Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: a kind of blue leaf honeysuckle spray atomizing cottage breeding method is provided, for blue leaf honeysuckle spray provides suitable growing environment, improves survival rate, shorten cultivation period.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of blue leaf honeysuckle spray atomizing cottage breeding method comprises the following steps
(1) seedbed is set: arrange on , seedbed, desk-top seedbed cutting medium is set in seedling growth greenhouse;
(2) select cuttage period: 5-7 month is carried out cuttage;
(3) clip of cuttings and processing: clip cuttings on the normal blue leaf honeysuckle maternal plant that grows, before cuttage, the cuttings base portion to be dipped in the culture fluid that concentration is 50-100mg/L, the processing time is 24-48h;
(4) cuttage: before the cuttings cuttage, first on seedbed, punch, then, by the cuttings patchhole, once water permeable after cuttage;
(5) seedbed management: before the cuttings callus forms, every day to the spraying of cuttings batch (-type) repeatedly; After the cuttings callus forms, reduce the spraying number of times; Make cutting medium keep moistening, seedling bed temperature is controlled at 18-26 ℃; Until emerge in 2-3 month.
As preferably, in described step (1), cutting medium is perlite, and described perlitic thickness is 0.4-0.5m.
As preferably, in described step (3), cutting length is 10-12cm, be with 1-3 bud, and terminal bud is apart from pushing up a mouth 0.8-1.0cm.
As preferably, in described step (4), the cuttage degree of depth of cuttings is 2-3cm, and seeding row spacing is 3cm*3cm; During cuttage, make cuttings to same direction oblique cutting.
As preferably, in described step (5), the cuttings after cuttage is sprayed while processing, before the cuttings callus forms, every morning 7 up to 11 o'clock and afternoon 2 up to 6 o'clock every 1h spraying 1 time, 11 sprayed 1 time every half an hour up at 2 o'clock in afternoon, 1-2min sprays at every turn; After the cuttings callus forms, every morning 7 up to 11 o'clock and afternoon 2 up to 6 o'clock every 2h spraying 1 time, 11 up at 2 o'clock in afternoon every 1h spraying 1 time, 1-2min sprays at every turn.
As preferably, this indigo plant leaf honeysuckle spray atomizing cottage breeding method also comprises transplanting and the seedling management step in later stage.
Owing to having adopted technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows: blue leaf honeysuckle spray atomizing cottage breeding method of the present invention is chosen in and 5-7 month carries out epicormic branch cuttage, now in spray, growth hormone content is high, the children is tender for tissue, meristematic tissue is active, and the material of synthetic auxin and root element is arranged in terminal bud and leaf, can promote to produce callus and take root, easily survive, can improve survival rate.After the blue leaf honeysuckle spray of cuttage, the seedbed management stage is in temperature higher and sun-drenched season, to cuttings batch (-type) spraying repeatedly, surround cuttings with mist every day, for growing of cuttings provides the internal environment of high humility, it is moistening that cutting medium keeps, seedbed maintains high humility, in order to suppress transpiration, reduces respiration consumption, strengthen photosynthesis, be conducive to cuttings root of hair, growth; Seedling bed temperature is controlled at 18-26 ℃, suitable cuttings growth.So management, can go out transplantation of seedlings after 2-3 month, and cultivation period is short, cultivates cost low.
Embodiment
The embodiment that is below blue leaf honeysuckle spray atomizing cottage breeding method of the present invention is given an example, unrestricted the present invention in order to explanation.
Seedbed and auxiliary facility are set: the desk-top seedbed that a plurality of drainings of ventilating are set in seedling growth greenhouse, the long 8m of each seedbed bed, wide 1.2m, high 0.5m, lay the fresh perlite of thick 0.4-0.5m as cutting medium on seedbed, perlitic loose ventilatory effect is better, can prevent that seedbed from making rotten of cuttings because of ponding, can also select vermiculite, quartz sand, coarse sand etc. as cutting medium.Will carry out conventional sterilizing to seedbed before cuttage processes.Because the suitable temperature of blue leaf honeysuckle spray is 18-26 ℃, ground water temperature is too low, mineralization degree is too high, is not suitable for directly being used for cuttings is sprayed, therefore, need to build in advance a precipitation intensification cistern, in advance underground water is injected in cistern to the precipitation that heats up, be used for again afterwards as the cuttings spraying.Mist sprayer used and full-automatic high-pressure water supply corollary equipment are all existing commercially available prod, and in this not go into detail.
The selection in cuttage period: preferably be chosen in and 5-7 month carry out cuttage, now in spray, growth hormone content is high, and the children is tender for tissue, meristematic tissue is active, and the material of synthetic auxin and root element is arranged in terminal bud and leaf, can promote to produce callus and take root, easily survive, can improve survival rate; Compare period with selecting other cuttages, cultivate cost low.
The clip of cuttings and processing: choose the normal blue leaf honeysuckle maternal plant that grows, choose on maternal plant that axillalry bud is full, the normotrophic branch of leaf growth, branch is cut into to cuttings (claiming again to transplant a cutting), cuttings is about 10-12cm, 1-3 bud of general band, terminal bud needs full.Wherein, terminal bud is apart from a top mouthful about 0.8-1.0cm, prevents after cuttage because of factors such as natural air dryings, makes terminal bud mouthful withered with top.During clip, cuttings top wants straight snips, bottom tiltedly to cut, and the clip up and down of cutting requires smooth, and the benefit that tiltedly cut bottom is to be convenient to cuttage on the one hand, and wound tissue is large on the other hand, and the area of taking root is large, is convenient to take root survive.During cutting fringe, preferably accomplish with adopting bar, with cutting, with cuttage.In order to improve survival rate, the cuttings base portion is dipped in deeply before cuttage in the culture fluids such as methyl α-naphthyl acetate that concentration is 50-100mg.L or heteroauxin, process 24-48h, hestening rooting.
Cottage method: cutting time is preferably arranged in morning or dusk, be slightly larger than the first pilot hole of beating of bamboo let of cuttings rugosity before cuttage on seedbed by rugosity, by in the cuttings patchhole, avoid because cuttage injures the material of taking root generated on cuttings the about 2-3cm of the cuttage degree of depth of cuttings again, seeding row spacing is 3cm*3cm, limit punching limit cuttage, should make cuttings as far as possible to the slight oblique cutting of same direction during cuttage, after inserting with the tight cutting medium of hand, cuttings and matrix are connected airtight, once water permeable after cuttage.
Seedbed management: surface temperature during cuttage is unfavorable for taking root during lower than 18 ℃, therefore seedling bed temperature should be controlled at 18-26 ℃; The cutting medium overdrying in seedbed or cross and wetly all can affect the rooting rate of cuttings, cutting medium humidity is slightly felt moistening getting final product when touching with hand, and determines spray pattern as principle.The seedbed management stage is in temperature higher and sun-drenched season, when the cuttings after cuttage is sprayed to processing, before the cuttings callus forms, every morning 7 up to 11 o'clock and afternoon 2 up to 6 o'clock every 1h spraying 1 time, 11 sprayed 1 time every half an hour because temperature is high up at 2 o'clock in afternoon, and 1-2min sprays at every turn; After the cuttings callus forms, reduce the spraying number of times, change every morning 7 into up to 11 o'clock and sprayed 1 time every 2h up to 6 o'clock afternoon 2,11 sprayed 1 time every 1h up at 2 o'clock in afternoon, and 1-2min sprays at every turn.According to actual weather conditions, when noon, during excess Temperature, can suitably increase the spraying number of times to reduce the blade face temperature.Night is because temperature descends, and the moisture evaporation reduces, therefore, after the 2min that sprays again about during late 9:30, stop spraying.Because nocturnal temperature descends, be preferably in the ventilation window of closing seedling growth greenhouse before at 6 o'clock in afternoon, put down roller shutter and keep temperature of shed.So management, can go out transplantation of seedlings after 2-3 month.
Transplant and seedling management: water once permeablely before lifting, keep seedling root and branches and leaves complete, the seeding row spacing of transplant planting is 50cm * 50cm, applies sufficient well-rotted farmyard manure before field planting in soil and makes base manure, and every square metre with fertile 6kg to 7kg, ploughs deeply leveling.Suitably pruning after planting, the main uprightly sturdy trunk of cultivating in 1~2 year after planting.During at 30-40 centimetre, cut off the top tip when the trunk height, promote that sprouting of lateral bud becomes skill.After the Second Year green sprouting, the sturdy branch 4-5 that selects and remain on trunk top is as major branch, and minute two-layer giving birth to, retain 5-6 to bud in the one-level branch grown from major branch, cut off the top terminal bud.Later retain 6-7 to bud again from the second branch that the one-level branch has been grown, then pluck the dysgonic tender tip in the spray grown from second branch.Plant branch by such pruning is clearly demarcated, be evenly distributed, ventilation and penetrating light, trunk sturdy upright, be umbrella room shape shrub shape flower pier, be conducive to the formation of spray, how long go out bud.Because its fruit autumn and winter supply to view and admire, therefore Hua Houji should not prune before early spring.Heavy pruning in every 1 year is upgraded once.Water vegetative period in good time, intertill and clean tillage, and in conjunction with pouring water Nitrogen Top Dressing one twice.Hua Houying strengthens pouring water, and imposes nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer, promotes the robust plant growth, is beneficial to result flouring, sees fruit lasting.If the florescence while meeting arid weather or excessive rainfall, all can be caused a large amount of fallen flowers, be macerated the phenomenons such as colored, that children's flower breaks.Therefore, carry out in time and irrigate and water drainage work.
Exemplary case:
Done concrete experiment in botanical garden, Weifang City, Shandong Province, carried out the preparation of seedbed facility, equipment according to above-mentioned flow process, do matrix with fresh perlite, gather the branch on the blue leaf honeysuckle maternal plant after introducing a fine variety a year mid-May, branch is cut into to the cuttings of long 10-12cm, tiltedly cut cuttings top straight snips, bottom, terminal bud is apart from top mouthful 0.8-1.0cm, 3 buds of most cuttings bands, dip in the cuttings base portion in the methyl α-naphthyl acetate that concentration is 50-100mg/L deeply, and the processing time is 24-48h.Cuttage is front, and with bamboo let punching, cuttage degree of depth 2-3cm, seeding row spacing is 3cm*3cm, during cuttage, should make to transplant a cutting to a direction oblique cutting as far as possible, after inserting, with hand, presses in fact, and all cutting are watered permeable after having inserted.Afterwards, by the regulation of above seedbed management step, with mist sprayer to the cuttings management of spraying.
Through overtesting, find: after epicormic branch cuttage 3 days, the block callus of cuttings incision formed; After 10 days, start to take root from skin zone.Every 10 days investigation one secondary root situations, in Table 1 and table 2.
Table 1 epicormic branch cuttage adventive root length and schedule of quantities
Table 2 cuttage 10 days, 20 days, 30 days, 40 days, 60 born stock number and rooting rate contrast tables
Number of days |
10 days |
20 days |
30 days |
40 days |
60 days |
Investigation strain number |
80 |
80 |
80 |
80 |
80 |
The strain number of taking root |
48 |
66 |
74 |
72 |
74 |
Rooting rate (%) |
60.00 |
82.50 |
87.50 |
90.00 |
92.50 |
By above example, can find out, blue leaf honeysuckle spray adopts atomizing cottage breeding method of the present invention, and the seedling rooting rate can reach more than 92.50%, take root fast, and well developed root system; The seedling branch amount reaches more than 3, highly reaches that 20cm is above, more than the hat width reaches 20cm, can go out garden then, and growing-seedling period is short; And cottage propagation can well keep parent's good genetic character, there is the advantage such as draw materials conveniently, reproduction coefficient is high, growth is fast, resistance, early flowering are solid, the gardens cultivation that can be widely used in blue leaf honeysuckle is planted.
Transplanted mid-August, and the seeding row spacing of transplant planting is 50cm * 50cm, applies sufficient well-rotted farmyard manure before field planting in soil to make base manure, and every square metre with fertile 6kg to 7kg, ploughs deeply leveling.Carry out suitable trimming and finishing after cultivation, concrete pruning way is: mainly in 1~2 year after planting cultivate upright sturdy trunk, when the trunk height, during at 30-40cm, cut off the top tip, promote that sprouting of lateral bud becomes skill.After the Second Year green sprouting, the sturdy branch 4-5 that selects and remain on trunk top makes major branch, and minute two-layer giving birth to, retain 5-6 to bud in the one-level branch grown from major branch, cut off the top terminal bud.Retain 6-7 in the second branch grown from the one-level branch again to bud, then pluck the dysgonic tender tip in the spray grown from second branch later.Plant branch by such pruning is clearly demarcated, be evenly distributed, ventilation and penetrating light, trunk sturdy upright, be umbrella room shape shrub shape flower pier, be conducive to the formation of spray, how long go out bud.Because its fruit autumn and winter supply to view and admire, therefore Hua Houji should not prune before early spring.Heavy pruning in every 1 year is upgraded once.Water vegetative period in good time, intertill and clean tillage, and in conjunction with pouring water Nitrogen Top Dressing one twice.Spend rear reinforcement to pour water, impose nitrogen, phosphorus, potash fertilizer.Through investigation, after 1 year, plant height reaches that 30cm is above, the hat width is that 30cm is above in the cuttage seeding field planting, branch quantity more than 5, growth conditions are good, and transplanting survival rate is up to 98.50%.
Adopt blue leaf honeysuckle spray atomizing cottage breeding method of the present invention, the spray survival rate after cuttage is high, and cultivation period is short, cultivates cost low.The present invention provides the important technology foundation for blue leaf honeysuckle at the spread of our province and even northern area.
The above is only giving an example of better embodiment of the present invention, and or not in order to limit the present invention, the part of wherein not addressing in detail is not those of ordinary skills' common practise.Protection scope of the present invention is as the criterion with the content of claim, and any equivalent transformation carried out based on technology enlightenment of the present invention, also within protection scope of the present invention.