CN1748461A - Green branch cuttage breeding method for grassland cherry - Google Patents
Green branch cuttage breeding method for grassland cherry Download PDFInfo
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- CN1748461A CN1748461A CN 200510010446 CN200510010446A CN1748461A CN 1748461 A CN1748461 A CN 1748461A CN 200510010446 CN200510010446 CN 200510010446 CN 200510010446 A CN200510010446 A CN 200510010446A CN 1748461 A CN1748461 A CN 1748461A
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Abstract
The present invention relates to green branch cuttage breeding method for grassland cherry, and belongs to asexual propagation technology of plant. Cutting shoot is taken from available grassland cherry mother tree. The green branch cuttage breeding method includes the following steps: preparing cuttage bed with turf and sand as medium and covering double-layer arched sunshading film; cutting shoot from the mother tree and setting inside water in some container for inserting; regular watering after inserting, maintaining the humidity and ventilation and sunshading to promote growth; weeding, preventing disease and pests; and winter management. The method has high seedling survival rate.
Description
[affiliated technical field]
The present invention relates to cherry vegetative propagation technique field, grassland, particularly a kind of grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding method.
[background technology]
Grassland cherry (Cerasus fruticosa) belongs to the rose department cherry genus plant, originate in European east, middle part, Siberia one band, China's introducing and planting starts from 1988, introduce ' hope ', ' kind such as mark Xi Mofusikaya ' by Sa Wenke gardening research institute in the Russian Siberia of department of horticulture of Dongbei Agricultural College, observe by the researchs in surplus ten years, the grassland cherry a lot of local outdoor croppings coldly all show adaptability by force, grow well, advantages such as no freeze injury, no damage by disease and insect.About " hope " plant height 2m, about single fruit weight 4g; About " mark Xi Mofusikaya " plant height 1.5m, single fruit is smaller than the former, and its fruit can be eaten raw, and has ornamental value.Show as tree performance and be clump shape, leaf is long and narrow, the keratin light, and floral white, fruit is scarlet, and carpopodium is long, and fruit density is big, and the time of really is long, can both attract the visitor to stop by spring to the autumn and view and admire.
The grassland cherry is that rare both being fit in cold ground is eaten raw, extremely is fit to the multi-functional fruit tree that urban landscaping is viewed and admired again, has very big promotion development and is worth, but owing to lack suitable propagation method, limited the popularization of this rare tree.By experimental study, big with seminal propagation offspring variation amplitude, too slow again with the root turion reproduction speed, do not find out suitable stock as yet with propagation by grafiting, and easily split folding and cause damage by disease and insect from interface.In recent years domestic some local employing tissue culture propagating, but fund input and technical difficulty are big, and group is trained the cost height and is difficult for grasp and utilization.
Russia carries out the green wood cutting breeding in booth, utilization atomizing cuttage device and root-growing agent, and this has the input cost height equally, the problem of technical management difficulty.Prior art by retrieval, 2003103444.8) and " a kind of Folium llicis Latifoliae cuttage and seedling culture method " (application number: patent application such as 03151068.X) domestic existing " Chinese catalpa green wood cutting asexual rapid propagation method " (application number:, described breeding of above-mentioned technology and seedling-cultivating method process are basic identical, but, particularly on the links such as canopy film structure, Temperature and Humidity Control, overwintering technology obvious difference is arranged at some concrete key techniques because there is very big-difference in selected seeds area different and cultivation.At present for the grassland cherry breeding do not find out also that reproduction speed is fast, method is simple and easy, small investment, easy to operate, effective ways that survival rate is high.
[summary of the invention]
The objective of the invention is to solve the deficiency of grassland cherry propagation method in the past, for northern cold ground area provides a kind of small investment, simple to operate, reproduction speed is fast, survival rate is high grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding method.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems may further comprise the steps:
With the peat composed of rotten mosses and sand is that matrix is made slotting machine, adopt double-deck canopy film shed sunshade net to cover, in cuttage period, cut plugged ear and put into the container that is filled with water, with inserting with getting, regularly to water after the cuttage, take the to preserve moisture ventilation and the measure of shading promote growth, process of growth also will according to circumstances be taked weeding, diseases prevention, insect protected measure, carries out overwinter management when going into the winter.
Among the present invention, slotting machine matrix gas permeability and good water-retaining property, thickness is 5-8cm, and the optimum volume ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses and fine sand is 3: 1, and the rotten degree of the peat composed of rotten mosses should be little.
Among the present invention, shed can be split with other material with reinforcing bar, bamboo and make, and highly is 0.6m, wide 1.3m, and long 3m, the 0.5-0.6m place establishes shading shed apart from the shed top.
Among the present invention, cuttage is chosen in late May to early June period, and the plugged ear of clip is good with the semi-lignified state on the elite stand, and cutting length is preferably 7-8cm, band 1-2 sheet mature leaf.
Among the present invention, under the situation that slotting machine matrix is loosened, plugged ear directly can be inserted matrix, degree of depth 3-5cm, seeding row spacing 7-8 * 10-12cm, to vertical, the blade on each plugged ear is parallel to each other, blade and face of land 1-2cm distance with capable for blade.
Among the present invention, the water temperature in the pond of natural preheating is used for water spray after the cuttage in 15-25 ℃ of scope.
Among the present invention, after cuttage initial 10 days, sooner or later respectively watered water 1 time every day, and after the cuttage 11-20 days, water water every morning 1 time, watered water 1 time in 21-30 days per two days after the cuttage, after this water the water spacer fate and take the circumstances into consideration to increase, the number of times that waters reduces.
Among the present invention, cuttage (was inserted back about 25 days) before not taking root and should be paid special attention to keep air humidity more than 80%, and soil humidity is suitable, behind the part cuttage rooting, should begin to ventilate, time at ventilation initial stage is easily short, extends gradually later on, should remove the canopy film behind most of cuttage rooting.
Among the present invention, cuttage begins and should in time shade, and daytime, temperature of shed was no more than 30 degrees centigrade.
Among the present invention, diseases prevention, insect protected are noted in weeding in time after the cuttage, can spray the routed 1500 times of aqueous solution control of cloth bacterium when leaf spot takes place, and insect pest is stirred ripe corn flour with 100 times of chlorophos solution make period poison bait.
Among the present invention, northern area can be at late October fallen leaves backs lifting, can 50 strain a bundles, heel in the field, and bury native thick 10-15cm on the seedling bundle, transplant in the field next early April-the middle ten days in spring.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the survival rate height of seedling can reach more than 80%; Seedling raise period shortens greatly, and reproductive efficiency obviously improves.
[embodiment]
Embodiment 1:
One. slotting machine
(1) slotting machine specification slotting machine thing prolongs, long 10～15m, and the wide 1.2m of bed surface, two 0.5m at interval, bed surface is little to be higher than the former face of land, and bed soil is in small, broken bits, and is loose smooth.
(2) matrix on slotting machine matrix bed surface top layer is based on the peat composed of rotten mosses, and fine sand is auxilliary, and its volume ratio is 3: 1, mixes thoroughly, is laid on the slotting machine top layer, thickness 5～8cm.
The rotten degree of the peat composed of rotten mosses should be little, and sand should be silty sand, and both have air permeability and good and moisture capacity at institute's matrix prepared.
Two. shed
Shed can be manufactured with reinforcing bar, and it highly is 0.6m, wide 1.3m, and long 3m, this shed is durable, is convenient to move.Also available bamboo is split son and does shed.Multiple double-layer plastic canopy film above the shed.Up establish shading shed apart from the about 0.5～0.6m in shed top place again, shading shed is by iron support, and iron wire and sunshade net are formed.
Three. the preheating pond
Underground water (well water) temperature has only about 9 ℃, and temperature is on the low side, sprays this water and is unfavorable for cuttage rooting.Therefore, this test is provided with the natural preheating pond, and water temperature roughly maintains in 15～25 ℃ of scopes.Use for water spray after the cuttage.
Four, plugged ear is prepared
In the green wood cutting March then, the elite stand of clip plugged ear is carried out heavy pruning, especially want many cutting backs, stimulate multiple long young sprout, for the clip plugged ear.Transplant a cutting Ying Suiyong with cutting, avoid dehydration as far as possible.The plugged ear of clip is good with the semi-lignified state from the elite stand, and it is low to cross tender person's survival rate.Every cutting length 7～8cm is with 1～2 mature leaf.The plugged ear of cutting is put into the container that is filled with water, with inserting with getting.
Five. cottage method
(1) cuttage thinks that the relation of cuttage period and survival rate, seedling quality is close especially period through experimental study for many years, and concrete condition sees the following form.
Show different the cuttage survival rate and the seedling quality relation in period
| Cutting time | Investigation strain number | Survive the strain number | The above strain number of plant height 10cm | Survival rate (%) | The above person of plant height 10cm accounts for percentage (%) |
| June 24 June 14 May 25 | 240 116 168 | 201 66 63 | 150 42 14 | 83.3 56.9 37.5 | 74.6 63.6 22.2 |
Annotate: experimental cultivar is for wishing
Cuttage period is the best with late May～early June.In addition, preferably select cloudy day or the lower weather of temperature during cuttage.Late May need cooperate the greenhouse grassland cherry of planting during green wood cutting, to cultivate elite stand in advance, for the usefulness of clip plugged ear.The early June cuttage can be transplanted a cutting by the field clip.
Cuttage is obtained too early and transplant a cutting difficulty period; Spend evening, the weather sweltering heat, the canopy temperature is difficult to control, cuttage is easily failed, and promptly enables some and survives, nursery stock is also very short and small, even does not have young sprout to take place, when still having only cuttage with 1～2 leaf.In addition, when surpassing June 20 according to observations, because of most of young sprout has formed bud, it is very bad that this young sprout is done the plugged ear effect, performance root of hair difficulty, the difficult young sprout of sending out, and the next spring from the axil of plugged ear, send inflorescence and yield positive results, and young sprout is not slowly sent out, nursery stock is very small and weak, must extract inflorescence, very trouble again for inspiring young sprout.
(2) cottage method can directly insert matrix with plugged ear, about the degree of depth 3～5cm under the situation that slotting machine matrix is loosened, seeding row spacing 7～8 * 10～12cm, to vertical, the blade on each plugged ear is parallel to each other with capable for blade, blade does not suffer the face of land (stromal surface), with the face of land distance of 1～2cm is arranged.
Six. manage after the cuttage
Should to make moisture soak into matrix with inserting with water spray, and and then multiple double-deck canopy film button shed, when sunny temperature is higher, also to cover the sunshade net thereon.After the cuttage of whole bed finished, canopy film periphery was wanted compacting, avoids ventilative, to preserve moisture.For watering conveniently, compactings such as brick, flitch can be used in the north side of canopy film.After this main management has following several respects:
(1) watered after the cuttage initial 10 days, sooner or later respectively water water 1 time every day, and after the cuttage 11～20 days, water water every morning 1 time, watered water 1 time in 21～30 days per 2 days after the cuttage, after this water the water spacer fate and take the circumstances into consideration to increase, the number of times that waters reduces.
(2) preserve moisture and the skewer fringe (insert back about 25 days) before not taking root that ventilates should be specifically noted that and keeps air humidity (more than 80%) and soil humidity, otherwise easily make plugged ear death.Should begin to ventilate behind the part cuttage rooting, the time at initial stage of ventilating should lack, and extends gradually later on, should remove the canopy film behind most of cuttage rooting.
(3) shade behind the multiple duplicature of cuttage button canopy, temperature of shed sharply rises, and through being everlasting more than 40 ℃, burns seedling easily, therefore begins just to must be noted that the cooling of in time shading by cuttage, makes daytime temperature of shed be no more than 30 ℃.Should shade June when the Border in Harbin Area sunny day in general about 9 o'clock, removed the thing that shades up to 16～17 o'clock.Overcast and rainyly do not shade.When removing the canopy film, shading shed is also wanted corresponding removing.
(4) have a large amount of weeds after the weeding cuttage in about 20 days and take place, should select overcast and rainy weeding as far as possible.After this also will be according to weeds growth and decline situation weeding 2～3 times.
(5) diseases prevention, insect protected can be sprayed the routed 1500 times of aqueous solution of cloth bacterium and prevent and treat because leaf spot is easily taken place the interior high humidity of canopy during morbidity.Main insect pest has mole cricket during the button canopy, should stir ripe corn flour with 100 times of chlorophos solution and make poison bait, is stacked in the canopy in the dusk time-division and traps and kills.
(6) remove management behind the shed
The cutting survival seedling is being removed the shed initial stage, because root system is few, root is shallow, drought-resistant ability is poor, thus to often water according to the soil moisture situation, along with cuttage seeding is long gradually prosperous, the corresponding minimizing of the number of times that waters.Insect pest seldom, but some field piece will be paid special attention to causing harm of control of grubs.
(7) overwinter management
Late October fallen leaves backs lifting, 50 strains, 1 bundle is planted in the field, buries the thick 10～15cm of soil on the seedling bundle.Transplant in the field next early April～the middle ten days in spring.
Embodiment 2: cutting time is selected in the mid-June and the last ten-days period, and compare just cuttage with embodiment 1 late partially period, and all the other operations of seedling raising process are identical with embodiment 1.Then seedling is very little then inclined to one side evening for cutting time, so lifting is not directly survived the winter on the seedbed.Water freeze-up water in late October before surviving the winter, again with coverings such as stalk or weeds, the next spring (late April) removes covering after a few days, grows on the spot 1 year, and autumn or next year go out the garden transplant or field planting spring then.
Claims (10)
1, a kind of grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding method, it is characterized in that this method comprises following working procedure: with the peat composed of rotten mosses and sand is that matrix is made slotting machine, adopts double-deck canopy film shed sunshade net to cover; In cuttage period, cut plugged ear and put into the container that is filled with water, with inserting with getting; Regularly water the underground water of natural preheating after the cuttage, take the to preserve moisture ventilation and the measure of shading promote growth; Process of growth also will according to circumstances be taked weeding, diseases prevention, insect protected measure; Carry out overwinter management when going into the winter.
2, as claims 1 described grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding method, it is characterized in that, described slotting machine matrix gas permeability and good water-retaining property, thickness is 5-8cm, and the optimum volume ratio of the peat composed of rotten mosses and fine sand is 3: 1, and the rotten degree of the peat composed of rotten mosses should be little.
3, as claims 1 described grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding method, it is characterized in that described shed can be split with other material with reinforcing bar, bamboo and make, and highly is 0.6m, wide 1.3m, long 3m, the 0.5-0.6m place establishes shading shed apart from the shed top.
4, as claims 1 described grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding method, it is characterized in that, in green wood cutting March then, the elite stand of reply plugged ear is pruned, and especially wants many cutting backs, to stimulate multiple long young sprout, described cuttage is chosen in late May to early June period, the plugged ear of clip is good with the semi-lignified state on the elite stand, and cutting length is preferably 7-8cm, band 1-2 sheet mature leaf.
5, as claim 1,4 described grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding methods, under the situation that slotting machine matrix is loosened, plugged ear directly can be inserted matrix, degree of depth 3-5cm, seeding row spacing 7-8 * 10-12cm, to vertical, the blade on each plugged ear is parallel to each other, blade and face of land 1-2cm distance with capable for blade.
6, as claims 1 described grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding method, it is characterized in that, water temperature in the pond of natural preheating is in 15-25 ℃ of scope, after cuttage initial 10 days, sooner or later respectively water 1 time water every day, after the cuttage 11-20 days, water water every morning 1 time, watered 1 time water after the cuttage in 21-30 days per two days, after this watering the water spacer fate takes the circumstances into consideration to increase, the number of times that waters reduces, and cuttage (was inserted back about 25 days) before not taking root and should be paid special attention to keep air humidity more than 80%, and soil humidity is suitable, behind the part cuttage rooting, should begin to ventilate, time at ventilation initial stage is easily short, extends gradually later on, should remove the canopy film behind most of cuttage rooting.
7, as claims 1,6 described grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding methods, cuttage begins and should in time shade, and daytime, temperature of shed was no more than 30 degrees centigrade.
8, as claims 1,6 described grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding methods, weeding in time after the cuttage, note diseases prevention, insect protected, can spray the routed 1500 times of aqueous solution control of cloth bacterium when leaf spot takes place, insect pest is stirred ripe corn flour with 100 times of chlorophos solution make period poison bait.
9, as claims 1 described grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding method, northern area can be at late October fallen leaves backs lifting, can 50 strain a bundles, heel in the field, and bury native thick 10-15cm on the seedling bundle, next early April in spring transplanted in the field to the middle ten days.
10, as claims 1 described grassland cherry green branch cuttage breeding method, cutting time also can be chosen in the mid-June and the last ten-days period since cutting time then seedling is very little then inclined to one side evening, lifting is not directly survived the winter on the seedbed.Water freeze-up water in late October before surviving the winter, again with coverings such as stalk or weeds, the next spring (late April) removes covering after a few days, grows on the spot 1 year, and autumn or next year go out the garden transplant or field planting spring then.
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| CN 200510010446 CN1748461A (en) | 2005-10-20 | 2005-10-20 | Green branch cuttage breeding method for grassland cherry |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102007863A (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2011-04-13 | 大连东芳果菜专业合作社 | Cherry root stock cutting and grafting method |
| CN102652491A (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-05 | 上海博翼有机农业技术发展有限公司 | Organic cherry pest control method |
| CN103168654A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-06-26 | 新疆农业大学 | Rapid rooting method of tianshanica cerasus green wood cutting |
| CN105325232A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-02-17 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Cherry stock cuttage fast breeding method |
| CN108283064A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-07-17 | 东营黄蓝知识产权运营管理有限公司 | The green branch cuttage breeding method of kostelezkya virginica |
| CN111990076A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-27 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Fruit tree stock breeding method |
-
2005
- 2005-10-20 CN CN 200510010446 patent/CN1748461A/en active Pending
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102007863A (en) * | 2010-11-11 | 2011-04-13 | 大连东芳果菜专业合作社 | Cherry root stock cutting and grafting method |
| CN102652491A (en) * | 2011-03-04 | 2012-09-05 | 上海博翼有机农业技术发展有限公司 | Organic cherry pest control method |
| CN103168654A (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2013-06-26 | 新疆农业大学 | Rapid rooting method of tianshanica cerasus green wood cutting |
| CN103168654B (en) * | 2013-04-08 | 2015-04-22 | 新疆农业大学 | Rapid rooting method of tianshanica cerasus green wood cutting |
| CN105325232A (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2016-02-17 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Cherry stock cuttage fast breeding method |
| CN105325232B (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2018-06-29 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | A kind of cherry root stock cutting fast breeding method |
| CN108283064A (en) * | 2017-04-27 | 2018-07-17 | 东营黄蓝知识产权运营管理有限公司 | The green branch cuttage breeding method of kostelezkya virginica |
| CN111990076A (en) * | 2020-08-19 | 2020-11-27 | 河北省农林科学院昌黎果树研究所 | Fruit tree stock breeding method |
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Open date: 20060322 |