CN106386316A - High-yield cultivation method for high strength general selenium rice variety - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-yield cultivation method for a high strength general selenium rice variety. The high-yield cultivation method comprises the following steps: preparing a seedling bed, raising seedlings in a hole tray, carrying out seedling management, carrying out soil preparation and fertilization, carrying out field planting, carrying out field management, carrying out insect disease prevention, regulating temperature and humidity, reasonably closing or opening a full front film of a greenhouse, a film of a small arched shed and two front doors of the greenhouse according to temperature and humidity data in the greenhouse and weather condition in a flower bud emergence preliminary stage of general selenium rice, and harvesting. The high-yield cultivation method has the beneficial effects that temperature sensitivity of a flower bud development period is utilized, and harvest time of the general selenium rice can be controlled artificially, so that the general selenium rice can appear on the market around the Spring Festival and relatively high economic benefit can be achieved; meanwhile, the quality of the general selenium rice is improved, so that output value per Mu is increased, and standardized pollution-free greenhouse cultivation is realized.

Description

A kind of high yield cultivating method of the poly- selenium rice varieties of high intensity

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of cultural method of Oryza sativa L., refer specifically to a kind of high-yield culturing side of high intensity poly- selenium rice varieties Method.

Background technology

Selenium is trace element needed by human.Chinese Soclety of Nutrition also by selenium be classified as needed by human 15 kind nutrient it One, a large amount of clinical experiments are bright both at home and abroad, and human body lacks the functional disorder that selenium can cause some vitals, leads to many serious diseases Occur, more than 40, whole world country is in scarce selenium area, several hundred million populations in Chinese 22 provinces all in scarce selenium or low selenium area, The sickness rate such as these regional population tumor, hepatopathy, cardiovascular disease are very high.

Some areas of 12 provinces and cities of middle state-two, about 700,000,000 people live in low selenium area.Most area Selenium In Foods In below 0.02mg/kg, southeastern coast is Chinese district rich in selenium to content, also only 0.10mg/kg, is the United Nations's health organization rule Fixed minimum.Still do not reach the standard selenium supplement level of more than everyone 40 micrograms daily in Chinese population food, especially lack selenium Regional crowd is it more difficult to reach the purpose of selenium supplement from food.

Inorganic selenium are sodium selenite, start to disable in the world from 2000.Yeast selenium, Fructus Hordei Germinatus selenium, nanometer selenium (medicated beer ferment Mother+sodium selenite) absorption of human body and metabolic rate low.Human absorptivity only 40%-60%, and remaining as inorganic selenium residual.

Enjoy favor for natural organic plant activity selenium, such as 100 microgram vegetable active selenium (maize rich in selenium powder), from selenium-rich The pure grain product of selenium element are absorbed, the photosynthesis in growth course and vivo biodistribution conversion are made in the soil of technique improvement With, existed with seleno-amino acids form in vivo, human absorptivity reaches more than 99%, both met human body selenium element needs, and Solve absorption and the low difficult problem of metabolic rate of selenium.

Oryza sativa L. is the staple food crop of China, and the population with rice as staple food accounts for the 50% of country's total population.But I What the most area of state produced rice Se content is below the Se content lower bound marginal value 0.06mg/kg.Therefore, by suitable Approach, improves Se content in rice, significant for the selemium nutrition improving China resident.But existing Selenium rich rice cultivation In technology, the amount of application of selenium is excessive, and Oryza sativa L. is relatively low to the absorbance of selenium, not by the selenium of rice absorbing to field runoff water and soil Cause certain pollution, if the too high yield that can directly affect crop of the Se content in soil.

Content of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defect being existed according to prior art, proposes a kind of yield high, profitable High intensity poly- selenium rice varieties high yield cultivating method.

The present invention solves technical problem by the following technical programs, a kind of high-yield culturing side of the poly- selenium rice varieties of high intensity Method, comprises the following steps：

Step 1. seedling bed prepares, and selects high-land, ventilating cool, irrigation and drainage are convenient, booth is built in the plot that the soil is porous, And silver gray sunshade net and 20 mesh fly nets are covered on booth；Poly- selenium rice paddy seed is carried out sowing, educated using 72 hole disks Seedling, and hole tray is covered film cover；

Step 2. Fruit variety and nursery：Select that the heat-resisting later stage is low temperature resistant, viral diseases, storage tolerance, growth potential are strong, branch Property good, result set in, fruit pork is thick, the later stage resists cold high yield, stable yields kind；Bask seeds 1～2 day, then can with 50% carbendazim 400～1000 times of immersion kinds of WP 30 minutes, are rinsed with clear water after taking-up simultaneously plus appropriate tertiary sodium phosphate is to kill virus Totally, place in 55～60 DEG C of thermostatted water and soak 10 minutes, and be stirred continuously, add cold water immediately after 10 minutes, make water temperature It is down to 30 DEG C, is then standing and soak for 5～6 hours, rinsed twice with clear water, pull out and drain excessive moisture wet gauze and wrap, hang Accelerating germination in the cool, can sow when seed 60%～80% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally after 5～6 days, and seedling length is to thinning during 1～2 true leaf；

Step 3. site preparation and fertilization, levels land, and applies base manure, and every 667 apply decomposed dung 3000kg, NPK 75kg, boron fertilizer 1kg, fertiliser containing magnesium 1kg, then turn over and bury, with mixing with soil uniformly, make wide 1.2～1.5m, ditch depth 10～ 15cm, the flat furrow of shallow ridges of furrow width 25～30cm, general early seasonal strain distance between rows and hills is 20 centimetres of 25 cm x, and middle seasonal strain distance between rows and hills is 30 22 centimetres of cm x, seasonal strain distance between rows and hills is 30 centimetres of 30 cm x, and it is unsuitable deep to plant Seedling, with Seedling stick together native face and furrow face plant flat or slightly Low 1 centimetre, after Seedling is planted, watered immediately, to recover growing way；Booth external-open is wider than 30cm, the deep draining being more than 40cm Ditch, prevents the occluded water in the outer foot ditch of canopy when raining heavyly from penetrating into booth；

Step 4. is colonized：When seedling grows to 15～20 centimetres, seedling age about 35～40 days about, there have to be fixed during 5～7 true leaves Plant, before field planting, 5d gradually lowers the temperature seedling exercising, 18 DEG C～22 DEG C of daytime, 13 DEG C of night, 10 DEG C～14 DEG C of ground temperature, spray once get bumper crops precious or The happy liquid of green enlightening is expected to obtain the stout and strong seedling of body, even the cloudy day also should throw off covering, increases light application time and lightness, prevents its waterlogging caused by excessive rain Excessive growth, before field planting with reference to site preparation every 1/15 hectare apply high-quality and become thoroughly decomposed 5000 kilograms of barnyard manure, 20 kilograms of carbamide, potassium sulfate 20,000 Gram, 50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, fertilising uniformly will plough deeply soil, seedbed wants water in advance in the morning, by the former grid lifting pulling, To carry soil, it is to avoid hinder root more, be colonized 35 centimetres of line-spacing, 40 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every 1/15 hectare is stayed 4000～4500 plants of Seedling；

Step 5 field management, pours root water after field planting in time, and moistens native 2～4 times in poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. heading stage drip irrigation, with Keep ground moistening, field planting carries out after 7 days topdressing for the first time, and every 667 apply carbamide 1.5kg, potassium chloride 1kg, topdress for the first time Topdressed for the second time after 10 days, every 667 apply carbamide 5kg, potassium chloride 3kg, later according to plant growth condition every 10 days Carry out 1～2 time to topdress；A period of time after Seeding planting, in shed, temperature is higher, aeration-cooling, temperature of shed control on daytime Make at 25～30 DEG C, 15～18 DEG C of night, very night temperature drop to less than 10 DEG C, should add a cover straw mat on Small plastic shed, make night little Shed temperature is not less than 15 DEG C, is beared fruit and plant strain growth with profit pollination of blooming, and enters severe cold winter, notes that closing canopy is incubated, to arch Thin film on Small plastic shed in canopy and straw mat, will take off early lid evening, pour bottom water after field planting, seedling-slowing stage, without watering, enters later in time , hydropenia phenomenon in row intertillage 2～3 times after slow seedling, need to carry out little water overflow pour, in conjunction with watering, every 1/15 hectare imposes carbamide 10,000 Gram carry seed manure, early squaring, suitably water, often keep soil gentle, reduce with ventilation, evaporation of soil water later Speed is slow, and water proper extension interval time, but still must keep ground moistening, applies di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate with water punching for every 1/15 hectare every time Ammonium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 kilograms about of carbamide, topdress based on quick-acting phosphorus, potassium, should not be excessive with nitrogen, in order to avoid causing excessive growth, As found plant excessive growth, after entering florescence, with 250 mg/litre Triiodobenzoic acid solution and 250 mg/litre maleics Diacid aqueous hydrazine sprays plant, and 3 every minor ticks of spray 10 days, use excellent fruit agent in fruit expanding period altogether；

Step 6. disease mainly has virosiss, epidemic disease, gray mold and powdery mildew, and virosiss should be to put prevention first, after field planting Spray 20% viral 500 times of liquid of A wettable powder in time, sprayed every 5～7 days 1 time, continuously spray 3～4 times；Epidemic disease can use 58% first Frost spirit 400 times of liquid of MnZn spray it is also possible to 600 times of liquid of 90% fosetyl aluminium smear basal part of stem；Gray mold selects sumilex or grey mold spirit 1 000 times of liquid preventing and treating；Powdery mildew can be sprayed with 30% 4 000 times of liquid of special rich spirit, and insect pest is mainly aphid, aleyrodid, oriental tobacco budworm, noctuid Class, aphid 1 000 times of liquid imidacloprids or 2 000 times of liquid Aphox wettable powder preventing and treatings；Trialeurodes vaporariorum can be with 2 000 times of liquid powder Louse is clear or the precious preventing and treating of the green dish of 1 000 times of liquid；The optional effective cypermethrin of oriental tobacco budworm, nocturnal moth class or other new chrysanthemum esters medicaments 2 000～3 000 times of liquid or 4 000 times of liquid spraying treatments of avilamycin；

Step 7, regulation humiture, in poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. early squaring, according to booth interior temperature humidity data and weather condition, Rationally turn off or on booth skirt film, Small plastic shed thin film and booth two main entrance；

Step 8, harvesting, when the edge small bud of the main bouquet of poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. is slightly loose, bouquet is wounded in the battle together with bottom Stem is cut off at scape 3cm.

In step 7, if weather wet weather is cloudy, day temperature be 3～5 DEG C when, by booth skirt film, Small plastic shed thin film and Booth two main entrance Close All；If extraneous 2～3 DEG C of minimum temperature, more than 10 DEG C of maximum temperature, during 4～5 grades of wind-force, daytime will Booth skirt film and booth two main entrance are opened 5～7 hours, and Small plastic shed thin film is closed；If during 11 points of same day, canopy temperature is 18～ 20 DEG C, within 11 points to 15 points times, booth skirt film and booth two main entrance are opened ventilation, Small plastic shed thin film is closed；If the external world is 6～8 DEG C of low temperature, 15～17 DEG C of maximum temperature, during 8 a.m., canopy temperature is 20～22 DEG C, or night minimum temperature More than 10 DEG C, when daytime, temperature of shed was more than 20 DEG C, open 9 points of daytime at 16 points in afternoon booth skirt films, Small plastic shed thin film and Booth two main entrance is divulged information.

Excellent fruit agent is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion meter：L- Radix Asparagi aminoacid 6-10, threonine 5-10, serine 6- 8th, glutamic acid 8-10, glycine 1-3, alanine 3-5, humic acidss 50-100, fulvic acid 50-100 and basic element of cell division 0.1- 0.5th, gibberellins 0.5-0.8, potassium sulfate 2-5, Borax 2-5, nitric acid rare earth 2-5, zinc sulfate 2-5 and magnesium sulfate 1-3, ferrous sulfate 2-5.

A kind of high yield cultivating method poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. of high intensity poly- selenium rice varieties of the present invention should be selected disease-resistant, middle evening The ripe, kind of length collection period, in annual August early and middle ten dayses sowing, field planting during seedling age about 30 days, and showing in poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. bouquet The flower bud initial stage to recovery process by big small shed thin film be turned on and off the temperature in canopy is adjusted, using flower bud development The sensitivity to temperature for the phase, can manual control poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. collection period, enable poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. listing acquisition around the Spring Festival Higher economic benefit, meanwhile, improves the quality of poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. so as to per mu yield value reaches more than ten thousand yuan it is achieved that standardization Nuisanceless greenhouse cultivation.

Specific embodiment

The present invention is described in further detail below.

Material：The commercially available seed of the initial point selection of poly- selenium Oryza sativa L., such as holy green (middle-late ripening variety), to adopting after field planting Receive and need 115 days about, collection period is up to 15 days, bouquet hemispherical, main bouquet type, single ball weight more than 0.6kg, auspicious numerous purchased from Zhenjiang Agronomy company limited.

Embodiment 1

Step 1. seedling bed prepares, and selects high-land, ventilating cool, irrigation and drainage are convenient, booth is built in the plot that the soil is porous, And silver gray sunshade net and 20 mesh fly nets are covered on booth；Poly- selenium rice paddy seed is carried out sowing, educated using 72 hole disks Seedling, and hole tray is covered film cover；

Step 2. Fruit variety and nursery：Select that the heat-resisting later stage is low temperature resistant, viral diseases, storage tolerance, growth potential are strong, branch Property good, result set in, fruit pork is thick, the later stage resists cold high yield, stable yields kind；Bask seeds 1～2 day, then can with 50% carbendazim 400～1000 times of immersion kinds of WP 30 minutes, are rinsed with clear water after taking-up simultaneously plus appropriate tertiary sodium phosphate is to kill virus Totally, place in 55～60 DEG C of thermostatted water and soak 10 minutes, and be stirred continuously, add cold water immediately after 10 minutes, make water temperature It is down to 30 DEG C, is then standing and soak for 5～6 hours, rinsed twice with clear water, pull out and drain excessive moisture wet gauze and wrap, hang Accelerating germination in the cool, can sow when seed 60%～80% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally after 5～6 days, and seedling length is to thinning during 1～2 true leaf；

Step 3. site preparation and fertilization, levels land, and applies base manure, and every 667 apply decomposed dung 3000kg, NPK 75kg, boron fertilizer 1kg, fertiliser containing magnesium 1kg, then turn over and bury, with mixing with soil uniformly, make wide 1.2～1.5m, ditch depth 10～ 15cm, the flat furrow of shallow ridges of furrow width 25～30cm, general early seasonal strain distance between rows and hills is 20 centimetres of 25 cm x, and middle seasonal strain distance between rows and hills is 30 22 centimetres of cm x, seasonal strain distance between rows and hills is 30 centimetres of 30 cm x, and it is unsuitable deep to plant Seedling, with Seedling stick together native face and furrow face plant flat or slightly Low 1 centimetre, after Seedling is planted, watered immediately, to recover growing way；Booth external-open is wider than 30cm, the deep draining being more than 40cm Ditch, prevents the occluded water in the outer foot ditch of canopy when raining heavyly from penetrating into booth；

Step 4. is colonized：When seedling grows to 15～20 centimetres, seedling age about 35～40 days about, there have to be fixed during 5～7 true leaves Plant, before field planting, 5d gradually lowers the temperature seedling exercising, 18 DEG C～22 DEG C of daytime, 13 DEG C of night, 10 DEG C～14 DEG C of ground temperature, spray once get bumper crops precious or The happy liquid of green enlightening is expected to obtain the stout and strong seedling of body, even the cloudy day also should throw off covering, increases light application time and lightness, prevents its waterlogging caused by excessive rain Excessive growth, before field planting with reference to site preparation every 1/15 hectare apply high-quality and become thoroughly decomposed 5000 kilograms of barnyard manure, 20 kilograms of carbamide, potassium sulfate 20,000 Gram, 50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, fertilising uniformly will plough deeply soil, seedbed wants water in advance in the morning, by the former grid lifting pulling, To carry soil, it is to avoid hinder root more, be colonized 35 centimetres of line-spacing, 40 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every 1/15 hectare is stayed 4000～4500 plants of Seedling；

Step 5 field management, pours root water after field planting in time, and moistens native 2～4 times in poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. heading stage drip irrigation, with Keep ground moistening, field planting carries out after 7 days topdressing for the first time, and every 667 apply carbamide 1.5kg, potassium chloride 1kg, topdress for the first time Topdressed for the second time after 10 days, every 667 apply carbamide 5kg, potassium chloride 3kg, later according to plant growth condition every 10 days Carry out 1～2 time to topdress；A period of time after Seeding planting, in shed, temperature is higher, aeration-cooling, temperature of shed control on daytime Make at 25～30 DEG C, 15～18 DEG C of night, very night temperature drop to less than 10 DEG C, should add a cover straw mat on Small plastic shed, make night little Shed temperature is not less than 15 DEG C, is beared fruit and plant strain growth with profit pollination of blooming, and enters severe cold winter, notes that closing canopy is incubated, to arch Thin film on Small plastic shed in canopy and straw mat, will take off early lid evening, pour bottom water after field planting, seedling-slowing stage, without watering, enters later in time , hydropenia phenomenon in row intertillage 2～3 times after slow seedling, need to carry out little water overflow pour, in conjunction with watering, every 1/15 hectare imposes carbamide 10,000 Gram carry seed manure, early squaring, suitably water, often keep soil gentle, reduce with ventilation, evaporation of soil water later Speed is slow, and water proper extension interval time, but still must keep ground moistening, applies di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphate with water punching for every 1/15 hectare every time Ammonium, potassium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 kilograms about of carbamide, topdress based on quick-acting phosphorus, potassium, should not be excessive with nitrogen, in order to avoid causing excessive growth, As found plant excessive growth, after entering florescence, with 250 mg/litre Triiodobenzoic acid solution and 250 mg/litre maleics Diacid aqueous hydrazine sprays plant, and 3 every minor ticks of spray 10 days, use excellent fruit agent in fruit expanding period altogether；

Step 6. disease mainly has virosiss, epidemic disease, gray mold and powdery mildew, and virosiss should be to put prevention first, after field planting Spray 20% viral 500 times of liquid of A wettable powder in time, sprayed every 5～7 days 1 time, continuously spray 3～4 times；Epidemic disease can use 58% first Frost spirit 400 times of liquid of MnZn spray it is also possible to 600 times of liquid of 90% fosetyl aluminium smear basal part of stem；Gray mold selects sumilex or grey mold spirit 1 000 times of liquid preventing and treating；Powdery mildew can be sprayed with 30% 4 000 times of liquid of special rich spirit, and insect pest is mainly aphid, aleyrodid, oriental tobacco budworm, noctuid Class, aphid 1 000 times of liquid imidacloprids or 2 000 times of liquid Aphox wettable powder preventing and treatings；Trialeurodes vaporariorum can be with 2 000 times of liquid powder Louse is clear or the precious preventing and treating of the green dish of 1 000 times of liquid；The optional effective cypermethrin of oriental tobacco budworm, nocturnal moth class or other new chrysanthemum esters medicaments 2 000～3 000 times of liquid or 4 000 times of liquid spraying treatments of avilamycin；

Step 7, regulation humiture, in poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. early squaring, according to booth interior temperature humidity data and weather condition, Rationally turn off or on booth skirt film, Small plastic shed thin film and booth two main entrance；

Step 8, harvesting, when the edge small bud of the main bouquet of poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. is slightly loose, bouquet is wounded in the battle together with bottom Stem is cut off at scape 3cm.

In step 7, if weather wet weather is cloudy, day temperature be 3～5 DEG C when, by booth skirt film, Small plastic shed thin film and Booth two main entrance Close All；If extraneous 2～3 DEG C of minimum temperature, more than 10 DEG C of maximum temperature, during 4～5 grades of wind-force, daytime will Booth skirt film and booth two main entrance are opened 5～7 hours, and Small plastic shed thin film is closed；If during 11 points of same day, canopy temperature is 18～ 20 DEG C, within 11 points to 15 points times, booth skirt film and booth two main entrance are opened ventilation, Small plastic shed thin film is closed；If the external world is 6～8 DEG C of low temperature, 15～17 DEG C of maximum temperature, during 8 a.m., canopy temperature is 20～22 DEG C, or night minimum temperature More than 10 DEG C, when daytime, temperature of shed was more than 20 DEG C, open 9 points of daytime at 16 points in afternoon booth skirt films, Small plastic shed thin film and Booth two main entrance is divulged information.

Excellent fruit agent is grouped into by the one-tenth of following weight portion meter：L- Radix Asparagi aminoacid 6-10, threonine 5-10, serine 6- 8th, glutamic acid 8-10, glycine 1-3, alanine 3-5, humic acidss 50-100, fulvic acid 50-100 and basic element of cell division 0.1- 0.5th, gibberellins 0.5-0.8, potassium sulfate 2-5, Borax 2-5, nitric acid rare earth 2-5, zinc sulfate 2-5 and magnesium sulfate 1-3, ferrous sulfate 2-5.

Embodiment 2

Build simple plastic greenhouse, select physical features high and dry, ventilating cool, the loose and fertile plot of draining good soil is built up greatly Canopy, booth north and south seat is 2m to, canopy and canopy spacing, single canopy long 40m, wide 6m, and booth covers silver gray sunshade net and fly net, prevents The full canopy of worm net covers.

Sowing, August sowing on the 3rd (January 23 was the Spring Festival then), using 72 hole disk (PVC material) nursery, vegetable is special Nutrition seedlings and soil.

Seedling management, sowing was emerged after 2 days, removes covering, allow rice shoot fully see light during fine day, and the outer temperature of noon canopy is high Lid sunshade net when 30 DEG C.Cloudy day removes sunshade net to keep seedling stage ground moistening, rainy day lid thin film on booth, and seedling length is extremely Final singling during 1 true leaf, 1 plant of seedling is stayed in every cave, carries out practicing within 26th Seedling in August, and September is poured permeable on the 1st.

Fertilizer application, August field site preparation and fertilization on the 10th, apply decomposed dung 3000kg/667, NPK N：P：K (15：15：15) 75kg/667, boron fertilizer 1kg/667, fertiliser containing magnesium 1kg/667, plough in conjunction with rake and apply down, uniform with mixing with soil. The flat furrow of shallow ridges, furrow width 1.2m, furrow ditch deep about 15cm, furrow ditch width about 30cm will be made when playing furrow.

Field planting, September is colonized on the 2nd, and during field planting, earthing, to cotyledon, and drenches root water with water, and every furrow plant 2 row, OK Away from 40cm, spacing in the rows 35cm, cross colonisation, about 3000 plants/667.

Science control water, poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. budding before booth not cover film, on moisture management, widen canopy outer gutter system, When arid, in good time drip irrigation should moisten native 3～4 times.

Topdress, carry out within about 7 days after field planting topdressing for the first time, apply carbamide 1.5kg/667, potassium chloride 1kg/667, the two Drench after being dissolved in water and apply, carry out within about 10 days after first time topdresses for second, apply Urea Urea 5kg/667, potassium chloride 3kg/667 ㎡.Carried out again 1～2 time topdressing according to plant growth condition every about 10 days later.

Integrated control pest and disease damage, when fine, in booth, humiture is higher, and noon suitably increases ventilation 1～2 hour, Reduce humiture in canopy, prevent and treat damping off, downy mildew, black rot etc. with germicide spray such as Bravo, carbendazim, metalaxyls, Prevent and treat the insects such as diamondback moth, Pieris rapae and aphid with chrysanthemum esters, Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) insecticides.

Regulate and control and budding at the beginning of humiture, December 5 poly- selenium Oryza sativa L., 5～January 10 December, according to thermohygrometer number in canopy According to, estimate fog size, artificially feel in conjunction with weather forecast and entrance booth etc., rationally turn off or on full front of a Chinese gown film, Small plastic shed Thin film, north and south door.It is specially：A whole day is closed：I.e. door, booth full front of a Chinese gown film, Small plastic shed thin film and skirt film are closed for equal 24 hours；Winter The a period of time having situations below adopts：Overcast and rainy cloudy, 3～5 DEG C of day temperature.B is semi-open：Open booth south gate, north gate and the full front of a Chinese gown Film, closes small shed thin film, and the opening time is to open south gate, north gate and skirt film 5～7 hours daytime, and remaining and night contract fully has Adopt during one below situation：One is weather forecast minimum temperature 2～3, maximum temperature more than 10,4～5 grades of wind-force；Two be on 18～20 DEG C of temperature of shed during noon 11, open north and south door and the ventilation of full front of a Chinese gown film up to 15 when in 11；C full open：Open booth south Door and north gate and full front of a Chinese gown film and Small plastic shed thin film, during daytime 9 about open, during afternoon 16 after close, when having one below situation Using：One is 6～8 DEG C of the weather forecast lowest temperature, highest 15～17, now 20～22 DEG C of temperature of shed during the morning 8, and two is 9 Month the first tenday period of a month to early November, night minimum temperature more than 10, in daytime canopy temperature more than 20 DEG C, then full open ventilation.

Harvest, January 10～2 month harvesting packaging listing successively on the 5th, yield reaches 2000kg/667.

In addition to the implementation, the present invention can also have other embodiment.All employing equivalents or equivalent transformation shape The technical scheme becoming, all falls within the protection domain of application claims.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of high yield cultivating method of the poly- selenium rice varieties of high intensity, comprises the following steps：

Step 1. seedling bed prepares, and selects high-land, ventilating cool, irrigation and drainage are convenient, booth is built in the plot that the soil is porous, and Silver gray sunshade net and 20 mesh fly nets are covered on booth；Poly- selenium rice paddy seed is carried out sowing using 72 hole disks, nursery, and Hole tray is covered film cover；

Step 2. Fruit variety and nursery：Select that the heat-resisting later stage is low temperature resistant, viral diseases, storage tolerance, growth potential are strong, branchiness In good, result set, fruit pork is thick, the later stage resists cold high yield, stable yields kind；Bask seeds 1～2 day, then wettable with 50% carbendazim Property 400～1000 times of immersion kinds of powder 30 minutes, simultaneously plus appropriate tertiary sodium phosphate is to kill virus, rinsed dry after taking-up with clear water Only, place in 55～60 DEG C of thermostatted water and soak 10 minutes, and be stirred continuously, after 10 minutes, add cold water immediately, so that water temperature is dropped To 30 DEG C, then it is standing and soak for 5～6 hours, is rinsed twice with clear water, pull out and drain excessive moisture wet gauze and wrap, hang over Shady place accelerating germination, can sow when seed 60%～80% shows money or valuables one carries unintentionally after 5～6 days, and seedling length is to thinning during 1～2 true leaf；

Step 3. site preparation and fertilization, levels land, and applies base manure, and every 667 apply decomposed dung 3000kg, NPK 75kg, Boron fertilizer 1kg, fertiliser containing magnesium 1kg, then turn over and bury, with mixing with soil uniformly, make wide 1.2～1.5m, ditch depth 10～15cm, furrow width The flat furrow of shallow ridges of 25～30cm, general early seasonal strain distance between rows and hills is 20 centimetres of 25 cm x, and middle seasonal strain distance between rows and hills is 30 cm x 22 Centimetre, seasonal strain distance between rows and hills is 30 centimetres of 30 cm x, and it is unsuitable deep to plant Seedling, plants flat or slightly lower 1 centimetre with the Seedling native face that sticks together with furrow face, After Seedling is planted, watered immediately, to recover growing way；Booth external-open is wider than 30cm, the deep gutter being more than 40cm, prevents big Occluded water in canopy outer foot ditch during rain penetrates into booth；

Step 4. is colonized：When seedling grows to 15～20 centimetres, seedling age about 35～40 days about, there is field planting during 5～7 true leaves, fixed Before plant, 5d gradually lowers the temperature seedling exercising, 18 DEG C～22 DEG C of daytime, 13 DEG C of night, 10 DEG C～14 DEG C of ground temperature, and spray is once got bumper crops precious or green enlightening Happy liquid is expected to obtain the stout and strong seedling of body, even the cloudy day also should throw off covering, increases light application time and lightness, prevents its waterlogging caused by excessive rain on foot Long, before field planting with reference to site preparation every 1/15 hectare apply high-quality and become thoroughly decomposed 5000 kilograms of barnyard manure, 20 kilograms of carbamide, 20 kilograms of potassium sulfate, 50 kilograms of calcium superphosphate, fertilising uniformly will plough deeply soil, seedbed wants water in advance in the morning, by the former grid lifting pulling, many Band soil, it is to avoid hinder root, is colonized 35 centimetres of line-spacing, 40 centimetres of spacing in the rows, every 1/15 hectare is stayed 4000～4500 plants of Seedling；

Step 5 field management, pours root water after field planting in time, and moistens native 2～4 times in poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. heading stage drip irrigation, to keep Ground moistening, field planting carries out after 7 days topdressing for the first time, and every 667 apply carbamide 1.5kg, potassium chloride 1kg, topdress for the first time 10 days After topdressed for the second time, every 667 apply carbamide 5kg, potassium chloride 3kg, carry out 1 according to plant growth condition every 10 days later Topdress for～2 times；A period of time after Seeding planting, in shed, temperature is higher, aeration-cooling, and temperature of shed controls 25 daytime ～30 DEG C, 15～18 DEG C of night, very night temperature drop to less than 10 DEG C, should add a cover straw mat on Small plastic shed, make night Small plastic shed temperature Degree is not less than 15 DEG C, is beared fruit and plant strain growth with profit pollination of blooming, and enters severe cold winter, notes that closing canopy is incubated, to little in shed Thin film on shed and straw mat, will take off early lid evening, pour bottom water after field planting, and seedling-slowing stage, without watering, carries out intertilling 2 later in time ～3 times, hydropenia phenomenon occurs after slow seedling, need to carry out little water overflow pour, impose 10 kilograms of carbamide in conjunction with watering every 1/15 hectare and carry Seed manure, early squaring, suitably waters, often keeps soil gentle, reduce with ventilation, evaporation of soil water speed later Slowly, water proper extension interval time, but still must keep ground moistening, applies Diammonium phosphate (DAP), phosphorus with water punching for every 1/15 hectare every time 10 kilograms about of acid dihydride potassium, carbamide, topdresses based on quick-acting phosphorus, potassium, should not be excessive with nitrogen, in order to avoid causing excessive growth, such as sends out Existing plant excessive growth, after entering florescence, with 250 mg/litre Triiodobenzoic acid solution and 250 mg/litre maleic acids Aqueous hydrazine sprays plant, and 3 every minor ticks of spray 10 days, use excellent fruit agent in fruit expanding period altogether；

Step 6. disease mainly has virosiss, epidemic disease, gray mold and powdery mildew, and virosiss should be to put prevention first, after field planting in time Spray 20% viral 500 times of liquid of A wettable powder, sprayed every 5～7 days 1 time, continuously spray 3～4 times；Epidemic disease can use 58% metalaxyl 400 times of liquid of MnZn spray it is also possible to 600 times of liquid of 90% fosetyl aluminium smear basal part of stem；Gray mold selects sumilex or grey mold spirit 1 000 The preventing and treating of times liquid；Powdery mildew can be sprayed with 30% 4 000 times of liquid of special rich spirit, and insect pest is mainly aphid, aleyrodid, oriental tobacco budworm, nocturnal moth class, Aphid 1 000 times of liquid imidacloprids or 2 000 times of liquid Aphox wettable powder preventing and treatings；Trialeurodes vaporariorum can be with 2 000 times of liquid aleyrodids The precious preventing and treating of the green dish of clear or 1 000 times of liquid；The optional effective cypermethrin of oriental tobacco budworm, nocturnal moth class or other new chrysanthemum esters medicaments 2 000～3 000 times of liquid or 4 000 times of liquid spraying treatments of avilamycin；

Step 7, adjust humiture, in poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. early squaring, according to booth interior temperature humidity data and weather condition, rationally Turn off or on booth skirt film, Small plastic shed thin film and booth two main entrance；

Step 8, harvesting, when the edge small bud of the main bouquet of poly- selenium Oryza sativa L. is slightly loose, bouquet are existed together with lower bands scape Cut off at scape 3cm.

2. according to claim 1 high intensity poly- selenium rice varieties high yield cultivating method it is characterised in that：In step 7, If weather wet weather is cloudy, when day temperature is 3～5 DEG C, booth skirt film, Small plastic shed thin film and booth two main entrance are all closed Close；If extraneous 2～3 DEG C of minimum temperature, more than 10 DEG C of maximum temperature, during 4～5 grades of wind-force, daytime is by booth skirt film and booth two Main entrance is opened 5～7 hours, and Small plastic shed thin film is closed；If during 11 points of same day, canopy temperature is 18～20 DEG C, at 11 points to 15 points In time, booth skirt film and booth two main entrance are opened ventilation, Small plastic shed thin film is closed；If extraneous 6～8 DEG C of minimum temperature, highest 15～17 DEG C of temperature, during 8 a.m., canopy temperature is 20～22 DEG C, or night minimum temperature is more than 10 DEG C, in daytime canopy When temperature is more than 20 DEG C, 16 points to afternoon of 9 points of daytime opens booth skirt film, Small plastic shed thin film and the ventilation of booth two main entrance.

3. according to claim 1 high intensity poly- selenium rice varieties high yield cultivating method it is characterised in that：Excellent fruit agent by with The one-tenth of lower weight portion meter is grouped into：L- Radix Asparagi aminoacid 6-10, threonine 5-10, serine 6-8, glutamic acid 8-10, sweet ammonia Sour 1-3, alanine 3-5, humic acidss 50-100, fulvic acid 50-100 and basic element of cell division 0.1-0.5, gibberellins 0.5-0.8, sulfur Sour potassium 2-5, Borax 2-5, nitric acid rare earth 2-5, zinc sulfate 2-5 and magnesium sulfate 1-3, ferrous sulfate 2-5.