CN108934508A - A kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture - Google Patents
A kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G2/00—Vegetative propagation
- A01G2/10—Vegetative propagation by means of cuttings
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/10—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing inorganic material
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
- A01G24/20—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material
- A01G24/28—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor based on or containing natural organic material containing peat, moss or sphagnum
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/08—Magnoliopsida [dicotyledons]
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N65/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing material from algae, lichens, bryophyta, multi-cellular fungi or plants, or extracts thereof
- A01N65/40—Liliopsida [monocotyledons]
- A01N65/42—Aloeaceae [Aloe family] or Liliaceae [Lily family], e.g. aloe, veratrum, onion, garlic or chives
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture, belongs to planting technology field.The following steps are included: cutting selection, nursery and hardening are cut.The cuttage and seedling culture method chooses the semi-lignified branch of long 10~15cm, 1~2cm of diameter, reservation 1-2 piece leaf as cuttage item, and dedicated root-growing agent and seedling medium is used to improve the survival rate of cuttage item in conjunction with hardening technology, promotes the growth of seedling.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to planting technology fields, and in particular to a kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture.
Background technique
Mango also known as mango, vast and boundless fruit, bored fruit, honey are hoped, hope fruit, Buddhist nunnery polo fruit, Anacardiaceae.It is a kind of the evergreen of original India
Arbor, leaf keratin, alternate；It is cool in nature, small, yellow or pale red are spent, at the panicle of basidixed, produces mango and light gray wood inferior
Material.Mango is full of nutrition, sugar content and heat are high, and vitamin A and C are extremely abundant, and pulp fragrance sweet tea is sliding, and flavor is original in style, has
The honor of " tropical fruit king ", at home and abroad market is all popular.China's mango planting area mainly have Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan,
Sichuan etc..Guangxi mango major production areas concentrates on the areas such as the south in Baise, Qiezhou, Nanning, Yulin and Liuzhou.Mango at
For a kind of Important Economic crop of Baise of Guangxi, mango planting area also constantly increases.
The propagation method of mango can be divided into sexual propagation and two kinds of vegetative propagation.Sexual propagation uses seed seed propagation,
Vegetative propagation includes grafting, air layering and cuttage etc., is generally more commonly used with grafting.Cutting propagation is vegetative propagation, i.e.,
For a part for taking plant nutrition organ, it is inserted into seedling medium, using its power of regeneration, is allowed to take root and branch out, become planting
Strain.Cutting propagation is able to maintain breediness, and the plant of cultivation is faster than tree seedling growth, and seedlings can be cultivated into the short time.But
The cuttage seeding root system that cutting propagation obtains is poor, cannot form main root, and the survival rate of seedling is lower, and the service life is short compared with tree seedling, resists
Inverse property is weaker.Research at present about the cutting propagation of mango is less, and the normal cutting propagation propagation method of existing mango, which exists, educates
The problems such as seedling period is long, rooting rate is unstable, cuttage seeding root is few, disease resistance is weak, survival rate is low after causing seedling to be planted and grows
Speed is slow, is unfavorable for the large-scale production of mango cutting propagation, is not able to satisfy the demand of mango industrialized planting.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention of the invention is, in view of the above-mentioned problems, a kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture is provided, it is wooden using half
Change branch cutting technology, in conjunction with dedicated root-growing agent and seedling medium is used, improves the survival rate of cuttage item, promote seedling
Growth.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that:
A kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture, comprising the following steps:
S1. cuttage item is chosen
The semi-lignified branch of 1~2 long 10~15cm, 1~2cm of diameter, reservation leaf is chosen as cuttage item, by institute
The upper end for stating cuttage item is cut into flat mouth, and bottom end is whittled into angle；3~5cm of bottom of the cuttage item is immersed in root-growing agent and is soaked
Steep 20~40min.
The root-growing agent includes: the vitamin of the root-inducing powder of 50~100mg/L, the vitamin B12 of 1~3g/L, 3~5g/L
C, the composite growth element of 4~6mol/L, the glucose of 5~10g/L, the ironic citrate of 3~5g/L, 3~5g/L magnesium carbonate,
The rose of Sharon of the Semen Maydis polypeptide of 0.2~1g/L, the garlic P.E of 5~15ml/L, 5~10ml/L Magnolia cortex P.E, 5~10ml/L
The radix gentianae extracting solution of extracting solution and 3~5ml/L.
S2. nursery
By cuttage item nursery in seedling raising greenhouse, the seedling raising greenhouse is provided with shading net, spray irrigation system and nursery
Bag, the Seedling bag are provided with seedling medium, by the cuttage cuttage into Seedling bag, and water.
Controlling shade density is 50~70%, and humidity is 75~85%, and temperature is 18~25 DEG C.
The seedling medium includes: according to parts by weight
40~50 parts of soil, 5~10 parts of vinasse corruption, fertile 8~15 parts ripe, 5~10 parts of turfy soil, 5~10 parts of weathered coal, straw
5~10 parts of stalk biomass carbon, 8~15 parts of wormcast, 10~20 parts of mushroom residue, it is 8~15 parts of silkworm faeces, 3~5 parts of inorganic fertilizer, compound
0.5~1 part of bacterium.
S3. hardening
1~5 day after the completion of the skewer rooting of cuttings, relative humidity in seedling raising greenhouse is gradually decreased to 65~75%, and
The plastic film of seedling raising greenhouse is removed at cloudy day or dusk, nursery stock continued growth 6~8 days under sunshade net are mature old to blade
When change, noon no longer wilt, remove sunshade net, carries out full exposure hardening, and normally water, hardening 10~15 days, can obtain
To mango seedling.
Preferably, in step S1, at 45 °~60 ° of angle is cut in bottom end.
Preferably, in step S1, the composite growth element include mass ratio be 5~8:3~4:2~4:1 heteroauxin,
Indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate and gibberellin.
Preferably, in step S2, seedling medium first carries out spray disinfectant with 10% liquor potassic permanganate, is subsequently installed in nursery
In bag.
Preferably, it is 1~3:5~8:2~4:2~4:1 bacillus subtilis, fixed nitrogen that the compound bacteria, which includes mass ratio,
Bacterium, phosphobacteria, B. mucilaginocus and cellulosic decomposer.
Preferably, in step S2, the pH value of the culture medium is 6.5~7.0, total porosity 75~80%.
Due to the adoption of the above technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method for mango cuttage and seedling culture of the present invention, using semi-lignified branch cuttage technique, in conjunction with using dedicated life
Root agent and seedling medium improve the survival rate of cuttage item, promote the growth of seedling.
Root-growing agent includes root-inducing powder, vitamin, composite growth element, ironic citrate, magnesium carbonate and Semen Maydis polypeptide, is not only promoted
It takes root, and provides growth required nutritional ingredient.Necessary composition magnesium, iron containing plant chlorophyll synthesis etc., in the effect of sunlight
Under, it can faster promote the cuttage item to grow sprouting, while sprouting grows, and can promote photosynthesis, enhances root system
Vigor.The relatively single auxin of composite growth element can more effectively play a role, and avoid single auxin using excessively making
At plant deformity and death.Containing garlic P.E, Magnolia cortex P.E, rose of Sharon extracting solution and radix gentianae extracting solution, cuttage is solved
For item because of butt rot caused by bacterium, virus and pest and disease damage, disease improves survival rate.It is used as and is killed using Chinese herbal medicine extract
Microbial inoculum can be avoided the gentle solution environmental pressure of chemical bactericide medicament residue.
2. the method for mango cuttage and seedling culture of the present invention, when nursery, using dedicated nutrient matrix, enough nutrition is provided, is promoted
It survives into cuttage item.Weathered coal and straw biomass charcoal contain there are many inorganic oxide, lighter weight and water imbibition is strong, solve
The viscous airproof problem of weight of Nutrition Soil, improves the nursery effect of Nutrition Soil；Inorganic fertilizer and decomposed fertilizer can provide more nothings
Machine salt nutrient, further increases nursery effect.Compound bacteria can promote the absorption to nutrient；Promotion is sprouted, effectively prevention soil
Seedling death phenomenon caused by disease.Wherein, absorption of the nitrogen-fixing bacteria in addition to promotion root to nutritional ingredient, prevents outside the loss of fertilizer,
Soil aggregate structure can also be improved, prevent soil hardened in water shortage, when water is more the shortcomings that poor air permeability.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture, comprising the following steps:
S1. cuttage item is chosen
The semi-lignified branch of 2 long 12cm, diameter 1.5cm, reservation leaves is chosen as cuttage item, by the cuttage item
Upper end be cut into flat mouth, angle at 45 ° is cut in bottom end.The bottom 4cm of the cuttage item is immersed in root-growing agent and is impregnated
30min。
The root-growing agent includes: the root-inducing powder of 80mg/L, the vitamin B12 of 2g/L, the vitamin C of 4g/L, 5mol/L
Composite growth element, the glucose of 8g/L, the ironic citrate of 4g/L, the magnesium carbonate of 4g/L, the Semen Maydis polypeptide of 0.5g/L, 10ml/L
Garlic P.E, 8ml/L Magnolia cortex P.E, the rose of Sharon extracting solution of 8ml/L and 4ml/L radix gentianae extracting solution.
The garlic P.E, Magnolia cortex P.E, rose of Sharon extracting solution and radix gentianae extracting solution are to be extracted using ethyl alcohol.
The composite growth element includes heteroauxin, indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate and the gibberellin that mass ratio is 6:3:2:1.
S2. nursery
By cuttage item nursery in seedling raising greenhouse, the seedling raising greenhouse is provided with shading net, spray irrigation system and nursery
Bag, the Seedling bag are provided with seedling medium, by the cuttage cuttage into Seedling bag, and water.
Seedling medium first carries out spray disinfectant with 10% liquor potassic permanganate, is subsequently installed in Seedling bag.
Controlling shade density is 60%, humidity 80%, and temperature is 18~25 DEG C.
The seedling medium includes: according to parts by weight
45 parts of soil, vinasse rotten 6 parts, fertile 10 parts ripe, 6 parts of turfy soil, 6 parts of weathered coal, 8 parts of straw biomass charcoal, earthworm
10 parts of excrement, 15 parts of mushroom residue, 10 parts of silkworm faeces, 4 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 0.8 part of compound bacteria.
The pH value of the culture medium is 6.8, total porosity 78%.The compound bacteria includes that mass ratio is 2:6:3:3:1
Bacillus subtilis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphobacteria, B. mucilaginocus and cellulosic decomposer.
S3. hardening
3 days after the completion of the skewer rooting of cuttings, gradually decrease relative humidity in seedling raising greenhouse to 70%, and at the cloudy day or
The plastic film of seedling raising greenhouse is removed at dusk, and sunshade net is removed in nursery stock continued growth 7 days under sunshade net, carries out full exposure refining
Seedling, and normally water, hardening 10~15 days, mango seedling can be obtained.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture, comprising the following steps:
S1. cuttage item is chosen
The semi-lignified branch of 1 long 15cm, diameter 2cm, reservation leaf is chosen as cuttage item, by the cuttage item
Upper end is cut into flat mouth, and bottom end is whittled into 60 ° of angle.The bottom 3cm of the cuttage item is immersed in root-growing agent and impregnates 40min.
The root-growing agent includes: the root-inducing powder of 100mg/L, the vitamin B12 of 1g/L, the vitamin C of 5g/L, 4mol/L
Composite growth element, the glucose of 10g/L, the ironic citrate of 3g/L, the magnesium carbonate of 3g/L, the Semen Maydis polypeptide of 1g/L, 15ml/L
Garlic P.E, 5ml/L Magnolia cortex P.E, the rose of Sharon extracting solution of 5ml/L and 3ml/L radix gentianae extracting solution.
The garlic P.E, Magnolia cortex P.E, rose of Sharon extracting solution and radix gentianae extracting solution are to be extracted using water-bath.
The composite growth element includes heteroauxin, indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate and the gibberellin that mass ratio is 8:4:2:1.
S2. nursery
By cuttage item nursery in seedling raising greenhouse, the seedling raising greenhouse is provided with shading net, spray irrigation system and nursery
Bag, the Seedling bag are provided with seedling medium, by the cuttage cuttage into Seedling bag, and water.
Seedling medium first carries out spray disinfectant with 10% liquor potassic permanganate, is subsequently installed in Seedling bag.
Controlling shade density is 70%, humidity 75%, and temperature is 18~25 DEG C.
The seedling medium includes: according to parts by weight
50 parts of soil, vinasse rotten 5 parts, fertile 15 parts ripe, 5 parts of turfy soil, 10 parts of weathered coal, 5 parts of straw biomass charcoal, earthworm
15 parts of excrement, 10 parts of mushroom residue, 15 parts of silkworm faeces, 3 parts of inorganic fertilizer, 1 part of compound bacteria.
The pH value of the culture medium is 6.5, total porosity 80%.The compound bacteria includes that mass ratio is 1:8:2:2:1
Bacillus subtilis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphobacteria, B. mucilaginocus and cellulosic decomposer.
S3. hardening
5 days after the completion of the skewer rooting of cuttings, gradually decrease relative humidity in seedling raising greenhouse to 75%, and at the cloudy day or
Remove the plastic film of seedling raising greenhouse at dusk, nursery stock continued growth 6 days under sunshade net, no longer to the aging of blade maturation, noon
When wilting, remove sunshade net, carries out full exposure hardening, and normally water, hardening 15 days, mango seedling can be obtained.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture, compared with Example 1, culture medium do not carry out disinfection processing, other steps
It is rapid identical.
Comparative example 1
A kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture, cutting use diameter for 0.5cm semi-lignified branch, other steps are the same as implementation
Example 1.
Comparative example 2
A kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture, root-growing agent only include root-inducing powder, other steps are the same as embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
A kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture, seedling medium do not contain compound bacteria, other steps are the same as embodiment 1.
Mango is planted according to the method for embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-3, and calculates nursery illness rate, survival rate of seedling, determine
Survival rate rate after plant, data such as the following table 1.
The different embodiment and comparative example data of table 1 compare
| Nursery illness rate (%) | Survival rate of seedling (%) | Survival rate (%) after field planting | |
| Embodiment 1 | 5 | 95.0 | 97 |
| Embodiment 2 | 6 | 93.0 | 96 |
| Embodiment 3 | 10 | 88.0 | 94 |
| Comparative example 1 | 12 | 80.0 | 92 |
| Comparative example 2 | 15 | 75.0 | 90 |
| Comparative example 3 | 13 | 82.0 | 90 |
From the data of embodiment 1-2, comparative example 1-3 and table 1, it can be deduced that, using method for culturing seedlings of the invention, improve
The survival rate of cuttage item promotes the growth of seedling.
1-2 and embodiment 3 in conjunction with the embodiments, it can be seen that seedling medium be easy to cause cuttage item not send out without disinfection
Bud and germination postoperative infection germ, cause nursery illness and death.
1-2 and comparative example 1 in conjunction with the embodiments, it can be seen that thinner semi-lignified branch is unfavorable for surviving, and grows
Speed is slower.
1-2 and comparative example 3 in conjunction with the embodiments, it can be seen that root-growing agent of the invention can promote cuttage item growth and
Rotten is avoided, to improve survival rate and promote growth.
1-2 and comparative example 3 in conjunction with the embodiments, it can be seen that contain compound bacteria in seedling medium of the invention, can promote
Growth improves survival rate.
Above description is the detailed description for the present invention preferably possible embodiments, but embodiment is not limited to this hair
Bright patent claim.The same changes or modifications change completed under technical concept suggested by all present invention, should all belong to
In the covered the scope of the patents of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of method of mango cuttage and seedling culture, which comprises the following steps:
S1. cuttage item is chosen
The semi-lignified branch of 1~2 long 10~15cm, 1~2cm of diameter, reservation leaf is chosen as cuttage item, by the skewer
The upper end of cutting is cut into flat mouth, and bottom end is whittled into angle；3~5cm of bottom of the cuttage item is immersed in root-growing agent and impregnates 20
~40min；
The root-growing agent includes: the root-inducing powder of 50~100mg/L, the vitamin B12 of 1~3g/L, the vitamin C of 3~5g/L, 4
The composite growth element of~6mol/L, the glucose of 5~10g/L, the ironic citrate of 3~5g/L, the magnesium carbonate of 3~5g/L, 0.2~
The rose of Sharon extraction of the Semen Maydis polypeptide of 1g/L, the garlic P.E of 5~15ml/L, 5~10ml/L Magnolia cortex P.E, 5~10ml/L
The radix gentianae extracting solution of liquid and 3~5ml/L；
S2. nursery
By cuttage item nursery in seedling raising greenhouse, the seedling raising greenhouse is provided with shading net, spray irrigation system and Seedling bag, institute
It states Seedling bag and is provided with seedling medium, by the cuttage cuttage into Seedling bag, and water；
Controlling shade density is 50~70%, and humidity is 75~85%, and temperature is 18~25 DEG C；
The seedling medium includes: according to parts by weight
40~50 parts of soil, 5~10 parts of vinasse corruption, fertile 8~15 parts ripe, 5~10 parts of turfy soil, 5~10 parts of weathered coal, stalk are raw
5~10 parts of substance charcoal, 8~15 parts of wormcast, 10~20 parts of mushroom residue, 8~15 parts of silkworm faeces, 3~5 parts of inorganic fertilizer, compound bacteria 0.5
~1 part；
S3. hardening
1~5 day after the completion of the skewer rooting of cuttings, relative humidity in seedling raising greenhouse is gradually decreased to 65~75%, and in yin
It removes the plastic film of seedling raising greenhouse at dusk, then sunshade net is removed in continued growth 6~8 days under sunshade net, carries out complete
Illumination hardening, and normally water, hardening 10~15 days, mango seedling can be obtained.
2. the method for mango cuttage and seedling culture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S1, bottom end cut it is at 45 °~
60 ° of angle.
3. the method for mango cuttage and seedling culture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S1, the composite growth
Element includes that mass ratio is 5~8:3~4:2~4:1 heteroauxin, indolebutyric acid, methyl α-naphthyl acetate and gibberellin.
4. the method for mango cuttage and seedling culture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S2, seedling medium is first used
10% liquor potassic permanganate carries out spray disinfectant, is subsequently installed in Seedling bag.
5. the method for mango cuttage and seedling culture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S2, the compound bacterium bag
Mass ratio is included as 1~3:5~8:2~4:2~4:1 bacillus subtilis, nitrogen-fixing bacteria, phosphobacteria, B. mucilaginocus and cellulosic point
Solve bacterium.
6. the method for mango cuttage and seedling culture according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S2, the culture medium
PH value be 6.5~7.0, total porosity 75~80%.
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| CN109618803A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-04-16 | 江苏省林业科学研究院 | A kind of Chinese elm superior timber stand trees form breeding method |
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