CN108029359B - Rhododendron open field cuttage method - Google Patents
Rhododendron open field cuttage method Download PDFInfo
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- CN108029359B CN108029359B CN201711283581.4A CN201711283581A CN108029359B CN 108029359 B CN108029359 B CN 108029359B CN 201711283581 A CN201711283581 A CN 201711283581A CN 108029359 B CN108029359 B CN 108029359B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
- C05F3/00—Fertilisers from human or animal excrements, e.g. manure
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of flower cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for open-field cutting of rhododendron. Aiming at the problem of low survival rate of the open-field cutting propagation of rhododendron, the technical scheme provided by the invention is to perform cutting through 4 steps: [1] soil treatment: applying fertilizer to soil, deeply ploughing the soil to mix original soil with the fertilizer, watering, spraying disinfectant, and finally opening the box and ridging; [2] and (3) cutting treatment: cutting the current-year semi-lignified rhododendron twigs as cutting slips, and disinfecting the cut cutting slips; [3] cuttage: vertically inserting the treated cutting slips into soil, leaving 1-2cm of the cutting slips exposed out of the ground, and ensuring that the leaves are exposed out of the ground, wherein the cutting density is 8cm multiplied by 10 cm; [4] managing after cuttage: after cutting, covering an arched shed above the cutting slips, covering a sunshade net when the sun is high, keeping the temperature in the arched shed at 18-25 ℃, keeping the air humidity above 80%, and spraying a disinfectant for 1 time every 7 days until the cutting slips root. The method is suitable for cultivating the rhododendron.
Description
Field of the method
The invention belongs to the technical field of flower cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for open-field cutting of rhododendron.
Background method
The rhododendron propagation can be carried out by methods such as cuttage, grafting, layering, plant division, sowing and the like, wherein the cuttage has the advantages of convenient operation and capability of keeping the same gene and preventing degeneration, and is the most used propagation method. The open field cuttage can fully utilize land resources, and the cuttage quantity is large.
However, the open field cutting of rhododendron requires special soil and growing environment, and the rhododendron is difficult to root if the rhododendron is not well combined with the soil. And in the seedling raising process, the section of the cutting slip is in direct contact with soil, so that the cutting slip is easily infected with germs and suffers from insect pests if the disinfection work is not performed. Therefore, the survival rate of rhododendron propagation in a cutting mode is low, which brings difficulty to large-scale cutting cultivation of rhododendron and influences the economic benefit of rhododendron cultivation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that the survival rate is low due to the fact that the control of the open field cutting propagation of rhododendron is difficult to control soil and growth environment, the invention provides an open field cutting method of rhododendron, and the open field cutting method aims to: the survival rate of rhododendron cutting propagation is improved through strict condition control.
The method scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
an open field cutting method for rhododendron comprises the following steps:
[1] preparing a substrate: applying fertilizer to soil, deeply ploughing the soil to mix original soil with the fertilizer, watering, spraying disinfectant, and finally opening the box and ridging;
[2] and (3) cutting treatment: cutting the current-year semi-lignified rhododendron twigs as cutting slips, wherein the length of the cutting slips is 5-7cm, only 2-3 leaves on the upper part are left, and disinfecting the cut cutting slips;
[3] cuttage: vertically inserting the treated cutting slips into soil, leaving 1-2cm of the cutting slips exposed out of the ground, and ensuring that the leaves are exposed out of the ground, wherein the cutting density is 8cm multiplied by 10 cm;
[4] managing after cuttage: after cutting, covering an arched shed above the cutting slips, covering a sunshade net when the sun is high, keeping the temperature in the arched shed at 18-25 ℃, keeping the air humidity above 80%, and spraying a disinfectant for 1 time every 7 days until the cutting slips root.
After the technical scheme is adopted, because the soil and the cutting slips are disinfected before cuttage, and the temperature and the humidity of the environment are strictly controlled by totally closing the arched shed and are disinfected at regular intervals in the later management process, the environment which is most beneficial to the roots of the rhododendron and the peanut is effectively maintained, and meanwhile, the virus propagation is inhibited to prevent diseases, so that the rooting rate after cuttage is very high. In addition, the direct totally-enclosed cuttage management of the arched shed has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, labor cost reduction and convenience for industrial production. Because the proper environmental conditions are controlled, the high rooting rate can be achieved without using a rooting agent to soak the cutting slips, and the production cost is lower.
Preferably, the method is carried out 3 or 9 months of the year. The root of the rhododendron is most beneficial under the condition of the season, and the cuttage survival rate is highest at the moment.
Preferably, after the ridging and the compartment opening are finished in the step [1], each ridge is completely covered by the mulching film. The mulching film can keep the temperature and the moisture of the soil, so that the control of the later environmental conditions is easier; in addition, the concentration of oxygen in the soil is reduced after the mulching film is covered, so that the insect eggs can be effectively killed.
Preferably, the disinfectant in the steps [1] and [4] is 800 times of chlorothalonil wettable powder, namely, a solution prepared from the chlorothalonil wettable powder and water according to the mass ratio of 1: 800.
Preferably, the step [2] of disinfecting the cutting is to soak the cut cutting in 2 mass percent thiophanate methyl for 15 min.
In the preferred scheme, the soil and the cutting slips have single disinfectant component but good effect, and have the advantages of simplifying the process of preparing the disinfectant and reducing the cost.
Preferably, the fertilizer composition and the application amount in the step [1] are as follows: 1500 kg/mu of wormcast, 200 kg/mu of sawmilling ash and 200 kg/mu of turfy soil.
The wormcast is a product formed after the earthworms eat the pig manure, the wormcast is rich in organic matters, and the wormcast is used as a fertilizer, so that the use amount of fertilizers such as turfy soil, organic fertilizers and the like can be reduced. The use of the wormcast can widen the resource utilization rate of the wormcast, reduce the environmental pollution, protect the ecological environment, realize the recycling of natural resources and low-carbon circulation, and reduce the production cost, thereby increasing the economic benefit. The sawn timber ash is waste material used in industry for waste utilization, and has the advantages of low cost, convenient purchase and the like.
In summary, due to the adoption of the above method scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. because the soil and the cutting slips are disinfected before cuttage, and the temperature and the humidity of the environment are strictly controlled by totally closing the arched shed and regularly disinfected in the later management process, the environment which is most beneficial to the roots of the rhododendron and the peanut is effectively maintained, and simultaneously virus propagation is inhibited to prevent diseases, so that the rooting rate after cuttage is very high. In addition, the direct totally-enclosed cuttage management of the arched shed has the advantages of simple and convenient operation, labor cost reduction and convenience for industrial production.
2. The cuttage technology usually uses a rooting agent with high price, and the invention can reach high rooting rate without using the rooting agent to soak the cutting slips due to the control of proper environmental conditions, so that the operation is simpler and more convenient, and the production cost is lower.
3. The cutting slips are the annual semi-lignified branches of the female parent, and the survival rate of the adopted cutting is high.
4. The method is implemented in 3 or 9 last ten days per year. The root of the rhododendron is most beneficial under the condition of the season, and the cuttage survival rate is highest at the moment.
5. The mulching films are covered on the ridges, so that the temperature and the moisture of the soil can be kept, and the later environmental conditions are easier to control; in addition, the concentration of oxygen in the soil is reduced after the mulching film is covered, so that the insect eggs can be effectively killed.
6. The soil and cutting slips disinfectant has single component but good effect, and has the advantages of simplifying the process of preparing the disinfectant and reducing the cost.
7. The use of the wormcast can widen the resource utilization rate of the wormcast, reduce the environmental pollution, protect the ecological environment, realize the recycling of natural resources and low-carbon circulation, and reduce the production cost, thereby increasing the economic benefit.
8. The sawn timber ash is waste material used in industry for waste utilization, and has the advantages of low cost, convenient purchase and the like.
9. The method is a method for cultivating rhododendron in the open field, can fully utilize land resources, has large cuttage quantity and is simple and convenient to operate.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Example 1
An open-field cutting method for azalea flowers, which is implemented in 3 last ten days, comprises the following steps:
[1] soil treatment: applying 1500 kg/mu of wormcast, 200 kg/mu of sawmilling dust and 200 kg/mu of turfy soil to planting soil, and then deeply turning the soil by 30cm to fully and uniformly mix the raw soil and other materials; watering thoroughly, and then disinfecting the soil; then, ridging, wherein the width of each ridge is 80cm, and the ridge distance is 20 cm;
[2] and (3) cutting treatment: cutting the current-year semi-lignified rhododendron twigs which grow vigorously and have no diseases and insect pests as cutting slips, keeping the length of the cutting slips at 5-7cm, only reserving 2-3 leaves at the upper part, and disinfecting the cut cutting slips;
[3] cuttage: vertically inserting the treated cutting slips into soil, only leaving 1-2cm of cutting slips exposed out of the ground, and ensuring that the leaves are exposed out of the ground, wherein the cutting density is 8cm multiplied by 10 cm;
[4] managing after cuttage: after cuttage, inserting bamboo strips on the upper part of soil, covering an arched shed, covering a sunshade net when the sun is big to prevent sunburn, paying attention to the fact that the temperature in the shed is kept at 18-25 ℃, the air humidity is more than 80%, spraying 1 time of disinfectant every 7 days, paying attention to timely weed prevention, enabling the rooting time to be about 50 days, and enabling the rooting rate to be more than 98%.
Example 2
The method for cutting the azalea in the open air comprises the following steps:
[1] soil treatment: applying 1500 kg/mu of wormcast, 200 kg/mu of sawmilling dust and 200 kg/mu of turfy soil to planting soil, and then deeply turning the soil by 30cm to fully and uniformly mix the raw soil and other materials; watering thoroughly, and then disinfecting the soil by using 800 times of liquid of chlorothalonil wettable powder: then, ridging, wherein the width of each ridge is 80cm, and the ridge distance is 20 cm; covering with mulching film in ridges to kill ova and maintain soil moisture and temperature;
[2] and (3) cutting treatment: cutting the current-year semi-lignified rhododendron twigs which grow vigorously and have no diseases and insect pests as cutting slips, keeping the length of the cutting slips at 5-7cm, only keeping 2-3 leaves at the upper part, and soaking the cut cutting slips in 2 mass percent thiophanate methyl for 15 min;
[3] cuttage: vertically inserting the treated cutting slips into soil, only leaving 1-2cm of cutting slips exposed out of the ground, and ensuring that the leaves are exposed out of the ground, wherein the cutting density is 8cm multiplied by 10 cm;
[4] managing after cuttage: after cuttage, inserting bamboo strips on the upper part of soil, covering an arched shed, covering a sunshade net when the sun is big, preventing sunburn, paying attention to the fact that the temperature in the shed is kept at 18-25 ℃, the air humidity is more than 80%, spraying 800 times of chlorothalonil wettable powder every 7 days, paying attention to timely weed control, enabling the rooting time to be about 50 days, and enabling the rooting rate to be more than 98%.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the method of the present application, which fall within the scope of the present application.
Claims (4)
1. The method for cutting the rhododendron in the open field is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
[1] soil treatment: applying fertilizer to soil, deeply ploughing the soil to mix original soil with the fertilizer, watering, spraying disinfectant, and finally opening the box and ridging;
[2] and (3) cutting treatment: cutting the current-year semi-lignified rhododendron twigs as cutting slips, wherein the length of the cutting slips is 5-7cm, only 2-3 leaves on the upper part are left, and disinfecting the cut cutting slips;
[3] cuttage: vertically inserting the treated cutting slips into soil, leaving 1-2cm of the cutting slips exposed out of the ground, and ensuring that the leaves are exposed out of the ground, wherein the cutting density is 8cm multiplied by 10 cm;
[4] managing after cuttage: after cutting, covering an arched shed above the cutting slips, covering a sunshade net when the sun is high, keeping the temperature in the arched shed at 18-25 ℃, keeping the air humidity above 80%, and spraying a disinfectant for 1 time every 7 days until the cutting slips root;
after the ridging and the compartment opening are finished in the step (1), each ridge is completely covered by a mulching film; the fertilizer composition and the application amount in the step [1] are as follows: 1500 kg/mu of wormcast, 200 kg/mu of sawmilling ash and 200 kg/mu of turfy soil.
2. The method for cutting rhododendron in the open field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method is implemented in 3 or 9 last ten days per year.
3. The method for cutting rhododendron in the open field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the disinfectant in the steps [1] and [4] is 800 times of chlorothalonil wettable powder.
4. The method for cutting rhododendron in the open field according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (3) the process of disinfecting the cutting slips in the step (2) is to soak the cut cutting slips in thiophanate methyl with the mass percentage concentration of 2% for 15 min.
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| CN201711283581.4A CN108029359B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | Rhododendron open field cuttage method |
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| CN201711283581.4A CN108029359B (en) | 2017-12-06 | 2017-12-06 | Rhododendron open field cuttage method |
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| CN108029359B true CN108029359B (en) | 2020-04-07 |
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| CN109121768A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2019-01-04 | 舒城县中兴园艺场 | A kind of method of the western cuckoo cuttage in Anhui |
Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102498899A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 云南云科花卉有限公司 | Method for cuttage propagation of rhododendron lapponicum |
| CN104381003A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-04 | 湖南省森林植物园 | Cutting propagation method of rhododendron rivulare |
| CN104541838A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-04-29 | 余大春 | Azalea cuttage breeding technique |
| CN106105749A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-16 | 江西省·中国科学院庐山植物园 | A kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method |
| CN106358511A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 平顶山学院 | Cuttage cultivation method for azalea |
| CN107318421A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-07 | 武汉市农业科学技术研究院林业果树科学研究所 | The cuttage breeding method of summer high temperature area Japan cuckoo |
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2017
- 2017-12-06 CN CN201711283581.4A patent/CN108029359B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102498899A (en) * | 2011-11-15 | 2012-06-20 | 云南云科花卉有限公司 | Method for cuttage propagation of rhododendron lapponicum |
| CN104541838A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2015-04-29 | 余大春 | Azalea cuttage breeding technique |
| CN104381003A (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2015-03-04 | 湖南省森林植物园 | Cutting propagation method of rhododendron rivulare |
| CN106105749A (en) * | 2016-08-03 | 2016-11-16 | 江西省·中国科学院庐山植物园 | A kind of Folium Rhododendri Simsii cuttage breeding method |
| CN106358511A (en) * | 2016-08-25 | 2017-02-01 | 平顶山学院 | Cuttage cultivation method for azalea |
| CN107318421A (en) * | 2017-07-10 | 2017-11-07 | 武汉市农业科学技术研究院林业果树科学研究所 | The cuttage breeding method of summer high temperature area Japan cuckoo |
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