CN106105749A - A kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method - Google Patents
A kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106105749A CN106105749A CN201610625506.0A CN201610625506A CN106105749A CN 106105749 A CN106105749 A CN 106105749A CN 201610625506 A CN201610625506 A CN 201610625506A CN 106105749 A CN106105749 A CN 106105749A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G24/00—Growth substrates; Culture media; Apparatus or methods therefor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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Abstract
A kind of method that the invention discloses Folium Rhododendri Simsii cottage propagation, step is: with the mixture of peat, perlite and Vermiculitum as substrate；Gather the caulody of influences of plant crown band bud bud in autumn or early spring, be cut into the cutting of long 79 cm；Remove partial blade and cutting base portion carried out one side wound healing process, then with 100 mg L‑1IBA aqueous solution soaking cutting 16 h；Cuttage immediately after cutting process, seeding row spacing 8 × 8 cm, the cuttage degree of depth is the 2/3 of cutting length；Period of taking root uses automatic intermittent spraying system water supplement humidification, and temperature controls at 15.0 20.0 DEG C, relative humidity 85.0 95.0%, and every 14 d spraying fungicide 1 time.Present invention efficiently solves the problems such as squama Flos Caryophylli subgroup Cuculus polioephalus cuttage root-taking difficulty, rooting rate is low, root system is few, rooting rate is up to more than 90%, and well developed root system；The inventive method is simple, low cost, can be used for Folium Rhododendri Simsii industrialization nursery.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of plant propagation, be specifically related to a kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method.
Background technology
Folium Rhododendri Simsii refers to Ericaceae Rhododendron (Rhododendron L.) plant, be the big Alpine Wild Ornamental Plants in the world three and
One of big famous flower of Chinese tradition ten.China is origin and the geographical distribution center of world Folium Rhododendri Simsii, has initial species 571 kinds, wherein
Squama Flos Caryophylli subgroup (subsect.Maddenia) Cuculus polioephalus is had to be distributed 34 kinds；These subgroup Cuculus polioephalus strain shape grace, large flower and brilliant color, four seasons
Evergreen, there is high ornamental value and wide Landscape Application prospect.
Cuttage is lobule fallen leaves and the main propagation method of half evergreen class Cuculus polioephalus (Azalea), and widely used, but in originating in
The great Ye evergreen class Cuculus polioephalus cuttage root-taking difficulty in high mountain mountain region, uses seed propagation the most mostly.Although seeding and seedling raising line of breeding
Number is big, but growth of seedling is slow, blooming cycle is long, and Cuculus polioephalus natural hybridization probability is big, it is difficult to guarantee gene purity.Normal for great Ye
The green class Cuculus polioephalus nursery stock demand problems such as cuttage root-taking difficulty greatly, Some Species has been carried out cutting propagation examination by Chinese scholars in recent years
Test, find: cuttage root-taking is endogenous by cutting endogenous hormones, cofactor of taking root, nutrient level and activities of antioxidant enzymes etc.
The impact of the factor, and exogenous auxin scalable cutting physiological activity, inducible enzyme activity and cofactor change, thus promote thin
Born of the same parents' elongation, division and root restriction differentiation and Adventitious root initiation；Cutting time and cutting degree of lignification, the close phase of physiological feature
Closing, be the another key factor affecting plant cuttage root-taking, great majority research at present thinks that great Ye evergreen class Cuculus polioephalus should be in the autumn
Season cuttage.Due to great Ye evergreen class Cuculus polioephalus cuttage root-taking difficulty, relevant report is less the most both at home and abroad, and rooting rate is low, and technology is remote
Immature.
Flos Lilii viriduli Cuculus polioephalus (R.liliiflorum), Jiangxi Cuculus polioephalus (R.kiangsiense) is subordinate to Rhododendron squama Flos Caryophylli
Subgroup, for great Ye evergreen class shrub；Two kinds of Cuculus polioephalus plant branches are more, the compact pruning full, resistance to of plant type, twig, blade back and flower
By scale outside hat, floral white, tool fragrance, for making potted flower, potted landscape and the excellent materials of afforestation.Wherein, Flos Lilii viriduli Du
Cuckoo is widely distributed in Guangxi, Guizhou, Hunan and height above sea level 800-1800m hillside, Yunnan sparse woods, shrubbery, resource relatively horn of plenty；Shut out in Jiangxi
Cuckoo is Jiangxi endemic species, is sporadicly distributed under Wugong Shan Mountain, Jinggang Mountain, height above sea level 900-1500m hillside, Wuyi Mountain sparse woods, and stock number is dilute
Few, for provincial rare protection kind.Although these two kinds of Cuculus polioephalus ornamental values are high, wide market, but have no cottage propagation so far
Report, seriously constrain the child care of its resource and utilize with industrialization.
Summary of the invention
Folium Rhododendri Simsii research is Jiangxi Province, Chinese Academy of Sciences Lushan Botanical Garden discipline's orientation in Chinese Academy of Sciences's botanical garden system
With traditional advantage, bear the mission leading China's Folium Rhododendri Simsii child care with utilization.In view of the above problems, our the opening of system in recent years
Open up the cottage propagation test of tens of kinds of Folium Rhododendri Simsiis.The present invention seeks to solve the crucial skill of evergreen class Cuculus polioephalus cuttage root-taking difficulty
Art, it is provided that a kind of easy and simple to handle, practical, low cost, rooting rate is high, seedling root is good, can large-scale cultivation Folium Rhododendri Simsii (particularly
Have squama Flos Caryophylli subgroup Cuculus polioephalus) cuttage breeding method, to meet the increasing market demand.
The technical scheme is that a kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method, described Folium Rhododendri Simsii is that Rhododendron Subgenus has squama big
Flower subgroup Cuculus polioephalus, comprises the steps: that (1) seedbed is laid: seedbed bottom adds stone, cobblestone and slightly the most successively
Sand, rough sand is laid underground heat line, then lays the thick peat of 8-10cm, perlite and Vermiculitum mixed-matrix, water permeable；On seedbed
Build arc plastic greenhouse, be equipped with auto spraying facility in canopy, moveable sunshade net is set outside canopy；Finally spray bacterium more than 500 times
Substrate and surrounding enviroment are carried out disinfection by Lingshui Spring solution；(2) cutting collection and making: select age of tree 20-25, eugonic
The caulody that strain of growing up is luxuriant as gathering influences of plant crown band bud in mother plant for cutting, autumn or early spring, is cut into the cutting of long 7-9cm；Remove
Radical leaves, retains terminal bud and top vane 3-4 sheet, then cuts off 1/2-2/3 according to leaf blade size；Then cutting base portion is carried out
One side wound healing processes；(3) root-growing agent processes: use 100mg L-1Indolebutyric acid aqueous solution soaking cutting, natural air drying；(4) skewer
Insert and management: cutting process after cuttage immediately in the seedbed described in step (1), seeding row spacing 8 × 8cm, the cuttage degree of depth is cutting
The 2/3 of length, sprays permeable；Automatic intermittent spraying system water supplement humidification is used during test；Autumn Cutting seedbed uses ground hot line
Heating, spring, cuttage was not heated, and in canopy, temperature controls at 15.0-20.0 DEG C, relative humidity 85.0-95.0%；Remove Seedling in time
Bed fallen leaves and rotten cutting, and every 14d spraying fungicide 1 time.
Mixed-matrix volume ratio described in step (1) is peat+perlite+Vermiculitum=3:1:1.
Cutting collection described in step (2): mid or late October gathers semi-lignified raw then to lignifying transition branch,
Or early and middle ten days young sprout in April gathers the hard branch of lignifying of prior year before sprouting.
Cutting one side wound healing described in step (2) refers to prune with grafting knife the skin of the long 1.0-1.2cm in cutting base portion side
Layer and cambium layer.
Root-growing agent described in step (3) processes and refers to that cutting base portion 2.0cm soaks 16h in indolebutyric acid aqueous solution.
Automatic intermittent spraying described in step (4) is set to: daytime 2min/2h, evening 2min/4h；Autumn Cutting Seedling
Bed ground temperature is set to 20 DEG C；Sunshade is set to fine day sunshade 75%, cloudy day sunshade 50%, rainy day not sunshade.
Antibacterial described in step (4) is respectively with carbendazim or the thiophanate methyl of 1000 times of 500 times every 14d
Aqueous solution alternating spray 1 time.
It is an advantage of the current invention that: 1, the present invention solved squama Flos Caryophylli subgroup Cuculus polioephalus cuttage be difficult to take root, breeding potential low
Etc. a difficult problem, it is effectively increased rooting rate and quality of rooting；2, the present invention has broken traditional view on cutting time and (has thought great Ye
Evergreen class Cuculus polioephalus should cuttage in the fall), use prior year lignifying cuttage before early and middle ten days young sprout is sprouted April, significantly
Improve rooting rate (Flos Lilii viriduli Cuculus polioephalus rooting rate is up to 96.67%), and need not ground heat treatment, simplify operation sequence, fall
Low cost.3, the present invention is without special handling, and operation is simple, is the effective ways of Folium Rhododendri Simsii scale Fast-propagation,
It is particularly suitable for the industrialization nursery having squama Flos Caryophylli subgroup Cuculus polioephalus.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is further illustrated, but is not intended to limit the present invention.
Root-growing agent kind and the screening of concentration: in order to filter out the optimal root-growing agent kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage root-taking with dense
Degree, early stage has carried out substantial amounts of experimental study.Find, in root-growing agent kind: IBA (indolebutyric acid) induction Folium Rhododendri Simsii takes root effect
Fruit is significantly better than IAA, NAA, and 6-BA effect is worst；In IBA concentration, between different species, its optium concentration there are differences,
Flos Lilii viriduli Cuculus polioephalus, the concentration of most preferably taking root of Jiangxi Cuculus polioephalus are 100mg L-1Aqueous solution soaking cutting base portion 16h, not only rooting rate
Height, and quantity of taking root is many, root system good.To this end, the present invention uses 100mg L-1IBA aqueous solution process cutting.
Embodiment 1: the method for Flos Lilii viriduli Cuculus polioephalus cottage propagation, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1. seedbed is laid: seedbed is arranged in glasshouse, uses brick mix structure.Draining is reserved every 80cm bottom seedbed
1, hole, adds stone, cobblestone, rough sand the most successively, to increase draining and the aeration in seedbed；Above rough sand
Laying the mixed-matrix of the peat+perlite+Vermiculitum=3:1:1 volume ratio of thick 8-10cm, light pressure of raking makes seedbed smooth, irrigates
Water；For controlling epidemic disaster and the illumination of seedbed environment, seedbed is built arc plastic greenhouse, in canopy, be equipped with auto spraying facility, canopy
Outer moveable sunshade net is set；After seedbed completes, with 500 times of carbendazim aqueous solutions, substrate and surrounding enviroment are disappeared
Poison.
2. cutting collection and making: select about age of tree 20-25, eugonic Flos Lilii viriduli Cuculus polioephalus
(R.liliiflorum) adult strain is as mother plant for cutting, and early spring (Mount Lushan is mid-April) young sprout gathers in influences of plant crown before sprouting
Year, the hard branch of lignifying of robust growth, indoor are transported in water spray moisturizing in time back；Choose branch sturdy upright, without pest and disease damage, without flower
The sprig of bud (band bud bud), is cut into the cutting of long 8-9cm；Remove cutting radical leaves, retain terminal bud and top vane 3-4 sheet,
1/2-2/3 is cut off again, to reduce moisture evaporation according to leaf blade size；Cutting base portion side grafting knife is pruned long 1.0-1.2cm
Cortex and cambium layer, be beneficial to absorption and the calli induction of root-growing agent.
3. root-growing agent processes: use 100mg L-1IBA (indolebutyric acid) aqueous solution soaking cutting base portion (2.0cm) 16h,
Natural air drying.
4. cuttage and management: cuttage immediately after cutting process.First an aperture is drawn with small bamboo spike, to alleviate substrate pair during cuttage
The mechanical damage of cutting tissue；Seeding row spacing between cutting is 8 × 8cm, and the cuttage degree of depth is the 2/3 of cutting length, and after cuttage, spray is thoroughly
Water.During test use automatic intermittent spraying system water supplement humidification: daytime 2min/2h, evening, 2min/4h, gradually subtracted after 1 month
Spray water less number of times；Temperature of shed, intensity of illumination, according to weather condition, are ventilated by plastic greenhouse both sides and sunshade net regulation respectively
(in canopy, temperature controls at 15.0-20.0 DEG C, relative humidity 82.0-95.0%)；Pollute for reducing, remove in time seedbed fallen leaves and
Rot cutting, and every 14d thiophanate methyl aqueous solution alternating spray 1 time of the carbendazim of 500 times or 1000 times.
Using the inventive method cottage propagation Flos Lilii viriduli Cuculus polioephalus, Callus formation rate up to 100.00%, rooting rate reach
96.67%, root width 3.10cm.It is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2: the method for Jiangxi Cuculus polioephalus cottage propagation
Compared with Example 1, differing only in, the test material described in " step 2 " is Jiangxi Cuculus polioephalus
(R.kiangsiense)。
Using the inventive method cottage propagation Jiangxi Cuculus polioephalus, Callus formation rate up to 100.00%, rooting rate reach
76.67%, root width 1.82cm.It is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3: the method for Flos Lilii viriduli Cuculus polioephalus cottage propagation, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
1. seedbed is laid: seedbed is arranged in glasshouse, uses brick mix structure.Draining is reserved every 80cm bottom seedbed
1, hole, bottom lays stone, cobblestone, rough sand the most successively, to increase draining and the aeration in seedbed；Above coarse sand
Ground hot line is installed, to increase ground temperature；Then the mixed base of the peat+perlite+Vermiculitum=3:1:1 volume ratio of thick 8-10cm is laid
Matter, light pressure of raking makes seedbed smooth, waters permeable；For controlling epidemic disaster and the illumination of seedbed environment, seedbed is built arc plastics
Canopy, is equipped with auto spraying facility, arranges moveable sunshade net outside canopy in canopy；After seedbed completes, with 500 times of carbendazim water
Substrate and surrounding enviroment are carried out disinfection by solution.
2. cutting collection and making: select about age of tree 20-25, eugonic adult strain is as mother plant for cutting, autumn
Season (Mount Lushan is mid or late October) collection is given birth to semi-lignified then and is transported indoor in time back to lignifying transition branch, water spray moisturizing；Choosing
Take branch sturdy upright, without pest and disease damage, without the sprig of petal (band bud is luxuriant), be cut into the cutting of long 8-9cm；Remove cutting base portion leaf
Sheet, retains terminal bud and top vane 3-4 sheet, then cuts off 1/2-2/3 according to leaf blade size, to reduce moisture evaporation；Cutting base portion
Side grafting knife is pruned the cortex of long 1.0-1.2cm and cambium layer, is beneficial to absorption and the calli induction of root-growing agent.
3. root-growing agent processes: use 100mg L-1IBA (indolebutyric acid) aqueous solution soaking cutting base portion (2.0cm) 16h,
Natural air drying.
4. cuttage and management: cuttage immediately after cutting process.First an aperture is drawn with small bamboo spike, to alleviate substrate pair during cuttage
The mechanical damage of cutting tissue；Seeding row spacing between cutting is 8 × 8cm, and the cuttage degree of depth is the 2/3 of cutting length, and after cuttage, spray is thoroughly
Water.Due to Autumn Cutting, ground temperature is relatively low just as cold winter its phase of taking root, and is unfavorable for cutting physiological activity and callus
Being formed, take root, therefore use ground hot line to carry out seedbed and heat, ground temperature is set to 20 DEG C.Automatic intermittent spraying system is used during test
System moisturizing humidification: daytime 2min/2h, evening, 2min/4h, gradually decreased water spray number of times after 1 month；Temperature, intensity of illumination in canopy
According to weather condition, ventilated by plastic greenhouse both sides respectively and sunshade net regulation (in canopy, temperature controls at 15.0-20.0 DEG C, phase
To humidity 82.0-95.0%)；Pollute for reducing, remove in time seedbed fallen leaves and the cutting that rots, and every 14d is with many bacterium of 500 times
Spirit or the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution alternating spray 1 time of 1000 times.
Using the inventive method cottage propagation Flos Lilii viriduli Cuculus polioephalus, Callus formation rate 80.00%, rooting rate are up to
86.67%, root width 2.48cm.It is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 4: the method for Jiangxi Cuculus polioephalus cottage propagation
Compared with Example 3, differing only in, the test material described in " step 2 " is Jiangxi Cuculus polioephalus
(R.kiangsiense)。
Employing the inventive method cottage propagation Jiangxi Cuculus polioephalus, Callus formation rate only 40.00%, rooting rate 56.67%,
Root width only 0.77cm.It is shown in Table 1.
Table 1 cutting time multiple comparisons to two kinds of Cuculus polioephalus cuttage root-taking Index Influences
Table 1Multiple comparison of the effects cutting times on cutting
rooting parameters of two Rhododendron species
Continued Continued
Note: SP1=Flos Lilii viriduli Cuculus polioephalus, SP2=Jiangxi Cuculus polioephalus.Different lower cases represent different cutting time and species group
Between conjunction, there were significant differences (P < 0.05).
Note:SP1=Rh.liliiflorum, SP2=Rh.kiangsiense.Different small letters
indicate significant differences between different combinations of cutting
times and species(P<0.05).
The principle of above-described embodiment only illustrative present invention and process thereof, not for limiting the present invention.Any ripe
Above-described embodiment all can be modified under the spirit and the scope of the present invention or change by the personage knowing this technology.Cause
This, have usually intellectual such as complete with institute under technological thought without departing from disclosed spirit in art
All equivalences become are modified or change, and must be contained by the claim of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. a Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method, it is characterised in that described Folium Rhododendri Simsii is that Rhododendron Subgenus has squama Flos Caryophylli subgroup Cuculus polioephalus,
Comprise the steps:
(1) seedbed is laid: seedbed bottom adds stone, cobblestone and rough sand the most successively, rough sand is laid underground heat line, so
The thick peat of 8-10 cm of rear laying, perlite and Vermiculitum mixed-matrix, water permeable；Build arc plastic greenhouse on seedbed, join in canopy
Standby auto spraying facility, arranges moveable sunshade net outside canopy；Finally spray 500 times of carbendazim aqueous solutions to substrate and Zhou Bianhuan
Border carries out disinfection；
(2) cutting collection and making: select age of tree 20-25, eugonic adult strain as mother plant for cutting, autumn or early spring
Gather the caulody of influences of plant crown band bud bud, be cut into the cutting of long 7-9 cm；Remove radical leaves, retain terminal bud and top vane 3-
4, then cut off 1/2-2/3 according to leaf blade size；Then cutting base portion is carried out one side wound healing process；
(3) root-growing agent processes: with 100 mg L-1Indolebutyric acid aqueous solution soaking cutting, natural air drying；
(4) cuttage and management: cutting process after cuttage immediately in the seedbed described in step (1), seeding row spacing 8 × 8 cm, cuttage
The degree of depth is the 2/3 of cutting length, sprays permeable；Automatic intermittent spraying system water supplement humidification is used during test；Autumn Cutting seedbed
Using ground hot line to heat, spring, cuttage was not heated, and in canopy, temperature controls at 15.0-20.0 DEG C, relative humidity 85.0-95.0%；And
Time remove seedbed fallen leaves and the cutting that rots, and every 14d spraying fungicide 1 time.
A kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (1)
Mixed-matrix volume ratio is peat+perlite+Vermiculitum=3:1:1.
A kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (2)
Cutting gathers: the semi-lignified that mid or late October collection is given birth to then is to lignifying transition branch, or April, early and middle ten days young sprout was adopted before sprouting
The hard branch of lignifying of collection prior year.
A kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (2)
Cutting one side wound healing refers to prune the cortex of cutting base portion side long 1.0-1.2 cm and cambium layer with grafting knife.
A kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the life described in step (3)
Root agent processes and refers to that cutting base portion 2.0 cm soaks 16 h in indolebutyric acid aqueous solution.
A kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (4)
Automatic intermittent spraying is set to: daytime 2 min/2 h, evening 2 min/4 h；Autumn Cutting seedbed ground temperature is set to 20 DEG C；Hide
Sun is set to fine day sunshade 75%, cloudy day sunshade 50%, rainy day not sunshade.
A kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (4)
Antibacterial is respectively with the thiophanate methyl aqueous solution alternating spray 1 time of the carbendazim of 500 times or 1000 times every 14 d.
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