CN104904480A - Method for utilizing sawdust to culture camellia oleifera rootstock in winter and spring - Google Patents
Method for utilizing sawdust to culture camellia oleifera rootstock in winter and spring Download PDFInfo
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- CN104904480A CN104904480A CN201510331277.7A CN201510331277A CN104904480A CN 104904480 A CN104904480 A CN 104904480A CN 201510331277 A CN201510331277 A CN 201510331277A CN 104904480 A CN104904480 A CN 104904480A
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- winter
- camellia oleifera
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for utilizing sawdust to culture camellia oleifera rootstock in winter and spring. In winter and spring each year, the sawdust is utilized to serve as a sprouting substrate to manufacture a sprouting bed, camellia oleifera seeds that are well developed, full and free of pest and disease damage undergo sprouting, and when sprouts grow to 4-8 cm, the sprouts can be used for grafting. The wood processing waste sawdust is utilized to serve as the sprouting substrate for winter and spring camellia oleifera rootstock and has good heat insulation, moisturizing and ventilation performance, sufficient moisture, appropriate temperature and illumination conditions are provided for seed germination of camellia oleifera in winter and spring, the germination rate is over 95%, over 90% of sprouts meet the sprout rootstock grafting requirements after sprouting for 90 days, the time is reduced by nearly a half compared with a traditional camellia oleifera sand storage for rootstock culture in winter and spring; the method not only greatly shortens the seed germination period, improve seed germination rate, enhance sprout uniformity and reduce culture cost, but also effectively uses the wood processing reminder, reduces air pollution caused by sawdust burning, and has good economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of breeding method of oil tea stock, particularly a kind of method utilizing wooden chaff winter-spring season to cultivate oil tea stock.
Background technology
Oil tea (
camellia oleifera Abel), belong to Theaceae Camellia perennial evergreen arbor, be the important woody oil tree species of China, is called the large woody edible oil tannin plant in the world four with oil palm, olive and coconut.Be rich in the unsaturated fatty acid such as oleic acid and linoleic acid in camellia seed oil, content is generally more than 90%, and its nutritive value and health value can compare favourably with olive oil, is genuine kind of high-quality edible plant oil.LACS is in view of the good economic benefit of camellia seed oil and wide application prospect, and from the national grain and oil security strategy of maintenance, country pays much attention to the development of camellia oleiferaindustry, widelys popularize oil tea plantation, thus the demand of nursery stock resource is excellent aobvious in short supply.
The advantages such as oil tea asexual reproduction method comprises Nurse seed grafting, autumn branches, cuttage and tissue cultures etc., and Nurse seed grafting seedling growing process, has easy and simple to handle, and reproduction coefficient is high, and seedling growth is fast are the seedling-cultivating method that current oil tea mainly adopts.Winter-spring season Nurse seed grafting nursery damage by disease and insect is few, and graft survival rate is high, and seedling growth is neat, and quality is good; But because winter-spring season temperature is too low, adopt traditional husky bed vernalization stock poor growth, anvil seedling specification does not reach the requirement of grafting, thus the cultivation of anvil seedling is restriction oil tea Winter-Spring Nurse seed grafting key factor.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of shortening seed germinating time, raising germination rate and regularity, accelerating the growth of bud seedling, meet the method that winter-spring season cultivates the utilization wooden chaff winter-spring season cultivation oil tea stock of oil-tea sprout anvil grafting needs.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of method utilizing wooden chaff winter-spring season to cultivate oil tea stock, comprise seed collection, the making of germination bed, the preparation of vernalization matrix and presprouting of seeds operation, wooden chaff is adopted to be vernalization matrix, in annual spring in winter, vernalization is carried out to Seed of Camellia oleifera, can quickly breeding fuel-displaced tea Engraftment sprout stock wood, main operational steps is as follows:
(1) seed collection: annual 10 ~ November, when cracking, peel smooth, bright in color appear in the upper a small amount of Property of Tea oil Tree Fruit of homophyletic tree, directly from tea oil tree, manually pluck fruit, carry out stripping fruit immediately, get seed, choose physically well developed, full, without the Seed of Camellia oleifera of damage by disease and insect, for subsequent use;
(2) making of germination bed: select the smooth place of physical features, with plank as gear backplate, makes germination bed;
(3) preparation of vernalization matrix: evenly spray wooden chaff of drenching with the potassium permanganate that volumetric concentration is 0.5 %, holding wooden chaff has moist feeling but can obtain vernalization matrix without infiltration;
(4) presprouting of seeds: the wooden chaff after first step (2) being sterilized is layed in germination bed bottom, thickness is 10 cm, again step (1) is chosen Seed of Camellia oleifera uniform spreading for subsequent use in vernalization matrix, Seed of Camellia oleifera zero lap phenomenon, on Seed of Camellia oleifera, finally cover the wood of the sterilization chaff that 15 cm are thick, drench with clear water is disposable, cover one deck plastic foil, surrounding compresses, plastic foil is opened every 15 days, shower water, controlling germination bed water content is 10-20%, when bud seedling grows to 5 ~ 8 cm, can be used for grafting.
Bedside 1.0 ~ the 1.2m of above-described germination bed, the height of bed 20 ~ 30cm, the long 5 ~ 10m of bed.
Above-described wooden chaff is the discarded object of timber processing.
Relative to prior art, the good effect that the present invention has and advantage as follows:
1, the present invention is too low in winter-spring season temperature, makes full use of the good insulation of wooden chaff, moisturizing and airing function, for oil tea winter-spring season seed sprouting provides the illumination condition of suitable temperature, sufficient moisture content and needs.
2, oil tea winter-spring season wood furfuryl group matter of the present invention promotes that the plumule of Seed of Camellia oleifera is sprouted, germination rate 95 more than %, and the plumule of vernalization 90 days 90 more than % reaches Nurse seed grafting requirement; Conventional oil-tea camellia Winter-Spring sand hide the time of cultivating stock need 5 ~ 6 months, germination rate is that 80 %, regularity are poor; The vernalization of oil tea winter-spring season wood furfuryl group matter is compared with the husky bed vernalization of tradition, greatly shorten seed germinating time, improve percentage of seedgermination, increase bud seedling regularity, and the autumn growth making full use of cutting orchard the previous year carries out grafting as scion, reduce seedling cost, there is good economic benefit and social benefit.
3, the present invention effectively make use of the discarded object of timber processing, reduces the wooden chaff of burning and causes atmospheric pollution, have better social benefit and ecological benefits.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1:
In mid-October, 2012, to gather the breeding Property of Tea oil Tree Fruits such as Cen soft No. 2, No. 3 in tung oil tree mountain, Guangxi forest-science academy oil tea plantation demonstration area, occur that cracking, peel smooth, bright in color are for standard of plucking with the upper a small amount of fruit of homophyletic tree, by picking fruit Exposure to Sunlight 2 days, carry out immediately peeling off, getting seed, select physically well developed, full, without the Seed of Camellia oleifera 300kg of damage by disease and insect, for subsequent use.November 15 the same year selects the smooth place of physical features in breeding garden, Guangxi forest-science academy, with plank as working as backplate, making wide 1.0m, enclosing high 20cm, the germination bed of the long 5m of bed.Germination bed bottom is layed in the wooden chaff after sterilization, thickness is 10 cm, to Seed of Camellia oleifera uniform spreading for subsequent use be chosen in vernalization matrix, Seed of Camellia oleifera zero lap phenomenon again, on Seed of Camellia oleifera, finally cover the wood of the sterilization chaff that 15 cm are thick, drench with clear water is disposable, cover one deck plastic foil, surrounding compresses, and opens plastic foil every 15 days, shower water, controlling germination bed water content is 10%.
Observed 1 time every 5 days after vernalization, result shows: vernalization 25 days visible seeds expose Baconic, within 45 days, expose plumule as seen afterwards.90 days time, random searching 1000, radicel length reaches 948 of more than 5cm, accounts for 94.8 %, and the long 3 ~ 5cm of plumule is 49, does not germinate 3.Choosing length is that the plumule of 5 ~ 6cm plays anvil, carries out Nurse seed grafting.
Embodiment 2:
In in early November, 2013, pacify forest farm autonomous county of the Bama of Guangxi Yao nationality people to gather the abundant mellow fruit of C. olelfera, by picking fruit Exposure to Sunlight 2 days, carry out immediately peeling off, getting seed, select physically well developed, full, without the Seed of Camellia oleifera 5250kg of damage by disease and insect, for subsequent use.On November 16th, 2013, select the smooth place of physical features in breeding garden, Guangxi forest-science academy, with plank as working as backplate, making wide 1.2m, enclosing high 25cm, the germination bed of the long 8m of bed.Germination bed bottom is layed in the wooden chaff after sterilization, thickness is 10 cm, to Seed of Camellia oleifera uniform spreading for subsequent use be chosen in vernalization matrix, Seed of Camellia oleifera zero lap phenomenon again, on Seed of Camellia oleifera, finally cover the wood of the sterilization chaff that 15 cm are thick, drench with clear water is disposable, cover one deck plastic foil, surrounding compresses, and opens plastic foil every 15 days, shower water, controlling germination bed water content is 15%.
Observed 1 time every 5 days after vernalization, result shows: vernalization 25 days visible seeds expose Baconic, within 40 days, expose plumule as seen afterwards.On February 13rd, 2014, during vernalization 90 days, random searching 1000, radicel length reaches 918 of more than 5cm, accounts for 91.8 %, and the long 3 ~ 5cm of plumule is 76, does not germinate 6.Choosing length is that the plumule of 6 ~ 7cm plays anvil, carries out Nurse seed grafting.
Embodiment 3:
To gather in forest farm, the Youjiang River, Tianyang County, in early November, 2013 Guangxi C. olelfera, occur that cracking, peel smooth, bright in color are for standard of plucking with the upper a small amount of fruit of homophyletic tree, by picking fruit Exposure to Sunlight 2 days, carry out immediately peeling off, getting seed, select physically well developed, full, without the Seed of Camellia oleifera 10250kg of damage by disease and insect, for subsequent use.On November 18th, 2013, select the smooth place of physical features in breeding garden, Guangxi forest-science academy, with plank as working as backplate, making wide 1.2m, enclosing high 30cm, the germination bed of the long 10m of bed.Germination bed bottom is layed in the wooden chaff after sterilization, thickness is 10 cm, to Seed of Camellia oleifera uniform spreading for subsequent use be chosen in vernalization matrix, Seed of Camellia oleifera zero lap phenomenon again, on Seed of Camellia oleifera, finally cover the wood of the sterilization chaff that 15 cm are thick, drench with clear water is disposable, cover one deck plastic foil, surrounding compresses, and opens plastic foil every 15 days, shower water, controlling germination bed water content is 20%.
Observed 1 time every 5 days after vernalization, result shows: vernalization 25 days visible seeds expose Baconic, within 45 days, expose plumule as seen afterwards.On February 15th, 2014, during vernalization 90 days, random searching 1000, radicel length reaches 958 of more than 5cm, accounts for 95.8 %, and the long 3 ~ 5cm of plumule is 31, does not germinate 11.Choosing length is that the plumule of 7 ~ 8cm plays anvil, carries out Nurse seed grafting.
Claims (3)
1. the method utilizing wooden chaff winter-spring season to cultivate oil tea stock, it is characterized in that: comprise seed collection, the making of germination bed, the preparation of vernalization matrix and presprouting of seeds operation, wooden chaff is adopted to be vernalization matrix, in annual spring in winter, vernalization is carried out to Seed of Camellia oleifera, can quickly breeding fuel-displaced tea Engraftment sprout stock wood, main operational steps is as follows:
Seed collection: annual 10 ~ November, when cracking, peel smooth, bright in color appear in the upper a small amount of Property of Tea oil Tree Fruit of homophyletic tree, directly from tea oil tree, manually pluck fruit, carry out stripping fruit immediately, get seed, choose physically well developed, full, without the Seed of Camellia oleifera of damage by disease and insect, for subsequent use;
The making of germination bed: select the smooth place of physical features, with plank as gear backplate, makes germination bed;
The preparation of vernalization matrix: evenly spray wooden chaff of drenching with the potassium permanganate that volumetric concentration is 0.5 %, holding wooden chaff has moist feeling but can obtain vernalization matrix without infiltration;
Presprouting of seeds: the wooden chaff after first step (2) being sterilized is layed in germination bed bottom, thickness is 10 cm, again step (1) is chosen Seed of Camellia oleifera uniform spreading for subsequent use in vernalization matrix, Seed of Camellia oleifera zero lap phenomenon, on Seed of Camellia oleifera, finally cover the wood of the sterilization chaff that 15 cm are thick, drench with clear water is disposable, cover one deck plastic foil, surrounding compresses, plastic foil is opened every 15 days, shower water, controlling germination bed water content is 10-20%, when bud seedling grows to 5 ~ 8 cm, can be used for grafting.
2. a kind of method utilizing wooden chaff to cultivate oil tea winter-spring season stock according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the bedside 1.0 ~ 1.2m of described germination bed, the height of bed 20 ~ 30cm, the long 5 ~ 10m of bed.
3. a kind of method utilizing wooden chaff to cultivate oil tea winter-spring season stock according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described wooden chaff is the discarded object of timber processing.
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Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107691157A (en) * | 2017-11-02 | 2018-02-16 | 佛山市高明区云大机械科技有限公司 | A kind of sweet potato method for culturing seedlings |
| CN109005733A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-12-18 | 安徽德昌苗木有限公司 | A kind of breeding method of camellia bud stocks |
| CN113692904A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-26 | 贵州黔西南喀斯特区域发展研究院(黔西南州农业林业科学研究院) | Method for storing camellia oleifera seeds and cultivating bud seedling stocks by using sawdust |
| CN115349362A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-11-18 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for grafting and seedling raising of tung tree bud stocks |
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| CN113692904A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-26 | 贵州黔西南喀斯特区域发展研究院(黔西南州农业林业科学研究院) | Method for storing camellia oleifera seeds and cultivating bud seedling stocks by using sawdust |
| CN115349362A (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2022-11-18 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for grafting and seedling raising of tung tree bud stocks |
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| CN115349362B (en) * | 2022-02-11 | 2023-09-15 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for grafting and raising seedlings of tung oil tree buds |
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