CN108207474B - Cutting seedling raising method for compound-color crape myrtle - Google Patents
Cutting seedling raising method for compound-color crape myrtle Download PDFInfo
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- CN108207474B CN108207474B CN201810143633.6A CN201810143633A CN108207474B CN 108207474 B CN108207474 B CN 108207474B CN 201810143633 A CN201810143633 A CN 201810143633A CN 108207474 B CN108207474 B CN 108207474B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for raising seedlings of compound-color crape myrtle by cutting, which comprises the following steps: (1) the method comprises the following steps of branch collection and cutting shoot preparation, (2) flower mud treatment, (3) cuttage, (4) non-woven fabric container bag transplanting, and (5) field transplanting, and solves the related defects that the production of the compound-color crape myrtle is unfavorable, the nursery stock is easily damaged by diseases and insects, the survival rate is low and the like caused by the fact that root fertilization cannot be carried out when the nursery stock transplanting is completed in the existing seedling raising technology.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of plant seedling raising methods, in particular to a method for raising seedlings of compound-color crape myrtle by cutting.
Background
The crape myrtle (L gorstroemia indica) native China is distributed in Yangtze river basin, south China, northwest China and north China are cultivated, and the crape myrtle has strong adaptability, the roots, leaves and skins of the crape myrtle are used as medicines and have the effects of clearing heat, removing toxicity, promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding, the crape myrtle is drought-resistant, waterlogging-resistant, warm and moist, light and fertile, has strong resistance to sulfur dioxide, hydrogen fluoride and nitrogen, can suck harmful gas, can absorb dust, and can absorb 4042 g of dust at a distance of 200-250 meters from a pollution source in a cement plant, so the crape myrtle is the most ideal tree species for urban and industrial and mining greening and can also be used as a bonsai.
Compared with other lagerstroemia indica varieties, the compound-color lagerstroemia indica has bright color and high ornamental value. But the growth rate is relatively slow, and more emphasis is placed on fertilization. No root system is needed in the early stage of cuttage, and seedlings are fixed during open field transplantation and miss the optimal time for fertilization, so that the growth potential of compound-color lagerstroemia indica in the current landscaping is mostly weaker than that of common lagerstroemia indica, the ornamental value is seriously influenced, and the market attention cannot be paid.
In the prior art, a cutting seedling raising technology for compound-color lagerstroemia indica is not available, and a conventional lagerstroemia indica cutting seedling raising technical method is a lagerstroemia indica flower pollination method, which comprises the following steps: firstly, cutting strips and preparing spikes, processing cutting spikes, then preparing a cutting medium, carrying out management after cutting, and finally transplanting the cutting medium into a nursery. (refer to CN201510701728.1 crape myrtle cutting cultivation method, CN201611065037.8 crape myrtle cutting propagation method and CN201210220601.4 crape myrtle cutting seedling method). The traditional cutting method has the following defects: 1. in the transplanting process, the roots are exposed, the seedlings are easy to lose water, and the roots are seriously damaged by digging out, so that the survival rate is reduced; 2. because the cutting seedlings are positioned in small spaces such as hole trays or other seedling culture containers, nutrients can be lost in the process of irrigating once when base fertilizers are added during cutting, the root fertilization cannot be carried out from the completion of cutting to the transplantation of the seedlings, the optimal planting time of the seedlings is missed, and the growth of the compound-color crape myrtle is particularly unfavorable; 3. the branches are soaked by the bactericide, the sterilizing effect is short, and the seedlings are easy to be threatened by plant diseases and insect pests.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention provides a cutting seedling raising method for compound-color crape myrtle, which solves the problems that the production of the compound-color crape myrtle is unfavorable, seedlings are easily damaged by diseases and insects, the survival rate is low and the like because root fertilization cannot be carried out until seedlings are transplanted in the conventional seedling raising technology.
(II) the adopted technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a method for raising seedlings of compound-color crape myrtle by cutting comprises the following steps:
a method for raising seedlings of compound-color crape myrtle by cutting comprises the following steps:
(1) branch collection and cutting preparation: selecting a healthy perennial compound lagerstroemia indica stock plant without diseases and insect pests in the middle and last ten days of 6 months, collecting semi-lignified branches, cutting the branches into small segments of cutting slips, and soaking the small segments of cutting slips for 1 hour by using a treatment solution;
(2) treating flower mud: uniformly cutting the flower mud by using a knife, cutting the flower mud into small blocks with the cross section side length of 3cm, the thickness of 6-8 cm, soaking 30min in 0.3% potassium permanganate, and drying in the shade; rotating a hole downwards in the middle of the cross section of the floral foam by using a pencil or a small stick, so that the floral foam is broken without direct downward insertion, and the depth of the round hole is 1cm from the bottom end for later use;
(3) cuttage: the seedbed adopts a cuttage pool which is paved with river sand in a sunlight greenhouse, and the thickness is more than 20 cm; disinfecting the cuttage pool 5 days before cuttage, spraying 2-3% ferrous sulfate water solution on the bed surface, fully wetting, removing impurities such as grass roots and the like before cuttage, and preparing an automatic sprinkling irrigation system; vertically inserting the lower ends of the cutting slips into round holes of the flower mud, wherein the exposed length of the top ends of the cutting slips is about 3cm, embedding the cutting slips after cutting into a seedbed, and ensuring that river sand covers the flower mud by the embedding depth; after the cuttage is finished, an automatic spraying system is arranged, the humidity in the greenhouse is adjusted to be 80%, and the later stage is slightly reduced;
(4) transplanting non-woven fabric container bags: after 30 days, randomly lifting seedlings at regular intervals and observing, and uniformly transplanting the seedlings when the root systems of the seedlings break through flower mud;
the transplanting process comprises the following steps: filling 4-6 cm of matrix into a non-woven fabric bag, putting the nursery stock into the non-woven fabric bag, uniformly filling the matrix around the non-woven fabric bag until the distance between the nursery stock and the bag opening is 1cm, watering the nursery stock thoroughly, and covering the seedbed with a plastic film; spraying 1000 times of chlorothalonil every seven days;
(5) transplanting in a field: when the temperature is slightly reduced in the early 9 months, the root system of the nursery stock is thick and strong, and the phenomenon that the container bag is broken through exists, and the nursery stock needs to be transplanted to a field; during transplanting, tearing off the non-woven fabric container bag by hand, transplanting with the substrate, watering thoroughly, and covering a sunshade net at the initial stage.
As a further optimization of the scheme, the cutting into small sections of cutting shoots in the step (1) specifically comprises: cutting the semi-lignified branches into cutting slips with the length of 8-10 cm, cutting an upper cut flatly, wherein the distance between the upper cut and the upper end of a first bud is 10mm, the first bud at the upper end of the cutting slips is ensured to be complete, and 2-3 leaves are left at the upper end; the upper end of the lower incision is selected from the base of a bud, and the cutting angle is about 45 degrees.
As a further optimization of the scheme, the treatment solution in the step (1) is 200 mg/L indolebutyric acid.
As a further optimization of the scheme, the specification and size of the non-woven fabric bag in the step (4) are as follows: the diameter was 9cm and the height was 12 cm.
As a further optimization of the scheme, in the step (4), the ground substances are screened garden soil, turfy soil and vermiculite which are mixed according to a ratio of 2:1:1, and 2 kg of 15-5-10 compound fertilizer is added to each cubic meter of the ground substances and is uniformly mixed.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a cutting seedling method of compound-color crape myrtle, which has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the main root system does not need to be exposed when the flower mud is transplanted to the non-woven fabric container bag and the non-woven fabric container bag is transplanted in the open field, so that the plant does not wither and hurt the root due to water loss in the transplanting process, and the survival rate in the transplanting process is 100 percent; the flower mud has good water retention and air permeability, the sterilization effect of soaking branches by using low-concentration potassium permanganate is more durable than that of directly soaking branches, and bactericide does not need to be sprayed in the initial stage.
(2) The invention does not need root fertilization in the early cutting stage of the compound-color crape myrtle because the root system does not exist, and the transplanting process from rooting to the field is the key stage of the field planting of the compound-color crape myrtle. According to the invention, a one-time transplanting process is added, the flower mud is just extruded after the root system is generated and then the flower mud is transplanted into the non-woven fabric container bag applied with the base fertilizer, the defect that the root fertilization cannot be carried out in the period is overcome, the fine seedlings of the compound-color lagerstroemia indica can be cultured, the problem that the color advantage of the compound-color lagerstroemia indica cannot be brought into play due to insufficient nutrition in the early growth stage is solved, and the landscaping quality is further improved.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
Any feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract) may be replaced by alternative features serving equivalent or similar purposes, unless expressly stated otherwise. That is, unless expressly stated otherwise, each feature is only an example of a generic series of equivalent or similar features.
Examples
(1) Branch collection: selecting healthy perennial girl floriation (variety weight number 20160129) mother plants without diseases and insect pests in 20 days 6 months, and collecting semi-lignified branches;
(2) and (3) ear preparation and hormone treatment, namely cutting the girl jardiniere into cutting ears with the length of 8-10 cm, cutting the upper cuts flatly, cutting the lower cuts obliquely, and soaking the cutting ears for 1 hour by 200 mg/L indolebutyric acid.
(3) Treating flower mud: uniformly cutting the floral foam by using a knife, cutting the floral foam into small blocks with the side length of 3cm in the cross section and the thickness of 6-8 cm, soaking 30min in 0.3% potassium permanganate, and rotatably drilling holes downwards in the middle of the cross section of the floral foam by using a pencil or a small stick, wherein the depth of each circular hole is 1cm from the bottom end.
(4) Cuttage: the lower end of the cutting is vertically inserted into the round hole of the flower mud, and the exposed length of the top end of the cutting is about 3 cm. And embedding the cutting slips after cutting into a seedbed, wherein the embedding depth ensures that river sand covers flower mud.
(5) Primary transplanting: and (3) filling 4-6 cm of a substrate into the non-woven fabric bag during 7-month and 25-day transplanting, putting the seedlings, uniformly filling the substrate around the seedlings until the distance between the seedlings and a bag opening is 1cm, and thoroughly watering the seedlings.
(6) Secondary transplanting: cultivating fine nursery stocks of girl floriation, tearing off the non-woven fabric container bags by hands when transplanting in 9 months and 10 days, transplanting with the substrate, and watering thoroughly.
In combination with the examples, 200 cuttings are planted by the traditional seedling raising method and compared with 200 cuttings in the present example, as shown in the following table 1:
the traditional method comprises the following steps: cutting the same mother plant in the embodiment to obtain branches with a few female flower languages and semi-lignification, soaking the cuttings with indolebutyric acid, soaking the roots with 0.3% potassium permanganate for 5 min, directly performing cutting of the cuttings in a cutting pond, and directly transplanting the cuttings to a field at the beginning of 9 months;
table 1 shows the comparison between the examples of the present invention and the conventional seedling raising method
The results show that:
1. and (3) cost comparison: the container cost of the control group is 0, the cost of the bactericide is 120 yuan, the cost of the two-time foliar fertilizer is 12 yuan, and the total cost is 132 yuan; the cost of the container of the test group is 36 yuan, the cost of the bactericide is 70 yuan, the cost of the fertilizer is 1.4 yuan, and the total cost is 107.4 yuan. Both otherwise being cost-identical. The test composition cost is reduced by 24.6 yuan compared with the control group.
2. And (3) cutting survival rate comparison: the control group survives 157 plants, the test group survives 181 plants, and the cuttage survival rate of the test group is improved by 12 percent.
3. Comparison of incidence of mildew: the control group has 21 seedlings which are mildewed, and the test group has only 5 seedlings, which shows that the source is in the trunk, and the effect of spraying the bactericide in the initial stage is far less than that of soaking the bactericide in the flower mud.
4. And (4) comparing the transplanting survival rate: despite pruning of the shoots to reduce transpiration, 30 seedlings died in the control group, and the mortality was still much higher than 3 in the test group, except for 16 diseased plants.
And the flower color of the nursery stock cultivated by the embodiment of the invention is gorgeous, and the ornamental value of the nursery stock is higher than that of the nursery stock cultivated by the traditional method.
The test results show that compared with the traditional method, the scheme has low cost, saves the cost of the bactericide, can reduce the incidence rate of plant diseases and insect pests of the seedlings, has higher cuttage and transplantation survival rate, and can produce fine-quality compound-color crape myrtle seedlings with high ornamental value. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A cutting seedling raising method for compound-color crape myrtle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) branch collection and cutting preparation: selecting a healthy perennial compound lagerstroemia indica stock plant without diseases and insect pests in the middle and last ten days of 6 months, collecting semi-lignified branches, cutting the branches into small segments of cutting slips, and soaking the small segments of cutting slips for 1 hour by using a treatment solution;
(2) treating flower mud: uniformly cutting the flower mud by using a knife, cutting the flower mud into small blocks with the cross section side length of 3cm, the thickness of 6-8 cm, soaking the small blocks for 30min by using 0.3% potassium permanganate, and drying in the shade; rotating a hole downwards in the middle of the cross section of the floral foam by using a pencil or a small stick, so that the floral foam is broken without direct downward insertion, and the depth of the round hole is 1cm from the bottom end for later use;
(3) cuttage: the seedbed adopts a cuttage pool which is paved with river sand in a sunlight greenhouse, and the thickness is more than 20 cm; disinfecting the cuttage pool 5 days before cuttage, spraying 2-3% ferrous sulfate water solution on the bed surface, fully wetting, removing impurities such as grass roots and the like before cuttage, and preparing an automatic sprinkling irrigation system; vertically inserting the lower ends of the cutting slips into round holes of the flower mud, wherein the exposed length of the top ends of the cutting slips is about 3cm, embedding the cutting slips after cutting into a seedbed, and ensuring that river sand covers the flower mud by the embedding depth; after the cuttage is finished, an automatic spraying system is arranged, the humidity in the greenhouse is adjusted to be 80%, and the later stage is slightly reduced;
(4) transplanting non-woven fabric container bags: after 30 days, randomly lifting seedlings at regular intervals and observing, and uniformly transplanting the seedlings when the root systems of the seedlings break through flower mud;
the transplanting process comprises the following steps: filling a substrate into the non-woven fabric bag for 4-6 cm, putting the nursery stock into the non-woven fabric bag, uniformly filling the substrate around the nursery stock until the distance from the bag opening is 1cm, watering thoroughly, and covering the seedbed with a plastic film; spraying 1000 times of chlorothalonil every seven days;
(5) transplanting in a field: when the temperature is slightly reduced in the early 9 months, the root system of the nursery stock is thick and strong, and the phenomenon that the container bag is broken through exists, and the nursery stock needs to be transplanted to a field; during transplanting, tearing off the non-woven fabric container bag by hand, transplanting with the substrate, watering thoroughly, and covering a sunshade net at the initial stage.
2. The method for cutting and seedling raising of the compound-color crape myrtle according to claim 1, wherein the cutting into small segments of cutting slips in the step (1) is specifically as follows: cutting the semi-lignified branches into cutting slips with the length of 8-10 cm, cutting an upper cut flatly, wherein the distance between the upper cut and the upper end of a first bud is 10mm, the first bud at the upper end of the cutting slips is ensured to be complete, and 2-3 leaves are left at the upper end; the upper end of the lower incision is selected from the base of a bud, and the cutting angle is about 45 degrees.
3. The method for raising seedlings of crape myrtle by cutting according to claim 2, wherein the treating solution in the step (1) is 200 mg/L indolebutyric acid.
4. The method for raising seedlings of crape myrtle by cutting according to claim 3, wherein the specification and the size of the non-woven fabric container bag in the step (4) are as follows: the diameter was 9cm and the height was 12 cm.
5. The method for cuttage seedling raising of compound-color crape myrtle according to claim 4, wherein the substrates in the step (4) are garden soil, turfy soil and vermiculite which are sieved and mixed according to a ratio of 2:1:1, and 2 kg of 15-5-10 compound fertilizer is added to each cubic meter of the substrates to be uniformly mixed.
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| CN110140535A (en) * | 2019-02-01 | 2019-08-20 | 海南省农业科学院热带园艺研究所 | A kind of mao of calyx crape myrtle seedling rapid propagation method |
| CN115380717A (en) * | 2022-09-21 | 2022-11-25 | 滨州市公用事业服务中心 | Container hardwood cutting seedling raising method for lagerstroemia indica red leaves |
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| CN104145796A (en) * | 2014-08-20 | 2014-11-19 | 宁波市鄞州云帆工程咨询有限公司 | Wintersweet green branch cuttage method |
| CN104255235A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2015-01-07 | 宁波市鄞州云帆工程咨询有限公司 | Bougainvillea spectabilis mud matrix cuttage method |
| CN104798564B (en) * | 2014-12-10 | 2017-01-25 | 张烨 | Rose cuttage reproduction method taking flower mud as matrix |
| CN104938279A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-09-30 | 广德月亮湾农林生态开发有限公司 | Plastic film shed cutting seedling raising method for crape myrtle twig |
| CN105145302B (en) * | 2015-09-10 | 2018-11-02 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广总站 | The method for carrying out mulberry tree cuttage and quick-propagation with flower mud |
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