CN104641838A - Greenhouse cultivation technique for ornamental pineapples - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a greenhouse cultivation technique for ornamental pineapples. The greenhouse cultivation technique is characterized by comprising processes of substrate preparation, nutrient and water management, environment regulation, flowing phase control, pest control and the like. With the adoption of the greenhouse cultivation technique provided in the invention, the technical problem of greenhouse production of the ornamental pineapple is solved, and the greenhouse cultivation technique is useful in planting ornamental pineapples in a sunlight greenhouse.

Description

A kind of ornamental pine apple greenhouse culture technique

Technical field

The present invention relates to the production cultivation field of flowers, specifically a kind of ornamental pine apple greenhouse culture technique.

Background technology

Ornamental pine apple refers to all bromelias with ornamental value, ornamental pine apple is pineapple family herbaceos perennial, in originating in, the tropical and subtropical region of South America, based on kind of growing nonparasitically upon another plant, generally grow nonparasitically upon another plant on trunk or cliff, the environment that partly shelters from heat or light that property happiness is warm, moist.Common kind and kind, the Aechmea fasciata mainly belonging to pineapple family belongs to (Aech-mea), Billbergia (Billbergia), fruit climing (Guzmania), Neoreglia carolinae genus (Neo-regelia), Tillandsia (Tillandsia) and the songs of the oriole and belongs to (Vriesea) these 6 monoids.They are to see Hua Weizhu, also have the kind seeing leaf, wherein also have many kind floral leaves and looks, not only considerable flower but also considerable leaf.The plant type of ornamental pine apple is unique, leaf grace, and flower pattern pattern enriches beautiful, and the florescence is long, sees flower sight leaf tool good, and most resistance to the moon, is applicable to indoor long-term ornaments and views and admires.

Along with the raising of people's living standard, the demand of top grade flower is increased gradually.The current ornamental pine apple popular in China, has Billbergiapyramidalis, Cryptanthus acaulij, Aechmea fasciata, golden-rimmed pineapple, colored bud pineapple etc.Their plant grass blade is grown thickly, and stem is generally shorter.Blade thin-and-long, have a sword shape or all band shapes, most of leaf margin has sawtooth.The color and luster of keratin blade is bright and colourful.The flower outputed is thousand different expressions especially.Its its leaf of flower has been coated with one deck wax all seemingly, and soft middle band is hard and be rich in gloss.Deng the base portion of top blade, often mutually tightly build up abducent rosette-stape, just like the tube filled with water of manual manufacture, can water storage slowly " drink " in order to during arid.Therefore famous indoor sight leaf, decorative flower is become.As parlor ornaments, not only enthusiasm but also implicit, very resistance toly views and admires.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is the problem solving lily production and supply deficiency, provides a kind of ornamental pine apple greenhouse culture technique.

Technical scheme of the present invention is, a kind of ornamental pine apple greenhouse culture technique, and its special character comprises the technical process such as substrate preparation, rich water quality management, environment conditioning, blossom-control technics, the extermination of disease and insect pest:

Substrate preparation: cultivation matrix requires to possess that gas retaining is good, drainage is good, decompose or contractility is little, p H value 5.5-6.0, E C value 0.5 m S/c about m, mixes according to Zhao Zha ︰ corruption Ye Tu ︰ rough sand=2 ︰ 1 ︰ 1;

Rich water quality management: Xia Qiu grows 1-3 days busy seasons to trickle in groove 1 time, every day foliar spray 1-2 times.Have water in retaining groove, blade face is moistening, and soil is slightly dry; Winter should spray water less, and keep basin scholar damp, blade face is dry.Ornamental pine apple is more responsive to phosphate fertilizer, should based on nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer during fertilising, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are advisable with 10: 5: 20, concentration is 0.1-0.2%, with the chemically complete value fertilizer such as 0.2% urea or potassium nitrate, also can with thin alum rich water (needing clear water to rinse leafage center before going out garden) in production, foliage-spray or apply in groove, growth busy season 1-2 week spray 1 time, week in winter 3-4 spray 1 time;

Environment conditioning: the optimum temperature of ornamental pine apple is 15-20 DEG C, is not less than 10 DEG C winter, and humidity will remain on more than 70-80%.Shading method and the cooling of rising method can be adopted summer, make environmental temperature remain on less than 30 DEG C.May, 20-30 centimeters above greenhouse film added the sunshade net that light transmittance is 50-70%, can lower the temperature and can prevent pineapple blade from burning; Summer before midday after temperature height time, spray water to blade face with micro-nozzle, according to temperature, illumination and determining, generally every spray in 1-2 hours 5-10 minutes, blade face and environment is made to keep moistening, stronger ventilation amount simultaneously, reduce blade face temperature by moisture evaporation, can air humidity be increased again simultaneously; Winter covers with duplicature, and inside establishes the warming-up device such as heating installation, hot-blast stove to maintain indoor temperature more than 10 DEG C, and pineapple can safe overwintering;

Florescence control: pour into pineapple with the ethrel aqueous solution of concentration 50-100 mg/kg and drained in the groove of water; Pour out after 7 days, change clean water and pour in groove, within 2-4 months, can bloom after process;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: generally ornamental pine apple seldom disease occurs, but high temperature, high humidity, impeded drainage easily cause heart rot and root rot to occur, available 50 % carbendazim 500 times of immersion seedling 5 min-10 min sterilize, vegetative period, with 75 % mancozeb 500 times or 75 % thiophanate methyls, 800-1000 times of perfusion heart portions, has certain preventive effect for 2-3 times; Insect pest mainly contains scale insect, mite class, slug etc., and general scale insect, mite class flolimat or speed slaughter control, and slug is spread fertilizer over the fields with 6% metacetaldehyde and prevents and treats in rhizosphere.

technique effect

Technique effect of the present invention is, adopts above-mentioned technical scheme, can realize ornamental pine apple greenhouse culture, meets and views and admires market supply.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described;

This working of an invention process is as follows:

1, substrate preparation: cultivation matrix requires to possess that gas retaining is good, drainage is good, decompose or contractility is little, p H value 5.5-6.0, E C value 0.5 m S/c about m, mixes according to Zhao Zha ︰ corruption Ye Tu ︰ rough sand=2 ︰ 1 ︰ 1;

2, rich water quality management: Xia Qiu grows 1-3 days busy seasons to trickle in groove 1 time, every day foliar spray 1-2 times.Have water in retaining groove, blade face is moistening, and soil is slightly dry; Winter should spray water less, and keep basin scholar damp, blade face is dry; Ornamental pine apple is more responsive to phosphate fertilizer, should based on nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer during fertilising, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are advisable with 10: 5: 20, concentration is 0.1-0.2%, with the chemically complete value fertilizer such as 0.2% urea or potassium nitrate, also can with thin alum rich water (needing clear water to rinse leafage center before going out garden) in production, foliage-spray or apply in groove, growth busy season 1-2 week spray 1 time, week in winter 3-4 spray 1 time;

3, environment conditioning: the optimum temperature of ornamental pine apple is 15-20 DEG C, is not less than 10 DEG C winter, and humidity will remain on more than 70-80%.Shading method and the cooling of rising method can be adopted summer, make environmental temperature remain on less than 30 DEG C; May, 20-30 centimeters above greenhouse film added the sunshade net that light transmittance is 50-70%, can lower the temperature and can prevent pineapple blade from burning; Summer before midday after temperature height time, spray water to blade face with micro-nozzle, according to temperature, illumination and determining, generally every spray in 1-2 hours 5-10 minutes, blade face and environment is made to keep moistening, stronger ventilation amount simultaneously, reduce blade face temperature by moisture evaporation, can air humidity be increased again simultaneously; Winter covers with duplicature, and inside establishes the warming-up device such as heating installation, hot-blast stove to maintain indoor temperature more than 10 DEG C, and pineapple can safe overwintering;

4, florescence control: pour into pineapple with the ethrel aqueous solution of concentration 50-100 mg/kg and drained in the groove of water; Pour out after 7 days, change clean water and pour in groove, within 2-4 months, can bloom after process;

5, the extermination of disease and insect pest: generally ornamental pine apple seldom disease occurs, but high temperature, high humidity, impeded drainage easily cause heart rot and root rot to occur, available 50 % carbendazim 500 times of immersion seedling 5 min-10 min sterilize, vegetative period, with 75 % mancozeb 500 times or 75 % thiophanate methyls, 800-1000 times of perfusion heart portions, has certain preventive effect for 2-3 times; Insect pest mainly contains scale insect, mite class, slug etc., and general scale insect, mite class flolimat or speed slaughter control, and slug is spread fertilizer over the fields with 6% metacetaldehyde and prevents and treats in rhizosphere.

Claims (1)

1. an ornamental pine apple greenhouse culture technique, is characterized in that comprising following technical process:

Substrate preparation: cultivation matrix requires to possess that gas retaining is good, drainage is good, decompose or contractility is little, p H value 5.5-6.0, E C value 0.5 m S/c about m, mixes according to Zhao Zha ︰ corruption Ye Tu ︰ rough sand=2 ︰ 1 ︰ 1;

Rich water quality management: Xia Qiu grows 1-3 days busy seasons to trickle in groove 1 time, every day foliar spray 1-2 times; Have water in retaining groove, blade face is moistening, and soil is slightly dry; Winter should spray water less, and keep basin scholar damp, blade face is dry; Ornamental pine apple is more responsive to phosphate fertilizer, should based on nitrogenous fertilizer and potash fertilizer during fertilising, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium ratio are advisable with 10: 5: 20, concentration is 0.1-0.2%, with the chemically complete value fertilizer such as 0.2% urea or potassium nitrate, also can with thin alum rich water (needing clear water to rinse leafage center before going out garden) in production, foliage-spray or apply in groove, growth busy season 1-2 week spray 1 time, week in winter 3-4 spray 1 time;

Environment conditioning: the optimum temperature of ornamental pine apple is 15-20 DEG C, is not less than 10 DEG C winter, humidity will remain on more than 70-80%; Shading method and the cooling of rising method can be adopted summer, make environmental temperature remain on less than 30 DEG C; May, 20-30 centimeters above greenhouse film added the sunshade net that light transmittance is 50-70%, can lower the temperature and can prevent pineapple blade from burning; Summer before midday after temperature height time, spray water to blade face with micro-nozzle, according to temperature, illumination and determining, generally every spray in 1-2 hours 5-10 minutes, blade face and environment is made to keep moistening, stronger ventilation amount simultaneously, reduce blade face temperature by moisture evaporation, can air humidity be increased again simultaneously; Winter covers with duplicature, and inside establishes the warming-up device such as heating installation, hot-blast stove to maintain indoor temperature more than 10 DEG C, and pineapple can safe overwintering;

Florescence control: pour into pineapple with the ethrel aqueous solution of concentration 50-100 mg/kg and drained in the groove of water; Pour out after 7 days, change clean water and pour in groove, within 2-4 months, can bloom after process;

The extermination of disease and insect pest: generally ornamental pine apple seldom disease occurs, but high temperature, high humidity, impeded drainage easily cause heart rot and root rot to occur, available 50 % carbendazim 500 times of immersion seedling 5 min-10 min sterilize, vegetative period, with 75 % mancozeb 500 times or 75 % thiophanate methyls, 800-1000 times of perfusion heart portions, has certain preventive effect for 2-3 times; Insect pest mainly contains scale insect, mite class, slug etc., and general scale insect, mite class flolimat or speed slaughter control, and slug is spread fertilizer over the fields with 6% metacetaldehyde and prevents and treats in rhizosphere.