CN108157115B - A kind of compound planting method of peony for oil in arid sandy area - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of planting of woody plants, in particular to a compound planting method of peony for oil in arid sandy areas, including planting peony, sweet corn and soybean, field management, harvesting and returning straw to the field. The main feature is that the row spacing of peony plants is 1.5m × 2.0m, two rows of sweet corn are drilled between the rows of peony, and a row of soybeans is drilled in the middle of the two rows of sweet corn. The invention is mainly used for the large-scale planting of the woody oil plant peony in arid sandy areas, has the symbiotic relationship of utilizing organisms, overcomes or avoids the sunburn damage of peony in large-scale cultivation in the arid sandy areas, and promotes the growth and development of peony , Biological nitrogen fixation, improve soil fertility, reduce or avoid the harm of pests and diseases, the products are pollution-free, green and organic, and have the advantages of high economic benefits per unit area.

Description

A kind of compound planting method of peony for oil in arid sandy area

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of planting of woody plants, in particular to a compound planting method of peony for oil in arid sandy areas. Including the main crop oil peony (Paeonia rockii), the associated crop soybean (Glycine max), sweet corn (Zea mays Var. rugosa Bonaf) compound planting technology.

Background technique

Purple spot peony is a deciduous shrub of the family Paeonia, and its flowers are huge, colorful, graceful and dignified. Wild species are distributed in Gansu, Shaanxi and western Henan. As an ornamental and medicinal plant, it has a culture history of more than 1,500 years in my country.

Paeonia suffruticosa is a woody oil plant with high seed setting rate. The oil yield of the seed kernel is 31.36% and contains 18 kinds of fatty acids, of which linolenic acid accounts for 65.23% of its total fatty acid content, and unsaturated fatty acid content accounts for 96.62% of its total fatty acid content. , It has obvious effect on lowering the cholesterol level in human blood, preventing high blood pressure, stroke and heart disease. The Ministry of Health of the People's Republic of China issued the "Announcement on Peony Seed Oil as a New Resource Food" (No. 9, 2011), and has developed peony tea, peony essential oil, peony food, peony health care products, etc., which are well received by the market.

Soybean originates from China and is cultivated all over the world. It is one of the important food crops in China with a history of 5,000 years of cultivation. It is a crop whose seeds are rich in plant protein. Soybeans are most commonly used to make various soy products, extract soybean oil, brew soy sauce and extract protein. Soybean-Rhizobia has the function of nitrogen fixation, which can effectively improve soil fertility.

Sweet corn is a variant of corn, also known as vegetable corn. It has the characteristics of sweetness, freshness, crispness and tenderness and is favored by consumers of all walks of life. It is processed into canned sweet corn or marketed as fresh ears. It is popular in Europe, America, South Korea and Japan. One of the main vegetables in developed countries. Its growth period is 90-100 days, the plant height is 1.9m, the ear length is 0.18-0.22m, and the diameter is 0.04-0.06m.

The main cultivation areas of purple spotted peony are Gansu, Qinghai, Shaanxi, Ningxia and other provinces. The Hexi Corridor of Gansu Province has a long history of cultivating peony as a landscape tree species, mainly planted in gardens and urban landscape areas. The peony for oil cultivation in the field is susceptible to physiological drought in early spring and sunburn caused by strong solar radiation in summer. Cultivation techniques and measures such as the lignification level of branches and the construction of farmland shelterbelts can reduce and avoid damage.

In order to prevent intense solar radiation from causing sunburn damage to Peony, the inventors conducted experiments and analysis on the photosynthetic characteristics and leaf traits of Peony under different shading conditions to find out the most suitable light intensity for its growth and development. On the basis of its characteristics and its regulation mechanism, a new compound planting method is provided for the large-scale planting of the woody oil plant Echinacea in arid sandy areas.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a compound planting method of Eurasian peonies for oil in arid sandy areas, the method utilizes the biological symbiotic relationship, overcomes or avoids the sunburn damage of Eurasian peonies that occurs in field cultivation in arid sandy regions, promotes its growth and development, and is a drought The large-scale planting of the woody oil plant, peony, in sandy areas provides a new planting model for better economic benefits.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: a compound planting method of Eurasian peonies for oil in arid sandy areas; including planting Eurasian peonies, planting sweet corn and soybeans, field management, harvesting and returning straw to the field, specifically as follows:

1. Planting peony

(1) Soil selection: choose sandy loam soil with good drainage, and avoid choosing saline-alkali soil and cohesive soil with a salt content exceeding 0.55% as planting land.

( ² ) Fertilization: Before land preparation, apply 1000kg of decomposed farmyard manure or cow dung + 50kg of superphosphate as base fertilizer per 666.67m2.

(3) Soil disinfection: Before soil preparation, apply 1kg of carbendazim wettable powder with a mass concentration of 50% per ^666.67m2 , mix it with 20kg of fine dry soil to make poisonous soil, and spread it on the soil surface to prevent various fungi disease.

(4) Land preparation: Autumn afforestation Land preparation: After the summer harvest from July to August of the year of afforestation, the afforestation land is cleaned up, combined with fertilization and soil disinfection, deep ploughing and ploughing, 50 cm in depth, exposed to the sun for 30 to 60 days, and the land is raked and leveled, and the promotion of sun exposure The soil is matured to kill germs and insect eggs, so as to meet the quality requirements of ground level, fine soil, sufficient moisture content and high fertilizer. Spring afforestation and land preparation: It should be carried out after the autumn harvest in October one year before the afforestation. The afforestation land should be cleaned up, combined with fertilization and soil disinfection, and the afforestation land should be deeply cultivated to meet the quality requirements of land preparation, such as level ground, fine soil, sufficient moisture content and high fertilizer. Easy to loosen soil.

(5) Afforestation: Selection of seedlings: 4 to 5 year old seedlings are used for peony seedlings. Excessive branches and leaves are cut off, and 4 to 5 trunks are retained. Hole-opening fertilization: excavate a 1.0m×0.8m tree-planting hole, and apply 3-5kg of matured and crushed cow dung or sheep dung + 0.1kg of biological micro-fertilizer to each tree-planting hole. The organic fertilizer and the excavated soil are fully mixed and backfilled. Planting time: Planting in mid-September in autumn or early April in spring, preferably in autumn, after planting, hairy roots will grow before overwintering, which is conducive to germination and survival in the following year; planting in spring before purple spotted peony leaves. Planting: The plant-row spacing is 1.5m×2.0m, the seedlings are transplanted with soil balls, the size of the soil balls is 0.40m×0.35m×0.30m, and the planting depth is 0.4-0.5m. For planting, keep the surface of the tree planting hole and the ground level, and irrigate immediately after transplanting.

2. Planting sweet corn and soybeans

Planting time: April 20-30; Planting technology: conventional corn and soybean planting technology; Planting specifications: Two rows of sweet corn are planted between the rows of peony, with a row spacing of 0.3m × 0.5m, that is, the two rows of sweet corn and the The row spacing of peony on both sides is 0.75m; then a row of soybeans is planted in the middle position between the two rows of sweet corn, that is, the distance between soybeans and peony is 1.0m, and the distance between soybeans and two rows of sweet corn is 0.25m. Soybean plant spacing is 0.3m.

3. Field management

(1) Irrigation: Water in winter in early November every year, water in early spring in mid-April, and water once in mid-May, late June, mid-July, and late August; 6 times throughout the year.

(2) Soil loosening and weeding: in May, June and July, loosen the soil and weed once every 5 to 6 days after irrigation.

(3) Pruning and pruning of peony: prune peony once a year before winter or before budding in spring, determine the main branch, remove redundant, over-dense, overlapping branches; keep strong branches, remove diseased and insect branches, Weak branches, drooping branches and dead branches; thin out the tillers and overly dense flower buds at the base of the plant, and cut off the dry part at the upper end of the flower buds; make the branches evenly distributed, the plant shape is perfect, the ventilation and light are transparent, and the growth and development of peony is promoted. .

(4) Timely emasculation of sweet corn: Timely emasculation is a key cultivation technique to ensure high yield and high quality of sweet corn. Generally, in mid-July, when the shoots of corn are harvested, the tassel should be emasculated when the tassel is beyond the parietal leaves and the powder has not been scattered, and the tender ears of sweet corn should be harvested 2 to 3 days after the tassel looses the powder. The best time for emasculation is to choose a sunny day, from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm, because the temperature is higher during this time, the plant moisture is less, and the wound is easy to heal, which can avoid bacterial infection.

(5) Ear removal of sweet corn: In order to produce high-quality, high-qualified ears, the redundant earlets must be removed continuously in mid-July, that is, only one largest ear is retained; the leaf area of sweet corn is small, in order to ensure sufficient Nutrient area, tillers can be retained but not removed.

4. Harvest and straw returning

(1) Purple spot peony: in September, the peel is yellow-brown, and the sutures are slightly cracked to harvest the seeds; after picking, spread them in a cool and ventilated room with a stacking thickness of 20cm, and turn 1 to 2 times a day, after 7 to 10 days , Most of the pods cracked on their own, and the seeds exploded. The unexploded ones were lightly rolled. After sorting, they were dried in the shade until the moisture content of the seeds was 8-10%, and they were stored in a ventilated, moisture-proof, insect-proof and rat-proof place.

(2) Sweet corn: Generally, sweet corn is harvested in the middle and late August, and it is appropriate to harvest it at the milk maturity stage when the moisture content of the grain is 66% to 71%. The harvest period of sweet corn has a great influence on its commodity quality and nutritional quality. Large, early harvest, less grain content, late harvest, the peel becomes hard, more slag, and loses the unique flavor of sweet corn. Generally speaking, the harvest period is 5 to 7 days. For the purpose of processing canned food, it can be harvested 1 to 2 days early, and those mainly for selling fresh ears can be harvested 2 to 4 days later.

(3) Soybeans: Soybeans are harvested in mid to late September. The pods and grains of the whole plant show the original color of the variety, the leaves turn yellow and fall off, and when the accumulation of dry matter does not increase, the moisture of the grains decreases, and it is the maturity period of soybeans, which should be harvested in time to prevent the pods from bursting.

(4) Returning sweet corn stalks to the field: After the soybeans are harvested, the sweet corn stalks after harvesting are mechanically crushed, and the stalks are directly pressed into the soil when cultivating the land. In order to increase soil organic matter, improve soil structure, make soil loose, increase porosity, reduce capacity, promote microbial activity and the development of crop root system, the effect of increasing yield is obvious.

The invention is mainly used for the large-scale planting of the woody oil plant peony in arid sandy areas in the field. The main feature of the invention is that peony plants are planted with a row spacing of 1.5m×2.0m, two rows of sweet corn are drilled between the rows of peony, and a row of soybeans is drilled in the middle of the two rows of sweet corn. The invention has the symbiotic relationship of utilizing organisms, overcomes or avoids sunburn damage caused by large-scale cultivation of peony in arid sandy areas, promotes the growth and development of peony, biological nitrogen fixation, improves soil fertility, reduces or avoids the harm of diseases and insect pests, and the product is pollution-free , Green and organic, high economic benefits per unit area. The main features are as follows:

1. Sweet corn "helps" the growth and development of peony: Reasonable crop selection and plant and row spacing are conducive to ventilation and shading of peony, and form a favorable microenvironment for the growth and development of peony. Purple spot peony has the growth characteristics of "sprouting in spring, dozing in summer, long roots in autumn, and dormant in winter", and leaves and grows from May to June. At this time, sweet corn and soybean grow short, which has little effect on the growth and development of peony. From July to August In the first ten days of the year, the solar radiation is strong and the atmospheric dryness is high. At this time, the height of corn is 1.3-1.9m, and the height of soybean is 0.3-0.5m, which can shade 10-25%, increase the relative humidity of the air near the ground by 2-5%, and improve the net photosynthesis of peony. The rate is 13 to 25%.

2. Soybeans improve soil fertility: Rhizobium symbiotically nodulates and fixes nitrogen with soybeans, providing nitrogen nutrition for soybean growth and development, improving soil fertility, increasing crop yields, and reducing production costs.

3. Higher economic benefits: input: 160 yuan/666.67m ^{2 for peony seedlings, 5 yuan/666.67m 2 for} soybean seeds, 15 yuan/666.67m ² for sweet corn seeds, 545 yuan/666.67m ² for labor costs , the other investment is 120 yuan/666.67m ² , and the total investment is 845 yuan/666.67m ² . Income: Soybean income is 120 yuan/666.67m ² , sweet corn income is 1480 yuan/666.67m ² . The 8-year-old peony has entered a stable and high-yielding period, producing seeds of 100-125kg/666.67m ² , 20-30 yuan/kg, and an income of 2,800 yuan, with a total income of 4,400 yuan and a net income of 3,555 yuan/666.67m ² .

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the planting mode of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Example 1; Autumn afforestation

1. Planting peony

1. Soil selection: 11,400m ² of well-drained and improved sandy soil was selected as the planting area of peony in the Minqin Desert Sand Botanical Garden at the Minqin Sand Control Comprehensive Experiment Station. There are poplar shelter forests around, and the soil salt content is 0.43%.

2. Fertilization: From July 10th to 12th, 2016, every 666.67m ² was applied with 1000kg of decomposed farmyard manure and cow dung + 50kg of superphosphate as base fertilizer.

3. Soil disinfection: On July 13, 2016, apply 1kg of carbendazim wettable powder with a mass concentration of 50% per ^666.67m2 , mix it with 20kg of fine dry soil to make poisonous soil, and spread it on the soil surface to prevent Various fungal diseases.

4. Land preparation and modeling: From July 14th to 19th, 2016, combined with fertilization and soil disinfection, deep ploughing and drying, depth of 50 cm, exposure to the sun for 49 to 55 days, using irrigation channels and work roads to divide the peony planting area into 10m × 10m The planting plot is 98 blocks.

5. Afforestation: Afforestation time: September 7-12, 2016. Selection of seedlings: Peony seedlings come from Yuzhong Peace Peony Garden in Lanzhou. The seedlings are 5 years old. When planting, cut off too many branches and leaves and keep 4 to 5 trunks. Hole-opening and fertilization: excavate a 1.0m×0.8m tree-planting hole, and apply 5kg of matured and crushed cow dung + 0.1kg of biological micro-fertilizer to each tree-planting hole. The organic fertilizer and the excavated soil are fully mixed and backfilled. Planting: The plant-row spacing is 1.5m×2.0m, the seedlings are transplanted with soil balls, the size of the soil balls is 0.40m×0.35m×0.30m, and the planting depth is 0.4-0.5m. For planting, keep the surface of the tree planting hole and the ground level, and irrigate immediately after transplanting.

2. Planting sweet corn and soybeans

Planting time: April 24-28, 2017. Planting technology: conventional corn, soybean planting technology. Planting specifications: Two rows of sweet corn were planted between the rows of peony, with a row spacing of 0.3m × 0.5m, and the row spacing between the two rows of sweet corn and peony on both sides was 0.75m. Then, drill and plant a row of soybeans in the middle of the two rows of sweet corn, that is, the distance between soybeans and peony is 1.0m, the distance between soybeans and the two rows of sweet corn is 0.25m, and the soybean plant spacing is 0.3m.

3. Field management

1. Irrigation: From September 11th to 12th, 2016, irrigate enough seedling water, on November 10th, water in winter, and in mid-April 2017, water in early spring, depending on the soil moisture, on May 22nd and June 21st , July 16, August 23, irrigation once each, November 9, full winter water; irrigation 6 times throughout the year.

2. Plastic and pruning of purple spot peony: From March 27 to 28, 2017, before the spring germination of purple spot peony, a plastic pruning was carried out to determine the main branch, and the redundant, over-dense, overlapping branches were removed; Remove diseased and insect branches, weak branches, drooping branches and dead branches; thin out the tillers and overly dense flower buds at the base of the plant, and cut off the dry part at the upper end of the flower buds; make the branches evenly distributed, the plant shape is perfect, the ventilation and light are good, and the Growth and development of peony.

3. Soil loosening and weeding: in May, June and July 2017, loosen the soil and weed once every 5 to 6 days after irrigation.

4. Timely emasculation of sweet corn: from July 10 to 15, 2017, the tassel is emasculated when the tassel is beyond the top leaves and has not been powdered for harvesting corn shoots. From July 12 to 17, after the tassel has been powdered for 2 Detasseling at ~3 days for harvesting tender ears of sweet corn. It is advisable to choose a sunny day for emasculation, which is carried out from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm.

5. Ear removal of sweet corn: From July 10th to 20th, 2017, in order to produce high-quality and high-qualified ears, the redundant earlets were removed, and only one largest ear was retained for each bead. The leaf area of sweet corn is small, in order to ensure sufficient nutrient area, the tillers can be kept and not removed.

4. Harvest and straw returning

1. Purple spotted peony: From September 6 to 10, 2017, the seeds of Purple spotted peony were harvested. After picking, they were placed in a cool and ventilated room with a stacking thickness of 20 cm. They were turned 1 to 2 times a day. After 7 to 10 days, the pods were large. Most of the seeds cracked on their own, and the seeds exploded. Those that did not explode were lightly rolled. After sorting, they were dried in the shade until the moisture content of the seeds was 8-10%, and they were stored in a ventilated, moisture-proof, insect-proof and rat-proof place.

2. Sweet corn: From August 14th to 20th, 2017, harvested at the milk maturity stage when the grain moisture content is 66% to 71%. The harvest period is 7 days. The sweet corn ears harvested early are used for canning, and the sweet corn ears harvested late are directly sold.

3. Soybeans: Soybeans were harvested from September 20 to 24, 2017.

4. Returning sweet corn stalks to the field: On October 24, 2017, the stalks of sweet corn after harvesting were crushed by mechanization, ploughed, and directly pressed into the soil.

Example 2; Spring afforestation

1. Planting peony

1. Soil selection: In Minqin Sand Control Comprehensive Experiment Station, 8640m ² of sandy soil with good drainage and improved was selected as the planting area of peony, with a soil salt content of 0.48%.

2. Fertilization: From October 23rd to 25th, 2015, every 666.67m ² was applied with 1000kg of decomposed farmyard manure and sheep manure + 50kg of superphosphate as base fertilizer.

3. Soil disinfection: On October 26, 2015, apply 1kg of carbendazim wettable powder with a mass concentration of 50% per ^666.67m2 , mix it with 20kg of fine dry soil to make poisonous soil, and spread it on the soil surface to prevent Various fungal diseases.

4. Land preparation and modeling: From October 27 to 28, 2015, combined with fertilization and soil disinfection, deep ploughing and drying, with a depth of 50 cm, the land was raked and leveled to meet the quality requirements of land preparation for level ground, fine soil, sufficient moisture content and high fertilizer. The peony planting area was divided into 3 planting plots of 120m × 12m by irrigation channels.

5. Afforestation: Afforestation time: from April 8 to 10, 2016, when the leaf buds of peony have sprouted and have not yet produced leaves. Selection of seedlings: Peony seedlings come from Caizhai Village, Qingyuan Town, Liangzhou District, Wuwei City. The seedlings are 5 years old. When planting, cut off too many branches and keep 3 to 4 trunks. Hole-opening and fertilization: excavate a 1.0m×0.8m tree-planting hole, and apply 5kg of mature and crushed sheep manure + 0.1kg of biological micro-fertilizer to each tree-planting hole. The organic fertilizer and the excavated soil are fully mixed and backfilled. Planting: The row spacing is 1.5m×2.0m, the seedlings are transplanted with soil balls, the size of the soil balls is 0.40m×0.35m×0.30m, and the planting depth is 0.35-0.4m. For planting, keep the surface of the tree planting hole and the ground level, and irrigate immediately after transplanting.

2. Planting sweet corn and soybeans

Planting time: April 25-26, 2016. Planting technology: conventional corn, soybean planting technology. Planting specifications: Two rows of sweet corn were planted between the rows of peony, with a row spacing of 0.3m × 0.5m, that is, the row spacing of the two rows of sweet corn and peony on both sides was 0.75m. Then, a row of soybeans was planted in the middle position between the two rows of sweet corn, that is, the distance between soybeans and peony was 1.0m, the distance between soybeans and sweet corn was 0.25m, and the soybean plant spacing was 0.3m.

3. Field management

1. Irrigation: On April 14, 2016, irrigate enough seedling water. Depending on the soil moisture, irrigate once each on May 26, June 24, July 16, and August 25, 2016, and on November 8 Irrigated enough winter water every day, 6 times a year.

2. Soil loosening and weeding: in May, June and July 2016, loosen the soil and weed once every 5 to 6 days after irrigation.

3. Timely emasculation of sweet corn: from July 12 to 14, 2016, the tassel is emasculated when the tassel is beyond the top leaves and has not been powdered for harvesting corn shoots. From July 14 to 16, after the tassel has been powdered for 2 Detasseling at ~3 days for harvesting tender ears of sweet corn. It is advisable to choose a sunny day for emasculation, which is carried out from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm.

4. Ear removal of sweet corn: From July 16 to 20, 2016, the redundant earlets were removed, and only one largest ear was retained for each bead; the tillers were retained.

4. Harvest and straw returning

1. Purple spotted peony: From September 8 to 10, 2016, the seeds of Purple spotted peony were harvested. After picking, they were placed in a cool and ventilated room with a stacking thickness of 20 cm. They were turned 1 to 2 times a day. After 7 to 10 days, the pods were large. Most of the seeds cracked on their own, and the seeds exploded. Those that did not explode were lightly rolled. After sorting, they were dried in the shade until the moisture content of the seeds was 8-10%, and they were stored in a ventilated, moisture-proof, insect-proof and rat-proof place.

2. Sweet corn: From August 15th to 21st, 2016, it was harvested at the milk maturity stage with a grain moisture content of 66% to 71%, and the harvest period was 6 days.

3. Soybeans: From September 24th to 26th, 2016, it is the maturity period of soybeans, and soybeans are harvested.

4. Returning sweet corn stalks to the field: On October 18, 2016, the stalks of sweet corn harvested were crushed mechanically, ploughed, and directly pressed into the soil.

Claims (2)

1. A method for compound planting of paeonia rockii for oil in arid sand areas; the method is characterized by comprising the steps of planting paeonia rockii, planting sweet corn and soybean, performing field management, harvesting and returning straw to field, and specifically comprises the following steps:

planting paeonia rockii

(1) Selecting soil: selecting sandy loam with good drainage, and avoiding selecting saline-alkali soil with the salt content of more than 0.55% and cohesive soil as planting forestation land;

(2) fertilizing: before soil preparation, each 666.67m²Applying 1000kg of decomposed farmyard manure sheep manure or cow manure and 50kg of calcium superphosphate as base fertilizer;

(3) soil disinfection: before soil preparation, each 666.67m²1kg of carbendazim wettable powder with the mass concentration of 50% is applied and evenly mixed with 20kg of fine dry soil to prepare toxic soil, and the toxic soil is scattered on the surface of the soil;

(4) land preparation: afforestation and soil preparation in autumn: afforesting is carried out in summer after harvesting in 7-8 months in the year, the afforestation land is cleaned, fertilizing and soil disinfecting are combined, deep ploughing and tedding are carried out, the depth is 50 cm, solarization is carried out for 30-60 days, the land is harrowed and leveled, and the land preparation quality requirements of the flat ground, the fine soil, the sufficient soil moisture and the high fertilizer are met; afforestation and soil preparation in spring: after harvesting in autumn 1 year and 10 months before afforestation, clearing the afforestation land, combining fertilization and soil disinfection, deeply ploughing the afforestation land to meet the soil preparation quality requirements of flat land, fine soil, sufficient soil moisture and high fertilizer, and irrigating enough winter water to facilitate soil loosening;

(5) forestation: selecting nursery stocks: growing the paeonia rockii seedlings for 4-5 years, cutting off excessive branches and leaves, and reserving 4-5 trunks; hole opening and fertilization: excavating tree planting holes of 1.0m multiplied by 0.8m, applying cured and crushed cow dung or sheep dung 3-5 kg and biological micro-fertilizer 0.1kg in each tree planting hole, fully and uniformly stirring organic fertilizer and excavated soil, and backfilling; planting time: planting in the middle ten days of autumn 9 or the last ten days of spring 4, wherein the planting is carried out before the purple-spotted peony leaves do not emerge in spring; planting: the row spacing of the seedlings is 1.5m multiplied by 2.0m, the seedlings are transplanted with soil balls, the specification of the soil balls is 0.40m multiplied by 0.35m multiplied by 0.30m, the planting depth is 0.4-0.5 m, the seedlings are righted, planting is carried out by adopting 'one lifting, two stepping and three burying', the surfaces of tree planting holes and the ground are kept horizontal, and water is poured immediately after transplanting;

planting sweet corn and soybean

Planting time: 4, 20-30 days in 4 months; the planting technology comprises the following steps: conventional corn and soybean planting technology; planting specification: two rows of sweet corns are planted among the paeonia rockii rows in a drilling mode, the row spacing of the plants is 0.3m multiplied by 0.5m, namely the row spacing of the two rows of sweet corns and the two-side paeonia rockii rows is 0.75 m; then, a row of soybeans are planted in a drill way at the middle position between the two rows of sweet corn rows, namely, the distance between the soybeans and the paeonia rockii is 1.0m, the distance between the soybeans and the two rows of sweet corn rows is 0.25m, and the distance between the soybean plants is 0.3 m;

third, field management

(1) And (3) irrigation: watering enough winter water in the first 11 th of the year, watering early spring water in the middle 4 th of the year, and watering once in each of the middle 5 th of the month, the last 6 th of the month, the middle 7 th of the month and the last 8 th of the month; irrigating for 6 times all year round;

(2) soil loosening and weeding: loosening soil and weeding once in 5-6 days after irrigation in 5 months, 6 months and 7 months;

(3) shaping and trimming paeonia rockii: performing one-time shaping and trimming on paeonia rockii before winter or spring germination every year, determining main branches, and removing redundant, excessive, crossed and overlapped branches; keeping robust branches, and removing insect-infected branches, weak branches, drooping branches and dead branches; thinning out the sprouts and the over dense buds at the base part of the plant, and cutting off the withered parts at the upper ends of the buds; the branches and the stems are uniformly distributed, the plant shape is perfect, ventilation and light transmission are realized, and the growth and development of the paeonia rockii are promoted;

(4) timely castration of sweet corn: generally, harvesting young corn in the middle 7 th month, emasculating when the tassel exceeds the top leaf and is not pollen-dispersed, harvesting sweet corn tender ears, and emasculating 2-3 days after the tassel is pollen-dispersed; the emasculation time is preferably selected on sunny days, and is carried out from 9 am to 4 pm, because the temperature is higher in the period, the moisture of the plants is less, the wound is easy to heal, and the germ infection can be avoided;

(5) removing the ears of the sweet corn: in order to produce high-quality and high-yield fruit ears, the excessive small ears must be continuously removed in the middle 7 th month, namely only one maximum ear is reserved; the leaf area of the sweet corn is small, and in order to ensure enough nutrition area, tillering can be kept and not removed;

fourthly, harvesting and returning the straws to the field

(1) Paeonia rockii: after 9 months, the peel is yellow brown, and the seeds can be harvested after the suture line is slightly cracked; after picking, spreading the pod in a cool and ventilated room, stacking the pod with the thickness of 20cm, turning the pod for 1-2 times every day, after 7-10 days, cracking most pods by self, popping out seeds, slightly rolling the pod without popping out, after sorting, drying the pod in the shade until the water content of the seeds is 8-10%, and storing the pod in a ventilated, damp-proof, insect-proof and rat-proof place;

(2) sweet corn: harvesting sweet corns in the middle and last ten days of 8 months generally, and harvesting in the maturity stage with grain water content of 66-71%, wherein the harvesting period is 5-7 days; the purpose of processing the can is to harvest the can for 1-2 days in the early period and to harvest the fresh ears mainly for 2-4 days in the late period;

(3) soybean: harvesting soybeans in the middle and last ten days of 9 months;

(4) returning the sweet corn straws to the field: after the soybeans are harvested, the harvested straws of the sweet corns are mechanically crushed, and the straws are directly turned over and pressed in the soil during ploughing.

2. The method for the compound planting of paeonia rockii for oil in the arid sand area as claimed in claim 1; the method is characterized in that: the planting time of afforestation is autumn.

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