CN103168584A

CN103168584A - Short spike cuttage breeding mode for sweet osmanthus in autumn and winter in north

Info

Publication number: CN103168584A
Application number: CN201210537236XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 丁兆堂; 马青平; 王玉; 胡建辉
Original assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University
Current assignee: Qingdao Agricultural University
Priority date: 2012-12-13
Filing date: 2012-12-13
Publication date: 2013-06-26

Abstract

The invention discloses a short spike cuttage breeding mode for sweet osmanthus in the autumn and the winter in the north. A female parent is a sweet osmanthus tree which grows for more than two years. A mode of 'double-greenhouse and one net' is adopted. Cuttage is carried out from October to November. A greenhouse is used for keeping warm. A sunshade net is used for achieving shading. After the cuttage is achieved, a small greenhouse is used for keeping warm and keeping moisture in an auxiliary mode. Cutting slips are lignification branches or half lignification branches, wherein the lignification branches or the half lignification branches grow in the same year. A short spike is 3-5 cm and has two pieces of blades. A seedbed ridge is 1.0-1.3 meters in width and is 8-12 cm in height. Sand is arranged on the lower surface of the seedbed ridge in a spreading mode, and grass carbon is arranged on the upper surface of the seedbed ridge in a spreading mode. Potassium permanganate is used for carrying out disinfection treatment. A micro-spraying belt is used for spraying fertilization and watering.

Description

A kind of north sweet osmanthus single node cutting breeding mode autumn and winter

Technical field

The invention belongs to the breeding plant field, relate to the cutting propagation technology of sweet osmanthus.

Technical background

Sweet osmanthus belongs to the Oleaceae osmanthus, is the famous ornamental plants of south China and fragrant seeds, because its ornamental value is high, plants so also introduce a fine variety in northern China gradually.Sweet osmanthus happiness temperature is not cold-resistant, is difficult to survive the winter under the north of china in winter cold climate.In the north, sweet osmanthus is mainly take propagation by grafiting as main, low and time-consuming the taking a lot of work of graft survival rate, so the present invention just for the sweet osmanthus single node cutting mode of reproduction that is fit to the north that works out of the weather conditions success in the north, adopts " two canopy one net " pattern, have simple in structure, cost is low, the characteristics such as easy to operate, the fertilizing, watering fine-spraying belt, not only cost is low, and convenient management, and water-saving is economized fertile laborsaving.Single node cutting is simple to operate in addition, and speed is fast, and cutting density is large, has improved survival rate, greatly provides cost savings simultaneously, therefore in northern China, very large promotional value is arranged.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of north sweet osmanthus single node cutting raising technology autumn and winter.

The concrete scheme of realizing above-mentioned purpose is:

1. the construction of booth: select the leeward place that faces south to build booth, the long 50m of booth, wide 12m, high 3m, big-canopy framework consists of with concrete column, first lid layer sunshade net, the above is covered layer of plastic film.Interior little shed is done skeleton with bamboo, outer coating plastic film.

2. prepare in the seedbed: in booth, soil is the subacidity soil after improvement, the wide 1.0-1.3m of seedbed furrow, and high 8-12cm, the below's paving one deck is husky, and the above's paving one deck peat composed of rotten mosses is disinfected with potassium permanganate, waters water one time in 2-3 days before cuttage, sprays one time weed killer herbicide.

3. plugged ear is prepared: lignification or the semi-lignified branch of 10-11 month clip 10-20cm from the maternal osmanthus fragrans, branch will be with cutting with use, the branch of cutting will be placed shady and cool place, avoid direct sunlight, first insert before cuttage and dip the short fringe of clip 3-5cm after 4-6 hour in root element, the band two opposite simple leaves, 0.5-1cm place top straight snips on petiole, lower clip is tiltedly cut the preparation cuttage.

4. cuttage: the seedbed of handling well before the plugged ear of handling well is inserted, seeding row spacing is 3cm * 10cm, every row is inserted the 30-35 strain, the cuttage degree of depth is 2/3 left and right of plugged ear, stays two leaves more than native face, and the limit insert edge is with pointing compacting soil, make to transplant a cutting and combine closely with soil, be beneficial to and take root.Spray a water with fine-spraying belt immediately after inserting.

5. manage after cuttage: cuttage is covered hut after January, and auxiliary booth thermal insulation moisturizing has reduced the seedbed irrigation times.In time weed a garden, prevention and elimination of disease and pests.

6. fertigation: fertilising is take spray leaf fertilizer as main, fertilizing, watering is with special fine-spraying belt, make with crushable plastic flexible pipe, the above evenly is equipped with water jet, fine-spraying belt is layered in the middle of the furrow ridges controlled valve of ining succession, fertilizer is can be soluble in water rear to be sprayed with fine-spraying belt, easy to operate, time saving and energy saving, also reach water-saving and economized fertile effect.

6. go out the garden field planting: remove hut April next year, when September, cuttage seeding was grown to the 20-30 centimetre, transplant to the land for growing field crops.

Adopt this breeding mode to solve sweet osmanthus and breed hard problem in the north, broken the present situation that relies on grafting and breeding, have method simple, save cost, increased economic benefit, improved the advantages such as seedling quality and availability.By verification experimental verification, the sweet osmanthus survival rate that this pattern is bred is more than 95%, and planting percent is more than 85%, and Second Year just can go out the garden field planting.In addition, the sweet osmanthus branch of autumn and winter season is best in quality, and the arrangement of labour of this moment is more flexible, makes more convenient to operate.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with the case introduction enforcement technology of this pattern once:

1. sample plot is elected Qingdao, crossdrift village, Jimo City, Qingdao, Shandong Province Rui Caoyuan Tea Industry Science and Technology Ltd. as, and the said firm position belongs to typical boreal climate district.

2. the construction of booth: select the leeward place that faces south to build booth, the long 50m of booth, wide 12m, high 3m, big-canopy framework consists of with concrete column, first lid layer sunshade net, the above is covered layer of plastic film.Interior little shed is done skeleton with bamboo, outer coating plastic film.

3. the selection of elite stand: osmanthus cultivars is four seasons osmanthus, select life in 2 years above healthy and strong, spend manyly, the fragrance of flowers is strong, without the elite stand of damage by disease and insect, clip is given birth to then lignification or semi-lignified branch and is done plugged ear.

4. cutting time: 10-11 month

5. prepare in the seedbed: in booth, soil is the subacidity soil after improvement, the wide 1.0-1.3m of seedbed furrow, and high 8-12cm, the below's paving one deck is husky, and the above's paving one deck peat composed of rotten mosses is disinfected with potassium permanganate, waters water one time in 2-3 days before cuttage, sprays one time weed killer herbicide.

6. plugged ear is prepared: lignification or the semi-lignified branch of clip 10-20cm from the maternal osmanthus fragrans, branch will be with cutting with use, the branch of cutting will be placed shady and cool place, avoid direct sunlight, first insert before cuttage and dip the short fringe of clip 3-5cm after 4-6 hour in root element, the band two opposite simple leaves, 0.5-1cm place top straight snips on petiole, lower clip is tiltedly cut the preparation cuttage.

7. cuttage: the seedbed of handling well before the plugged ear of handling well is inserted, seeding row spacing is 3cm * 10cm, every row is inserted the 30-35 strain, the cuttage degree of depth is 2/3 left and right of plugged ear, stays two leaves more than native face, and the limit insert edge is with pointing compacting soil, make to transplant a cutting and combine closely with soil, be beneficial to and take root.Spray a water with fine-spraying belt immediately after inserting.

8. manage after cuttage: cuttage is covered hut after January, and auxiliary booth thermal insulation moisturizing has reduced the seedbed irrigation times.In time weed a garden, prevention and elimination of disease and pests.

9. fertigation: fertilising is take spray leaf fertilizer as main, fertilizing, watering is with special fine-spraying belt, make with crushable plastic flexible pipe, the above evenly is equipped with water jet, fine-spraying belt is layered in the middle of the furrow ridges controlled valve of ining succession, fertilizer is can be soluble in water rear to be sprayed with fine-spraying belt, easy to operate, time saving and energy saving, also reach water-saving and economized fertile effect.

10. go out the garden field planting: remove hut April next year, when September, cuttage seeding was grown to the 20-30 centimetre, transplant to the land for growing field crops.

Claims

One kind northern autumn and winter sweet osmanthus single node cutting breeding mode, female parent is 2 years above osmanthus fragrans of life, adopts the pattern of " two canopy one net ", selects the leeward booth of building on the sunny side, the long 50m of booth, wide 12m, high 3m, with the plastic film covering, sunshade net shelters from heat or light; Furrow wide 1.0-1.3m in seedbed in canopy, high 8-12cm, the below's paving one deck is husky, and the above's paving one deck peat composed of rotten mosses is disinfected with potassium permanganate, and water was watered one time in cuttage before in 2-3 days; The living lignification then of 10-11 month clip 10-20cm from maternal osmanthus fragrans or semi-lignified branch insert root element dips the short fringe of clip 3-5cm after 4-6 hour, the band two opposite simple leaves, 0.5-1cm place top straight snips on petiole, lower clip are tiltedly cut and are inserted the seedbed, water immediately after cuttage; After cuttage one month, take again the auxiliary insulation of little shed in booth, and control humidity in canopy.The fertilising, watering sprays with fine-spraying belt.Remove hut April next year, and transplant to open country September.
2. a kind of north sweet osmanthus single node cutting raising technology autumn and winter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: first cuttage in the booth of sunshade net of sweet osmanthus cuttage, entering the severe winter covers hut again.
3. a kind of north sweet osmanthus single node cutting raising technology autumn and winter as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: be applicable to northern China autumn and winter season, female parent is 2 years above osmanthus fragrans of life.
4. a kind of north sweet osmanthus single node cutting raising technology autumn and winter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: seedbed lower floor paving is husky, and the above litters charcoal, disinfects with potassium permanganate, and fertilizing, watering sprays with fine-spraying belt.
5. a kind of north sweet osmanthus single node cutting raising technology autumn and winter as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: long fringe dips in the root single node cutting, and short spike length 3-5cm is with the two opposite simple leaves cuttage.