CN113133374A - Planting method for delaying degradation of Paeonia ostii in south of Yangtze river - Google Patents
Planting method for delaying degradation of Paeonia ostii in south of Yangtze river Download PDFInfo
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- CN113133374A CN113133374A CN202110337170.9A CN202110337170A CN113133374A CN 113133374 A CN113133374 A CN 113133374A CN 202110337170 A CN202110337170 A CN 202110337170A CN 113133374 A CN113133374 A CN 113133374A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
- A01G13/02—Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
- A01G13/0206—Canopies, i.e. devices providing a roof above the plants
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of delaying the degradation of Paeonia ostii in the south of the Yangtze river, and discloses a planting method for delaying the degradation of Paeonia ostii in the south of the river, which comprises the following steps of firstly, improving a soil structure; step two, building a drainage pipe network; planting shading tree seeds and building a shading net; step four, selecting a matched peony variety; step five, planting at a high platform and a high ridge in good time; and step six, managing after planting. The method improves the survival rate of seedlings in southern areas, reduces the breeding of plant diseases and insect pests, delays the degeneration of peony plants, and improves the ornamental value of peony and the benefit of peony gardens.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of delaying the degradation of Paeonia ostii in the south of the Yangtze river, in particular to a planting method for delaying the degradation of Paeonia ostii in the south of the river.
Background
Peony is a unique flower germplasm resource of native China, has a cultivation history of more than 1600 years in China, has good equivalent values for ornamental, medicinal and oil, is also the best alternative flower species of China 'national flowers', and is widely used as a supporting column industry for large-area centralized planting development in China.
With the rapid development of economy in China, peony industry gathering areas are established in areas such as Henan Luoyang, Shandong Neze, Anhui copper Lingling, Gansu Lin 27950, and Sichuan Pengzhou which are traditional peony suitable planting areas, and all the parts of the country are radiated according to the areas. With the acceleration of the commercialized circulation of peony seedlings, the construction of peony gardens all over the country develops rapidly, but the problems of low seedling survival rate, multiple plant diseases and insect pests, rapid plant degeneration, even a large amount of dead seedlings and the like appear, particularly the problem of seedling degeneration of the peony gardens in the south of the Yangtze river, the frequent replacement of seedlings in the garden is forced, and the peony planting land parcel is reformed. Therefore, it is imperative to explore planting technical measures for effectively solving the seedling degradation problem of the peony garden in the south of the Yangtze river. Based on the technical problems in the prior art, the inventor develops a planting method for delaying the degradation of the peony in the south of the Yangtze river, and can solve the technical problems in the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects of the prior art and provides a planting method for delaying the degradation of peony in south of the Yangtze river, which is characterized in that the soil structure of the south of the river is improved, a drainage system is built in a planting land, shading tree seeds are planted, a shading net is built, a peony variety suitable for being planted in the south of the river is selected, and then a high-platform and high-ridge peony planting mode is utilized, and the degradation of peony seedlings in the south of the river is delayed through scientific management after planting.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a planting method for delaying the degeneration of peony in the south of the Yangtze river,
step one, improving a soil structure: deep ploughing of peony land blocks by more than 40cm at the beginning of 12 months, no raking, and natural weathering in winter; in the 2 nd month of the next year, covering river sand on the surface layer of the peony land, wherein the average thickness is 35 cm; planting green manure in 3-7 months; in 8-9 months, deeply turning green manure, cleaning stubbles, returning the stubbles to the field, applying 15kg of 46% urea and 200kg of organic fertilizer special for organic peony to each mu of land before deeply turning, and meanwhile, finely ploughing and finely planting, and leveling for later use;
step two, building a drainage pipe network: the drainage pipe network is constructed and laid in combination with a garden tour road or an irrigation water network;
planting the shading tree species and building a shading net: 1. planting the shade trees of the thinning peonies: selecting deciduous tree species which germinate late and have early deciduous leaves, strong stress resistance and good ornamental value and have no common host with peony pest and disease damage; 2. building a sunshade: before the newly planted shady tree species in the newly-built peony garden do not rejuvenate and grow a crown, particularly, a sunshade is built for the newly-planted peony in the first year, the density of the sunshade net is 80 percent, and the time of building the sunshade is as follows: the early 5 months to the end of 9 months;
step four, selecting a matched peony variety: the peony garden in the south of the Yangtze river has the variety structure: 1. the peony varieties in southwest and Jiangnan account for 30 percent, and the peony varieties in southwest are purple hydrangea, splash black purple, Pengzhou purple, Lijiang powder, Taiping red, Jinyaolou, Hongyoulou, xuelihong, Taijiang red and Danjing yulou; the traditional peony species in south of the Yangtze river are Paeonia ostii series, Hui purple series, Xiangdan series and Yanchenghong red; 2. the original peony variety accounts for 30 percent, and in the original peony population represented by Luoyang and Neze, the damp-heat resistance and the strong growth potential are achieved, and some newly-cultivated crossbreeds are suitable for the growth in the south of the Yangtze river; 3. the foreign peony variety accounts for 30 percent, and the foreign peony varieties are Japanese peony, French peony and American peony; 4. the content of the northwest peony is 10 percent, and the northwest peony is a penmanship for holding ink, black sea clouds and purple butterflies to face the wind;
step five, timely high-platform and high-ridge planting:
1. timely planting: planting the peony in 10-11 months after the peony leaves fall; 2. high-platform planting: planting big peony and paeonia rockii by adopting a high platform; 3. high ridge planting: the large-area and flaky planting of standard peony commercial seedlings adopts high-ridge planting, and a furrow, a drainage pipe network and a peony garden water system are connected and communicated;
step six, management after planting: 1. trimming: cutting part of branches of standard commercial seedlings after planting to reduce flowering of flower buds next year; thinning branches are needed for planting big peony; seedlings with serious root damage not only need to carry out branch thinning on the merged branches, but also need to shorten the branches under interception; the peony standard commercial seedlings with particularly serious root damage need stumping branches; 2. watering: the root system of the newly planted peony is damaged, new capillary roots are just formed, and watering and water replenishing are carried out in time according to the soil moisture content in rainy seasons; 3. intertillage weeding: in the peony growing season, the soil moisture content after rain is grasped, and intertillage and weeding are carried out in time; deep-turning and airing the interline soil in winter; 4. managing in autumn and winter: the management principle of 'three clean water, one fertilizer and one water turning' is adopted in autumn and winter; the third cleaning is to clean weeds, dry branches and fallen leaves and plant diseases and insect pests; the first fertilizer is an organic fertilizer special for peony planted in winter, and is 200kg per mu; the first turning is deep turning in winter; "water" is called winter irrigation in the north, and rainfall and soil moisture in autumn and winter are arranged according to the conditions in the south of the peony garden; 5. management of a specific season: spraying a leaf surface protective agent once every half month except for periodical intertillage weeding after flowering; spraying carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder once every week for 6-7 months, wherein the carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder is alternately used; weeding is carried out in combination with intertillage in 9-10 months, and 5kg of 5% phoxim slow-release agent is applied to each mu.
In the first step, 5kg of phoxim slow release agent subjected to coating treatment with the content of 5% is broadcast per mu.
In the third step, the shady tree species is red bean or yellow sandalwood.
And in the sixth step, the plant diseases and insect pests are cleaned in the management after planting, and the branches are respectively sprayed with 3 Baume lime sulphur mixture after defoliation and before sprouting.
And in the sixth step, cleaning dead branches and fallen leaves in the management after planting, pruning weak branches, diseased branches and residual branches in combination with winter pruning, and cleaning the weak branches, the diseased branches and the residual branches out of the garden.
In the sixth step, deep ploughing in autumn and winter management in post-planting management ensures that roots are not lightened, soil blocks are not broken, and rain and snow are pulverized in winter.
In the first step, in the beginning of 12 months, the peony land is ploughed deeply by more than 40cm without harrowing, and is naturally weathered in winter; the main purpose of this is: 1. after the soil is deeply ploughed, the soil is repeatedly frozen and thawed under the action of rain and snow, and the porosity of the soil is obviously increased after the soil is weathered, so that the activity of microorganisms is facilitated, the decomposition of nutrients in the soil is accelerated, the nutrients in the external air are better absorbed, and the fertility of the soil is effectively improved; 2. the thickness of the live soil layer is increased after deep ploughing, which is beneficial to the extension of root systems and enlarges the nutrition absorption range, thereby promoting the rapid growth of the peony; 3. after deep ploughing, the live soil layer is thickened, and the accumulated water is more, so that the water and fertilizer storage capacity can be enhanced; 4. when waterlogging occurs, the water sinking is facilitated, the air permeability of the soil is increased, the temperature of the soil can be reduced, and the temperature of the soil can be reduced, so that the root system can not be burnt due to high external temperature; 5. the soil can be loosened after deep ploughing, the soil can absorb moisture, and nutrients cannot be lost because the soil layer is shallow in rainwater and water flows outwards; 6. the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced: the soil has more diseases and insect pests, such as germs, bacteria, pests, eggs, pupae and the like, and after deep ploughing, the pests hidden in the soil can be eliminated by utilizing the irradiation of sunlight, and meanwhile, a plurality of germs and bacteria can be killed, and the occurrence of the diseases and insect pests is reduced.
In the first step, river sand is covered on the surface layer of the peony land in the 2 nd month of the next year, and the average thickness is 35 cm; the main purpose of this is: river sand is covered on the surface layer of the peony land, so that on one hand, the soil can be ensured to be in a loose state for a long time, and the air permeability of the soil is improved; on the other hand, the soil temperature rise caused by strong illumination in the south can be prevented, so that the peony roots are burnt out, and the function of protecting the peony roots is achieved.
In the first step, planting green manure in 3-7 months; in 8-9 months, deeply turning green manure, cleaning stubbles, returning the stubbles to the field, applying 15kg of 46% urea and 200kg of organic fertilizer special for organic peony to each mu of land before deeply turning, and meanwhile, finely ploughing and finely planting, and leveling for later use; the main purpose of this is: on one hand, the planted green manure is used as an organic fertilizer source, and the organic fertilizer content in the soil is increased by deep ploughing, stubble cleaning and returning to the field; on the other hand, the comprehensive fertility in the soil is improved by matching urea with the special organic fertilizer for peony.
In the first step, 5kg of 5 percent of phoxim sustained-release agent subjected to coating treatment is applied to each mu of land; the main purpose of this is: on one hand, the phoxim slow-release agent has the characteristics of broad spectrum, low toxicity and low residue, is used for inhibiting the choline activity of pests, poisons and dies the pests, mainly plays a role in killing the old larvae of lepidoptera pests and soil pests, and simultaneously kills ova and spider mites in soil. On the other hand, the phoxim slow release agent processed by the coating can slowly release the drug effect of phoxim, thereby playing the roles of keeping the drug effect and enhancing the insecticidal effect.
In the second step, the drainage pipe network is constructed and combined with a garden tour road or an irrigation water network for laying; the main purposes of this arrangement are: on the one hand, in rainy season in south, utilize the drainage pipe network to discharge the unnecessary water in the peony landmass, on the other hand can prevent to be soaked in the aquatic for a long time because of the rhizome of peony, leads to rotting of peony rhizome.
In the third step, a sunshade is built for supplement in the first year of newly planted peony, and the main purpose of doing the same in cooperation with planting of a shady tree is as follows: on one hand, a shady growing environment is provided for newly planted peony, and the rapid growth of the newly planted peony is promoted. On the other hand, excessive evaporation of water in the newly planted peony due to strong light irradiation in summer is reduced, so that the survival rate of the newly planted peony seedlings is improved.
In the fourth step, matched peony varieties are selected, and 30% of southwest peony and south-Jiangnan peony, 30% of original peony, 30% of foreign peony and 10% of northwest peony are selected, so that the main purposes of the steps are as follows: on one hand, the wide application of different peony species enriches the variety of the ornamental garden, prolongs the comprehensive flowering phase of the peony garden, and improves the overall stress resistance of the peony garden. On the other hand, the stress resistance of different peony varieties is matched, so that the function of delaying the degradation of the planting performance of the peonies in southern areas is achieved.
In the fifth step, 1, timely planting: planting the peony in 10-11 months after the peony leaves fall; 2. high-platform planting: planting big peony and paeonia rockii by adopting a high platform; 3. high ridge planting: standard commercial seedlings are planted in large-area and large-area pieces in the peony mode, high ridges are planted, and ridge ditches, a drainage pipe network and a peony garden water system are connected and communicated; the main purpose of this is: on one hand, the peony is planted on a high platform and a high ridge, so that the effect of draining water is achieved in rainy seasons in the south; on the other hand, the characteristics of high-platform and high-ridge planting of the peony are utilized, the ventilation and light transmission of peony plants are increased, and the occurrence of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced.
In the pruning management after planting in the sixth step, part of branches of standard commercial seedlings need to be cut short after planting so as to reduce the flowering of flower buds in the next year; thinning branches are needed for planting big peony; seedlings with serious root damage not only need to carry out branch thinning on the merged branches, but also need to shorten the branches under interception; seedlings with particularly serious root damage need stumping branches. The main purpose of this is: on one hand, unnecessary loss of nutrients is avoided by thinning branches and leveling stubbles of the peony field, and sufficient nutrients are improved for the growth of the root system of the peony; on the other hand, the root system of the peony is quickly formed by thinning branches and leveling stubbles of the peony field, so that the survival rate of planting the peony is improved.
Watering after planting in the sixth step, damaging the root system of the newly planted peony, forming new capillary roots, and watering in time according to the soil moisture content in rainy seasons for supplementing water; can promote the restoration growth of the damaged root system of the newly planted peony root system and improve the survival rate of the newly planted peony.
During intertillage weeding after planting in the sixth step, in the growing season of the peony, the soil moisture content after rain needs to be grasped for intertillage weeding in time; deep-turning and airing the interline soil in winter; the main purpose of this is: intertillage weeding and soil deep-turning airing are utilized, on one hand, the effect of preventing soil in southern areas from rotting and breeding bacteria due to high humidity is achieved, on the other hand, the effect of preventing plant diseases and insect pests is achieved by performing sunlight disinfection on the soil while weeds are effectively removed.
In the management of autumn and winter after planting in the sixth step, the management principle of 'three clean water, one fertilizer and one water turn over' is adopted in autumn and winter; the third cleaning is to clean weeds, dry branches and fallen leaves and plant diseases and insect pests; the first fertilizer is a fertilizer special for organic peony applied in winter, and 200kg per mu; the first turning is deep turning in winter; "Yishui" is commonly called winter irrigation in the north, and the peony garden in the south is arranged according to rainfall and soil moisture; the main purpose of this is: through scientific management of 'three-clean one-fertilizer one-water turning', on one hand, sufficient water and nutrient substances are provided for deep forming of a root system of the newly planted peony, and the planting survival rate of the newly planted peony is improved; on the other hand, the generation of new-planted peony diseases and insect pests is reduced, and the stress resistance of different peony varieties in southern areas is improved, so that necessary condition support is provided for delaying the degradation of the peony in south of the Yangtze river.
Wherein in the management of the specific season after the six steps of planting, the foliar protective agent is sprayed once every half month; spraying carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder once every week for 6-7 months, wherein the carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder is alternately used; weeding in combination with intertillage in 9-10 months, and broadcasting 5kg of 5% phoxim slow-release agent per mu; the foliar protective agent and the carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder are sprayed once every week and are alternately used, so that on one hand, the foliar of the newly planted peony can be prevented from being infected by bacteria, the healthy growth of the foliar of the newly planted peony is maintained, and conditions are created for better photosynthesis; on the other hand, the evergreen period of the leaves of the newly planted peony in the south in autumn can be ensured, and the growth period of the newly planted peony leaves is ensured. In 9-10 months, intertillage weeding is combined, 5kg of 5% phoxim slow-release agent is applied to each mu of land, on one hand, the phoxim slow-release agent has the characteristics of broad spectrum, low toxicity and low residue, is used for inhibiting the activity of choline of pests, enables the pests to be poisoned and killed, mainly plays a role in killing the old larvae of lepidoptera pests and soil pests, and simultaneously kills ova and leaf mites in the soil. On the other hand, the phoxim slow release agent processed by the coating can slowly release the drug effect of phoxim, thereby playing the roles of keeping the drug effect and enhancing the insecticidal effect.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention provides a planting method for delaying the degradation of peony in south of the Yangtze river, which improves the survival rate of seedlings in south of the river, reduces the breeding of plant diseases and insect pests, delays the degradation of peony plants, and improves the ornamental value of peony and the benefit of a peony garden.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described below with reference to specific examples, which are provided only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows:
a planting method for delaying the degeneration of big peony in south of the Yangtze river, which is suitable for sloping fields;
step one, improving a soil structure:
1. selecting a sloping field; 2. covering river sand on the surface layer of the peony planting pool, wherein the average thickness is 35cm, adding 10kg of turfy soil, deeply turning and uniformly stirring; 3. 10kg of organic fertilizer (special fertilizer for peony) is applied to the pit field.
Step two, timely high-platform (high ridge) planting:
planting peony in 10-11 months after leaves fall; large-plant peony, especially paeonia rockii is mostly planted by adopting a semi-submersible type flower-building pool elevated platform.
Planting the shading tree species and building a shading net:
1. planting under the sparse forest: selecting deciduous tree species which germinate late and have early deciduous leaves, strong stress resistance and good ornamental value and have no co-host with peony diseases and insect pests, such as red bean tree (red bean tree in Ewest) and yellow sandalwood (unknown spring); 2. building a sunshade: the new planting sunshade tree species in newly-built peony garden does not have the rejuvenation before growing a crown, and the sunshade effect is not good, especially newly-planted peony utilizes the sunshade of building in summer that should consider the sunshade net the first year, sunshade net density 80%, and the sunshade net density after the slow seedling changes to 60%, the time of building the canopy: the beginning of 5 months to the end of 9 months.
Step four, managing after planting:
1. trimming: thinning branches are needed for planting big peony; the damage of the root system is serious, not only the combined branches need to be thinned, but also the cut branches need to be shortened, the flower thinning and the bud thinning are combined in spring, the flowering quantity is reduced, the nutrient consumption is reduced, the survival rate is improved, and the seedling recovering period is shortened.
2. Watering: the root system of the newly planted peony is damaged, new capillary roots are just formed, and watering and water replenishing are timely carried out on the drought according to the soil moisture content in rainy seasons.
3. Arranging a vent hole: when a big tree peony is built in the flower pond, a drain pipe is embedded at the bottom, 6-8 PVC pipes with the diameter of 110mm are vertically embedded around the peony to serve as air vents, and sand stones are filled in the PVC pipes.
4. Intertillage weeding: in the peony growing season, the soil moisture content is good after rain is caught, and intertillage and weeding are carried out in time; in winter, the flower bed needs to be deeply turned and aired.
5. Managing in autumn and winter: the garden cleaning principle of 'three clean and one fertilizer and one water turnover' in autumn and winter:
"Sanqing": clearing weeds; cleaning dead branches and fallen leaves (trimming is combined, weak branches, diseased branches and residual branches are trimmed in winter); cleaning plant diseases and insect pests (combining the application of the lime sulphur agent, spraying the lime sulphur agent with the degree of 3 Baume once on branches after leaf falling and before sprouting); the 'first fertilizer': applying organic fertilizer in winter; "one-time turning": deep ploughing, namely, if the roots are not bright, the soil blocks are not broken, and the soil blocks are differentiated by rain and snow in winter; "first water": the north is called winter irrigation, and the south peony garden is arranged according to rainfall and soil moisture content.
6. Management in summer: spraying a leaf surface protective agent once every half month after flowering except for periodical intertillage weeding; spraying carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder once every week for 6-7 months, wherein the carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder is alternately used; 5kg of phoxim slow-release agent is applied to each mu in 9-10 months in combination with intertillage weeding.
Example 2
A planting method for delaying the degradation problem of Paeonia ostii in the south of the Yangtze river comprises the following steps:
step one, improving a soil structure:
firstly, covering the surface layer of the peony land with river sand with the thickness of 35cm and the average thickness of turfy soil with the thickness of 5cm, and deeply ploughing and rotary tillage; secondly, applying 200 kg/mu of organic fertilizer (special fertilizer for peony); thirdly, 5kg of 5 percent phoxim slow release agent is broadcast and applied to each mu, fine ploughing and fine cropping are carried out, and the fertilizer is leveled for standby application.
Step two, building a drainage pipe network:
the construction of the drainage pipe network combines the paving of a garden tour road, an LED lighting low-voltage line and an irrigation water network.
Planting the shading tree species and building a shading net:
1. planting thinning peonies: the shade tree species should be selected from deciduous tree species with early sprouting, early defoliation, strong stress resistance, good ornamental property, and no co-host with peony pest, such as red bean tree (red bean tree in Ewest) and Dalbergia odorifera (unknown spring).
2. Building a sunshade: the shading effect is not good before the newly planted shading tree species in the newly-built peony garden do not rejuvenate and grow a crown, particularly, a sunshade is built by the aid of the newly-planted peony in summer in consideration of the sunshade net in the first year, the density of the sunshade net is 80%, and the time of building the sunshade is as follows: early 5 months to late 9 months.
Step four, selecting a peony variety: and (3) constructing a peony garden variety structure in the south of the Yangtze river: 1. the variety of the southwest peony and the Jiangnan peony accounts for 30 percent, the southwest peony is purple hydrangea, splash black purple, Pengzhou purple, Lijiang powder, Taiping red, Jinyaolou, Hongyoulou, xuelihong, Tejianghong, Danjing yulou and the like; traditional species in south of the Yangtze river (including self-bred species), namely old species reserved before new China is built, such as the Paeonia ostii series, Hui purple series, Xiangdan series, Yanchenghong red and the like; 2. the original peony variety accounts for 30 percent, and in the original peony population represented by Luoyang and Neze, the damp-heat resistance and the strong growth potential are achieved, and some newly-cultivated crossbreeds are suitable for the growth in the south of the Yangtze river; 3. 30% of foreign peony, 100 or more of Japanese species such as Huangguan, Chuanwu, Heiguoshi, Linfeng, Huangjiamen, Chunxingshang, Dachen, Shouyangxiang, Huawang, Fanghong, Fangji, Yang Guifei, Xinri Yunqiu, Xinqifushen, Baqian generation chun, Ji Yechuan, Mingshiki, Tao Teng, Baimiao, Chunru Shuo, Baiwang Shi and Yujing; american species include more than 10 of golden yellow, gold island, princess, golden age, celebration, curiosity, banquet, Chinese dragon, black-road glasss, black pirates, panther, marbles, romantic gold and the like; french peony has golden pavilion, golden tree, golden sun, golden wonder, golden emperor and the like, has strong universal growth vigor, high flowering rate and strong stress resistance, and is suitable for being planted in the south of China for the most part. And fourthly, 10 percent of the northwest peony, such as penmanship, black sea, cloud, purple butterfly and the like.
Step five, timely high-platform (high ridge) planting:
planting peony in 10-11 months after leaves fall; the peony garden is planted in large-area and slice-forming mode, high-ridge planting is mostly adopted, and the fact that furrows, a drainage pipe network and a peony garden water system are communicated closely is guaranteed.
Step six, managing after planting:
1. trimming: cutting part of branches of standard commercial seedlings after planting to reduce flowering of flower buds next year; seedlings with serious root damage not only need to carry out branch thinning on the merged branches, but also need to shorten the branches under interception; the damage to the root system is particularly serious, and even stumping of branches is required.
2. Watering: the root system of the newly planted peony is damaged, new capillary roots are just formed, and watering and water replenishing are timely carried out on the drought according to the soil moisture content in rainy seasons.
3. Intertillage weeding: in the peony growing season, the soil moisture content is good after rain is caught, and intertillage and weeding are carried out in time; in winter, deep turning and airing are carried out between rows.
4. Managing in autumn and winter: the principle of clearing the garden in autumn and winter is that three clean water are used, one fertilizer is used, and one water is used.
"Sanqing": clearing weeds; cleaning dead branches and fallen leaves (trimming is combined, weak branches, diseased branches and residual branches are trimmed in winter); cleaning plant diseases and insect pests (combining the application of the lime sulphur agent, spraying the lime sulphur agent with the degree of 3 Baume once on branches after leaf falling and before sprouting); the 'first fertilizer': applying organic fertilizer in winter; "one-time turning": deep ploughing, namely, if the roots are not bright, the soil blocks are not broken, and the soil blocks are differentiated by rain and snow in winter; "first water": the north is called winter irrigation, and the south peony garden is arranged according to rainfall and soil moisture content.
5. Management in summer: spraying a leaf surface protective agent once every half month after flowering except for periodical intertillage weeding; spraying carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder once every week for 6-7 months, wherein the carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder is alternately used; weeding is carried out in combination with intertillage in 9-10 months, and 5kg of 5% phoxim slow-release agent is applied to each mu.
Example 3
A planting method for delaying the degradation of peony in the south of the Yangtze river, which is suitable for potted plant planting,
step one, improving a soil structure:
the soil proportion of the potted peony is garden soil: turfy soil: river sand: plastic foam particles =3:3:3: 1.
Step two, the drain hole is unobstructed:
punching a potted peony container: the potted peony is preferably selected from a special pot, namely, the bottom of the pot wall is provided with a hole for draining water. No matter the purple clay basin, the tile basin, the ceramic basin, the porcelain basin and the stone basin, the basin wall is provided with holes, or the basin bottom is raised, so as to be beneficial to drainage.
Step three, application of the sunshade net and the sunshade tree species:
1. and (3) flower stand and peony: placing a pot on the semi-shade part of the flower stand to breed the peony;
2. thinning and planting peony: the shade tree species should be selected from deciduous tree species with early sprouting, early defoliation, strong stress resistance, good ornamental property, and no co-host with peony pest, such as red bean tree (red bean tree in Ewest) and Dalbergia odorifera (unknown spring).
3. Sunshade: in summer, a great amount of potted peonies need to be used for building an 80% sunshade by considering the use of the sunshade net.
Step four, selecting a peony variety:
1. and (3) the peony species in south of the Yangtze river: traditional Jiangnan varieties, namely nearly 20 old varieties reserved before new China is built, such as the Paeonia ostii series, the Huizhan purple series, the Xiangdan series, the Yangcheng red and the like;
2. southwest peony species population: purple hydrangea, Pimpire purple, Pengzhou purple, Lijiang powder, Taiping red, Jinyaolou, Hongyou, Xueshihong, Taijiang red, Danjing jade lou, etc.;
3. the original peony species group: in the original peony species group represented by the Luoyang and the Neze, the damp-heat resistance and the strong growth potential are achieved, and some newly-cultivated crossbreeding is suitable for the growth in the south of the Yangtze river;
4. northwest peony population: the students hold the ink, the black sea and the purple butterfly facing the wind;
5. foreign peony: the foreign varieties mainly comprise Japanese peony, French peony and American peony. Japanese species include more than 100 species such as Huangguan, Chuanwu, Heiguoshi, Linfeng, Huangjiamen, Chunxingshang, Dacheng, Zhaoyang, Huawang, Fanghong, Fangji, Yang Guifei, Xinri Yunqi, Xinqifushen, eight thousand generations of Chinese toon, Jiyechuan, Minglixie, island vine, Miaomiao, Chunruizhu, Baiwang lion and Yuzhui; american species include more than 10 of golden yellow, gold island, princess, golden age, celebration, curiosity, banquet, Chinese dragon, black-road glasss, black pirates, panther, marbles, romantic gold and the like; french peony has golden pavilion, golden tree, golden sun, golden wonder, golden emperor and the like, has strong universal growth vigor, high flowering rate and strong stress resistance, and is suitable for being planted in the south of China for the most part.
Step five, managing after planting:
1. pruning after planting: cutting part of branches of standard commercial seedlings after planting to reduce flowering of flower buds next year; thinning branches are needed for planting big peony; seedlings with serious root damage not only need to carry out branch thinning on the merged branches, but also need to shorten the branches under interception; the damage to the root system is particularly serious, and even stumping of branches is required.
2. Watering the new plants: the root system of the newly planted peony is damaged, new capillary roots are just formed, and watering and water replenishing are timely carried out on the drought according to the soil moisture content in rainy seasons.
3. Deep ploughing and weeding: in the peony growing season, the soil moisture content is good after rain is caught, and intertillage and weeding are carried out in time; in winter, deep turning and airing are carried out between rows.
4. Management in winter: the principle of clearing the garden in autumn and winter is that three clean water are used, one fertilizer is used, and one water is used.
"Sanqing": clearing weeds; cleaning dry branches and fallen leaves (combined pruning); cleaning plant diseases and insect pests (combining the application of lime sulphur); the 'first fertilizer': applying organic fertilizer in winter; "one-time turning": deep ploughing, namely, the soil blocks are not broken as long as the roots are not bright, and are subjected to differentiation by rain and snow; "first water": the north is called winter irrigation, and the south peony garden is arranged according to rainfall and soil moisture content.
5. Management in summer: spraying a leaf surface protective agent once every half month after flowering except for periodical intertillage weeding; spraying carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder once every week for 6-7 months, wherein the carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder is alternately used; in 9-10 months, 5% phoxim slow release agent is applied in combination with deep ploughing weeding.
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned scope, and the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and any conventional modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art according to the above description are included in the protection scope of the present invention. The technical contents not described in detail in the present invention are all known techniques.
Claims (6)
1. A planting method for delaying the degeneration of Paeonia ostii in the south of the Yangtze river is characterized by comprising the following steps: step one, improving a soil structure: deep ploughing of peony land blocks by more than 40cm at the beginning of 12 months, no raking, and natural weathering in winter; in the 2 nd month of the next year, covering river sand on the surface layer of the peony land, wherein the average thickness is 35 cm; planting green manure in 3-7 months; in 8-9 months, deeply turning green manure, cleaning stubbles, returning the stubbles to the field, applying 15kg of 46% urea and 200kg of organic fertilizer special for organic peony to each mu of land before deeply turning, and meanwhile, finely ploughing and finely planting, and leveling for later use; step two, building a drainage pipe network: the drainage pipe network is constructed and laid in combination with a garden tour road or an irrigation water network; planting the shading tree species and building a shading net: 1. planting the shade trees of the thinning peonies: selecting deciduous tree species which germinate late and have early deciduous leaves, strong stress resistance and good ornamental value and have no common host with peony pest and disease damage; 2. building a sunshade: before the newly planted shady tree species in the newly-built peony garden do not rejuvenate and grow a crown, particularly, a sunshade is built for the newly-planted peony in the first year, the density of the sunshade net is 80 percent, and the time of building the sunshade is as follows: the early 5 months to the end of 9 months; step four, selecting a matched peony variety: the peony garden in the south of the Yangtze river has the variety structure: 1. the peony varieties in southwest and Jiangnan account for 30 percent, and the peony varieties in southwest are purple hydrangea, splash black purple, Pengzhou purple, Lijiang powder, Taiping red, Jinyaolou, Hongyoulou, xuelihong, Taijiang red and Danjing yulou; the traditional peony species in south of the Yangtze river are Paeonia ostii series, Hui purple series, Xiangdan series and Yanchenghong red; 2. the original peony variety accounts for 30 percent, and in the original peony population represented by Luoyang and Neze, the damp-heat resistance and the strong growth potential are achieved, and some newly-cultivated crossbreeds are suitable for the growth in the south of the Yangtze river; 3. the foreign peony variety accounts for 30 percent, and the foreign peony varieties are Japanese peony, French peony and American peony; 4. the content of the northwest peony is 10 percent, and the northwest peony is a penmanship for holding ink, black sea clouds and purple butterflies to face the wind; step five, timely high-platform and high-ridge planting: 1. timely planting: planting the peony in 10-11 months after the peony leaves fall; 2. high-platform planting: planting big peony and paeonia rockii by adopting a high platform; 3. high ridge planting: the large-area and flaky planting of standard peony commercial seedlings adopts high-ridge planting, and a furrow, a drainage pipe network and a peony garden water system are connected and communicated; step six, management after planting: 1. trimming: cutting part of branches of standard commercial seedlings after planting to reduce flowering of flower buds next year; thinning branches are needed for planting big peony; seedlings with serious root damage not only need to carry out branch thinning on the merged branches, but also need to shorten the branches under interception; the peony standard commercial seedlings with particularly serious root damage need stumping branches; 2. watering: the root system of the newly planted peony is damaged, new capillary roots are just formed, and watering and water replenishing are carried out in time according to the soil moisture content in rainy seasons; 3. intertillage weeding: in the peony growing season, the soil moisture content after rain is grasped, and intertillage and weeding are carried out in time; deep-turning and airing the interline soil in winter; 4. managing in autumn and winter: the management principle of 'three clean water, one fertilizer and one water turning' is adopted in autumn and winter; the third cleaning is to clean weeds, dry branches and fallen leaves and plant diseases and insect pests; the first fertilizer is an organic fertilizer special for peony planted in winter, and is 200kg per mu; the first turning is deep turning in winter; "water" is called winter irrigation in the north, and rainfall and soil moisture in autumn and winter are arranged according to the conditions in the south of the peony garden; 5. management of a specific season: spraying a leaf surface protective agent once every half month except for periodical intertillage weeding after flowering; spraying carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder once every week for 6-7 months, wherein the carbendazim or chlorothalonil wettable powder is alternately used; weeding is carried out in combination with intertillage in 9-10 months, and 5kg of 5% phoxim slow-release agent is applied to each mu.
2. The planting method for delaying the degeneration of paeonia ostii of south of the Yangtze river according to claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in the first step, 5kg of phoxim slow release agent subjected to coating treatment with the content of 5% is broadcast per mu.
3. The planting method for delaying the degeneration of paeonia ostii of south of the Yangtze river according to claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in the third step, the shady tree species is red bean or yellow sandalwood.
4. The planting method for delaying the degeneration of paeonia ostii of south of the Yangtze river according to claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: and in the sixth step, the plant diseases and insect pests are cleaned in the management after planting, and the branches are respectively sprayed with 3 Baume lime sulphur mixture after defoliation and before sprouting.
5. The planting method for delaying the degeneration of paeonia ostii of south of the Yangtze river according to claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: and in the sixth step, cleaning dead branches and fallen leaves in the management after planting, pruning weak branches, diseased branches and residual branches in combination with winter pruning, and cleaning the weak branches, the diseased branches and the residual branches out of the garden.
6. The planting method for delaying the degeneration of paeonia ostii of south of the Yangtze river according to claim 1, wherein the planting method comprises the following steps: in the sixth step, deep ploughing in autumn and winter management in post-planting management ensures that roots are not lightened, soil blocks are not broken, and rain and snow are pulverized in winter.
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