CN1748462A - Green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle - Google Patents
Green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle Download PDFInfo
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- CN1748462A CN1748462A CNA2005100104478A CN200510010447A CN1748462A CN 1748462 A CN1748462 A CN 1748462A CN A2005100104478 A CNA2005100104478 A CN A2005100104478A CN 200510010447 A CN200510010447 A CN 200510010447A CN 1748462 A CN1748462 A CN 1748462A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The present invention relates to green branch cuttage breeding method for Lonicera caergdeal, and belongs to asexual propagation technology of plant. Cutting shoot is taken from available Lonicera caergdeal mother tree. The green branch cuttage breeding method includes the following steps: preparing planting bed and apparatus, sorting cutting shoot and determining planting time and method, seedling management and winter management. The method has seedling survival rate as high as 85 %, and can obtain young seeding of height over 30cm and developed root system in the same year for transplanting. The method features low cost, simple operation, and high seedling survival rate.
Description
[affiliated technical field]
The present invention relates to Lonicera edulis vegetative propagation technique field, particularly a kind of green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle.
[background technology]
Lonicera edulis (Lonicera caerulea) is called for short the indigo fruit, belongs to the Caprifoliaceae Lonicera, for soft fruits undershrub fruit tree, is distributed in the former Soviet Union, China, Japan and Korea.China since last century the eighties utilize wild fruit processing fruit wine and beverage, be popular.The former Soviet Union has carried out the breeding work of five more than ten years, selects more than 60 kind.China introduces 10 kinds by gardening institute of Northeast Agricultural University from some R﹠D institutions of Russia in calendar year 2001, observe by research, a lot of local cultivations all show advantages such as adaptability is strong, good, the no freeze injury of growing, no damage by disease and insect to Lonicera edulis on cold ground.These kinds are compared with China's wild resource, have advantages such as big fruit, high yield, high-quality, are fit to process and eat raw.Especially Lonicera edulis contains flavonoid class physiological activators such as profuse anthocyan, has also medical value of very high nourishing healthy, and a lot of enterprises prepare large tracts of land and plant.
But owing to lack suitable propagation method, limited the popularization of this emerging rare tree at present.By experimental study, big with seminal propagation offspring variation amplitude, can not keep the improved seeds characteristic.Its plant is that shrub again can not grafting.Japan adopts tissue culture propagating, but fund input and technical difficulty are big, and group is trained the cost height and is difficult for grasping and utilization.
Russia carries out the green wood cutting breeding in booth, utilization atomizing cuttage device and root-growing agent, and this has the input cost height equally, the problem of technical management difficulty.Prior art by retrieval, 2003103444.8) and " a kind of Folium llicis Latifoliae cuttage and seedling culture method " (application number: patent application such as 03151068.X) domestic existing " Chinese catalpa green wood cutting asexual rapid propagation method " (application number:, described breeding of above-mentioned technology and seedling-cultivating method process are basic identical, but, particularly on the links such as canopy film structure, Temperature and Humidity Control, overwintering technology obvious difference is arranged at some concrete key techniques because there is very big-difference in selected seeds area different and cultivation.At present for Lonicera edulis breeding do not find out also that reproduction speed is fast, method is simple and easy, small investment, easy to operate, effective ways that survival rate is high.
[summary of the invention]
The objective of the invention is to solve the deficiency of Lonicera edulis propagation method in the past, for northern cold ground area provides a kind of small investment, simple to operate, reproduction speed is fast, survival rate is high green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems may further comprise the steps:
Adopt double-deck canopy film shed, on to cover the sunshade net be minimum facility, make slotting machine with the matrix that the peat composed of rotten mosses, sand and table soil mix; In cuttage period, cut plugged ear and put into the container that is filled with water, with inserting with getting; Regularly water the underground water of natural preheating after the cuttage, take the to preserve moisture ventilation and the measure of shading promote growth; Process of growth also will according to circumstances be taked weeding, diseases prevention, insect protected measure; Carry out overwinter management when going into the winter.
Among the present invention, slotting machine matrix gas permeability and good water-retaining property, thickness is 5-7cm, and the optimum volume ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses, fine sand and table soil is 1: 1: 1, and the rotten degree of the peat composed of rotten mosses should be light.
Among the present invention, shed can be split with other material with reinforcing bar, bamboo and make, and highly is 0.6m, wide 1.3m, and long 3m, the 0.5-0.6m place establishes shading shed apart from the shed top.
Among the present invention, cuttage is chosen in late May to early June period, and the plugged ear of clip is given birth to branch for good with the sturdy base that has just bound on the elite stand, and cutting length is preferably 4-6cm, band 2-4 sheet mature leaf.
Among the present invention, under the situation that slotting machine matrix is loosened, plugged ear directly can be inserted matrix, degree of depth 2-3cm, seeding row spacing 7-8 * 10-12cm, to vertical, the blade on each plugged ear is parallel to each other, blade and face of land 1-2cm distance with capable for blade.
Among the present invention, the water temperature in the pond of natural preheating is used for water spray after the cuttage in 15-25 ℃ of scope.
Among the present invention, after cuttage initial 7 days, early respectively watered water 1 time every day evening at noon, and after the cuttage 8-30 days, spray water every day 2 times, after this water the water spacer fate and take the circumstances into consideration to increase, the number of times that waters reduces, and should increase but water the water yield.
Among the present invention, cuttage (was inserted back about 25 days) before not taking root and should be paid special attention to keep air humidity more than 80%, and soil humidity is suitable, behind the part cuttage rooting, should begin to ventilate, time at ventilation initial stage is easily short, extends gradually later on, should remove the canopy film behind most of cuttage rooting.
Among the present invention, cuttage begins and should in time shade, and daytime, temperature of shed was no more than 30 ℃.
Among the present invention, diseases prevention, insect protected are noted in weeding in time after the cuttage, can spray the routed 1500 times of aqueous solution control of cloth bacterium when leaf spot takes place, and soil insects such as mole cricket are stirred ripe corn flour with 100 times of chlorophos solution or wheat bran is made period poison bait.
Among the present invention, northern area can be at late October fallen leaves backs lifting, can 50 strain a bundles, heel in the field, and to bury about native thick 10cm on the seedling bundle, transplant in the field next early April-the middle ten days in spring.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the survival rate height of seedling, can reach more than 85%, transplanting survival rate surpasses 95%; Nursery stock can go out the garden then, and more than the Gao Keda 30cm, seedling raise period shortens greatly, and reproductive efficiency obviously improves.
[embodiment]
Embodiment 1:
One. shed
Shed can be manufactured with reinforcing bar, and it highly is 0.6m, wide 1.3m, and long 3m, this shed is durable, is convenient to move.Also available bamboo is split son and does shed.Multiple double-layer plastic canopy film above the shed.Up establish shading shed apart from the about 0.5～0.6m in shed top place again, shading shed is made up of iron support, iron wire and sunshade net.
Two. slotting machine
(1) slotting machine specification slotting machine thing prolongs, long 20m, and the wide 1.2m of bed surface, two 0.7m at interval, bed surface is little to be higher than the former face of land, and bed soil is in small, broken bits, and it is smooth to loosen.
(2) matrix on slotting machine matrix bed surface top layer mixes with the peat composed of rotten mosses, fine sand and table soil, and its volume ratio is 1: 1: 1, mixes thoroughly, is laid on the slotting machine top layer, thickness 5～7cm.
The rotten degree of the peat composed of rotten mosses is suitable light, and sand should be silty sand, and table soil should be in small, broken bits, and three institute matrix prepared has air permeability and good and moisture capacity.
Three. the preheating pond
Underground water (well water) temperature has only about 9 ℃, and temperature is on the low side, sprays this water and is unfavorable for cuttage rooting.Therefore, this test is provided with the natural preheating pond, and water temperature roughly maintains in 15～25 ℃ of scopes.Use for water spray after the cuttage.
Four. plugged ear is prepared
It is best that living sturdy of the base that has just bound of clip growth is done cutting, and from the plugged ear that this cutting is cut, its blade of being with has all become age, and green nutrition is than horn of plenty, and sprouting sprouts the plugged ear morning all tender with root generation newly.
Cutting will be immersed base portion in the water with using with cutting, and avoids dehydration.Long 4～the 6cm of plugged ear is with 2～4 leaves, and green branch middle and lower part blade is normal, and blade can stay 2 leaves greatly, and green branch top vane is little, can stay several more, even more than 4.The plugged ear that shears off is put into the container that is filled with water, with inserting with getting, but can not soaking time long.
Five. cottage method
(1) cuttage period
Cuttage period is the best with late May～early June.Interior during this period urgent.Early insert temperature, all control easily of humidity in the shed, plugged ear is in the safe environment, helps improving survival rate.In addition, preferably select cloudy day or the lower weather of temperature during cuttage.Late May need cooperate the greenhouse Lonicera edulis of planting during green wood cutting, to cultivate elite stand in advance, for the usefulness of clip plugged ear.The early June cuttage can be transplanted a cutting by the field clip.
(2) cottage method fully waters for slotting machine in the same day or the previous day of cuttage, still keeps bed surface smooth after watering.Under the situation that slotting machine matrix is loosened, plugged ear directly can be inserted matrix, about the degree of depth 2～3cm, seeding row spacing 7～8 * 10～12cm, to vertical, the blade on each plugged ear is parallel to each other with capable for blade, blade does not suffer the face of land (stromal surface), with the face of land distance of 1～2cm is arranged.If matrix is coarse, hardness is excessive, the thin waddy of Ying Xianyong draws and inserts plugged ear again after inserting.
Six. manage after the cuttage
Should to make moisture soak into matrix with inserting with water spray, and and then multiple double-deck canopy film button shed, when sunny temperature is higher, also to cover the sunshade net thereon.After the cuttage of whole bed finished, canopy film periphery was wanted compacting, avoids ventilative, to preserve moisture.For watering conveniently, compactings such as brick, flitch can be used in the north side of canopy film.After this main management has following youngster aspect:
(1) waters after the cuttage and early respectively to spray water one time evening at noon 7 day every day, spray 2 times water 8～30 day every day.After the cuttage 30 days, exhausted big portion plugged ear was all taken root, can remove the canopy mould, performs physical exercise.All remove the canopy mould after a few days, evaporation discharge strengthens after removing film, and number of times is few though water this moment, waters the water yield and should strengthen.The available water pipe in back grow tall slightly along the bed flood irrigation in cuttage seeding.
(2) preserve moisture and the skewer fringe (insert back about 25 days) before not taking root that ventilates should be specifically noted that and keeps air humidity (more than 80%) and soil humidity, otherwise easily make plugged ear death.Should begin to ventilate behind the part cuttage rooting, the time at initial stage of ventilating should lack, and extends gradually later on, should remove the canopy film behind most of cuttage rooting.
(3) shade behind the multiple duplicature of cuttage button canopy, temperature of shed sharply rises, and through being everlasting more than 40 ℃, burns seedling easily, therefore begins just to must be noted that the cooling of in time shading by cuttage, makes daytime temperature of shed be no more than 30 ℃.Should shade June when the Border in Harbin Area sunny day in general about 9 o'clock, removed the thing that shades up to 16～17 o'clock.Overcast and rainyly do not shade.When removing the canopy film, shading shed is also wanted corresponding removing.
(4) have a large amount of weeds after the weeding cuttage in about 20 days and take place, should select overcast and rainy weeding as far as possible.After this also will be according to weeds growth and decline situation weeding 2～3 times.
(5) diseases prevention, insect protected can be sprayed the routed 1500 times of aqueous solution of cloth bacterium and prevent and treat because leaf spot is easily taken place the interior high humidity of canopy during morbidity.Main insect pest has mole cricket during the button canopy, should stir ripe corn flour with 100 times of chlorophos solution and make poison bait, is stacked in the canopy in the dusk time-division and traps and kills.
(6) remove management behind the shed
The cutting survival seedling is being removed the shed initial stage, because root system is few and shallow, drought-resistant ability is poor, thus to often water according to the soil moisture situation, along with cuttage seeding is become strong gradually, the corresponding minimizing of the number of times that waters.Insect pest seldom, but some field piece will be paid special attention to causing harm of control of grubs.
(7) overwinter management
Late October fallen leaves backs lifting, 50 strains, 1 bundle is planted in the field, buries the thick 10～15cm of soil on the seedling bundle.Transplant in the field next early April～the middle ten days in spring.
Embodiment 2: cutting time is selected in the mid-June and the last ten-days period, and compare just cuttage with embodiment 1 late partially period, and all the other operations of seedling raising process are identical with embodiment 1.Then seedling is very little then inclined to one side evening for cutting time, so lifting is not directly survived the winter on the seedbed.Water freeze-up water in late October before surviving the winter, again with coverings such as stalk or weeds, the next spring (late April) removes covering after a few days, grows on the spot 1 year, and autumn or next year go out the garden transplant or field planting spring then.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle is characterized in that, this method comprises following working procedure: adopt double-deck canopy film shed, on to cover the sunshade net be minimum facility, make slotting machine with the matrix that the peat composed of rotten mosses, sand and table soil mix; In cuttage period, cut plugged ear and put into the container that is filled with water, with inserting with getting; Regularly water natural preheating underground water after the cuttage, take the to preserve moisture ventilation and the measure of shading promote growth; Process of growth also will according to circumstances be taked weeding, diseases prevention, insect protected measure; Carry out overwinter management when going into the winter.
As claims 1 described green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle, it is characterized in that 2, described shed can be split with other material with reinforcing bar, bamboo and make, highly be 0.6m, wide 1.3m, long 3m, on cover double-deck canopy film, the 0.5-0.6m place establishes shading shed apart from the shed top.
3, as claims 1 described green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle, it is characterized in that, described slotting machine matrix gas permeability and good water-retaining property, thickness is 5-7cm, and the optimum volume ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses, fine sand and table soil is 1: 1: 1, and the rotten degree of the peat composed of rotten mosses is suitable light.
4, as claims 1 described green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle, it is characterized in that described cuttage is chosen in late May to early June period, it is best that the sturdy living branch of the base that has just bound of clip growth is done cutting, cutting length is preferably 4-6cm, band 2-4 sheet mature leaf.
5, as claim 1,4 described green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle, it is characterized in that, under the situation that slotting machine matrix is loosened, plugged ear directly can be inserted matrix, degree of depth 2-3cm, seeding row spacing 7-8 * 10-12cm, blade with the row to vertical, blade on each plugged ear is parallel to each other, blade and face of land 1-2cm distance.
6, as claims 1 described green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle, it is characterized in that, water temperature in the pond of natural preheating is in 15-25 ℃ of scope, after cuttage initial 7 days, early respectively spray 1 time water every day evening at noon, after the cuttage 8-30 days, spray water every day 2 times, after this most plugged ears are taken root, water the water spacer fate and take the circumstances into consideration to increase, the number of times that waters reduces, and should strengthen but water the water yield at every turn, cuttage (was inserted back about 25 days) before not taking root and should be paid special attention to keep air humidity more than 80%, soil humidity is suitable, should begin to ventilate behind the part cuttage rooting, and the time at initial stage of ventilating is easily short, extend gradually later on, behind most of cuttage rooting, should remove the canopy film.
As claims 1,6 described green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle, it is characterized in that 7, cuttage begins and should in time shade, daytime, temperature of shed was no more than 30 ℃.
8, as claims 1,6 described green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle, it is characterized in that, should be after the cuttage in overcast and rainy timely weeding, note diseases prevention, insect protected, can spray the routed 1500 times of aqueous solution control of cloth bacterium when leaf spot takes place, the primary pest mole cricket is stirred ripe corn flour with 100 times of chlorophos solution or wheat bran is made period poison bait.
As claims 1 described green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle, it is characterized in that 9, northern area can be at late October fallen leaves back lifting, can 50 strain a bundles, heel in the field, bury about native thick 10cm on the seedling bundle, next early April in spring transplanted in the field to the middle ten days.
10, as claims 1 described green branch cuttage breeding method for indigo fruit honeysuckle, it is characterized in that cutting time also can be selected in the mid-June and the last ten-days period since cutting time then seedling is very little then inclined to one side evening, so lifting is not directly survived the winter on the seedbed.Water freeze-up water in late October before surviving the winter, again with coverings such as stalk or weeds, the next spring (late April) removes covering after a few days, grows on the spot 1 year, and autumn or next year go out the garden transplant or field planting spring then.
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| CN102369835A (en) * | 2011-09-04 | 2012-03-14 | 成都市神农农业投资有限公司 | Vegetative propagation method of honeysuckle |
| CN102405759A (en) * | 2011-10-05 | 2012-04-11 | 重庆市秀山红星中药材开发有限公司 | Cuttage seedling culturing method for branch culture of honeysuckle |
| CN102577969A (en) * | 2012-03-08 | 2012-07-18 | 重庆文理学院 | Breeding method of tissue culture seedling of lonicera macranthoides Yulei No.1 |
| CN102640630A (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2012-08-22 | 北京灏銮科技发展有限公司 | Transplanting survival keeping method for honeysuckle |
| CN102657021A (en) * | 2012-05-31 | 2012-09-12 | 山东潍坊东盛园艺有限公司 | Mist cutting cultivation method using blueleaf honeysuckle shoots |
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