CN104106351A - Method for cultivating red plums - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for cultivating red plums, and belongs to the technical field of cultivation of ornamental trees. The method for cultivating the red plums is a planting method which is summarized in a red plum planting process for many years; practices prove that effects of the method are high. When the red plums are planted widely, the method comprises the following steps of garden planting, fertilizer and water management, tree shape management, insect disease prevention and the like. By the method, the red plums can be cultivated into trees, and the red plum trees can develop and flourish; the shapes of the red plum trees are attractive; flowers of the red plum trees are bright-colored; and the disease resistance of the trees is high.

Description

The cultivation method of a kind of red plum

Technical field:

The invention belongs to and view and admire tree culture technique field, relate in particular to the cultivation method of a kind of red plum.

Background technology:

Red plum, defoliation small arbor, the rose family; Prunus, the about 10m of plant height, the dry brown purple that is; many vertical lines of refuting, it is green that sprig is, and blade is wide avette to avette; edge tool serration; spend every joint 1-2 piece, without stalk or the short stalk of tool, flower is rose pink or redness; cultivar has purple, the pattern such as red, in first leaf and opening in early spring.Red plum habit happiness temperature climate, has certain cold-hartliness, likes sunny, draughty environment, the florescence is responsive especially to climatic variation, and happiness air humidity is larger, but the florescence is avoided heavy rain, red plum can well-grown in annual rainfall 1000mm or slightly many areas, requires not tight, more barren-resistant to soil, also can be in slight alkalinity soil normal growth, in the lower floor such as gravelly clay and gravelly loam soil property, closely on soil, the branch of plum enriches, and blossoms and bears fruit flouring.Red plum in gardens, greenery patches, flower garden, scenic area, can isolated planting (the tall and big plentiful plant isolated planting of roguing shape is in the centrostigma of critical positions or sight line, to obtain the effect of " a single red in the midst of thick foliage ".), group planting (red plum is become with other plant clump intersperse in Garden Greenland, both enriched Landscape Color, enlivened again gardens atmosphere), mass-planting (plants in groups taking red plum as chief species in flakes, form amenity forest, unique leaf look and attitude are all very beautiful.) etc.; Also can be before room, on slope, roadside natural cultivate, if make background by aiphyllium or dark building, more can set off out the pure and noble U.S. of plum blossom.The feature of red plum maximum be exactly its florescence be in season in severe winter, its petal is delicate and exquisite, for the world increases a beautiful scape, is important ornamental plants in people's winter; The bud energy powder for improving appetite of red plum is strongly fragrant, promote the production of body fluid reduce phlegm, promoting blood circulation and detoxication, Escherichia coli, shigella dysenteriae, typhoid bacillus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, comma bacillus etc. are all had to obvious inhibitory action, plum blossom can be extracted aromatic oil, aromatic oil is extracted, as the additive of food; The fruit of red plum is edible, after its airing is dry, can be made into the preserved plum that we eat usually; Plum also has medical value in addition, energy preventing phlegm from forming and stopping coughing, and the sour-sweet of it can increase feed; Japanese apricot can also be as the timber of engraving use.The present invention is a kind of cultivation method of red plum mass-planting, select leeward, on the sunny side, the good ground of draining, planted in the past winter, before winter, planted and be conducive to plum blossom and take root in advance growth, before planting, to dig plant pit, use sufficient base manure, carry out the work of beta pruning and prevention and elimination of disease and pests, can nurture tree-like grace, set and spend the red Japanese apricot bright-coloured, fruit is plentiful.

Summary of the invention:

The problem that the present invention mainly solves is to provide the method for the red plum of a kind of commerial growing, and the step of the method has: plant in the garden of building, rich water quality management, tree-like management, prevention and elimination of disease and pests, and through practice test, its cultivation effect is good.

A method for the red plum of commerial growing, is characterized in that being made up of following steps:

(1) building garden plants: red plum requires not tight to soil, but also should select matter loose, fertile, the sandy loam that is rich in humus is field, also need good drainage condition, plant the strong sprout that grafting is cultivated before entering the winter, tree well when field planting wants 1-1.1 rice square, mu is planted 50-60 strain, use sufficient base manure, if soil is too sticky heavy, must be in plant pit refinement sandstone, broken tangerine bar or coal ash etc., be beneficial to draining, must be by long root system pruning once before planting, after the slurry that preferably root system is stained with mud with good conditionsi, plant, in mud, can add root-inducing powder, carbendazim, plant growth regulator etc., the depth of planting is with identical with former nursery stock Horizon place, after cultivation, water permeable, seedling stay 50-70 centimetre cut cut.

(2) rich water quality management: red plum fertilizer-sucting quantity is medium, base manure need account for the 70%-75% of annual total fertilizing amount, answer strain to execute autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 60-70 kilogram, appropriate phosphorus, the potash fertilizer of using is as topdressing, every 60 days once, and another feature of red plum growth is the drought-enduring waterlogging of avoiding, and pours water in response to restraining, the soil moisture conservation of will suitably pouring water of when arid, draining rapidly while raining heavily.

(3) pruning: early March stays 1-2 bud cutting back by the developmental branch of last year and spray later, cut off and intersect the sprouting that sprouts on branch, vertical branch, withered branch, overstocked branch, very thin, water sprout and major branch etc., side shoot is carried out to cutting back, to promote flourishing with flowers and leaves, after pruning, coat callus corrosion prevention film to wound, wound healing promoting tissue growth, Perishing prevention infection process.

(4) prevention and elimination of disease and pests: red syphilis evil has gummosis, with 50 times of liquid controls of 70% thiophanate-methyl; Anthracnose and shot hole, their early stage can spray 1000 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate or 600 times of liquid controls of spray zineb; Common insect has malacosoma neustria, goes out and removes with 1000 times of liquid of 50% Folithion; 1000 times of spray solutions of Folithion of 50% for scale insect.

The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the method for the red plum of a kind of commerial growing is provided, and through practice test, the method is simple and easy to do, can make red Japanese apricot grow up strong and sturdy, and tree-like grace, tree spend bright-coloured, tree body resistance against diseases is strong.

Embodiment:

Embodiment 1:

Plant in the garden of building: red plum requires not tight to soil, but also should select matter loose, fertile, the sandy loam that is rich in humus is field, also need good drainage condition, plant the strong sprout that grafting is cultivated before entering the winter, tree well when field planting want 1 meter square, mu is planted 60 strains, use sufficient base manure, if soil is too sticky heavy, must be in plant pit refinement sandstone, broken tangerine bar or coal ash etc., be beneficial to draining, must be by long root system pruning once before planting, after the slurry that preferably root system is stained with mud with good conditionsi, plant, in mud, can add root-inducing powder, carbendazim, plant growth regulator etc., the depth of planting is with identical with former nursery stock Horizon place, after cultivation, water permeable, seedling stay 50 centimetres cut cut.Rich water quality management: red plum fertilizer-sucting quantity is medium, base manure need account for 70% of annual total fertilizing amount, answer strain to execute 60 kilograms of autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizers, appropriate phosphorus, the potash fertilizer of using is as topdressing, every 60 days once, and another feature of red plum growth is the drought-enduring waterlogging of avoiding, and pours water in response to restraining, the soil moisture conservation of will suitably pouring water of when arid, draining rapidly while raining heavily.Pruning: early March stays 1-2 bud cutting back by the developmental branch of last year and spray later, cut off and intersect the sprouting that sprouts on branch, vertical branch, withered branch, overstocked branch, very thin, water sprout and major branch etc., side shoot is carried out to cutting back, to promote flourishing with flowers and leaves, after pruning, coat callus corrosion prevention film to wound, wound healing promoting tissue growth, Perishing prevention infection process.Prevention and elimination of disease and pests: Mei Diseases has gummosis, with 50 times of liquid controls of 70% thiophanate-methyl; Anthracnose and shot hole, their early stage can spray 1000 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate or 600 times of liquid controls of spray zineb; Common insect has malacosoma neustria, goes out and removes with 1000 times of liquid of 50% Folithion; 1000 times of spray solutions of Folithion of 50% for scale insect.

Embodiment 2:

Plant in the garden of building: red plum requires not tight to soil, but also should select matter loose, fertile, the sandy loam that is rich in humus is field, also need good drainage condition, plant the strong sprout that grafting is cultivated before entering the winter, tree well when field planting want 1.1 meters square, mu is planted 50 strains, use sufficient base manure, if soil is too sticky heavy, must be in plant pit refinement sandstone, broken tangerine bar or coal ash etc., be beneficial to draining, must be by long root system pruning once before planting, after the slurry that preferably root system is stained with mud with good conditionsi, plant, in mud, can add root-inducing powder, carbendazim, plant growth regulator etc., the depth of planting is with identical with former nursery stock Horizon place, after cultivation, water permeable, seedling stay 70 centimetres cut cut.Rich water quality management: red plum fertilizer-sucting quantity is medium, base manure need account for 75% of annual total fertilizing amount, answer strain to execute 70 kilograms of autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizers, appropriate phosphorus, the potash fertilizer of using is as topdressing, every 60 days once, and another feature of red plum growth is the drought-enduring waterlogging of avoiding, and pours water in response to restraining, the soil moisture conservation of will suitably pouring water of when arid, draining rapidly while raining heavily.Pruning: early March stays 1-2 bud cutting back by the developmental branch of last year and spray later, cut off and intersect the sprouting that sprouts on branch, vertical branch, withered branch, overstocked branch, very thin, water sprout and major branch etc., side shoot is carried out to cutting back, to promote flourishing with flowers and leaves, after pruning, coat callus corrosion prevention film to wound, wound healing promoting tissue growth, Perishing prevention infection process.Prevention and elimination of disease and pests: Mei Diseases has gummosis, with 50 times of liquid controls of 70% thiophanate-methyl; Anthracnose and shot hole, their early stage can spray 1000 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate or 600 times of liquid controls of spray zineb; Common insect has malacosoma neustria, goes out and removes with 1000 times of liquid of 50% Folithion; 1000 times of spray solutions of Folithion of 50% for scale insect.

Claims (3)

1. the cultivation method of a red plum, it is characterized in that: plant in step (1) garden of building: red plum requires not tight to soil, but also should select matter loose, fertile, the sandy loam that is rich in humus is field, also need good drainage condition, plant the strong sprout that grafting is cultivated before entering the winter, tree well when field planting wants 1-1.1 rice square, mu is planted 50-60 strain, use sufficient base manure, if soil is too sticky heavy, must be in plant pit refinement sandstone, broken tangerine bar or coal ash etc., be beneficial to draining, must be by long root system pruning once before planting, after the slurry that preferably root system is stained with mud with good conditionsi, plant, in mud, can add root-inducing powder, carbendazim, plant growth regulator etc., the depth of planting is with identical with former nursery stock Horizon place, after cultivation, water permeable, seedling stay 50-70 centimetre cut cut, step (2) rich water quality management: red plum fertilizer-sucting quantity is medium, base manure need account for the 70%-75% of annual total fertilizing amount, answer strain to execute autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer 60-70 kilogram, appropriate phosphorus, the potash fertilizer of using is as topdressing, every 60 days once, and another feature of red plum growth is the drought-enduring waterlogging of avoiding, and pours water in response to restraining, the soil moisture conservation of will suitably pouring water of when arid, draining rapidly while raining heavily, step (3) pruning: early March stays 1-2 bud cutting back by the developmental branch of last year and spray later, cut off and intersect the sprouting that sprouts on branch, vertical branch, withered branch, overstocked branch, very thin, water sprout and major branch etc., side shoot is carried out to cutting back, to promote flourishing with flowers and leaves, after pruning, coat callus corrosion prevention film to wound, wound healing promoting tissue growth, Perishing prevention infection process, step (4) prevention and elimination of disease and pests: Mei Diseases has gummosis, with 50 times of liquid controls of 70% thiophanate-methyl, anthracnose and shot hole, their early stage can spray 1000 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate or 600 times of liquid controls of spray zineb, common insect has malacosoma neustria, goes out and removes with 1000 times of liquid of 50% Folithion, 1000 times of spray solutions of Folithion of 50% for scale insect.

2. the cultivation method of a kind of red plum according to claim 1, the feature of its step (1) is: described tree well be 1.05 meters square, mu is planted osmanthus 55 strains of roundleaf gold.

3. the cultivation method of a kind of red plum according to claim 1, the feature of its step (2) is: it is 65 kilograms that autogamy composite organic-inorganic fertilizer is executed in described strain.