennial chrysanthemum plant wormwood rootstock and a chrysanthemum herbaceous plant (herbaceous chrysanthemum) graft further includes the following: Cultivation method. (1) Using a horizontal branching method, the wormwood rootstock and herbaceous chrysanthemum are tied up with a rope and fixed. (2) Branches of rootstocks will split with shoots of chrysanthemum (Kusamoto chrysanthemum) when shoots emerge. (3) After splitting, twist the herbaceous chrysanthemum in accordance with the molding and tie it for a predetermined period or number of times. (4) The young shoots of the chrysanthemum itself, peeled and pasted on a wormwood rootstock to form a fused branch with the rootstock. (5) The wormwood rootstock artificially removes flowers and flower branches when buds appear. (6) Attach the roots of the remaining mogi rootstock to the tip of the stick and stick the skin for at least 5 days. 6. A method for cultivating a chrysanthemum tree according to any one of claims 3 to 5, comprising: (1) Trim the thick stems of the chrysanthemum tree after grafting, leaving many spare branches and leaves on the thin stems. (2) Excavate topsoil at a predetermined time, such as every May,
Show radish and cut at about 5-15cm. Fine roots are not cut. This process is repeated over several years. (3) When blooming, the scattered flowers are quickly removed so that seeds cannot be formed. After the flowers bloom, apply fertilizer to the leaves. (4) In order to develop absorbed roots for a certain period of time such as two weeks before transplanting to a pot, root cutting is performed a predetermined number of times, for example, twice before and after in a field, and then transplanted to a pot. (5) Periodically apply at least one or both of a phosphate fertilizer and a potassium fertilizer to the leaf surface to rapidly mature the leaves. (6) The branches are divided and grafting is performed yearly so as to balance the wear and accumulation of photosynthetic products. 7. A method for cultivating a chrysanthemum tree according to any one of claims 3 to 6, further comprising: (1) For the rootstock and the scion, seeking a variety that is highly compatible with each other, inducing a perennial gene of the grafted mogi rootstock to the scion, and making the herbaceous chrysanthemum branches thick and woody. (2) In winter, such as from December of every year to February of the following year, an aqueous solution of carbendazole and / or an aqueous solution of oxytetracycline or an aqueous solution similar thereto is poured into the roots. (3) Rub off the wound caused by bacteria or fungi with a cutting tool such as a knife, and apply an aqueous solution of carbendazole and / or an aqueous solution of oxytetracycline or an aqueous solution similar thereto. 8. A method for cultivating a chrysanthemum tree according to any one of claims 3 to 7, wherein a variety having higher compatibility with the upper and lower sides is a bridge stock. 9. The method for cultivating a chrysanthemum tree according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the wormwood collected from the field is cut into a predetermined length so that the wormwood of the perennial chrysanthemum plant is used as a rootstock. This is used as a cutting and grown for a certain period to form a rootstock. The rootstock is a herbaceous Chrysanthemum plant or a perennial Chrysanthemum plant as a scion (herbaceous chrysanthemum), and the scion is divided into the rootstock. By cutting, grafting, patch grafting, stomach grafting, bud grafting or other grafting methods, by performing such grafting sequentially, it is characterized by a chrysanthemum tree that makes a plurality of branch boards bloom chrysanthemums. Chrysanthemum tree cultivation method.