CN108377861A - Improve the organic cultivation method of tomato pol - Google Patents
Improve the organic cultivation method of tomato pol Download PDFInfo
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- CN108377861A CN108377861A CN201810112807.2A CN201810112807A CN108377861A CN 108377861 A CN108377861 A CN 108377861A CN 201810112807 A CN201810112807 A CN 201810112807A CN 108377861 A CN108377861 A CN 108377861A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/05—Fruit crops, e.g. strawberries, tomatoes or cucumbers
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A01N59/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing elements or inorganic compounds
- A01N59/08—Alkali metal chlorides; Alkaline earth metal chlorides
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of organic cultivation methods improving tomato pol, belong to the organic farming field of tomato.The organic cultivation method of the present invention for improving tomato pol, includes the following steps：(1) tomato seeds are soaked seed, vernalization, is sowed after seed sprouting, nursery；(2) tomato seedling is colonized in crop field, carries out field management, beared fruit the phase when tomato the first fringe fruit enters, use EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root；(3) wait for Fruit Ripening of Tomato, harvesting to get.The organic cultivation method of the present invention for improving tomato pol, it is soaked seed using EM bacterium dilutions, the stalks mulching in the time of infertility after tomato is colonized, pouring root is carried out using EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride in the phase of bearing fruit, when tamato fruit enters expanding stage, foliage spray is carried out using the EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride of low concentration；This method can effectively improve tomato yield and quality, especially improve the sugar content of tomato, while having repair to soil.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of organic cultivation method of tomato more particularly to a kind of organic farming sides for improving tomato pol
Method belongs to the organic farming field of tomato.
Background technology
Tomato, alias tomato, kind persimmon, Solanaceae tomato genus annual herb plant.Fruits nutrition is abundant, has special wind
Taste can be eaten raw, cook, being processed into tomato sauce, widely used, deep to be liked by consumers in general.As facilities vegetable is given birth to
The development of production, tomato cultivation area constantly expand, and have become one of main culturing vegetable of China.Traditional soil cultivation by
In planting year after year, the soil-borne diseases such as early blight, bacterial wilt are on the rise, thus the significantly underproduction.Peasant is usually in order to maintain kind
The development of eggplant high yield and control disease, uses chemical fertilizer and chemical pesticide, to make producing cost increase, nutrition in soil too much
Element ratio is lacked of proper care, and utilization rate constantly declines, pest and disease damage aggravates, heavy-metal residual is exceeded, causes under tomato yield and quality
Drop, environmental pollution getting worse.
Therefore, a kind of organic farming pattern of tomato is developed, Tomato Quality is effectively improved, especially improves tomato candies
Degree reduces the use of chemical fertilizer and pesticide, will be of great significance.
Invention content
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of organic cultivation method improving tomato pol, this method masters
It to use EM bacterium dilutions to soak seed, bear fruit the phase using EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root in tomato, fruit enters expanding stage use
Diluted EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride carries out foliage spray, can effectively improve tomato yield and quality, especially raising kind
Eggplant pol.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
The invention discloses a kind of organic cultivation methods improving tomato pol, include the following steps：(1) by tomato seeds
It is soaked seed, vernalization, is sowed after seed sprouting, nursery；(2) tomato seedling is colonized in crop field, carries out field management,
Bear fruit the phase when tomato the first fringe fruit enters, uses EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root；(3) it waits for Fruit Ripening of Tomato, harvests, i.e.,
.
Wherein, the dosage of step (2) EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride is 1-6L/ mus, preferably 2-6L/ mus, most preferably
It is 5L/ mus；By pouring root after the suitably dilution of EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride.
Step (2) further includes：When tamato fruit enters expanding stage, blade face is carried out using diluted EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride
Sprinkling；Preferably, described to be diluted to dilution 10 times (volume ratios).
The preparation of EM bacterium of the present invention fermentation liquid calcium chloride includes：Calcium chloride 100g, EM bacterium 200ml, molasses 100g are taken,
Add water to be settled to 1000ml, and aerobe fermentation 1 month to get.
Organic cultivation method of the present invention, step (1) seed soaking include：Tomato seeds are soaked in 55 DEG C of warm water
Bubble 10-15min is simultaneously stirred continuously, and when water temperature drop is to 30 DEG C or so, tomato seeds is moved on in EM bacterium dilutions and continue to soak
Steep 6-8h.Wherein, by volume percentage, a concentration of 10-50% of the EM bacterium dilution, preferably 10-40%, most preferably
It is 30%.
Step (1) described vernalization includes：Tomato seeds after immersion are cleaned, are bound up with gauze with ventilative, it is (permanent at 28 DEG C
Culture in incubator), carry out vernalization under the conditions of daily illumination 16h；0.2cm is broken in the seed coat as rudiment mark, when 70% so that radicle is prominent
When seed is sprouted, you can sowing.
Step (1) sowing, nursery include：The seed of germination is planted in turf：Vermiculite=2：The battalion of 1 (volume ratio)
It supports in alms bowl, earthing, carries out Fluctuation temperature culture, day temperature is 25 ± 5 DEG C, illumination 16h, and nocturnal temperature is 18 ± 2 DEG C, time 8h；
When the 4th true leaf expansion of tomato seedling, you can transplanted.
Before tomato seedling is colonized in one week of crop field by step (2), apply EM bacteria organic fertilizers to plot to be colonized；
Preferably, the dose of the EM bacteria organic fertilizers is 200-380kg/ mus, preferably 330kg/ mus.The EM bacterium biology has
The method of administration of machine fertilizer is：EM bacteria organic fertilizers are spread to cell to wait on the ground surface in kind of plot, then plough deeply loosening the soil,
So that clay fertilizer is uniformly mixed, be sure not that fertilizer is made to stay in ground surface, then flatten plot, plants tomato.
Step (2) further includes：Bear fruit the phase when tomato the first fringe fruit enters, carries out top dressing, impose EM bacteria organic fertilizers, chase after
Fertilizer amount is 120kg/ mus, and is irrigated in time.
The preparation of EM bacteria organic fertilizers of the present invention includes：By mass percentage, by 60% rice chaff, 30%
Soya-bean cake, 4% fish meal, 1% brown sugar and 5% EM bacterium be uniformly mixed, humid control is in 35%-65%, under normal temperature condition
Seal anaerobic fermentation, fermentation period be 12-15 days to get.
EM bacterium of the present invention, main bacteria seed are saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic bacteria etc., are purchased from the Harbin Weicons Ai Nuo section
Skill Development Co., Ltd.The present invention is not particularly limited the EM bacterium, and commercially available EM bacterium are suitable for the present invention.
The spacing in the rows of step (2) described field planting is 0.5m, row spacing 1m.Step (2) described field management includes：Tomato gives birth to entirely
Educate phase covering maize straw or straw；Preferably, it maize straw or straw is chopped into 3cm is spread between tomato strain and do covering；
It is further preferred that the dosage of the maize straw or straw is 6000kghm2.The field management further includes：Work as tomato
Built is carried out when growing to 30cm；Preferably, the built uses A-frame method；After built, tied up with straw or plastic cord
Climing restocking, draws climing growth；Artificial pruning is carried out to tomato, is pruned using single-trunk, destroys side shoot in time, extracts lower part old leaf, Huang
Leaf after stopping the 4th fruit ear, erases terminal bud, timing irrigation.
Present invention improving straw mulching within the tomato time of infertility, it is suppressed that the breeding of autochthonal pathogen can not only adjust soil
Earth temperature improves soil to the ability of holding of moisture, and reduces Evaporation among plants, what is more important improving straw mulching by ground temperature,
The regulation and control of soil moisture regulate and control crop growth process and yield composition.EM bacterium biologies are applied under the stalk of covering to be had
Machine fertilizer, can decompose the thick miscellaneous organic matter in soil, improve soil nutrient availability, improve soil, prevent disease, raising kind
Eggplant yield improves Tomato Quality.
Amount of application optimum results of the present invention to EM bacteria organic fertilizers as base manure show dose in 200-380kg/
The single fruit weight and yield of tomato can be improved in mu range；Wherein, organic manure application rate be 330kg/ mu processing with compared with
High yield, compared with the processing that do not apply fertilizer, tomato yield improves 33.7% (P<0.05)；Continue the application of raising organic fertilizer
Amount, tomato yield are not significantly increased.In view of cost, present invention determine that 330kg/ mus are best organic manure application rate.
The present invention shows with a concentration of 10-50% (volumes the optimum results of EM bacterium dilution presoaking and germinating germination tests
Percentage) EM bacterium dilutions impregnate, the germination percentage, germinating energy and germination index of tomato seeds can be significantly improved；Wherein, it adopts
Best with a concentration of 30% EM bacterium dilution effect of soaking seed, the germination percentages of tomato seeds, germinating energy and germination index are notable
Higher than other processing (P<0.05).
The present invention to EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride improve tamato fruit sugariness optimum experimental the result shows that, using 5L/ mus
EM bacterium, which are fermented after liquid calcium chloride dilutes, carries out tomato pouring root, the sugar content in tamato fruit can be effectively improved, with blank pair
The increase rate of photograph ratio, soluble sugar is 69.4%, and reduced sugar increase rate is 32.2%, and the increase rate of fructose is 51.2%, Portugal
The increase rate of grape sugar is 48.4%, and the increase rate of sucrose is 44.1% (P<0.05).And using 6L/ mus of EM bacterium fermentation calcium chloride
Liquid irrigating root compares with 5L/ mus, and the sugar content difference of tamato fruit is not notable.In order to reduce production cost, present invention determine that using
5L/ mus of EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride carries out tomato pouring root.
Using organic cultivation method of the present invention, the quality and yield of tomato can be effectively improved, reduce chemical fertilizer and
The use of pesticide, and there is improving effect to the physicochemical property of soil, it can effectively improve nitrogen in soil, phosphorus and potassium
Content.
Technical solution of the present invention compared with prior art, has the advantages that：
The organic cultivation method of tomato of the present invention can effectively improve tomato yield, improve Tomato Quality, especially
It is the sugar content for improving tomato.Meanwhile also greatly improving soil using the cultivation mode of EM bacteria organic fertilizers and improving straw mulching
Earth fertility, improves soil, reduces the generation of pest and disease damage and the growth of weeds, and the sustainable use for agricultural is provided with development
Technical support and guarantee.The organic farming pattern of tomato of the present invention, raw material sources are abundant, at low cost, effect is good, are conducive to big face
Product is promoted；The tomato high yield planted, quality are good, disease-resistant strong；And total ban uses artificial synthesized in entire production process
Pesticide, hormone and growth regulator etc., purified air, protected environment.
Specific implementation mode
The invention will now be further described with reference to specific embodiments, the advantages and features of the present invention will be with description and
It is apparent.It should be understood that described, examples are merely exemplary, does not constitute any restrictions to the scope of the present invention.This field
Technical staff should be understood that without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention can to the details of technical solution of the present invention and
Form is modified or is replaced, but these modifications or substitutions each fall within protection scope of the present invention.
1, raw material
EM bacterium, are purchased from the Harbin Weicons Ai Nuo development in science and technology Co., Ltd, and main bacteria seed is saccharomycete, lactic acid bacteria, photosynthetic
Bacterium etc..
Embodiment 1 improves the organic cultivation method of tomato pol
(1) making of the wave cassie biological organic fertilizer of EM fermentations：In mass ratio, 60% rice chaff is weighed, 30% soya-bean cake,
The additive amount of 4% fish meal, 1% brown sugar, EM bacterium is 5%, above-mentioned raw materials is uniformly mixed, humid control is in 35%-65%
Between, under normal temperature condition, the raw material after mixing is sealed into anaerobic fermentation, fermentation period is about 12-15 days.
(2) site preparation：Apply the EM biological organic fertilizers that step (1) ferments to plot to be sowed before being colonized one week, applies
Fertilizer amount is 330kg/ mus, and kind of plot is treated after fertilising and plough deeply loosening the soil, and so that clay fertilizer is uniformly mixed, is sure not that fertilizer is made to stay in earth's surface
Face then flattens plot.
(3) seed soaking of EM bacterium dilution and vernalization：Tomato seeds are impregnated into 10~15min in 55 DEG C of warm water, and are constantly stirred
It mixes when water temperature drop is to 30 DEG C or so, the EM bacterium dilutions that tomato seeds are moved on to a concentration of 30% (percent by volume) relay
It is continuous to impregnate 6~8h, it pulls out to clean and uses that breathes freely to bind up with gauze again, (28 DEG C) are cultivated in insulating box, and illumination 16h is urged daily
Bud breaks in the seed coat 0.2cm as rudiment mark so that radicle is prominent, can be sowed when 70% seed is sprouted.
(4) nursery：Select the consistent seed of germinateing be planted in respectively nutritive cube (turf: vermiculite=2: 1) in (volume ratio),
Nutritive cube is positioned in Intelligent culture cabinet, Fluctuation temperature culture by earthing, and day temperature is 25 ± 5 DEG C of illumination 16h, and nocturnal temperature is
18 ± 2 DEG C of time 8h.It is transplanted when the 4th true leaf expansion of seedling.The standard of the of the right age high-quality strong sprout of tomato is：Stem is thicker,
Internode is short, and leaf is big and thick, and color is dark green, well developed root system, and lateral root is more, no disease and pests harm.
(5) tomato seedling is colonized in big Tanaka and irrigated in time, spacing in the rows 0.5m, row spacing 1m.Tomato time of infertility corn
Improving straw mulching.Straw chopping is spread between strain at 3cm or so and does covering, and stalk amount is about 6000kghm2.Straw in the time of infertility
Stalk covering can not only adjust the soil moisture, improve hold ability of the soil to soil moisture, reduce Evaporation among plants, even more important
Be that improving straw mulching regulates and controls crop growth process and yield composition by the regulation and control to ground temperature, soil moisture.When
Tomato uses A-frame method built immediately when growing to 30 centimeters or so.After built, carry out tying up climing restocking with straw or plastic cord,
Draws climing is grown.Tomato side shoot is more, grows densely, and covers the moon mutually, need to carry out artificial pruning.It is pruned using single-trunk, is destroyed in time
Side shoot extracts lower part old leaf, yellow leaf, after stopping the 4th fruit ear, erases terminal bud, timing irrigation.
(6) calcium chloride method of EM bacterium fermentation：Calcium chloride 100g is taken, adds EM bacterium 200ml, sugaring honey 100g that water is added to be made
1000ml, and aerobe fermentation can be used for 1 month.
(7) bear fruit the phase when the first fringe fruit enters, using the wave cassie biological organic for rationally imposing step (1) preparation, top dressing
Amount is 120kg/ mu and irrigates in time.Per acre using pouring root after the fermentation liquid calcium chloride dilution of 5L EM bacterium, fruit enters expanding stage
When, foliage spray is carried out using 10 times of EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride of dilution, 20% or more tomato pol can be improved.
By applying the above organic farming pattern, the yield and quality of tomato, especially tamato fruit sugar are effectively increased
Point content's index is significantly increased.
Embodiment 2 improves the optimization of the organic cultivation method of tomato pol
1, test material and method
1.1 vegetable material
Test plant kind is organic farming kind " wonderful red " tomato variety that Japan introduces in the present invention.
1.2 biological organic fertilizer
Fertilizer used in the present invention is the homemade wave cassie obtained using the fermentation of EM bacteria preparations, and primary raw material is
Raw material after mixing is sealed anaerobic fermentation, fermentation week by EM bacterium, rice bran, dregs of beans, fish meal, brown sugar etc., the mixing under normal temperature condition
Phase is about 12-15 days (making of wave cassie biological organic fertilizer is with embodiment 1).
Wave cassie biological organic fertilizer Major Nutrient index is shown in (table 1) measured result.
1 wave cassie biological organic fertilizer physical and chemical index of table
1.3 kinds of plant Quarter Designs
Plot experiment place is planted in Mudanjiang Suiyang experimental plot, cell topography is flat, and fertility is uniform, according to different disposal
Cell is set, 3 repetitions are each handled, is arranged using the random district's groups of cell, each plot area is 50m2。
1.4 test method
1.4.1 organic fertilizer base manure amount of application optimizes
EM bacteria organic fertilizers (wave cassie) are first applied in a manner of base manure in this cultural method.Specifically method is：
Contemporaneity plants different zones, sets up 6 kinds of processing, and processing 1 is the plot for not applying EM bacteria organic fertilizers, other
Processing is applies the plot of EM bacteria organic fertilizers, and 2 doses of processing are 200kg/ mus, 3 doses of processing are 280kg/ mus, place
Manage that 4 doses are 330kg/ mus, 5 doses of processing are 350kg/ mu, handle 6 doses is 380kg/ mus.Method of administration is：It will
The cell that organic fertilizer is spread to waits on the ground surface in kind of plot, then plough deeply loosening the soil, and clay fertilizer is made to be uniformly mixed, be sure not to make fertilizer stay in
Ground surface then flattens plot, plants tomato, investigates the yield of tomato, determine best organic fertilizer base manure amount of application.
1.4.2 EM bacterium dilution presoaking and germinating germination test
Seeding and seedling raising is carried out to tomato seeds.In hole plate seedling growth on April 15.Using the seed soaking of EM bacterium dilutions and vernalization：It will
Tomato seeds impregnate 10~15min in 55 DEG C of warm water, and are stirred continuously when water temperature drop is to 30 DEG C or so, by tomato seeds
It moves on in the EM bacterium dilutions of a concentration of 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50% (percent by volume) and continues 6~8h of immersion, drag for
Go out to clean and be bound up with gauze again with what is breathed freely, (28 DEG C) illumination daily 16h is cultivated in insulating box and carries out vernalization, kind is broken through with radicle
Skin 0.2cm is rudiment mark, can be sowed when 70% seed is sprouted.Count germination percentage, the hair in each tomato variety 8d
Bud gesture and germination index.
1.4.3 nursery and field management
It selects the consistent seed that germinates and is planted in nutritive cube (turf: vermiculite=2: in 1), earthing puts nutritive cube respectively
It is placed in Intelligent culture cabinet, Fluctuation temperature culture, day temperature is 25 ± 5 DEG C of illumination 16h, and nocturnal temperature is 18 ± 2 DEG C of time 8h.It waits for
It is transplanted when the 4th true leaf expansion of seedling.The standard of the of the right age high-quality strong sprout of tomato is：Stem is thicker, and internode is short, and leaf is big and thick,
Color is dark green, and well developed root system, lateral root is more, no disease and pests harm.Tomato seedling is colonized in big Tanaka and is irrigated in time, spacing in the rows 0.5m,
Row spacing 1m.Tomato time of infertility maize straw residue mulching.Straw chopping is spread between strain at 3cm or so and does covering, and stalk amount is about
6000kg·hm2.Improving straw mulching can not only adjust the soil moisture in the time of infertility, improve soil and hold energy to soil moisture
Power, reduce Evaporation among plants, what is more important improving straw mulching by the regulation and control to ground temperature, soil moisture to crop growth into
Journey and yield composition are regulated and controled.A-frame method built immediately is used when tomato grows to 30 centimeters or so.After built, rice is used
Grass or plastic cord carry out tying up climing restocking, draws climing growth.Tomato side shoot is more, grows densely, and covers the moon mutually, need to carry out artificial whole
Branch.It is pruned using single-trunk, destroys side shoot in time, extract lower part old leaf, yellow leaf, after stopping the 4th fruit ear, erase terminal bud, timing fills
It irrigates.
1.4.4 the calcium chloride of EM bacterium fermentation improves the experiment of tamato fruit sugariness
The calcium chloride to be fermented using EM bacterium, takes calcium chloride 100g to add EM bacterium 200ml, sugaring honey 100g that water is added to be made
1000ml, and aerobe fermentation can be used for 1 month.Bear fruit the phase when the first fringe fruit enters, using reasonable top dressing, imposes preparation of the present invention
Wave cassie biological organic, topdressing amount is 120kg/ mus and to irrigate in time.Per acre using the EM bacterium of 1L, 2L, 3L, 4L, 5L, 6L
When fruit enters expanding stage, leaf is carried out using the calcium chloride of 10 times of EM bacterium fermentation of dilution for pouring root after the liquid calcium chloride that ferments dilutes
It sprays in face；Sugar content is measured in the Fruit Ripening of Tomato phase, assay method is：In the Fruit Ripening of Tomato phase, the small of each processing is harvested
The consistent fruit 4 of area's maturity, then each fruit respectively take a quarter chopping mixing stir evenly measurement quality.Soluble sugar
It measures and uses anthrone method；The measurement of reduced sugar uses 3,5- dinitrosalicylic Acid Colorimetries；Glucose sugar, fructose and cane sugar content
It measures and uses high performance liquid chromatography.Detailed process is with reference to Madore (1990), Qi (2003) He Ningxiu beautiful etc. extracting method.
1.4.5 influence of the organic farming pattern to Organic tomato variety and quality and yield
In the Fruit Ripening of Tomato phase, the consistent fruit 4 of the cell maturity of each processing is harvested, then each fruit respectively takes
A quarter chopping mixing stirs evenly measurement quality.The measurement of soluble protein uses Coomassie brilliant blue colorimetric method；Free amino acid
Measurement use ninhydrin colorimetry；Ascorbic measurement 2,6- dichloropheno-lindophenol titrations；The measurement of nitrate uses water
Poplar acid-Sulphuric acid colorimetry；The measurement of organic acid uses acid-base titration.The yield of tomato is measured in fructescence.
1.4.6 the influence of organic farming pattern to tomato planting soil sample physicochemical property
Before tomato planting in 2015 snakelike 5 are used with the cell in each processing behind 2016 and tomato harvest in 2017
Point method is to soil sample.The soil 1kg packs for taking 0-20cm, are packed into sterile bag by fresh soil sample, indicate sampling time and processing
Soil sample air-dry is air-dried and removes impurity removing, radicula by title, was mixed well preservation after pulverizing 1mm sieves, and was used for soil physical chemistry
The measurement of matter.
Total soil nitrogen is measured using Micro-kjoldahl method；Total Phosphorus In Soil uses HClO4-H2SO4It measures；Full potassium uses
NaOH meltings-flame spectrophotometer measuring；Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen is measured using alkaline hydrolysis diffusion method；Rapid available phosphorus uses NaHCO3Extraction-molybdenum antimony
Anti- colorimetric method for determining；Available potassium is measured using ammonium acetate extraction-flare photometer；The soil organism uses dichromic acid
Potassium capacity method measures (dilution and diffusion) and measures；Soil pH value measures selection 1：It is measured with pH meter after 2.5 soil ratio.
2, test result
2.1 organic fertilizer base manure amounts of application optimize
Table 2 is influence of the different organic fertilizer base manure amounts of application to tomato yield, using different it can be seen from test result
The organic fertilizer of amount of application can effectively improve the single fruit weight and yield of tomato as base manure；Wherein handle 4, i.e. organic fertilizer
The processing that amount of application is 330kg/ mus has higher yield, is compared with the processing that do not apply fertilizer, tomato yield improves
33.7% (P<0.05)；Although processing 5, the tomato yield slightly above processing 4 for handling 6, do not reach the level of signifiance.Consider
To cost, determine that processing 4 is best organic manure application rate.
Influence of the 2 organic fertilizer base manure amount of application of table to Organic tomato yield
Note：Same column marks different lowercase letter indication differences significantly (P<0.05).
2.2 EM bacterium dilution presoaking and germinating germination test results
Vernalization processing is carried out using EM bacterium dilutions it can be seen from result (table 3), tomato seeds can be significantly improved
Germination percentage, germinating energy and germination index；Wherein use a concentration of 30% EM bacterium dilution effects best, the germination of tomato seeds
Rate, germinating energy and germination index are all remarkably higher than other processing (P<0.05), germination percentage improves 14.7% than blank control.
3 EM bacterium dilution presoaking and germinating germination tests of table
Note：Same column marks different lowercase letter indication differences significantly (P<0.05).
The calcium chloride of 2.3 EM bacterium fermentation improves the experiment of tamato fruit sugariness
Tomato pouring root is carried out using 5L/ mus of EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride it can be seen from result (table 4), it can be effective
The sugar content improved in tamato fruit, compared with blank control, the increase rate of soluble sugar is 69.4%, and reduced sugar improves
Rate is 32.2%, and the increase rate of fructose is 51.2%, and the increase rate of glucose is 48.4%, and the increase rate of sucrose is 44.1% (P
<0.05).Compared with 5L/ mus using 6L/ mus of EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root, difference is not notable.It is produced into reduce
This, determines that 5L/ mus of EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride carries out tomato pouring root.
The calcium chloride of 4 EM bacterium of table fermentation improves tamato fruit sugariness experimental result
Note：Same column marks different lowercase letter indication differences significantly (P<0.05).
Influence of the 2.4 organic farming patterns to Organic tomato variety yield and quality
It can be seen from test result (table 5, table 6) using organic farming pattern can effectively improve tomato quality and
Yield, the output increased 33.9% or more compared with blank control.Wherein, using organic farming cooperation EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride
The method of pouring root can effectively improve the quality and yield of tomato, significantly improve the Vitamin C content of tomato, and reduce nitric acid
Salt content (P<0.05).
Influence of the 5 organic farming pattern of table to Organic tomato quality
Note：Same column marks different lowercase letter indication differences significantly (P<0.05)；Wherein, the organic farming pattern is real
Organic cultivation method described in example 1 is applied, difference is without using EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root；The pouring roots of EM bacterium described in table refer to EM bacterium
Fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root.
Influence of the 6 organic farming pattern of table to Organic tomato yield
Note：Same column marks different lowercase letter indication differences significantly (P<0.05)；Wherein, the organic farming pattern is real
Organic cultivation method described in example 1 is applied, difference is without using EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root；The pouring roots of EM bacterium described in table refer to EM bacterium
Fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root.
Influence of the 2.5 organic farming patterns to the physicochemical property of soil
Had to the physicochemical property of soil using the method for organic farming it can be seen from test result (table 7, table 8) and is changed
Good effect can effectively improve the content of nitrogen in soil, phosphorus and potassium；The liquid calcium chloride pouring root fermented using EM bacterium is right
Soil physico-chemical property does not have much affect.
Influence of the 7 organic farming pattern of table to the physicochemical property of soil
Note：Same column marks different lowercase letter indication differences significantly (P<0.05)；Wherein, the organic farming pattern is real
Organic cultivation method described in example 1 is applied, difference is without using EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root；The pouring roots of EM bacterium described in table refer to EM bacterium
Fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root.
Influence of the 8 organic farming pattern of table to the physicochemical property of soil
Note：Same column marks different lowercase letter indication differences significantly (P<0.05)；Wherein, the organic farming pattern is real
Organic cultivation method described in example 1 is applied, difference is without using EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root；The pouring roots of EM bacterium described in table refer to EM bacterium
Fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of organic cultivation method improving tomato pol, which is characterized in that include the following steps：(1) by tomato seeds into
Row seed soaking, vernalization are sowed, nursery after seed sprouting；(2) tomato seedling is colonized in crop field, carries out field management, when
Tomato the first fringe fruit, which enters, to bear fruit the phase, uses EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride pouring root；(3) wait for Fruit Ripening of Tomato, harvesting to get.
2. organic cultivation method described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (2) the EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride
Dosage be 1-6L/ mus, preferably 2-6L/ mus, most preferably 5L/ mus.
3. organic cultivation method described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) further includes：When tamato fruit enters
Expanding stage carries out foliage spray using diluted EM bacterium fermentation liquid calcium chloride；Preferably, described to be diluted to 10 times of dilution.
4. according to the organic cultivation method described in claims 1 to 3 any one, which is characterized in that the EM bacterium fermentation chlorination
The preparation of calcium liquid includes：Calcium chloride 100g, EM bacterium 200ml, molasses 100g are taken, water is added to be settled to 1000ml, and aerobe fermentation 1
Month to get.
5. organic cultivation method described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that step (1) it is described seed soaking include：By tomato species
Son impregnates 10-15min in 55 DEG C of warm water, when water temperature drop is to 30 DEG C, tomato seeds is moved on in EM bacterium dilutions and are continued
Impregnate 6-8h；
Wherein, by volume percentage, a concentration of 10-50% of the EM bacterium dilution, preferably 10-40%, most preferably
30%；
Step (1) described vernalization includes：Tomato seeds after immersion are cleaned, are bound up with gauze, in 28 DEG C, daily illumination 16h
Under the conditions of carry out vernalization.
6. organic cultivation method described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：Tomato seedling is colonized in crop field by step (2)
One week before, apply EM bacteria organic fertilizers to plot to be colonized；
Preferably, the dose of the EM bacteria organic fertilizers is 200-380kg/ mus, preferably 330kg/ mus；
Step (2) is beared fruit the phase when tomato the first fringe fruit enters, and is carried out top dressing, is imposed EM bacteria organic fertilizers, topdressing amount is
120kg/ mus.
7. organic cultivation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the preparation packet of the EM bacteria organic fertilizers
It includes：By mass percentage, 60% rice chaff, 30% soya-bean cake, 4% fish meal, 1% brown sugar and 5% EM bacterium are mixed
Uniformly, humid control is in 35%-65%, seals anaerobic fermentation at normal temperatures, fermentation period be 12-15 days to get.
8. organic cultivation method described in accordance with the claim 1, which is characterized in that step (2) described field management includes：Tomato
The time of infertility covers maize straw or straw；Preferably, it maize straw or straw is chopped into 3cm is spread between tomato strain and cover
Object；
It is further preferred that the dosage of the maize straw or straw is 6000kghm2；
The field management further includes：Built is carried out when tomato grows to 30cm；Preferably, the built uses A-frame side
Method；Artificial pruning is carried out to tomato, is pruned using single-trunk, is destroyed side shoot in time, after stopping the 4th fruit ear, erase terminal bud, timing
It irrigates.
9. organic cultivation method described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：The spacing in the rows of step (2) described field planting is 0.5m,
Row spacing is 1m.
10. organic cultivation method described in accordance with the claim 1, it is characterised in that：Step (1) sowing, nursery include：It will
The seed of germination is planted in turf：Vermiculite=2：In 1 nutritive cube, earthing, carry out Fluctuation temperature culture, day temperature be 25 ± 5 DEG C,
Illumination 16h, nocturnal temperature are 18 ± 2 DEG C, time 8h；When the 4th true leaf expansion of tomato seedling, you can transplanted.
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| CN109452327A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-03-12 | 贵州省核桃研究所 | A kind of soil sterilants and its control method for preventing and treating early blight of tomato |
| CN109526628A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 云南祥云圣龙农业庄园有限公司 | A kind of high-yield planting method of tomato |
| CN110268834A (en) * | 2019-08-06 | 2019-09-24 | 张瀚文 | A kind of green planting method of high pol tomato |
| CN111480528A (en) * | 2020-04-26 | 2020-08-04 | 江苏德得健康产业有限公司 | High-efficiency high-yield planting method for selenium-rich small tomatoes |
| CN111699932A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-25 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Green ecological planting method for cherry tomatoes |
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| NL2025808B1 (en) * | 2020-01-13 | 2021-09-07 | Shanghai Huawei Water Saving Irrigation Corp Ltd | Expert decision system-based water, fertilizer and environment management method for tomatoes |
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| CN111699932A (en) * | 2020-07-07 | 2020-09-25 | 广西壮族自治区中国科学院广西植物研究所 | Green ecological planting method for cherry tomatoes |
| CN112159288A (en) * | 2020-08-31 | 2021-01-01 | 东北农业大学 | Biologically fermented feed-grade organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN112400580A (en) * | 2020-11-18 | 2021-02-26 | 含山县有水珍禽养殖有限公司 | Method for improving blueberry seedling cultivation quality |
| CN113575317A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-11-02 | 山东师范大学 | Method for improving quality and yield of greenhouse cucumber fruits |
| CN117158266A (en) * | 2023-10-27 | 2023-12-05 | 山东永盛农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method for improving sugar content of tomatoes |
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