CN113348884B

CN113348884B - Malus asiatica semi-hard branch cutting seedling raising method

Info

Publication number: CN113348884B
Application number: CN202110695957.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈菁瑛; 刘保财; 张武君; 黄颖桢; 赵云青
Original assignee: Institute of Agricultural Biological Resources of Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Crop Research Institute Of Fujian Academy Of Agricultural Sciences Fujian Provincial Germplasm Resources Center
Priority date: 2021-06-23
Filing date: 2021-06-23
Publication date: 2023-05-12
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-23
Also published as: CN113348884A

Abstract

The application relates to a method for raising seedlings of a bluish semi-hard wood by cutting, which mainly comprises the following steps of: (1) constructing a bluish cutting nursery (2) and rejuvenating and cultivating stock plants (3) and building a bluish breeding nursery (4), cutting bluish semi-hard branch cutting (5), disinfecting treatment before bluish semi-hard branch cutting (6), and managing after cutting (7) of bluish semi-hard branch cutting. The invention solves the problems that the prior art of cutting and raising seedlings of the Chinese kale is more than spring scion taking, the top tender branch cutting is adopted, the plant branches are less, the stem and leaf yield is low, the seedling management time is long, the management cost is high, and the like, and the invention has the advantages that the cutting is carried out by adopting the Chinese kale semi-hard branch scion which is at least 6 sections, each strip has at least 2 branches and the base 2-3 sections are semi-lignified and is grown by the germination of the axillary buds in middle and last ten days of 11 months, and the invention can breed a large number of high-quality Chinese kale seedlings in a short period, has stable excellent characters, low lodging rate, high rooting rate and transplanting survival rate, high stem and leaf yield, short seedling management time, low cost and the like.

Description

Malus asiatica semi-hard branch cutting seedling raising method

Technical Field

The application relates to a method for cutting seedling of semi-hard branches of bluish dogbane, which is applied to the field of cutting seedling of bluish dogbane.

Background

Martin Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek is a herb of Acanthaceae (Acanthaceae), and is mainly distributed in south and southwest China. The dark blue powder or the agglomerate prepared by processing the leaves and stems of the Indian kalimeris herb is natural indigo, is a bulk Chinese medicinal material, and has the effects of clearing heat and detoxicating, cooling blood and removing spots, purging pathogenic fire and arresting convulsion. The rhizome and root of the Chinese medicinal herb, namely the south radix isatidis, is cleaned and dried to prepare the Chinese medicinal herb, namely the bulk south radix isatidis, and has the effects of clearing heat and detoxicating, cooling blood and removing spots (see national pharmacopoeia Committee, the pharmacopoeia of the people's republic of China [ M ]. Beijing: chinese medical science and technology Press, 2015, one: 260). The stem and leaf of the Indian kalimeris herb is processed into the Indian kalimeris herb leaf in the south of China, the Indian kalimeris herb is used as the medicine, and the Indian kalimeris herb has the effects of clearing heat and detoxicating, cooling blood, arresting convulsion and the like (see the cultivation technology and the comprehensive application of the Indian kalimeris herb [ M ]. Guangdong scientific and teaching press, zhang Danyan and the like, and 2014). The Indian kalimeris herb is high in utilization value and large in market demand, however, the wild resources are unstable in quality and cannot meet the market demand, and therefore artificial seedling and standardized planting are needed.

Research reports and published patents show that the seedling raising method of the bluish is characterized by 3 types of seed sowing, tissue culture and cutting propagation. Seed sowing and propagation of seedling, wherein the used seeds are sexual offspring, genetic separation exists, the seedling cannot completely maintain the good quality of female parent, the collection time of the bluish seeds must be accurately mastered, the fruit shells are easy to crack when completely blackened, the seeds cannot be picked up to lose, the seeds are too tender when the fruit shells are not blackened, and the germination rate is not high; furthermore, du Peixin (biological property research of Kalimeris indica (south radix Isatidis) [ D ]. Guangzhou: university of Chinese medicine, 2008,9-11) reports that the root system of the Kalimeris indica seed seedling is superficial and the fibrous root is undeveloped and easy to lodge; "method for raising seedlings by using bluish seeds" (application number 201710720762.2) also does not describe a method for collecting seeds; therefore, seed seedling raising is rarely applied to production. The tissue culture technology of the Indian kalimeris herb has been invented patent 'isolated culture method of the Indian kalimeris herb' (patent number ZL 2005100109240) and research paper report (Zhang Limei, etc. tissue culture of the immature seeds of the Indian kalimeris herb [ J ]. Plant physiological communication, 2007, 43 (3); chen Ruifang. Tissue culture technology of the Indian kalimeris herb and vitrification prevention and treatment measure research [ D ]; sun Yunling, etc. tissue culture and rapid propagation technology research of the Indian kalimeris herb [ J ]; modern agriculture technology, 2010 (9): 102-103), but the tissue culture production condition and technical requirement are relatively high, the production cost is high, and the method cannot be widely popularized at present. The cutting propagation conditions are low in requirements, the technology is easy to master and popularize, and offspring seedlings can keep the excellent characters of parents, so that the method has wide application prospects.

At present, the prior patents and research papers in China disclose the research and practice of the cutting seedling raising technology of the Indian kalimeris herb, but the following problems exist: firstly, no cutting nursery is built, no rejuvenation cultivation method of high-quality cutting is built, the cutting is taken in a cultivation field, and the perennial old stump of the Chinese kale on the cultivation field carries multiple pathogens so that the cutting strips cut on the cultivation field have the disease, the germplasm degradation is serious, the robust development branches are few, the growth is inconsistent, the young twig or the aging branch is not the high-quality cutting, and the seedling growth vigor, the resistance is poor, the frequency of diseases and insect pests and the yield are low; secondly, the operation of cutting seedling is not scientific, so that the cutting process carries a disease source and an insect source; thirdly, the seedlings which are cut by the top tender branches are planted in a field and have few tillering slow branches; fourthly, the spring cutting needs to be managed for one year for coming out of the nursery, so that seedling management time and cost are increased (only 5-6 months of management are needed in the application); fifthly, the occurrence of root rot after planting of the cutting seedlings is not tracked and inspected. Zhang Danyan et al (south China university of Chinese medicine journal, 2011, 28 (6): 636-642) adopts field shoots as cutting slips, and does not track and examine the influence of the field shoots on the yield; the method for raising seedlings by cutting the south radix isatidis (application number 201710915094.9), the method for interplanting the south radix isatidis and the corn (application number 201710911374.2) and the method for planting the south radix isatidis in stony desertification mountains (application number 201710912453.5) are all characterized in that the method for raising seedlings by cutting the south radix isatidis in spring field adopts top tender branch cutting, the survival rate of water loss is low, the planting in spring cutting is in summer and autumn if the planting in current year is slow, the yield in current year is low, the seedling management time is prolonged by one year if the planting in next year is planted in spring, and the management cost is increased; and the method is influenced by the uncertainty of germination of a large number of single-rod seedlings, and has the phenomena of rapid germination of terminal buds, strong growth vigor at the top ends, few plant branches and low stem and leaf yield after transplanting and field planting. The standardized planting method of the south isatis (patent number 201410229935.7) adopts short branch main branches with 3-4 buds reserved for more than 3 years, and the seedlings are transplanted after 3 months to 5 middle ten days of cutting, so that the seedling management cost is increased. Zhu Zhenli (research on cultivation technique of high-quality seedlings of Kalimeris indica [ J ]. Strait pharmaceutical, 2009, 21 (4): 87-88) adopts 3-4 buds and leaves to cut off half of stems for cutting in 10 months, and is also used for picking spikes in a field without constructing a cutting garden.

Therefore, the method for raising the seedlings of the gynostemma pentaphylla by half cutting, which can be used for breeding a large amount of seedlings of the gynostemma pentaphylla with good quality in a short period, has stable excellent characters, low lodging rate, high rooting rate and transplanting survival rate, high stem and leaf yield, low morbidity, less diseases, excellent quality, low cost and easy popularization, is becoming urgent need.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the defects that the prior art of cutting seedling raising is more than picking the scions in spring, top tender branch cutting is adopted, and the defects of less plant branches, low stem and leaf yield, long seedling management time, high management cost and the like exist, the application provides a method for cutting seedling raising of the semi-hard branches of the bluish, which is characterized in that the cutting is carried out by adopting at least 6 sections of the bluish semi-hard branch scions which are germinated and grown by axillary buds in the middle and late ten days of 11 months, each section has at least 2 branches, and the 2-3 sections of the base are semi-lignified, and the method has the advantages of being capable of breeding a large number of high-quality bluish seedlings in a short period, stable in excellent characters, low in lodging rate, high in rooting rate and transplanting survival rate, short in seedling management time, low in cost and the like.

The technical scheme of the application is as follows:

the method for raising seedlings of the bluish semi-hard wood by cutting mainly comprises the following steps of:

(1) Establishing a bluish breeding nursery: selecting a field block which has good ventilation and is used as a field for water culture as a bluish red seedling breeding nursery, making furrows in the breeding nursery, and digging a plurality of cutting furrows on each furrow surface;

(2) Cutting the semi-hard branches and spikes of the bluish red: cutting the maroon semi-hard branch spike with at least 6 knots, at least 2 branches per strip and semi-lignified basal 2-3 knots growing from the germination of the axillary buds by using a sterilized cutter in the middle and late 11 months; the top incision of the spike strip is a flat incision, the basal incision is an inclined incision, and the interval between the inclined incision and the adjacent leaf sections is 0.5-2.0cm;

(3) Sterilizing treatment before cutting of the semi-hard branches of the bluish red: bundling the spike strips obtained in the step (2) according to the alignment of the flat cut ends and the inclined cut ends, wherein each 30-50 spike strips are bundled, putting the bundle into a disinfectant for disinfection treatment for 3-6min, and replacing the disinfectant after each 30-50 bundle of spike strips are treated;

(4) Cutting of the semi-hard branches and spikes of the bluish red: adopting a strip cutting method, and discharging scion strips in the dug cutting ditch at an angle of 45-60 degrees, a plant spacing of 2-3cm and a row spacing of 10-15 cm; 3-4 sections of the base of the spike are buried into soil during earthing, and 3-4 sections of the top of the spike are left to expose the soil surface; covering soil, watering thoroughly, covering transparent plastic film on the spike, and covering sunshade net with sunshade rate of 35-45% or 3-5 layers of crop straw to preserve heat and prevent direct sunlight;

(5) And (3) post-cutting management: after cutting, the regulation and control management of temperature and humidity and light intensity are enhanced, the temperature and humidity are regulated by uncovering a transparent plastic film and spraying water, the relative humidity of air is kept at 68-72% and the temperature is kept at 21-28 ℃, and additional fertilizer is carried out by combining with moisture management; after 25-30 days of cutting primordia germinate, uncovering a sunshade net or pumping out crop straws for 4-6 hours in time to strengthen photosynthesis, promote seedling growth, strengthen and promote rooting; after rooting is stable, replacing the covered sunshade net with the sunshade rate of 35-45% and the sunshade net with the sunshade rate of 25-30%, or pumping out crop straws 1-2 times, and pumping out 1-2 layers of crop straws each time to strengthen illumination for culturing big seedlings; and the big seedling can be used for transplanting in spring of the next year.

The cutting seedling method of the semi-hard branches of the bluish dogbane is preferably used for cutting the bluish dogbane which is grown in the middle and late 11 months and has at least 6 knots, each piece has at least 2 branches, and the basal parts of the pieces are semi-lignified bluish dogbane spike branches. The method has the advantages that the spring and summer of the bluish-red plant grow vigorously, sufficient nutrition is accumulated, the winter and initial temperatures are reduced gradually, the plant height and the branch growth speed are slowed down, at the moment, the half-hard branch spike with full growth is cut, plant nutrition is used for filling the branches, the main chemical components of indigo and the like are separated out in 11 months to be lowest, at the moment, black secretion (indigo) at the base of the cut spike is little, the cutting rooting rate can be effectively improved, the period of time that the cut is easily blackened due to active secretion of the chemical components is avoided, and the survival rate is improved. And because the internode endogenous hormone content is high and the activity is vigorous, the rooting is facilitated, 1-2 segments of leaves at the bottom of the spike strip are sheared, and the leaves at the top are reserved for photosynthesis, a large amount of nutrition can be manufactured, and rooting is promoted. The prior art and research reports all consider that the cutting of the Indian kalimeris herb in spring is good. Compared with the conventional spring cutting seedling method, the seedling management time can be shortened by 6 months, the cost is effectively reduced, the outstanding problems of few branches, high single-pole seedling proportion (shown in fig. 1-2), high canopy bias rate, low stem leaf yield and the like of the seedlings cultivated in the prior art are solved, the transplanting survival rate can reach more than 95%, the transplanting survival rate does not need to be covered after transplanting and field planting, the plants are fast to recover to grow and tillering is more (shown in fig. 4-5), the growth is tidy, the management is convenient, the popularization is easy, the problem that the seeds Miao Zhugen grow thin and shallow, the fibrous roots are less and easy to lodge is solved, the incidence of root rot is greatly reduced, the cost and labor investment are reduced, the pesticide usage amount is reduced, the yield and the quality are improved, and the application prospect is wide. In general, the method has the advantages of stable excellent properties, low lodging rate, high rooting rate and transplanting survival rate, high stem and leaf yield, short seedling management time, low cost and the like, and can be used for breeding a large number of high-quality gynostemma pentaphylla seedlings in a short period to meet production requirements.

In addition, the technical scheme is further improved as follows:

the method for raising seedlings by cutting the semi-hard branches of the bluish dogbane also comprises the following steps sequentially carried out before the step of cutting the semi-hard branches of the bluish dogbane:

(1-1) construction of a bluish cutting nursery: the cutting nursery is established as a field block of a water-made field before the selection of a cultivation area far away from the field; the method comprises the steps of (1) screening and listing the healthy and plant diseases and insect pests-free indian kalimeris herb in a field cultivation area, shearing the indian kalimeris herb with at least 6 sections by using a disinfected cutter on a cloudy day of 10-11 months, cutting the indian kalimeris herb with at least 2 branches each and semi-lignified base sections 2-3, dipping a base incision in Huang Zhan slurry containing 0.4-0.6% by mass of indoleacetic acid and 0.4-0.6% by mass of naphthylacetic acid, and then planting the multi-spike deep-planting holes at an angle of 30-45 degrees in spike cutting gardens of ridged whole ridges to serve as spike cutting stock plants; then, timely watering the root fixing water, covering a transparent plastic film above 40cm of the upper end of the cutting slip, and covering a sunshade net with a sunshade rate of 35-45 percent on the transparent plastic film;

(1-2) rejuvenating and cultivating scion stock plants: 20-40d after cutting of cutting nursery, additional fertilizer is applied for 1-2 times, 40d after cutting is carried out until the cutting nursery is out, the transparent plastic film and the sunshade net are uncovered between 7 to 10 points and 16 to 18 points every day to strengthen illumination; topping and pruning in the last 5 th to the middle 6 th of the next year, pruning the mother plant and the top branch sections of the branches, reserving 2-4 sections at the lower end, topdressing and spraying a growth regulator to promote the germination, the light-extraction and the tillering of the axillary buds of the plants; topping and pruning again when the lengths of all branches exceed 5-8cm so as to culture multi-branched scion stock plants;

And (2) cutting the semi-hard branches and ears of the Indian kalimeris herb in the step of cutting the semi-hard branches and ears of the Indian kalimeris herb in the step (1-2) after rejuvenation cultivation.

Compared with the method for directly cutting the bluish ear pieces from the field in the conventional bluish seedling culture, the bluish semi-hard branch cutting seedling culture method of the application is further provided with the steps of constructing a cutting garden, rejuvenating and cultivating a cutting stock plant and the like before cutting the bluish semi-hard branch ear pieces, the method is characterized in that the field is widely used for selecting optimal plants, the excellent clone cultivated by the ear piece hole planting of the optimal plants is used as the cutting stock plant (see figure 3), the cutting garden is constructed, the plant row spacing is enlarged, the planting density is reduced, ventilation and light transmission are facilitated, the topping and pruning are timely carried out, the light intensity is regulated and the water and fertilizer management is enhanced, the robust stock plant with few and more branches is cultivated, the quantity and the quality of the cutting stock plant are improved, and the excellent genetic characteristics of the stock plant are maintained.

For cutting propagation of herbaceous plants, a field scion cutting method is generally adopted by the person in the field, and no matter the quality of scions and the harm of diseases and insects exist, no standard of seedling quality exists. In addition, as the herbaceous plants grow faster, the method of wide-range thin harvest is mostly adopted, namely if the quality of seedlings is poor, diseases frequently occur after planting, the yield is low, and medicines are sprayed more, and the dead plants are pulled out and then reseed, so that the efficiency is low and the quality is poor. In order to pursue high-quality agricultural production, particularly for Chinese medicinal material enterprises, good scions with good quality are cultivated from the source. The cutting nursery is established by screening plants (excellent plants) which grow robustly and are free of diseases from a field, performing cutting planting (namely cutting rooting without transplanting), adopting a method of multi-spike deep cutting and thin planting, performing topping, topdressing nitrogen fertilizer and hormone spraying, promoting germination and extraction of axillary buds of cutting, and cultivating enough high-quality scions with branches. Firstly, quantitatively meeting cutting requirements; secondly, the occurrence rate of plant diseases and insect pests is reduced; thirdly, cutting seedling raising is carried out by adopting multi-branched scion, and after the seedling is planted out of the nursery, the branches are fast in tillering, the yield of stems and leaves is high, and the yield per mu is high. If 3-5 sections are deeply inserted into the soil of the 6-section 4-branch mother plant spike, the tillering is promoted after topping, topdressing and hormone spraying are carried out on one cutting spike, the 4 branches on the ground are at least grown into 8 branches, the same is carried out on the underground part, and tillering branches grow out on the ground at the branching positions and the leaf sections. 2-4 scions are deeply inserted into the multi-scion, at least 2 times of tillering branches are adopted, and the purposes of being capable of cultivating multiple branches, more scions and good quality are achieved. Solves the outstanding problems of few branches, high single-pole seedling proportion, high plant crown bias lodging rate and low stem and leaf yield of the nursery planting after the seedling cultivated in the prior art, and breeds a large amount of high-quality bluish dogwood seedlings in a short period to meet the production requirement. The spike is conventionally cut in the field, no intentional culture of the cutting nursery is performed, and the spike reaching the conditions and standards is few. The properties of the ears from the two different sources are differentiated as follows:

TABLE 1 Performance test results of different ear sources

As can be seen from the table, the cutting nursery has the advantages of high cutting supply number, fast rooting, high rooting rate, multiple rooting rates and low disease occurrence rate.

In addition, the multi-branch cutting dense cutting improves the breeding coefficient, and the cutting with leaves is beneficial to photosynthesis and high in coverage rate, so that the weed growth is effectively inhibited, and the cost of manual weeding is avoided.

In the step of rejuvenating and cultivating the stock plant, topping and pruning are carried out in the middle ten days of 5 months to the middle ten days of 6 months, at this time, the plant is in the midsummer of strong illumination after growing vigorously in spring and early summer to accumulate nutrition, the plant height growth is slowed down, nutrition is mainly used for branching, at this time topping promotes axillary buds to germinate and cultivate branches, and top buds are prevented from differentiating flower branches, and sufficient high-quality scions are provided for cutting and seedling raising. Preferably, the breeding nursery is built nearby the cutting nursery, so that convenience in management can be improved.

The seedlings which are bred by the method can grow into large seedlings in the spring of the next year for transplanting and field planting, the seedling management time is reduced compared with that of conventional spring cutting seedlings, the cost is reduced, the transplanting survival rate can reach more than 95%, the seedlings do not need to be shaded after transplanting and field planting, the plants are fast in growth recovery, more in tillering, regular in growth, low in root rot incidence, convenient to manage, the cost and labor investment are greatly reduced, the pesticide use amount is reduced, and the yield and quality of the bluish is improved.

In the step (2), cutting the semi-hard branches of the bluish dogwood, the disinfection method of the cutter for cutting the branches of the bluish dogwood comprises the following steps: the cutter is wiped or soaked by using a double long-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with the mass concentration of 800-1200mg/L for 10-20 minutes, and 90-110 scion strips are cut out once.

In the step (1-1) of constructing the bluish red cutting nursery, the disinfection method of the cutting tool for cutting the cutting strip comprises the following steps: the cutter is wiped or soaked by using a double long-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with the mass concentration of 800-1200mg/L for 10-20 minutes, and 90-110 scion strips are cut out once.

The sterilization of the cutter is commonly used in grafting of woody plants, particularly fruit trees, but in the prior art, in the cutting method of herb plants such as the bluish, the scion and the scissors are not sterilized. The double long-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant adopted during disinfection is less used for disinfecting agricultural implements, is mild in liquid property, does not hurt skin, is efficient and broad in spectrum, has sterilization and disinfection effects on bacteria, fungi, viruses and the like, and is more stable and does not hurt skin than the common chlorine-containing disinfectant (sodium hypochlorite, bleaching powder and the like). After the scissors are disinfected, the morbidity of seedling root rot and the like of cutting is greatly reduced compared with the morbidity of the prior art without disinfection, and the morbidity is effectively reduced.

In the disinfection treatment before the cutting of the semi-hard branches of the Indian kalimeris herb in the step (3), the disinfection solution adopts 2000-3000 times of prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate with the mass percentage of the active ingredients of 45 percent; or 3000 times of agricultural streptomycin sulfate solution with the mass percentage of the active ingredients of 72 percent is adopted.

The preferred disinfectant has good disinfection effect and does not harm the spike.

The step (1-1) is to construct a fixed planting stock plant of a bluish cutting nursery, and the adopted multi-cutting deep hole-inserting planting method mainly comprises the following steps of: digging holes according to the hole spacing of 25-35cm and the line spacing of 30-40cm, and mixing bacillus subtilis wettable powder (10 hundred million spores/gram of effective bacteria) with fine dry soil according to the weight ratio of 1:2.5-3.5, and then carrying out hole application, wherein the release amount of the bacillus subtilis wettable powder in each hole is 0.1-0.3g; then 2-4 semi-hard branches and spikes of the Indian kalimeris herb are planted in each hole, covered with soil and compacted, 3-4 sections of the base are buried in the soil, and 3-4 sections of branches and leaves of each spike are left to expose out of the soil surface.

In the step (1-2) of rejuvenating and cultivating the scion stock, the additional fertilizer frequency is that urea aqueous solution with the mass percent of 0.5-1.0% is poured for 1 time at intervals of 10-14 d.

The preferable technological parameters of topdressing and the fertilizer can improve the quality of the parent plant.

In the rejuvenation cultivation of scion stock plants in the step (1-2), the method for spraying the foliar fertilizer and the growth regulator comprises the following steps: mixing 0.1-0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 0.005-0.015% brassin aqueous solution by volume, and spraying onto branches and leaves until the surfaces of the branches and leaves are wet.

The preferred technological parameters of topdressing and spraying growth regulator and the fertilizer used can improve the quality of the parent plant.

In the rejuvenation cultivation of scion stock plants in the step (1-2), 1 time of agricultural streptomycin is sprayed after each topping and pruning, wherein the agricultural streptomycin is 3500-6000 times of agricultural streptomycin soluble powder with the active ingredient content of 72% in mass percent.

The optimized working procedure of spraying agricultural streptomycin after topping and pruning and the agricultural streptomycin concentration can reduce the risk of parent plant infection diseases.

In the post-cutting management of the step (5), the specific steps of topdressing by combining moisture management are as follows: cutting 15-20d, and then pouring 1-2 times of 0.10-0.12% bacon aqueous solution or 300-500 times of ammonium humate urea solution to strengthen seedlings.

The quality of the big seedlings can be improved by the optimized topdressing process in the post-cutting management. The ammonium humate urea solution is prepared from Boss cards of Xinjiang Baino agricultural technologies.

In the step (1), a gynostemma pentaphylla breeding garden is established, wherein the depth of the cutting ditch is 6-8cm, and the ditch width is 6-10cm.

The cutting shoot with the preferable cutting ditch specification has high efficiency and is convenient to manage.

And (3) in the step (1-1), constructing a bluish cutting nursery, and re-locating and rebuilding the bluish cutting nursery every 2-3 years.

The rebuilt bluish cutting nursery every 2-3 years can better control the germplasm of the cutting stock plant and prevent stress resistance degradation.

In the cutting of the semi-hard branches of the bluish dogwood in the step (4), at least 10cm of each of the two sides of the furrow surface is reserved, and no branches are discharged.

The preferred ear positions are such that the ears at the border of the furrow are not damaged by frost in frost weather.

Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

1) The method for raising seedlings by cutting the semi-hard branches of the bluish with the axillary buds sprouting and growing preferably comprises the steps of cutting at least 6 sections of the seedlings which have at least 2 branches and are semi-lignified in the base 2-3 sections, enabling seedlings to grow into big seedlings in the next spring after 5-6 months to be transplanted out of a nursery, shortening 50% of time compared with the prior similar technology, greatly reducing seedling management cost, enabling the transplanting survival rate to be more than 95%, and having the advantages of stable excellent characters, low lodging rate, high rooting rate and transplanting survival rate, high stem leaf yield, short seedling management time, low cost and the like;

2) Selecting a plant with pure variety, strong growth and no variation deformity in a field, using an excellent clone cultivated by planting scion of an excellent plant as a scion stock plant, constructing a scion garden, ensuring that the propagated seedling variety is pure and strong, achieving the purposes of being capable of cultivating multiple branches of scion, more scions and good quality, solving the outstanding problems of few branches of seedlings, high single-pole seedling proportion, high plant crown bias lodging rate and low stem leaf yield after planting out of the garden and breeding a large amount of high-quality bluish seedlings in a short period to meet the production requirement;

3) The scissors and the scions are scientifically disinfected, so that the spread of diseases and insects is reduced, and the quality of cutting seedlings is improved;

4) Topping and pruning, regulating illumination and enhancing water and fertilizer management, avoiding the terminal bud from differentiating flower branches, promoting axillary bud germination, cultivating strong stock plants with multiple branches, obtaining strong and full branches with moderate thickness as cutting slips, improving the quantity and quality of the cutting slips, improving rooting rate, and realizing rapid growth and high yield of tillered branches after nursery planting.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a photograph of a stock plant of a conventional seedling method for cutting ears in a field of Kalimeris indica;

FIG. 2 is a photograph of a sample of a generally grown-up bluish-seed Miao Lashe;

FIG. 3 is a photograph of a cutting stock plant of a cutting nursery of the method for raising seedlings by cutting of the semi-hardwood of Kalimeris indica described in the present application;

FIG. 4 is a photograph of a seedling of Kalimeris indica cultivated by the method for cutting seedlings of Kalimeris indica;

fig. 5 is a photograph of a sample of a bluish dogbane seed Miao Lashe cultivated by the bluish dogbane semi-hardwood cutting seedling method described in the present application.

Detailed Description

The following describes the technical scheme of the present application in detail with reference to various embodiments of the specification.

Example 1

(1) Constructing a bluish cutting garden: before selecting a field cultivation area far away from a large field, establishing a cutting garden as a field block of a water-made field, flattening and digging holes, wherein the row spacing of the holes is 25cm multiplied by 30cm, and mixing bacillus subtilis wettable powder (effective bacteria 10 hundred million spores/gram) with fine dry soil according to a weight ratio of 1:3, mixing and then carrying out hole application, wherein the application amount of each hole is 0.1/hole of the bacillus subtilis wettable powder. Screening a strong and disease-free excellent strain of Kalimeris indica in a field for 10 months and 20 days, cutting a semi-hard branch spike of Kalimeris indica with 6 sections, 4 branches in each section and 2 sections at the base, dipping a base incision in Huang Zhan slurry containing 0.5 mass percent of indoleacetic acid and 0.5 mass percent of naphthylacetic acid, taking out the slurry and implanting the slurry into a dug hole at an angle of 35 degrees to serve as a scion stock strain; 3 scions are planted in each hole, 3 knots are buried in soil, 3 knots of branches and leaves are left to expose out of the soil surface, fixed root water is poured thoroughly, a transparent plastic film is covered above the scion, and then a sunshade net with a sunshade rate of 40% is covered; the scissors for cutting the scions are wiped or soaked by a double long-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with the mass concentration of 1000mg/L for 18 minutes for disinfection, and 100 scions are cut for disinfection once.

(2) Rejuvenating and cultivating scion stock plants: cutting the cutting nursery, pouring urea aqueous solution with the mass percent of 0.5% for 1 time every 10d between 20d after cutting, and uncovering the surrounding transparent plastic film for ventilation and cooling when the midday air temperature is high; after cutting for 40 days, the transparent plastic film and the sunshade net are uncovered for enhancing illumination at 7 to 10 points and 16 to 18 points every day. Pruning the stock plant and the branch sections at the top of the branches in the next 5 months 12 days, leaving the branches with the 3 sections thick and strong lower ends, spraying leaf fertilizer and growth regulator to promote the germination, growth and tillering of the axillary buds of the plants, mixing 0.13 mass percent of monopotassium phosphate aqueous solution with 0.01 mass percent of brassin aqueous solution in the same volume, spraying the mixture on the branches and leaves until the surfaces of the branches and leaves are wet, and cultivating the stock plant; after each topping and pruning, 3 times of agricultural streptomycin is sprayed, wherein the agricultural streptomycin is 6000 times of agricultural streptomycin soluble powder with the active ingredient content of 72% in percentage by mass; after topping and pruning, topping and pruning are needed again when the lengths of all branches of the gynostemma pentaphylla plant exceed 6 cm;

(3) Establishing a bluish breeding nursery: and (3) selecting 300 meters from the cutting nursery, and building a seedling breeding nursery by taking water as a field, wherein a plurality of cutting trenches are dug, the trench depth is 6cm, and the trench width is 8cm.

(4) Cutting the semi-hard branches and spikes of the bluish red: and (3) growing 6 branches from the parent plant basal part tillers obtained in the step (2) on the 11 th month and 13 th year, wherein the grown branches reach 18 branches, and the longest branches have 11 knots. Wiping or soaking a cutter with a double long-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with the mass concentration of 1000mg/L for 18 minutes, sterilizing every 100 scions and scions which are cut once, and cutting about 4000 scions of the semi-lignified semi-hard scions of the bluish-red scions with 8 sections, 4 branches of each section and 2 sections at the base; the top incision of the spike strip is a flat incision, the basal incision is an oblique incision, and the distance between the oblique incision and the adjacent leaf sections is 1.0cm;

(5) Sterilizing treatment before cutting of the semi-hard branches of the bluish red: bundling the spike strips obtained in the step (1) according to the alignment of the flat cut ends and the inclined cut ends, dividing the bundle into about 1000 bundles, adding the bundle containing about 40 spike strips into a disinfectant (the disinfectant adopts 2500 times of prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate with the mass percent of the active ingredients of 45 percent) for disinfection treatment for 3min, and replacing the disinfectant after 50 bundles of spike strips are treated each time;

(6) Cutting of the semi-hard branches and spikes of the bluish red: discharging the sterilized scions into the excavated cutting grooves at an angle of 45 degrees according to the plant row spacing of 3cm multiplied by 12cm, and leaving 10cm at two sides of the furrow surface without discharging scions; when the soil is covered, the spike strips are buried in 4 sections of soil, and 4 sections of branches and leaves at the upper end are exposed out of the soil surface; covering soil, pouring thoroughly, covering a transparent plastic film on the upper part of the spike, and covering a sunshade net for sunshade 40% to preserve heat and prevent direct sunlight;

(7) And (3) post-cutting management: after cutting, maintaining the relative humidity of air at 72 ℃ and the air temperature at 24 ℃; post-pouring bacon aqueous solution with the mass percentage of 0.1% for 2 times at intervals of 15d; more than 80% of branches begin to root after 25d, the sun-shading net is uncovered every day for illumination for 4h to strengthen photosynthesis, the rooting rate of cuttage after 35d is 97.4%, the big seedlings can be used for transplanting in spring of the next year, the seedling height reaches 30cm during transplanting, and the average number of branches of each seedling is 5.4; the transplanting survival rate is investigated for 1 month, 94.5% and the root rot is not found after 3 months.

Example 2

(1) Constructing a bluish cutting garden: and (5) establishing a cutting nursery as a field block of a water-made field before selecting a cultivation area far away from the field. The method comprises the steps of (1) screening a strong and disease-free and pest-free Kalimeris indica plant in a field widely for 11 months and 7 days, cutting 8 sections of Kalimeris indica semi-hard branch scions with 2 branches in each section and semi-lignified semi-hard branch scions in the base section, dipping a base incision in Huang Zhan slurry containing 0.4% by mass of indoleacetic acid and 0.6% by mass of naphthylacetic acid, and planting in a cutting nursery with ridged and whole ridges at an angle of 45 degrees to serve as a cutting mother plant. The row spacing of planting holes is 25cm multiplied by 30cm, and the bacillus subtilis wettable powder (containing 10 hundred million spores/gram of effective bacteria) and fine dry soil are mixed according to the weight ratio of 1:2.5, mixing and then carrying out hole application, wherein the application amount of each hole is 0.2 g/hole of bacillus subtilis wettable powder; then 4 scions are planted, the base is buried into 4 knots of soil, 4 knots of branches and leaves are left to expose out of the soil surface, the soil is covered for compaction, fixed root water is poured thoroughly, a transparent plastic film is covered above the scion garden, and then a sunshade net with a sunshade rate of 35% is covered. The scissors for cutting the scions are wiped or soaked for 20 minutes by using a double long-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with the mass concentration of 800mg/L to disinfect, 100 scions are cut and then put into 0.05% potassium permanganate solution to soak for 20 minutes, and a 90-branch scion disinfection cutter is cut once every time; to better control germplasm and stress resistance degradation, a cutting garden needs to be built by re-locating every 2 years.

(2) Rejuvenation and cultivation of mother plants: the urea aqueous solution with the mass percent of 0.8% is poured for 1 time every 12d after cutting of cutting seedlings of a cutting nursery for 30d, and meanwhile, the surrounding transparent plastic film and the sunshade net are uncovered to strengthen illumination; 10 sections of the first plant grow in the next 6 months, the mother plant and the top branch sections of branches are cut off by topping, 4 sections of thick and strong branches are left at the end, and leaf fertilizer and growth regulator are sprayed to promote germination, growth and tillering of the axillary buds of the plant: mixing 0.1% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 0.015% brassin aqueous solution in the same volume, and spraying on branches and leaves until the surfaces of the branches and leaves are wet; spraying 2 times of agricultural streptomycin after each topping and pruning, wherein the agricultural streptomycin is 3500 times of agricultural streptomycin soluble powder with the mass percentage of the active ingredient of 72%; after topping and pruning, topping and pruning are needed again when the lengths of all branches of the gynostemma pentaphylla plant exceed 5cm;

(3) Establishing a bluish breeding nursery: selecting a field block which has good ventilation and is used as a water-made field as a seedling breeding nursery near the cutting nursery, and digging a plurality of cutting furrows on the seedling raising field which is finished in advance, wherein the depth of the furrows is 8cm and the width of the furrows is 6cm.

(4) Cutting the semi-hard branches and spikes of the bluish red: cutting 6 sections in a cutting garden, wherein each section is provided with 2 branches, the base 3 sections are semi-lignified bluish semi-hard branches, the top incision of the branches is a flat incision, the base incision is an oblique incision, and the distance between the oblique incision and the adjacent leaf sections is 0.5cm; the cutter is wiped or soaked by using a double long-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with the mass concentration of 1200mg/L for 10 minutes, and 90 scion strips are cut once for sterilizing the cutter.

(5) Sterilizing treatment before cutting of the semi-hard branches of the bluish red: bundling according to the alignment of the flat cut end and the inclined cut end, adding sterilizing liquid (sterilizing liquid adopts prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate with the mass percent of effective components of 45% in 3000 times liquid for sterilizing for 5 min), and replacing the sterilizing liquid after 40 bundles of spike strips are processed each time.

(6) Cutting of the semi-hard branches and spikes of the bluish red: discharging scions in the excavated cutting ditch according to an angle of 60 degrees and a plant row spacing of 2cm multiplied by 10cm, leaving 12cm at two sides of a furrow surface respectively, and leaving 3 knots and 3 branches and leaves at the upper end of the scions to be buried in soil to expose the soil surface; after soil covering, water is poured thoroughly, a transparent plastic film is covered on the spike, and then 4 layers of coix straw are covered.

(7) And (3) post-cutting management: after cutting, the regulation and control management of the temperature and the humidity and the light intensity in the greenhouse are enhanced, and the relative humidity of air is kept at about 70 percent and the air temperature is kept at 28 ℃; cutting for 20d, and then pouring 1 time of bacon aqueous solution with mass percent of 0.12% to strengthen seedlings; after 20d cutting, pouring 1 time of strong seedling of bacon aqueous solution with mass percent of 0.12%; the root primordium starts to germinate after 30 days, 2 layers of coix straw are drawn in the daytime, the total amount of the coix straw is drawn for 1 time, the rooting rate can reach 98.1% after 5 hours of illumination and 40 days, the seedling height is 36cm when transplanting in spring in the next year, and the average number of branches of each seedling is 4.3. Investigation after 1 month of transplanting, the transplanting survival rate is 91.7%, and investigation after 3 months does not see root rot.

Example 3

(1) Constructing a bluish cutting garden: the cutting nursery is established as a field block of a water-made field before the selection of a cultivation area far away from the field; the method comprises the steps of (1) screening and listing the healthy and strong bluish plants without plant diseases and insect pests in a field cultivation area, and shearing the bluish semi-hard branch spike with 7 sections, 3 branches of each section and semi-lignified bluish semi-hard branch spike with 3 sections at the base in a rainy day of 10-11 months; the shearing cutter is wiped or soaked by using a double long-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with the mass concentration of 1200mg/L for 10 minutes, and 110 scions and strips are sheared once; dipping a basal incision in Huang Zhan slurry containing 0.6 mass percent of indoleacetic acid and 0.4 mass percent of naphthylacetic acid, and then planting multiple ears in a cutting nursery with ridged and whole ridges at an angle of 30 degrees in a deep-planting way to serve as a cutting stock plant, wherein the cutting stock plant comprises the following concrete steps: planting the bacillus subtilis wettable powder (containing 10 hundred million spores/gram of effective bacteria) and fine dry soil according to the weight ratio of 1:3.5, mixing and then carrying out hole application, wherein the application amount of each hole is 0.3 g/hole of bacillus subtilis wettable powder; then 2 semi-hard branches and spikes of the Indian kalimeris herb are planted in each hole, covered with soil and compacted, 3 sections of the base part are buried in the soil, and 4 sections of branches and leaves of each spike are reserved to expose the soil surface; then, watering root fixing water in time, covering a transparent plastic film on the cutting nursery, and covering a sunshade net with a sunshade rate of 45%; the cutting nursery of the bluish is re-located and rebuilt every 3 years.

(2) Rejuvenation and cultivation of mother plants: applying urea aqueous solution with the mass percentage of 1.0% for 1 time for additional fertilizer after cutting of cutting seedlings of a cutting nursery; topping and pruning in the middle of 5 th to 6 th of the next year, pruning a mother plant of the Indian kalimeris herb and a branch top branch section, reserving 3 sections of thick and strong branches at the lower end, applying a foliar fertilizer, spraying a growth regulator to promote plant cutting, axillary bud germination, light-growing and tillering, and specifically: mixing potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution with the mass percent of-0.15% and brassin aqueous solution with the mass percent of 0.005% in the same volume, and spraying on the branches and leaves until the surfaces of the branches and leaves are wet; cultivating a mother plant; after each topping and pruning, spraying 1 time of agricultural streptomycin, wherein the agricultural streptomycin is 4000 times of agricultural streptomycin soluble powder with the mass percentage of the active ingredients of 72 percent; after topping and pruning, topping and pruning are needed again when the lengths of all branches of the gynostemma pentaphylla plant exceed 8 cm;

(3) Establishing a bluish breeding nursery: selecting a field block which has good ventilation and is used as a water-made field as a bluish tree seedling breeding nursery, making a furrow in the breeding nursery, and digging a plurality of cutting furrows on each furrow surface, wherein the furrow depth is 7cm and the furrow width is 10cm;

(4) Cutting the semi-hard branches and spikes of the bluish red: cutting 8 knots growing from the germination of axillary buds in the middle and late 11 months, wherein each knot is 3 branches, and the basal 2 knots are semi-lignified bluish semi-hard branch spikes; the shearing cutter is wiped or soaked by a double long-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with the mass concentration of 800mg/L for 20 minutes, and 110 scions and strips are sheared once; the top incision of the spike strip is a flat incision, the basal incision is an oblique incision, and the interval between the oblique incision and the adjacent leaf sections is 2.0cm;

(5) Sterilizing treatment before cutting of the semi-hard branches of the bluish red: bundling the spike strips obtained in the step (1) according to the alignment of the flat cut ends and the inclined cut ends, wherein each 50 spike strips are bundled, putting the bundle into a sterilizing solution (the sterilizing solution adopts 2000 times of prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate with the mass percent of the effective components of 45 percent) for sterilizing for 6min, and replacing the sterilizing solution once after 30 spike strips are bundled;

(6) Cutting of the semi-hard branches and spikes of the bluish red: adopting a strip cutting method, and discharging scion strips in the dug cutting ditch at an angle of 50 degrees, a plant spacing of 2.5cm and a row spacing of 15 cm; 3 sections of the base of the spike are buried into the soil during earthing, and 4 sections of the top of the spike are left to expose the soil surface; covering soil, pouring thoroughly, covering a transparent plastic film on the upper part of the spike, and covering a sunshade net with a sunshade rate of 45% so as to preserve heat and prevent direct sunlight;

(7) And (3) post-cutting management: after cutting, the regulation and control management of temperature and humidity and light intensity are enhanced, the temperature and humidity are regulated by uncovering a transparent plastic film and spraying water, and the relative humidity of air is kept at 68 percent and the air temperature is kept at 21 ℃; 2 times of planting bacon aqueous solution with mass percent of 0.11% are poured after 18d of cutting to strengthen seedlings; after 28d of primordia germinate by cutting, uncovering a sunshade net or pumping out crop straws for 6 hours at proper time to strengthen photosynthesis, promote seedling growth, strengthen and promote rooting; after rooting is stable, replacing the covered sunshade net with the sunshade rate of 45% to the sunshade net with the sunshade rate of 25% so as to strengthen illumination for culturing the big seedlings; the rooting rate after 40d can reach 95.3%, the seedling height is 29.7cm when transplanting in spring of the next year, and the average branch number of each seedling is 4.0. Investigation is carried out after 1 month of transplanting, the transplanting survival rate is 93.3%, and investigation is carried out after 3 months, so that root rot is not seen.

Experimental data for the above 3 examples:

control: the conventional cutting seedling raising method for the cutting spring of the bluish dogbane field comprises the following specific steps: cutting and cultivating the bluish dogwood in a field for 24 days, namely, 6 sections of twigs, obliquely inserting the bluish dogwood into a seedbed, cutting the bluish dogwood into the depth of 3-5 cm, planting spacing of 2.5cm and row spacing of 15cm, covering soil after cutting, compacting, watering thoroughly, covering the bluish dogwood with a transparent heat-insulating plastic film, and covering the bluish dogwood with a sunshade net with a sunshade rate of 45%. After cutting, seedling management was performed according to the method in "a method for raising seedlings of south radix Isatidis by cutting" (application number 201710915094.9). After cutting for 40d, counting the average cutting rooting rate, and investigating the average transplanting survival rate after transplanting for 1 month, and investigating the root rot occurrence rate after transplanting for 3 months. And comparing the rooting rate managed after cutting, the transplanting survival rate after transplanting for 1 month and the root rot occurrence rate for 3 months in each example step (7) with the following table:

TABLE 2 seedling results data for each example

As shown in the table above, the method for raising seedlings by cutting the semi-hard branches of the Indian kalimeris herb has the advantages of high rooting rate, multiple branches, high transplanting survival rate and no root rot.

Experimental results

1. Influence of cutting shoot type on cutting seedling

Cutting the scion from the healthy and strong bluish dogbane plant, wherein the scion is respectively 3 types of scions of 6 sections and 7 sections, the scions are respectively a top tender branch without branches, a middle and upper semi-hard branch stem with branches 2 and a base stem with branches 2, the cutting length is 15-18cm, the cutting is carried out at present on the day of 11 months and 20 days, the cutting is carried out by adopting random group arrangement, cutting comparison is repeated for 3 times, and 100 cutting slips are obtained in each group. The cutting seedlings are subjected to field management according to the conventional method, rooting rate and seedling height of each cutting seedling are recorded in 5 months of cutting investigation, survival rate is recorded in 1 month of transplanting investigation, and the results are shown in Table 2.

TABLE 3 influence of cutting type on rooting rate and seedling quality

It can be seen from tables 3-4 that different cutting types have great influence on rooting rate and seedling height of cutting seedlings, and the difference between treatments is obvious, so that the number of seedling growing nodes and branches are influenced, and the planting survival rate of seedlings out of nursery is influenced. The rooting rate of the cutting seedlings which are half hard branches and have 2 sections and 3 sections of half lignification at the base is highest and is up to more than 94 percent, the rooting rate is obviously higher than that of other treatments, the seedling growth vigor is good and the transplanting survival rate is more than 93 percent when the seedlings are out of the nursery; the rooting rate of the top tender branch cutting seedlings and the growth and development of the seedlings can not reach ideal levels; the cutting rooting rate of the basal stem node spike is low, the growth and development of the seedling and the transplanting survival rate are both at the lowest level, and the method is not suitable for production and application. For this purpose, the cutting propagation in production is preferably a 2-3-section semi-hard cutting of the branched base. 2. Influence of different cutting times (different time scions) on rooting rate and seedling quality

6 sections of semi-hard branch spike strips with 2 branches and 2-3 sections at the base are adopted for seedling raising comparison in different seasons, similar spike strips are subjected to cutting comparison in random group arrangement, and the cutting comparison is repeated for 3 times, wherein 100 cutting spikes are used in each group. And (3) performing field management on the cutting seedlings according to the conventional method, investigating the rooting rate and the seedling height after 5 months of cutting, and investigating the survival rate after one year of transplanting.

Impact of spring cutting time on rooting and seedling quality

TABLE 5 influence of spring cutting time on rooting rate and seedling quality

Cutting time	3 months and 20 days	3 months 30 days	4 months and 10 days	4 months and 20 days	4 months 30 days
						Rooting percentage (%)	62.0	79.4	83.1	60.2	50.8
Seedling height (cm)	22.2	26.0	27.2	27.8	14.3
						Transplanting survival rate after 5 months (%)	53.0	44.1	43.3	60.6	57.1
Survival rate of transplanting after one year (%)	78.1	80.2	77.1	84.4	67.3

Table 5 shows the influence of different cutting times in spring on the quality of cutting seedlings, the rooting rate of the cutting in the middle of 4 months is highest, and the seedling growth and transplanting survival rate are higher than those in other periods; rooting rate of cuttage is lowest in 30 days of 4 months. Transplanting after one year of cutting, wherein the survival rate is better than that of cutting in the middle of 3 months to 4 months.

(II) influence of autumn and winter cutting time on rooting and seedling quality

TABLE 6 influence of cutting time of Kalimeris indica in autumn and winter on rooting and seedling quality

Cutting time	10 months and 20 days	11 months and 10 days	11 months and 20 days	11 months and 30 days	12 months and 10 days
						Rooting percentage (%)	82.5	95.3	94.1	93.6	72.1
Seedling height (cm)	30.6	29.7	28.9	26.2	18.1
						Transplanting survival rate (%)	83.2	95.4	95.0	93.1	66.7

The results in Table 6 show that the rooting rate of the cutting seedlings is only 72.1% in 12 months and 10 days, the heights of the seedlings are also poor, and the growth and the yield are lower than those of other treatments; the rooting rate and the seedling height of the cuttage in the days 11-10, 11-20 and 11-30 are good, the difference between treatments is not large, but the rooting rate difference between the cuttage and the rooting rate of the other two treatments reaches a remarkable level, and the transplanting survival rate is above 93.1%.

It can also be seen from tables 5-6 that spring cutting generally requires next spring outplanting for transplanting, while winter cutting can achieve spring outplanting for transplanting, the seedling management time is shortened by half compared with the conventional spring cutting time, the management cost is reduced by half, and the transplanting survival rate of winter cutting is high.

3. Influence of cutting type on seedling and yield

And cutting the semi-hard branch cutting with different cutting sections, wherein the number of branches is respectively 2 branches, 4 branches and no branches, and the number of the sections is respectively 2, 4, 6 and 8, and the total number of the cutting sections is 11. Cutting the spikes in the period of 11 months and 20 days, and taking out the current cuttings; the random block arrangement was adopted and repeated 3 times, 100 cuttings per panel. Performing field management on cutting seedlings according to the conventional method, surveying and recording rooting rate and seedling growth condition of the cutting seedlings in each cell in 5 months, and tracking and surveying transplanting survival rate and mu yield.

TABLE 7 influence of cutting type on quality and yield of cutting seedlings

As shown in table 7, the number of cutting pins and the number of branches have a larger influence on the rooting rate and yield of cutting, the rooting rate of cutting pins with fewer pins is obviously lower than that of cutting pins with more pins, and the rooting and growth of cutting pins are not facilitated due to short cutting pins, fewer pins and less nutrient storage; the yield of the branched cutting slips is obviously higher than that of the unbranched cutting slips, the seedling tillering and the branching base number of the branched cutting slips are higher than those of the unbranched cutting slips, and the stem and leaf yield is also higher.

It can be seen that cutting with at least 6 knots grown from axillary bud germination, each with at least 2 branches and 2-3 basal knots of semi-lignified blue semi-hard branches in mid and late 11 months is preferred for blue seedling.

4. Influence of different sunshade rates on cutting of Kalimeris indica

Adopts 6 knots of the bluish dogbane half with 2 branches each and 2-3 knots at the baseThe hard branch scions are subjected to comparison experiments with different sunshade rates, cutting comparison is carried out by adopting random group arrangement, and the cutting comparison is repeated for 3 times, wherein each group of 100 scions. The shading net is produced by green garden plastic net company of Shengzhou city, zhejiang province, and 4 treatments are tested: 10% of shading, 35% of shading, 40% of shading and 45% of shading. Respectively selecting nursery fields with similar emergence rates and more uniform growth vigor as observation investigation plots, wherein each treatment investigation is carried out on 3 plots, and each observation plot has an area of 5.4m ² . And after cutting for 40d, counting the average cutting rooting rate and the average seedling height.

TABLE 8 influence of different shading treatments on survival rate and seedling height of cutting seedlings of Kalimeris indica

Shading treatment	Shading 10%	Shading 35%	Shading 40%	Shading 45%
					Average cuttage rooting rate (%)	78.5	95.1	96.3	92.7
Average seedling height (cm)	16.7	27.7	31.3	33.4

It can be seen that different shades have a significant effect on rooting rate and seedling height of the cutting seedlings of the Indian kalimeris herb. The shading rate of 10% can lead to higher seedling death rate, the rooting rate of 35-45% is similar, and the rooting rate treated with 40% shading rate is highest. The investigation and analysis results of the seedling height show that different shading values have a certain influence on the seedling height growth. The height of the blue seedling is lowest under the condition of 10% of shading rate, the blue seedling has a certain influence on the growth of the blue seedling when the shading rate is 35%, the blue seedling has a certain difference with the blue seedling under the condition of 40-45% of shading rate, and the blue seedling has no obvious difference with the blue seedling under the condition of 40-45% of shading rate. The moderate sun-shading is a suitable living environment for the seedlings of the Chinese red mud, and the light-shading rate is 35-45% for cutting and seedling of the Chinese red mud.

The method for raising seedlings of the bluish dogbane by cutting is not limited to the above embodiments, and any improvement or replacement according to the principles of the present application should be within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for raising seedlings of a semi-hard wood cutting of a bluish tree is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method mainly comprises the following steps of:

(5) And (3) post-cutting management: after cutting, the regulation and control management of temperature and humidity and light intensity are enhanced, the temperature and humidity are regulated by uncovering a transparent plastic film and spraying water, the relative humidity of air is kept at 68-72% and the temperature is kept at 21-28 ℃, and additional fertilizer is carried out by combining with moisture management; after 25-30 days of cutting primordia germinate, uncovering a sunshade net or pumping out crop straws for 4-6 hours in time to strengthen photosynthesis, promote seedling growth, strengthen and promote rooting; after rooting is stable, replacing the covered sunshade net with the sunshade rate of 35-45% and the sunshade net with the sunshade rate of 25-30%, or pumping out crop straws 1-2 times, and pumping out 1-2 layers of crop straws each time to strengthen illumination for culturing big seedlings; the big seedlings are used for transplanting in spring of the next year;

the step (2) of shearing the semi-hard branches and ears of the Indian kalimeris herb is that the semi-hard branches and ears of the Indian kalimeris herb are sheared on the mother plant after rejuvenation cultivation in the step (1-2);

the step (1-1) is to construct a fixed planting stock plant of a bluish cutting nursery, and the adopted multi-cutting deep hole-inserting planting method mainly comprises the following steps of: digging holes according to the hole spacing of 25-35cm and the line spacing of 30-40cm, and mixing the bacillus subtilis wettable powder with fine dry soil according to the weight ratio of 1:2.5-3.5, and then carrying out hole application, wherein the release amount of the bacillus subtilis wettable powder in each hole is 0.1-0.3g; then 2-4 semi-hard branches and spikes of the Indian kalimeris herb are planted in each hole, covered with soil and compacted, 3-4 sections of the base are buried in the soil, and 3-4 sections of branches and leaves of each spike are left to expose out of the soil surface;

2. The method for raising seedlings of the cutting seedlings of the bluish dogbane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (2), cutting the semi-hard branches of the bluish dogwood, the disinfection method of the cutter for cutting the branches of the bluish dogwood comprises the following steps: the cutter is wiped or soaked by using a double long-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with the mass concentration of 800-1200mg/L for 10-20 minutes, and 90-110 scion strips are cut out once.

3. The method for raising seedlings of the cutting seedlings of the bluish dogbane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1-1) of constructing the bluish red cutting nursery, the disinfection method of the cutting tool for cutting the cutting strip comprises the following steps: the cutter is wiped or soaked by using a double long-chain quaternary ammonium salt disinfectant with the mass concentration of 800-1200mg/L for 10-20 minutes, and 90-110 scion strips are cut out once.

4. The method for raising seedlings of the cutting seedlings of the bluish dogbane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the disinfection treatment before the cutting of the semi-hard branches of the Indian kalimeris herb in the step (3), the disinfection solution adopts 2000-3000 times of prochloraz emulsifiable concentrate with the mass percent of the active ingredient of 45 percent or 3000 times of agricultural streptomycin sulfate with the mass percent of the active ingredient of 72 percent.

5. The method for raising seedlings of the cutting seedlings of the bluish dogbane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step (1-2) of rejuvenating and cultivating the scion stock, the additional fertilizer frequency is that urea aqueous solution with the mass percent of 0.5-1.0% is poured for 1 time at intervals of 10-14 d.

6. The method for raising seedlings of the cutting seedlings of the bluish dogbane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the rejuvenation cultivation of scion stock plants in the step (1-2), the method for spraying the foliar fertilizer and the growth regulator comprises the following steps: mixing 0.1-0.15% potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution and 0.005-0.015% brassin aqueous solution by volume, and spraying onto branches and leaves until the surfaces of the branches and leaves are wet.

7. The method for raising seedlings of the cutting seedlings of the bluish dogbane according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the rejuvenation cultivation of scion stock plants in the step (1-2), 1 time of agricultural streptomycin is sprayed after each topping and pruning, wherein the agricultural streptomycin is 3500-6000 times of agricultural streptomycin soluble powder with the active ingredient content of 72% in mass percent.