CN107371454A - A kind of cultural method of tomato - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of cultural method of tomato, including herein below：Seed selection, seed soaking, selection of land, site preparation, sowing, field management, the prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control and harvesting；The cultural method of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, by reasonably soaking seed, site preparation and field management, add the feeder capability of soil, it ensure that the various nutritional ingredients that tomato blossomed and beared fruit needed for the phase, not only increase the yield of tomato, and good taste and quality are maintained, the pest and disease damage incidence in whole growth period is low, improves the economy and environmental benefit of growing tomatoes.

Description

A kind of cultural method of tomato

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of implantation methods of vegetables, and in particular to a kind of cultural method of tomato.

Background technology

Tomato nutritive value is high, containing multivitamin, is all higher by 2-4 times than apple, pears, banana, grape etc., mainly Containing vitamin B1, vitamin B2, phosphorus and nicotinic acid, choline, malic acid, citric acid, carbohydrate, protein, calcium, iron and glutathione, Tomatidine etc., there is weight-reducing, dispelling fatigue, improve a poor appetite, improve the work(such as digestion to protein, reduction gasteremphraxis dyspepsia Effect；The yield and quality of tomato and the characteristic of seed, the way to manage in each stage etc. are closely related, and most planting households are to fruit The lifting of real yield and quality, which is only placed hope on, largely applies chemical fertilizer to obtain high yield；And largely may be in a short time using chemical fertilizer The effect for significantly improving yield is served, but the time is slightly long, that is, easily causes nutrient imbalance in soil, soil hardening, influence The breathing of tomato plant root system, so as to be impacted to tomato production.If things go on like this, the chemical fertilizer of application is more and more, production Not only amount does not improve, tomato resistance against diseases is caused to decline on the contrary, and indirect belt carrys out a large amount of administrations of agricultural chemicals, not only have impact on The yield and quality of tomato, and have impact on healthy diet.

The content of the invention

In order to alleviate shortcomings and deficiencies of the prior art, the yield and quality of tomato are improved, it is an object of the invention to A kind of cultural method of tomato is provided.

To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：

The cultural method of tomato, including herein below：

（1）Seed selection, seed soaking：Choose seeds high-quality tamato seed, first seed is soaked in 10%-15% sodium citrate aqueous solutions 15-20s, taking-up are rinsed well with clear water, are then placed in immersion 10-15min in 35-40 DEG C of hot water and are pulled out, are finally putting into 30- 20-24h is placed under 35 DEG C of isoperibols, then is placed under moisture content 45%-50% gauze；

(2) selection of land, site preparation：Selection fertile soil, convenient, sun-drenched sandy loam earth of pouring water, plough deeply soil 10-12cm, apply Enter base manure, described base manure is that mu applies Chicken dung 150-180kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 100-120kg, amargosa powder 55-60kg, phellodendron powder 60-70kg, ground phosphate rock 80-100kg, potassium fulvate 60-80kg, zinc sulfate 35-40kg, calcium chloride 50-60kg, organic selenium fertilizer 10-15kg, EM bacteria agent 15-20kg, potassium carbonate 30-40kg, calcium superphosphate 50-60kg, calcium bicarbonate 60-70kg, bedding, wide 3.5-4.5 rice；

(3) sow：Sunny morning is selected to be sowed, the enough bottom water of sprinkling before sowing, then by step（1）After pretreatment Tamato seed be seeded on coating, sowing terminates the closing of rear greenhouse, ventilation 3-5 hours on daytime, one is irrigated per 3-4 days It is secondary, soil moisture content 40%-50% is controlled, until seedling grows；

（4）Field management：Weeds in field is removed in time, and built is carried out when tomato plants length is to 40-50cm, is carried out after built Climing restocking, draws climing growth are tied up, climing length to 10-12 climing crop, retains 4-4.5m to staying fruit 1-2 at blade；Stretching climing phase, swollen Fruiting period applies top dressing once respectively, and described top dressing is every plant and applies urea 1-2 jin, rotten vegetable leaf 0.5-1.0 jin, plant ash 1- 1.5 jin, corn stalk pelletses 0.2-0.4 jin, human and animal excreta 1-1.5 jin, zinc sulfate 0.3-0.5 jin, organic trace element 0.5- 1.0 jin, calcium citrate 0.2-0.4 jin, humic acid fertilizer 1-1.2 jin, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 0.4-0.6 jin, Paris white 0.8-1.0 jin；

（5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Major Diseases have early blight, late blight, gray mold, leaf mold, virosis etc. on tomato, mainly Insect pest has trialeurodes vaporariorum, aphid etc.；Early blight of tomato can use the clear 400 times of liquid of wettable powder of 75% white bacterium or 64% Sandofan wettable The biological pesticide such as 400 times of liquid of pulvis or jinggangmeisu is prevented and treated；Tomato late blight 400-500 times of liquid of 64% Sandofan, 40% first frost 700-800 times of liquid of copper, 40% aliette, 200 times of liquid, 1：1：150-200 Bordeaux mixture, the clear 200 times of liquid of 50% white bacterium or 64% antivirus The biological pesticide such as 400 times of liquid of alum wettable powder or pesticide corrosion 120 is prevented and treated；Gray mold, leaf mold, 70% methyl sulfur bacterium of virosis Clever 800-1000 times of liquid preventing and treating；Insect pest from 30% it is tactile fall missible oil, 15% 1000-1500 times of liquid of AVM hereinafter poison missible oil fine day afternoon After when 4 or the cloudy day sprays, and is sprayed again once every 5 days；

(6) harvest：It can be plucked after tomato reddens.

Beneficial effects of the present invention：

The cultural method of the present invention is scientific and reasonable, by reasonably soaking seed, site preparation and field management, adds the fertilizer energy of soil Power, the various nutritional ingredients that tomato blossomed and beared fruit needed for the phase are ensure that, not only increase the yield of tomato, and maintain Good taste and quality, the pest and disease damage incidence in whole growth period is low, improves the economy and environmental benefit of growing tomatoes.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1：The cultural method of tomato, including herein below：

（1）Seed selection, seed soaking：Choose seeds high-quality tamato seed, seed is first soaked in 15s in 12% sodium citrate aqueous solution, taken Go out and rinsed well with clear water, be then placed in immersion 15min in 35 DEG C of hot water and pull out, be finally putting under 30 DEG C of isoperibols and place 22h, then be placed under the gauze of moisture content 45%；

(2) selection of land, site preparation：Selection fertile soil, convenient, sun-drenched sandy loam earth of pouring water, plough deeply soil 10cm, apply base Fertilizer, described base manure are that mu applies Chicken dung 165kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 110kg, amargosa powder 58kg, phellodendron powder 65kg, ground phosphate rock 90kg, potassium fulvate 70kg, zinc sulfate 38kg, calcium chloride 55kg, organic selenium fertilizer 12kg, EM bacteria agent 18kg, carbon Sour potassium 35kg, calcium superphosphate 55kg, calcium bicarbonate 65kg, bedding are wide 4 meters；

(3) sow：Sunny morning is selected to be sowed, the enough bottom water of sprinkling before sowing, then by step（1）After pretreatment Tamato seed be seeded on coating, sowing terminates the closing of rear greenhouse, ventilation 3-5 hours on daytime, one is irrigated per 3-4 days It is secondary, soil moisture content 45% is controlled, until seedling grows；

（4）Field management：Weeds in field is removed in time, and built is carried out when tomato plants length is to 45cm, is tied up after built Climing restocking, draws climing growth, climing length to 10-12 climing crop, retain 4-4.5m to staying fruit 1-2 at blade；Stretching climing phase, swollen fruit Phase applies top dressing once respectively, and described top dressing is every plant and applies 1.5 jin of urea, 0.8 jin of rotten vegetable leaf, 1.2 jin of plant ash, corn 0.3 jin of stalk particle, 1.2 jin of human and animal excreta, 0.4 jin of zinc sulfate, 0.8 jin of organic trace element, 0.3 jin of calcium citrate, rotten plant Sour 1.1 jin of fertilizer, 0.5 jin of Diammonium phosphate (DAP), 0.8 jin of Paris white；

（5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Major Diseases have early blight, late blight, gray mold, leaf mold, virosis etc. on tomato, mainly Insect pest has trialeurodes vaporariorum, aphid etc.；Early blight of tomato can use the clear 400 times of liquid of wettable powder of 75% white bacterium or 64% Sandofan wettable The biological pesticide such as 400 times of liquid of pulvis or jinggangmeisu is prevented and treated；Tomato late blight 400-500 times of liquid of 64% Sandofan, 40% first frost 700-800 times of liquid of copper, 40% aliette, 200 times of liquid, 1：1：150-200 Bordeaux mixture, the clear 200 times of liquid of 50% white bacterium or 64% antivirus The biological pesticide such as 400 times of liquid of alum wettable powder or pesticide corrosion 120 is prevented and treated；Gray mold, leaf mold, 70% methyl sulfur bacterium of virosis Clever 800-1000 times of liquid preventing and treating；Insect pest from 30% it is tactile fall missible oil, 15% 1000-1500 times of liquid of AVM hereinafter poison missible oil fine day afternoon After when 4 or the cloudy day sprays, and is sprayed again once every 5 days；

(6) harvest：It can be plucked after tomato reddens.

Claims (1)

1. a kind of cultural method of tomato, it is characterised in that including herein below：

（1）Seed selection, seed soaking：Choose seeds high-quality tamato seed, first seed is soaked in 10%-15% sodium citrate aqueous solutions 15-20s, taking-up are rinsed well with clear water, are then placed in immersion 10-15min in 35-40 DEG C of hot water and are pulled out, are finally putting into 30- 20-24h is placed under 35 DEG C of isoperibols, then is placed under moisture content 45%-50% gauze；

(2) selection of land, site preparation：Selection fertile soil, convenient, sun-drenched sandy loam earth of pouring water, plough deeply soil 10-12cm, apply Enter base manure, described base manure is that mu applies Chicken dung 150-180kg, nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer 100-120kg, amargosa powder 55-60kg, phellodendron powder 60-70kg, ground phosphate rock 80-100kg, potassium fulvate 60-80kg, zinc sulfate 35-40kg, calcium chloride 50-60kg, organic selenium fertilizer 10-15kg, EM bacteria agent 15-20kg, potassium carbonate 30-40kg, calcium superphosphate 50-60kg, calcium bicarbonate 60-70kg, bedding, wide 3.5-4.5 rice；

(3) sow：Sunny morning is selected to be sowed, the enough bottom water of sprinkling before sowing, then by step（1）After pretreatment Tamato seed be seeded on coating, sowing terminates the closing of rear greenhouse, ventilation 3-5 hours on daytime, one is irrigated per 3-4 days It is secondary, soil moisture content 40%-50% is controlled, until seedling grows；

（4）Field management：Weeds in field is removed in time, and built is carried out when tomato plants length is to 40-50cm, is carried out after built Climing restocking, draws climing growth are tied up, climing length to 10-12 climing crop, retains 4-4.5m to staying fruit 1-2 at blade；Stretching climing phase, swollen Fruiting period applies top dressing once respectively, and described top dressing is every plant and applies urea 1-2 jin, rotten vegetable leaf 0.5-1.0 jin, plant ash 1- 1.5 jin, corn stalk pelletses 0.2-0.4 jin, human and animal excreta 1-1.5 jin, zinc sulfate 0.3-0.5 jin, organic trace element 0.5- 1.0 jin, calcium citrate 0.2-0.4 jin, humic acid fertilizer 1-1.2 jin, Diammonium phosphate (DAP) 0.4-0.6 jin, Paris white 0.8-1.0 jin；

（5）The prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control：Major Diseases have early blight, late blight, gray mold, leaf mold, virosis etc. on tomato, mainly Insect pest has trialeurodes vaporariorum, aphid etc.；Early blight of tomato can use the clear 400 times of liquid of wettable powder of 75% white bacterium or 64% Sandofan wettable The biological pesticide such as 400 times of liquid of pulvis or jinggangmeisu is prevented and treated；Tomato late blight 400-500 times of liquid of 64% Sandofan, 40% first frost 700-800 times of liquid of copper, 40% aliette, 200 times of liquid, 1：1：150-200 Bordeaux mixture, the clear 200 times of liquid of 50% white bacterium or 64% antivirus The biological pesticide such as 400 times of liquid of alum wettable powder or pesticide corrosion 120 is prevented and treated；Gray mold, leaf mold, 70% methyl sulfur bacterium of virosis Clever 800-1000 times of liquid preventing and treating；Insect pest from 30% it is tactile fall missible oil, 15% 1000-1500 times of liquid of AVM hereinafter poison missible oil fine day afternoon After when 4 or the cloudy day sprays, and is sprayed again once every 5 days；

(6) harvest：It can be plucked after tomato reddens.