CN109089707A - A kind of efficient implantation methods that oil is yielded two crops a year with tree peony and fresh edible maize - Google Patents
A kind of efficient implantation methods that oil is yielded two crops a year with tree peony and fresh edible maize Download PDFInfo
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- CN109089707A CN109089707A CN201810980325.9A CN201810980325A CN109089707A CN 109089707 A CN109089707 A CN 109089707A CN 201810980325 A CN201810980325 A CN 201810980325A CN 109089707 A CN109089707 A CN 109089707A
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- tree peony
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- edible maize
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
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Abstract
The invention discloses the efficient implantation methods of two crops a year that a kind of oil uses tree peony and fresh edible maize.The method of the present invention includes the following steps: life in 5 years uses the line-spacings such as tree peony strong sprout to plant to oil, and plant/line spacing is 0.4m × 0.5m, and density is 3300 plants per acre, then every two row oil kind a line fresh edible maize between tree peony.Oil of the invention is easy to operate with tree peony and fresh edible maize interplanting method, and time and labour saving can fully ensure that two kinds of crop symplastic growths, be conducive to increase land cover pattern rate, reduce production cost, reduces weed growth, the crop field ecological balance is maintained, light simplified cultivation in planting process is realized.This method not only solves the oil tree peony in the ranks idle problem of land resource in the prior art, and in full summer the time play the role of shading and keep away day, avoid plant caused by burning day and injure；Two crops a year are also achieved simultaneously, 0.07 hectare net income creates good economic benefit up to 3500 yuan or more.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop planting technical fields, and in particular to a kind of oily with tree peony and fresh edible maize two crops a year
Efficient implantation methods.
Background technique
Oil is a kind of traditional oil tree that the ability of setting seeds is strong with tree peony, belongs to ombrophyte, intolerant to high fever of burning day, seed
Oil content is abundant, and unsaturated fatty acid content is high, has high nutritive value and medical value.Oil uses tree peony as perennial
Traditional oil tree is planted, traditional single cropping mode throughout the year, more than life in 5 years can only harvest a season within nursery stock 1 year.
Fresh edible maize is a kind of fresh and tender maize with unique oral sensations and quality, predominantly corn and waxy corn, thick egg
White, crude fat, oleic acid, lysine content are high, easy to digest.Soft delicate after cooked, thin skin is without slag, and full of nutrition, mouthfeel is only
Spy, growth period is short, is suitable for fresh food, may be made as can and quick-frozen preservation.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to how solve the problems, such as that oil is left unused with tree peony plantation blank, give full play to cultivated
Ground utilization rate realizes the increasing both production and income of tree peony and fresh edible maize of unit plane oil accumulation.In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problem, of the invention
Provide a kind of efficient implantation methods that oil is yielded two crops a year with tree peony and fresh edible maize.
On the one hand, the present invention protects the oil implantation methods of tree peony and fresh edible maize.
Oil provided by the invention includes making oil between tree peony and fresh edible maize with the implantation methods of tree peony and fresh edible maize
The step of interplanting.
In the above method, the method for the intercropping is that line-spacings sowing oil is waited to use tree peony, every two row oil between tree peony
Kind a line fresh edible maize.I.e. the second row oil with tree peony and the third line oil between tree peony, fourth line oil is with tree peony and fifth line oil
With between tree peony, the 6th row oil tree peony and the 7th row oil between tree peony, and so on, between plant a line fresh edible maize, and make it
It is equal with the line-spacing of tree peony with the oil of two sides.
In the above method, further include the steps that applying decomposed manure before the fresh edible maize sowing；It is described decomposed organic
Fertilizer is the mixed material that will be made of mushroom waste, sheep dung and wheat stalk successively after disinfection, deodorization and drying and processing
Obtained fertilizer.
Further, the mushroom waste is the mushroom waste after sunning；The sheep dung is the sheep dung after sunning；Institute
Stating wheat stalk is smashed wheat stalk.In the present invention, the method for the sunning is to set mushroom waste and sheep dung
In dring yard, sunning is air-dried, its moisture content is made to reach 20-30%.
The method of the disinfection is steam sterilization.
Further, the amount of application of the decomposed manure is 1000-1500 kilograms per acre.In the present invention, described
The amount of application of decomposed manure is 1200 kilograms per acre.
The vapor (steam) temperature of the steam sterilization can be 70-90 DEG C, and steaming time can be 20-30min.In the present invention,
The vapor (steam) temperature of the steam sterilization is specially 80 DEG C, and steaming time is specially 25min.
It further include being protected to oil tree peony blade spray on plants in the summer has set in time (late May to early June) in the above method
The step of protecting liquid.The dosage of the plant protecting liquid is to spray 800-1000L per acre.
The plant protecting liquid the preparation method is as follows: zinc sulfate mother liquor, diethylamine tetraacethyl iron are received mother liquor, calcium nitrate
Mother liquor, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mother liquor, sulfuric acid mother liquid of magnesium and potassium nitrate mother liquor mix, and obtain mixed liquor；Then by the mixed liquor with
Dispersing agent mixes, and obtains the plant protecting liquid.
Further, the zinc sulfate mother liquor, the diethylamine tetraacethyl iron receive mother liquor, the nitric acid mother liquor of calcium, described
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mother liquor, the sulfuric acid mother liquid of magnesium, the potassium nitrate mother liquor are mixed according to the ratio that volume ratio is 1:2:2:2:2:2
It is even；
The dispersing agent is added in the mixed liquor according to the ratio that volume fraction is 0.3%.
Further, the zinc sulfate mother liquor, the diethylamine tetraacethyl iron receive mother liquor, the nitric acid mother liquor of calcium, institute
State ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mother liquor, the sulfuric acid mother liquid of magnesium, the potassium nitrate mother liquid concentration be respectively 0.29g/L, 18g/L, 295g/L,
34g/L,123g/L,126g/L.The solvent of each mother liquor is water.
The dispersing agent is organosilicone spreading agent, specially agricultural organosilicone spreading agent.The agricultural organosilicon point
Powder addition mixed liquor is placed on magnetic stirrer and mixes well.
In the above method, the oil is 0.4-0.6m with the sowing line-spacing of tree peony；
The oil is 0.3-0.5m with the sowing spacing in the rows of tree peony；
The sowing spacing in the rows of the fresh edible maize is 0.25-0.3m.
Further, the oil is 0.5m with the sowing line-spacing of tree peony；
The oil is 0.4m with the sowing spacing in the rows of tree peony；
The sowing spacing in the rows of the fresh edible maize is 0.25m.
In the above method, the oil can be common kind with tree peony and fresh edible maize.In the present invention, described oily with male
The oil that pellet is 5 years raw or more is specially ' Feng Dan ' with tree peony nursery stock, kind；The kind of the fresh edible maize is specially Zheng's Huang glutinous 2
Number, Si Da Tian208Huo Jing section glutinous 2000.
On the other hand, the present invention protects above-mentioned decomposed manure.
The above method or decomposed manure are following 1) -4) in it is any in application also belong to protection model of the invention
It encloses:
1) oil is promoted to be grown with tree peony；
2) oil tree peony sunscald disease incidence is reduced；
3) oil tree peony yield is improved；
4) fresh edible maize yield is improved.
The present invention provides the efficient implantation methods that a kind of oil is yielded two crops a year with tree peony and fresh edible maize, the plantations of this method
Mode uses tree peony for equal line-spacings sowing oil, every two row oil kind a line fresh edible maize between tree peony.Oil of the invention with tree peony and
The implantation methods of fresh edible maize sufficiently combine the oil growth characteristics of tree peony happiness negative characteristic and corn long-stalked crop, by rationally controlling
The liquefaction planting density of tree peony and corn plants are away from providing shading effect with tree peony for oil, guaranteeing the oily tree peony not underproduction
In the case of, it also can guarantee fresh edible maize normal growth, realize two kinds of crop symplastic growths, not only increase oil and produced with tree peony
It measures, reduce sunscald incidence, also increased income fresh edible maize.The oil of the invention interplanting method of tree peony and fresh edible maize operation
Simplicity, time and labour saving are conducive to increase land cover pattern rate, reduce production cost, reduce weed growth, maintain crop field ecology flat
Weighing apparatus, realizes light simplified cultivation in planting process.This method not only solves oil tree peony in the ranks land resource in the prior art
Idle problem, and in full summer the time play the role of shading keep away day, avoid day burn caused by plant injure；It is also real simultaneously
Two crops a year are showed, 0.07 hectare net income creates good economic benefit up to 3500 yuan or more.
Specific embodiment
Below by specific implementation method, invention is further described in detail, and mode of the invention includes but not only limits
In following embodiment.
Experimental method used in following embodiments is conventional method unless otherwise specified.
The materials, reagents and the like used in the following examples is commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Quantitative test in following embodiments, is respectively provided with three repeated experiments, and results are averaged.
The efficient implantation methods that embodiment 1, a kind of oil are yielded two crops a year with tree peony and fresh edible maize
One, experimental group
1, the selection of kind
Oil is with tree peony: life in 5 years uses tree peony nursery stock to oil, and derives from Heze city of Shandong province Mudan District, and variety name is ' phoenix
It is red '；
Fresh edible maize: fresh edible maize seed derives from Seed Market, and growth period is 70-75 days, and variety name is that Zheng's Huang is glutinous
No. 2.
2, soil treatment before sowing
In order to keep soil more loose ventilative, convenient for sowing and controlling depth of planting, sowing is turned over, is turned over for first 7 days
Depth is 30-40cm.
3, sowing oil uses tree peony
In in September, 2014, in Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jiyang proving ground, life in 5 years is transplanted to oil and use tree peony nursery stock.
Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.4m；Sowing line-spacing is 0.5m；Depth of planting is 0.3m；Thickness of sowing is 3300 plants per acre, sows 1 mu altogether.
4, site preparation trench digging and fertilising
In oil tree peony growing area, ditched by ditching machine to plot of leaving unused in oil tree peony line-spacing, in conjunction with site preparation
Application decomposed manure, 1200 kilograms per acre.
Decomposed manure is the preparation method is as follows: (purchase is in feeding by mushroom waste (purchase is in mushroom farmer) and sheep dung
Grow family) it is placed in dring yard, sunning air-dries, and so that moisture content is reached 20-30%, mushroom waste and sheep dung after being dried；It will
Wheat stalk (purchase is in peasant household) is smashed with pulverizer, obtains smashed stalk.By after sunning mushroom waste, sheep dung with
Three kinds of raw materials of smashed stalk are mixed according to the ratio that mass ratio is 2:3:5, obtain mixed material.Using steam sterilization pair
Mixed material carries out disinfection, and vapor (steam) temperature is 80 DEG C, and steaming time is 25 minutes, the fertilizer after being sterilized.Fertilizer after disinfection
Material after deodorant (being purchased from Shandong Boulder Biotechnology Co., Ltd) deodorization and chamber typed drying-machine drying and processing, can successively make
With.
5, fresh edible maize is sowed
Fresh edible maize is sowed in mid-May, 2017, every two row oil with a line fresh edible maize is planted between tree peony, i.e., second
Row oil with tree peony and the third line oil between tree peony, fourth line oil with tree peony and fifth line oil between tree peony, the 6th row oil use tree peony
And the 7th row oil between tree peony, and so on, between plant a line fresh edible maize, and make its oil with two sides line-spacing phase of tree peony
Deng.Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.25m；Depth of planting is 3-5cm.
6, field management
(1) when fresh edible maize germination it is long to 5-7cm high when, by spacing in the rows 0.25-0.3m final singling, determine in postemergence weed control
It ploughs, prevents from hurting root.Appropriate moisturizing, avoids ponding when the arid of crop field.When the pest and disease damages such as corn borer occur, it can refer to application and illustrate section
Learn medication.
(2) summer has set in time (late May to late June) avoids day with high temperature from burning evil for protection oil with tree peony blade, right
Oil protects liquid with the appropriate spray on plants of tree peony blade, sprays 900L per acre.
Plant protecting liquid the preparation method is as follows: zinc sulfate is respectively configured indoors, diethylamine tetraacethyl iron is received, calcium nitrate,
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate (chemically pure reagent is purchased from Shandong Boulder Biotechnology Co., Ltd) mother liquor (solvent
For water), making each mother liquid concentration is respectively 0.29g/L, 18g/L, 295g/L, 34g/L, 123g/L, 126g/L；Then by zinc sulfate
Mother liquor, diethylamine tetraacethyl iron receive mother liquor, nitric acid mother liquor of calcium, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mother liquor, sulfuric acid mother liquid of magnesium, potassium nitrate mother liquor according to
The ratio that volume ratio is 1:2:2:2:2:2 mixes, and obtains mixed liquor；The ratio for being again 0.3% according to volume fraction into mixed liquor
Agriculture organosilicone spreading agent (being purchased from Shandong Kevin Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is added in example, and it is sufficiently mixed to be placed in magnetic stirrer
After even to get arrive plant protecting liquid.Brown bottle saves, that is, can be used.
Two, control group
5 years oil generation is planted with only equal line-spacings to be made with tree peony (oil is not planted with tree peony between fresh edible maize or other any crops)
For control group.Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.4m；Sowing line-spacing is 0.5m；Thickness of sowing is 3300 plants per acre, sows 1 mu altogether.
Three, output statistics
In in late July, 2017, fresh edible maize 20-25 days maturations after pollination, according to kernel grouting degree, under in due course artificial
Stick harvesting, timely working process after harvesting.In in early or mid August, 2017 harvest oil tree peony fruit pod, according to full seed degree, fruit
Pod is bottle green and does not crack that artificial picking in due course, fruit pod is placed in ventilating and cooling place and dries after picking.
The result shows that: control group peony seeds yield is 150kg/ mus, and experimental group peony seeds yield is produced up to 180kg/ mus
3000 yuan of value or so.Under the conditions of intercropping, for fresh edible maize yield up to 1000-1200/mu, the output value is 2000 yuan or so.
Four, tree peony sunscald incidence
Investigating experimental group and control group oil respectively in the 6-7 month in 2017, a situation arises with the sunscald of tree peony blade, and unites
Count sunscald incidence.Sunscald disease incidence calculation formula is as follows: (there is withered plant number/whole plant number in blade) ×
100%.
The result shows that: control group blade sunscald incidence is 23%, and experimental group blade sunscald incidence is 9%.
The efficient implantation methods that embodiment 2, a kind of oil are yielded two crops a year with tree peony and fresh edible maize
One, experimental group
1, the selection of kind
Oil is with tree peony: life in 5 years uses tree peony nursery stock to oil, and derives from Heze city of Shandong province Mudan District, and variety name is ' phoenix
It is red '；
Fresh edible maize: fresh edible maize seed derives from Seed Market, and growth period is 70-75 days, and variety name is that this reaches sweet tea
208。
2, soil treatment before sowing
In order to keep soil more loose ventilative, convenient for sowing and controlling depth of planting, sowing is turned over, is turned over for first 7 days
Depth is 30-40cm.
3, sowing oil uses tree peony
In in September, 2014, in Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jiyang proving ground, life in 5 years is transplanted to oil and use tree peony nursery stock.
Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.4m；Sowing line-spacing is 0.5m；Depth of planting is 0.3m；Thickness of sowing is 3300 plants per acre, sows 1 mu altogether.
4, site preparation trench digging and fertilising
In oil tree peony growing area, ditched by ditching machine to plot of leaving unused in oil tree peony line-spacing, in conjunction with site preparation
Application decomposed manure, 1200 kilograms per acre.
Decomposed manure is the preparation method is as follows: (purchase is in feeding by mushroom waste (purchase is in mushroom farmer) and sheep dung
Grow family) it is placed in dring yard, sunning air-dries, and so that moisture content is reached 20-30%, mushroom waste and sheep dung after being dried；It will
Wheat stalk (purchase is in peasant household) is smashed with pulverizer, obtains smashed stalk.By after sunning mushroom waste, sheep dung with
Three kinds of raw materials of smashed stalk are mixed according to the ratio that mass ratio is 2:3:5, obtain mixed material.Using steam sterilization pair
Mixed material carries out disinfection, and vapor (steam) temperature is 80 DEG C, and steaming time is 25 minutes, the fertilizer after being sterilized.Fertilizer after disinfection
Material after deodorant (being purchased from Shandong Boulder Biotechnology Co., Ltd) deodorization and chamber typed drying-machine drying and processing, can successively make
With.
5, fresh edible maize is sowed
Fresh edible maize is sowed in mid-May, 2017, every two row oil with a line fresh edible maize is planted between tree peony, i.e., second
Row oil with tree peony and the third line oil between tree peony, fourth line oil with tree peony and fifth line oil between tree peony, the 6th row oil use tree peony
And the 7th row oil between tree peony, and so on, between plant a line fresh edible maize, and make its oil with two sides line-spacing phase of tree peony
Deng.Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.25m；Depth of planting is 3-5cm.
6, field management
(1) when fresh edible maize germination it is long to 5-7cm high when, by spacing in the rows 0.25-0.3m final singling, determine in postemergence weed control
It ploughs, prevents from hurting root.Appropriate moisturizing, avoids ponding when the arid of crop field.When the pest and disease damages such as corn borer occur, it can refer to application and illustrate section
Learn medication.
(2) summer has set in time (late May to late June) avoids day with high temperature from burning evil for protection oil with tree peony blade, right
Oil protects liquid with the appropriate spray on plants of tree peony blade, sprays 900L per acre.
Plant protecting liquid the preparation method is as follows: zinc sulfate is respectively configured indoors, diethylamine tetraacethyl iron is received, calcium nitrate,
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate (chemically pure reagent is purchased from Shandong Boulder Biotechnology Co., Ltd) mother liquor (solvent
For water), making each mother liquid concentration is respectively 0.29g/L, 18g/L, 295g/L, 34g/L, 123g/L, 126g/L；Then by zinc sulfate
Mother liquor, diethylamine tetraacethyl iron receive mother liquor, nitric acid mother liquor of calcium, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mother liquor, sulfuric acid mother liquid of magnesium, potassium nitrate mother liquor according to
The ratio that volume ratio is 1:2:2:2:2:2 mixes, and obtains mixed liquor；The ratio for being again 0.3% according to volume fraction into mixed liquor
Agriculture organosilicone spreading agent (being purchased from Shandong Kevin Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is added in example, and it is sufficiently mixed to be placed in magnetic stirrer
After even to get arrive plant protecting liquid.Brown bottle saves, that is, can be used.
Two, control group
5 years oil generation is planted with only equal line-spacings to be made with tree peony (oil is not planted with tree peony between fresh edible maize or other any crops)
For control group.Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.4m；Sowing line-spacing is 0.5m；Thickness of sowing is 3300 plants per acre, sows 1 mu altogether.
Three, output statistics
In in late July, 2017, fresh edible maize 20-25 days maturations after pollination, according to kernel grouting degree, under in due course artificial
Stick harvesting, timely working process after harvesting.In in early or mid August, 2017 harvest oil tree peony fruit pod, according to full seed degree, fruit
Pod is bottle green and does not crack that artificial picking in due course, fruit pod is placed in ventilating and cooling place and dries after picking.
The result shows that: control group peony seeds yield is 150kg/ mus, and experimental group peony seeds yield is produced up to 185kg/ mus
3000 yuan of value or so.Under the conditions of intercropping, for fresh edible maize yield up to 1000-1100/mu, the output value is 2000 yuan or so.
Four, tree peony sunscald incidence
Investigating experimental group and control group oil respectively in the 6-7 month in 2017, a situation arises with the sunscald of tree peony blade, and unites
Count sunscald incidence.Sunscald disease incidence calculation formula is as follows: (there is withered plant number/whole plant number in blade) ×
100%.
The result shows that: control group blade sunscald incidence is 25%, and experimental group blade sunscald incidence is 8%.
The efficient implantation methods that embodiment 3, a kind of oil are yielded two crops a year with tree peony and fresh edible maize
One, experimental group
1, the selection of kind
Oil is with tree peony: life in 5 years uses tree peony nursery stock to oil, and derives from Heze city of Shandong province Mudan District, and variety name is ' phoenix
It is red '；
Fresh edible maize: fresh edible maize seed derives from Seed Market, and growth period is 70-75 days, and variety name is that capital section is glutinous
2000。
2, soil treatment before sowing
In order to keep soil more loose ventilative, convenient for sowing and controlling depth of planting, sowing is turned over, is turned over for first 7 days
Depth is 30-40cm.
3, sowing oil uses tree peony
In in September, 2014, in Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jiyang proving ground, life in 5 years is transplanted to oil and use tree peony nursery stock.
Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.4m；Sowing line-spacing is 0.5m；Depth of planting is 0.3m；Thickness of sowing is 3300 plants per acre, sows 1 mu altogether.
4, site preparation trench digging and fertilising
In oil tree peony growing area, ditched by ditching machine to plot of leaving unused in oil tree peony line-spacing, in conjunction with site preparation
Application decomposed manure, 1200 kilograms per acre.
Decomposed manure is the preparation method is as follows: (purchase is in feeding by mushroom waste (purchase is in mushroom farmer) and sheep dung
Grow family) it is placed in dring yard, sunning air-dries, and so that moisture content is reached 20-30%, mushroom waste and sheep dung after being dried；It will
Wheat stalk (purchase is in peasant household) is smashed with pulverizer, obtains smashed stalk.By after sunning mushroom waste, sheep dung with
Three kinds of raw materials of smashed stalk are mixed according to the ratio that mass ratio is 2:3:5, obtain mixed material.Using steam sterilization pair
Mixed material carries out disinfection, and vapor (steam) temperature is 80 DEG C, and steaming time is 25 minutes, the fertilizer after being sterilized.Fertilizer after disinfection
Material after deodorant (being purchased from Shandong Boulder Biotechnology Co., Ltd) deodorization and chamber typed drying-machine drying and processing, can successively make
With.
5, fresh edible maize is sowed
Fresh edible maize is sowed in mid-May, 2017, every two row oil with a line fresh edible maize is planted between tree peony, i.e., second
Row oil with tree peony and the third line oil between tree peony, fourth line oil with tree peony and fifth line oil between tree peony, the 6th row oil use tree peony
And the 7th row oil between tree peony, and so on, between plant a line fresh edible maize, and make its oil with two sides line-spacing phase of tree peony
Deng.Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.25m；Depth of planting is 3-5cm.
6, field management
(1) when fresh edible maize germination it is long to 5-7cm high when, by spacing in the rows 0.25-0.3m final singling, determine in postemergence weed control
It ploughs, prevents from hurting root.Appropriate moisturizing, avoids ponding when the arid of crop field.When the pest and disease damages such as corn borer occur, it can refer to application and illustrate section
Learn medication.
(2) summer has set in time (late May to late June) avoids day with high temperature from burning evil for protection oil with tree peony blade, right
Oil protects liquid with the appropriate spray on plants of tree peony blade, sprays 900L per acre.
Plant protecting liquid the preparation method is as follows: zinc sulfate is respectively configured indoors, diethylamine tetraacethyl iron is received, calcium nitrate,
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate (chemically pure reagent is purchased from Shandong Boulder Biotechnology Co., Ltd) mother liquor (solvent
For water), making each mother liquid concentration is respectively 0.29g/L, 18g/L, 295g/L, 34g/L, 123g/L, 126g/L；Then by zinc sulfate
Mother liquor, diethylamine tetraacethyl iron receive mother liquor, nitric acid mother liquor of calcium, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mother liquor, sulfuric acid mother liquid of magnesium, potassium nitrate mother liquor according to
The ratio that volume ratio is 1:2:2:2:2:2 mixes, and obtains mixed liquor；The ratio for being again 0.3% according to volume fraction into mixed liquor
Agriculture organosilicone spreading agent (being purchased from Shandong Kevin Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is added in example, and it is sufficiently mixed to be placed in magnetic stirrer
After even to get arrive plant protecting liquid.Brown bottle saves, that is, can be used.
Two, control group
5 years oil generation is planted with only equal line-spacings to be made with tree peony (oil is not planted with tree peony between fresh edible maize or other any crops)
For control group.Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.4m；Sowing line-spacing is 0.5m；Thickness of sowing is 3300 plants per acre, sows 1 mu altogether.
Three, output statistics
In in late July, 2017, fresh edible maize 20-25 days maturations after pollination, according to kernel grouting degree, under in due course artificial
Stick harvesting, timely working process after harvesting.In in early or mid August, 2017 harvest oil tree peony fruit pod, according to full seed degree, fruit
Pod is bottle green and does not crack that artificial picking in due course, fruit pod is placed in ventilating and cooling place and dries after picking.
The result shows that: control group peony seeds yield is 150kg/ mus, and experimental group peony seeds yield is produced up to 165kg/ mus
3000 yuan of value or so.Under the conditions of intercropping, for fresh edible maize yield up to 1000-1200/mu, the output value is 2000 yuan or so.
Four, tree peony sunscald incidence
Investigating experimental group and control group oil respectively in the 6-7 month in 2017, a situation arises with the sunscald of tree peony blade, and unites
Count sunscald incidence.Sunscald disease incidence calculation formula is as follows: (there is withered plant number/whole plant number in blade) ×
100%.
The result shows that: control group blade sunscald incidence is 27%, and experimental group blade sunscald incidence is 10%.
Comparative example, a kind of oil implantation methods of tree peony and fresh edible maize
One, experimental group
1, the selection of kind
Oil is with tree peony: life in 5 years uses tree peony nursery stock to oil, and derives from Heze city of Shandong province Mudan District, and variety name is ' phoenix
It is red '；
Fresh edible maize: fresh edible maize seed derives from Seed Market, and growth period is 70-75 days, and variety name is that Zheng's Huang is glutinous
No. 2.
2, soil treatment before sowing
In order to keep soil more loose ventilative, convenient for sowing and controlling depth of planting, sowing is turned over, is turned over for first 7 days
Depth is 30-40cm.
3, sowing oil uses tree peony
In in September, 2014, in Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences Jiyang proving ground, life in 5 years is transplanted to oil and use tree peony nursery stock.
Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.4m；Sowing line-spacing is 0.5m；Depth of planting is 0.3m；Thickness of sowing is 3300 plants per acre, sows 1 mu altogether.
4, site preparation trench digging and fertilising
In oil tree peony growing area, ditched by ditching machine to plot of leaving unused in oil tree peony line-spacing, in conjunction with site preparation
Application decomposed manure, 1200 kilograms per acre.
Decomposed manure is the preparation method is as follows: (purchase is in feeding by mushroom waste (purchase is in mushroom farmer) and sheep dung
Grow family) it is placed in dring yard, sunning air-dries, and so that moisture content is reached 20-30%, mushroom waste and sheep dung after being dried；It will
Wheat stalk (purchase is in peasant household) is smashed with pulverizer, obtains smashed stalk.By after sunning mushroom waste, sheep dung with
Three kinds of raw materials of smashed stalk are mixed according to the ratio that mass ratio is 2:3:5, obtain mixed material.Using steam sterilization pair
Mixed material carries out disinfection, and vapor (steam) temperature is 80 DEG C, and steaming time is 25 minutes, the fertilizer after being sterilized.Fertilizer after disinfection
Material is successively deodorized with after drying and processing, that is, can be used.
5, fresh edible maize is sowed
Fresh edible maize is sowed in mid-May, 2017, every two rows oil is with kind of a line fresh edible maize is equidistantly sowed discord between tree peony, i.e.,
The first row oil with tree peony and the second row oil between tree peony, the second row oil tree peony and the third line oil between tree peony, the third line oil
With tree peony and fourth line oil between tree peony, and so on, equidistant kind a line fresh edible maize.Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.25m；It broadcasts
Kind depth is 3-5cm.
6, field management
(1) when fresh edible maize germination it is long to 5-7cm high when, by spacing in the rows 0.25-0.3m final singling, determine in postemergence weed control
It ploughs, prevents from hurting root.Appropriate moisturizing, avoids ponding when the arid of crop field.When the pest and disease damages such as corn borer occur, it can refer to application and illustrate section
Learn medication.
(2) summer has set in time (late May to late June) avoids day with high temperature from burning evil for protection oil with tree peony blade, right
Oil protects liquid with the appropriate spray on plants of tree peony blade, sprays 900L per acre.
Plant protecting liquid the preparation method is as follows: zinc sulfate is respectively configured indoors, diethylamine tetraacethyl iron is received, calcium nitrate,
Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, magnesium sulfate, potassium nitrate (chemically pure reagent is purchased from Shandong Boulder Biotechnology Co., Ltd) mother liquor (solvent
For water), making each mother liquid concentration is respectively 0.29g/L, 18g/L, 295g/L, 34g/L, 123g/L, 126g/L；Then by zinc sulfate
Mother liquor, diethylamine tetraacethyl iron receive mother liquor, nitric acid mother liquor of calcium, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mother liquor, sulfuric acid mother liquid of magnesium, potassium nitrate mother liquor according to
The ratio that volume ratio is 1:2:2:2:2:2 mixes, and obtains mixed liquor；The ratio for being again 0.3% according to volume fraction into mixed liquor
Agriculture organosilicone spreading agent (being purchased from Shandong Kevin Biotechnology Co., Ltd) is added in example, and it is sufficiently mixed to be placed in magnetic stirrer
After even to get arrive plant protecting liquid.Brown bottle saves, that is, can be used.
Two, control group
5 years oil generation is planted with only equal line-spacings to be made with tree peony (oil is not planted with tree peony between fresh edible maize or other any crops)
For control group.Sowing spacing in the rows is 0.4m；Sowing line-spacing is 0.5m；Thickness of sowing is 3300 plants per acre, sows 1 mu altogether.
Three, output statistics
In in late July, 2017, fresh edible maize 20-25 days maturations after pollination, according to kernel grouting degree, under in due course artificial
Stick harvesting, timely working process after harvesting.In in early or mid August, 2017 harvest oil tree peony fruit pod, according to full seed degree, fruit
Pod is bottle green and does not crack that artificial picking in due course, fruit pod is placed in ventilating and cooling place and dries after picking.
The result shows that: control group peony seeds yield is 150kg/ mus, and experimental group peony seeds yield is 100kg/ mus, the output value
1800 yuan or so.Under the conditions of intercropping, for fresh edible maize yield up to 1400-1500/mu, the output value is 2400 yuan or so.
Four, tree peony damping-off incidence
Investigating experimental group and control group oil respectively in July, 2017, a situation arises with tree peony damping-off, and counts damping-off
Incidence.Damping-off disease incidence calculation formula is as follows: (plant number/whole plant number of withered, mould corruption occur in blade and root)
× 100%.
The result shows that: control group damping-off incidence is 2%, and experimental group damping-off incidence is 28%.
Oil is planted with tree peony and fresh edible maize according to 1+1 mode in comparative example, and Row spacing of maize is excessively compact, and in the ranks dispelling wind is saturating
Gas effect is poor, and sunlight radiation response is poor, and under hot and humid environment, oil mould corruption occurs with tree peony blade, and damping-off occurs, finally
Lead to the peony seeds underproduction.
In conclusion the efficient intercropping mode that present invention oil is yielded two crops a year with tree peony and fresh edible maize, can not only mention
High oil tree peony yield reduces sunscald incidence, and takes full advantage of oil and left unused plot with tree peony, and it is beautiful to have increased income fresh food
Rice, creates good economic benefit, 0.07 hectare net income is up to 3500 yuan or more.
Above embodiments are only to illustrate preferable embodiment of the invention, only are used to facilitate to illustrate the present invention, not
Limitation in any form is done to invention, those skilled in the art should understand that, it is any to modify or replace, and not
It is detached from technical feature content of the invention, is belonged in the range of the technology of the present invention feature.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of oil implantation methods of tree peony and fresh edible maize, the step including oil to be used to tree peony and fresh edible maize intercropping
Suddenly.
2. according to the method described in claim 1, it is characterized by: the method for the intercropping is to wait line-spacings sowing oily with male
Pellet, every two row oil kind a line fresh edible maize between tree peony.
3. method according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that: further include that application is decomposed before the fresh edible maize sowing
The step of organic fertilizer；
Or, the decomposed manure is by the mixed material being made of mushroom waste, sheep dung and wheat stalk successively by disappearing
The fertilizer obtained after poison, deodorization and drying and processing.
4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized by:
The mushroom waste is the mushroom waste after sunning；
Or, the sheep dung is the sheep dung after sunning；
Or, the wheat stalk is smashed wheat stalk；
Or, the method for the disinfection is steam sterilization；
Or, the vapor (steam) temperature of the steam sterilization is 70-90 DEG C, steaming time 20-30min.
5. method according to claim 1 to 4, it is characterised in that: in the summer has set in time further include to oil with tree peony blade
Spray on plants protects the step of liquid；
Or, the plant protecting liquid the preparation method is as follows: zinc sulfate mother liquor, diethylamine tetraacethyl iron are received mother liquor, calcium nitrate
Mother liquor, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate mother liquor, sulfuric acid mother liquid of magnesium and potassium nitrate mother liquor mix, and obtain mixed liquor；Then by the mixed liquor with
Dispersing agent mixes, and obtains the plant protecting liquid；
Or, the zinc sulfate mother liquor, the diethylamine tetraacethyl iron receive mother liquor, the nitric acid mother liquor of calcium, the ammonium dihydrogen phosphate
Mother liquor, the sulfuric acid mother liquid of magnesium, the potassium nitrate mother liquor are mixed according to the ratio that volume ratio is 1:2:2:2:2:2；
Or, the dispersing agent is organosilicone spreading agent.
6. -5 any method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:
The oil is 0.4-0.6m with the sowing line-spacing of tree peony；
The oil is 0.3-0.5m with the sowing spacing in the rows of tree peony；
The sowing spacing in the rows of the fresh edible maize is 0.25-0.3m.
7. according to the method described in claim 6, it is characterized by:
The oil is 0.5m with the sowing line-spacing of tree peony；
The oil is 0.4m with the sowing spacing in the rows of tree peony；
The sowing spacing in the rows of the fresh edible maize is 0.25m.
8. -7 any method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: the oil is 5 years raw to oil with male with tree peony
Red nursery stock；
Or, the oil is Feng Dan with the kind of tree peony；
Or, the kind of the fresh edible maize is Zheng yellow glutinous No. 2, Si Da Tian208Huo Jing section glutinous 2000.
9. decomposed manure described in claim 3.
10. any method of claim 1-8 or decomposed manure as claimed in claim 9 are following 1) -4) in it is any
Application in kind；
1) oil is promoted to be grown with tree peony；
2) oil tree peony sunscald disease incidence is reduced；
3) oil tree peony yield is improved；
4) fresh edible maize yield is improved.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN113924928A (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-01-14 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Method for preventing and controlling weeds in peony field |
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