CN107124993A - A kind of cowpea presses seedling method for increasing - Google Patents
A kind of cowpea presses seedling method for increasing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107124993A CN107124993A CN201710383260.5A CN201710383260A CN107124993A CN 107124993 A CN107124993 A CN 107124993A CN 201710383260 A CN201710383260 A CN 201710383260A CN 107124993 A CN107124993 A CN 107124993A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of cowpea pressure seedling method for increasing, including following steps：Step A:In plantation field site preparation：Plough deeply and harrow a field, the cm of wide 1.7 m of furrow~1.8 m, wherein wide 1.4 m of furrow face~1.5 m, wide 30 cm of furrow ditch, deep 15 cm of furrow ditch~20；Step B:To plantation field basal dressing, step C:Select seed, it is desirable to purity >=97%, cleanliness >=98%, germination percentage >=90%, moisture≤12%；Step D:Sowing：It can start to sow cowpea when the deep ground temperature stabilizations of soil 5cm~10cm are more than 12 DEG C;Step E：Seedling management：The seedling management that Small plastic shed cover film carries out 40d~50d is taken using bamboo chip；Step F：Hardening：By the end of February low temperature hardening is carried out to early and middle ten dayses in March：Step G:Scaffold dismantling；Step H:Press seedling：Sprayed in production with composition；Step I:Built draws climing：Cowpea seedling removes Small plastic shed when plant height 25cm~50cm starts to take out climing；Step J:Topdress.The method that the present invention is provided has obvious production-increasing function.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting field, and in particular to the method that cowpea presses seedling yield-increasing technology.
Background technology
Cowpea is divided into asparagus bean and common cowpea, the asparagus bean of Vigna dish type of the present invention, Guangxi year plantation
Area, up to more than 30,000 hectares, is one of staple vegetable kind of Guangxi south vegetable north transportation.Cowpea growth thermophilic is 20~25 DEG C, in the summer
35 DEG C of high temperature above remained to normally bloom and born pods season, but intolerant to frost, the minimum temperature of germination is 10-12 DEG C.Cowpea is in Guangxi
Based on spring, summer, autumn sowing, general using direct-seeding cultivation, spring sowing cowpea open field live broadcast is cultivated in late Febuary to early March,
Day samming it is stable more than 10 DEG C when can sow, the first tenday period of a month in late April to May start harvest listing.Guangxi Region in recent years early spring cowpea
Beans production is gone to a winter resort technology using Small plastic shed, early spring cowpea is done sth. in advance sowing in 20-25 days than open field live broadcast, and picking time can shift to an earlier date 15 days
Left and right, the blank phase for listing, having filled up ahead of time national cowpea market is planted than open country, the first market opportunities is seized, promotes local agriculture
Industry synergy and increasing peasant income.
In recent years, due to factors such as temperature, humidity, illumination, inclined nitrogen fertilizer applications, cowpea excessive growth is caused to be overgrowed（Hurricane seedling）Ask
Topic, constrains cowpea high-yield to a certain extent.The main cause for causing cowpea excessive growth not make pod in production has：1st, temperature is high,
Plant vegetative growth development is fast.2nd, high humidity, soil moisture content is big, can increase the speed of growth of cauline leaf.3rd, illumination is weak, promotes battalion
Health is long, suppresses the formation and development of reproductive organs.4th, inclined nitrogen fertilizer application, directly causes the prosperous length of cauline leaf, and reproductive growth is suppressed.
The excessive growth problem of cowpea turns into the worry of cowpea planting household, is badly in need of solving.30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate is in a kind of wide spectrum
Absorption bactericide, is used on cowpea with sterilization and regulation growth double activity.Found, skilfully used in production by practical exploration
30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate 5 times carries out " pressure seedling ", and cowpea can be made to increase production more than 15%.
The content of the invention
In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a kind of cowpea pressure seedling method for increasing, including following steps：
Step A:In plantation field site preparation：Plough deeply and harrow a field, the m of wide 1.7 m of furrow~1.8 m, wherein wide 1.4 m of furrow face~1.5, furrow ditch
The cm of wide 30 cm, deep 15 cm of furrow ditch~20；
Step B:To plantation field basal dressing, every 667 m2Apply the kg of farm manure 2000 kg~3000, the kg of calcium superphosphate 50~
100 fertilizer mixed thoroughly and fully become thoroughly decomposed make base manure；
Step C:Select seed：It is required that purity >=97%, cleanliness >=98%, germination percentage >=90%, moisture≤12%；
Step D:Sowing：It can start to sow cowpea when the deep ground temperature stabilizations of soil 5cm~10cm are more than 12 DEG C;
Step E：Seedling management：The seedling management that Small plastic shed cover film carries out 40d~50d is taken using bamboo chip；
Step F：Hardening：Cowpea early spring Small plastic shed is cultivated it is noted that hardening, bad to early spring cold spell in later spring etc. to improve cowpea seedling
The resistivity of environment；Cowpea seedling is general to carry out low temperature hardening by the end of February to early and middle ten dayses in March：Remove 5d~7d before canopy and take small
Shed two is divulged information, and is gradually transitions daytime and whole day takes off film and shines seedling, the complete adaptability of enhancing cowpea seedling to external world.
Low temperature practices seedling：When referring to the cultivation of cowpea Small plastic shed when to March, early and middle ten dayses are scaffolded dismantling by the end of February, with the outer temperature of canopy in canopy
There is a certain distance, temperature of shed is at 30 DEG C or so, and the outer temperature of canopy is probably more than ten, 20 DEG C or so, it is necessary to which certain is suitable
Answering property after hardening, it is necessary to can just scaffold dismantling.Specifically temperature control is：Canopy temperature daytime, night was controlled at 12-15 DEG C at 18-20 DEG C
To strengthen the resistance of seedling, survival rate is improved.
Step G:Scaffold dismantling：Removing the strong sprout standard reached during canopy is：With 3.5~5 true leaves, plant height 25cm~50cm, leaf
Piece is dark green, and stem is sturdy, well developed root system, no disease and pests harm, and plant starts to take out climing；
Step H:Press seedling：Sprayed using with composition；
Step I:Built draws climing：Cowpea seedling removes Small plastic shed when plant height 25cm~50cm starts to take out climing；Now will be in time with length
More than 2.5m bamboo bars take A-frame and carry out draws climing；
Step J:Topdress：Cowpea comes into bloom every 667m2Apply potassium sulphate type ternary composite fertilizer（15:15:15）20kg~
25kg；The cowpea peak period combination cultivation and banking that bears pods carries out 3~5 fertilisings again, is supplied with the nutrition part for ensureing abundance, per 7d~
10d is per 667m2Potassium sulphate type ternary composite fertilizer is imposed again（15:15:15）25kg~30kg, to ensure the nutrition supply of abundance,
Continue a pod that blooms beneficial to original inflorescence in the more lateral bine inflorescence of Plantlet formation and main stem, in extension picking time to 6 months, under
In or so ten days, further improve yield.
Wherein, potassium sulphate type ternary composite fertilizer（15:15:15）It is 15 to mean sulfuric acid potassium element mass ratio：15：15.
The present invention uses above technical scheme, the advantage is that, can control cowpea tendril apical growth advantage, prevents and treats cowpea
Beans tendril excessive growth, makes shortened internodes, promotes bud differentiation, while the multiple diseases such as control rust, leaf spot, improve disease-resistant energy
Power, improves into pod rate, postpones the collecting period, increases cowpea yield.
It is preferred that, in the step C, cowpea seed will dry the d of 1 d~2 under 30 DEG C of environmental condition before sowing, and
Carried out disinfection processing with the fludioxonil suspension seed-coating agent of mass concentration 2.5%.
It is preferred that, in step D, using direct-seeding, line-spacing is 70cm, and spacing in the rows is 25cm, the plantation of duplicate rows double grains, every mu
667m2Amount 1.25kg~1.5kg is planted, by thinning final singling after emerging, per 667m2Keep a full stand of seedings 7000~8000 plants.After planting apply lid
Seed manure simultaneously returns soil, then with the S-metolachlor emulsifiable solution herbicide of volume depth 96% per 667m2Consumption 60ml is watered 50kg, spray
The anti-grass of furrow face.
It is preferred that, the step E includes：
Step E1:Temperature treatment：25 DEG C~35 DEG C of Small plastic shed keeping temperature before emerging, temperature control is to keep 20 daytime after emerging
DEG C~30 DEG C, in 15 DEG C~25 DEG C of evening, keep ground moistening, the anti-high seedling of temperature control.When temperature is less than 15 DEG C, 3d~5d ventilations
Ventilation 1 time, with close canopy film insulation based on.
Step E2:Moisture management：Seedling stage diligent will divulge information, few water drenching, relative humidity in reduction canopy, increase the printing opacity of film
Rate, reduces pest and disease damage；With rough leaf to the appearance of the 3rd true leaf, the dry and wet degree depending on cowpea seedling is drenched in right amount
Water；Water drenching is generally carried out in the morning of fine day, and water temperature should be up to more than 15 DEG C, and water drenching is uniform, and centre is few, two cephalopodiums, promotes cowpea
Bean seedlings growth is neat healthy and strong.Epiphragma again after plant to be planted surface and Tu Biaoshui are dry after water drenching.
It is preferred that, in the step E, the m of bamboo chip length 1.7 of Small plastic shed, wide 1.8 m of film；1 is inserted every 1.3 m length
Bamboo chip, which is done, to encircle, shed wide 1 m, high 0.5 m.
It is preferred that, in the step H, comprise the following steps：
Step（1）：When cowpea height of seedling 30cm~50cm, blade face even spraying is carried out with first chamber；
Step（2）：When cowpea height of seedling 80cm~100cm, blade face even spraying is carried out with second chamber；
Step（3）：When cowpea height of seedling 130cm~150cm, blade face even spraying is carried out with the 3rd composition；Step（4）：Treat
During 180 cm of cowpea height of seedling~200cm, blade face even spraying is carried out using the 4th composition；
Step（5）：When cowpea height of seedling 230cm~250cm, using the 4th composition blade face even spraying.
It is preferred that, the first chamber is using the 2400-3600 times of liquid mixing of 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate of volumetric concentration
The close 1200-1800 times of liquid of bacterium fat suspending agent of the pyrrole naphthalene of mass concentration 29% and the basic copper sulfate suspending agent 800- of mass concentration 27.12%
1200 times of liquid；Second chamber uses volumetric concentration 1200-1800 times of liquid mixing quality concentration 5% of 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate
The 1200-1800 times of liquid mixing of 1600-2400 times of liquid of acetamiprid wettable powder and 2.5% dish happiness suspending agent of mass concentration；3rd
Composition uses the fluorine bacterium oxime bacterium fat of 1200-1800 times of liquid mixing quality concentration of 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate of volumetric concentration 42.5%
1200-1800 times of liquid of suspending agent；4th composition is using the 800-1200 times of liquid mixing of 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate of volumetric concentration
1600-2400 times of liquid of 5% acetamiprid wettable powder of mass concentration and the chlorine worm Diacloden water dispersible granules of mass concentration 40%
2000-3000 times of liquid；5th composition is using 800-1200 times of liquid mixture product concentration of the benzene first propiconazole of volumetric concentration 30% breast
The close 1200-1800 times of liquid of bacterium fat of 29% pyrrole naphthalene and the 800-1200 times of liquid of Mancozeb pulvis of mass concentration 80%.
The present invention further uses above technical characteristic, the advantage is that,
（1）For the good cowpea field of rich water and growing way, in cowpea height of seedling 30cm~50cm, with 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate
3000 times of liquid mixing close 1500 times of liquid of bacterium fat suspending agent of 29% pyrrole naphthalene and 27.12% basic copper sulfate suspending agent, 1000 times of liquid are carried out
Blade face even spraying, prevents powdery mildew, the incident disease of a variety of seedling stages such as bacterial epidemic disease.3-7 days plant leafs after dispenser
It is leaf dark green, bright and thicken in slight shrinkage；
（2）In cowpea height of seedling 80cm~100cm, 5% Acetamiprid wettable is mixed with 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times of liquid
The 1500 times of liquid mixing of 2000 times of liquid of pulvis and 2.5% dish happiness suspending agent carry out blade face even spraying, can take into account preventing and treating thrips, aphid
Worm, the pest and disease damage such as Lepidoptera class, 3-7 days blades are more dark green after dispenser, thicken, whole strain vines are sturdy, internode is away from short；
（3）In cowpea height of seedling 130cm~150cm, 42.5% fluorine bacterium oxime bacterium is mixed with 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times of liquid
1500 times of liquid of fat suspending agent carry out blade face even sprayings, prevent and treat powdery mildew, leaf spot, the climing multiple diseases such as withered, 3-7 days after dispenser
Substantially sturdy, internode is more away from short, bud for the whole strain vines of cowpea；
（4）Cowpea height of seedling 180cm~200cm, this stage is bean-pod borer multiple period, newborn with 30% benzene first propiconazole just as thrips
1000 times of liquid mixing 5% acetamiprid wettable powder, 2000 times of liquid of oil and 40% 2500 times of liquid of chlorine worm Diacloden water dispersible granules are mixed
Close and carry out blade face even spraying, substantially sturdy, internode is away from short, bud is more, Pod Bearing Percentage is high for whole strain vines, and disease occurs less.
（5）Cowpea height of seedling 230cm~250cm, this period, temperature rise, cowpea has been enter into the full blossom best fruiting period, powdery mildew,
Rust, the disease such as epidemic disease is easier to occur, and the close 1500 times of liquid of bacterium fat of 29% pyrrole naphthalene are mixed with 30% benzene first propiconazole, 1000 times of liquid of breast
With 80% Mancozeb pulvis, 1000 times of liquid blade face even sprayings, apical dominance is can control, promotes bud differentiation, beanpod is more, prolongs late
Aging, it is resistance to pluck.
The method for the cowpea pressure seedling yield-increasing technology that the present invention is provided brings following effect：
1st, it can prevent and control the harm of fungal disease.
2nd, the resistance of cowpea can be remarkably reinforced, field pest and disease damage occurs less, drought-enduring etc..
3rd, cowpea tendril excessive growth is prevented and treated, internode substantially shortens, and improves into pod rate.
4th, cow-pea products exterior quality is substantially improved.
5th, the cowpea collecting period can be postponed.
6th, there is obvious production-increasing function.
Embodiment
The preferably embodiment to the present invention is described in further detail below：
Embodiment 1
（1）Variety selection：From disease-resistant, high-quality, high yield, storage tolerance, commodity are good, adapt to the kind in market.To be done before sowing
Purity, cleanliness, mass of 1000 kernel, germination percentage, moisture and pest and disease damage of good seed etc. are examined.
（2）Site preparation：Harrowed a field it is required that ploughing deeply, accomplish fine site preparation, increase loosing soil is breathed freely, and improves soil water-reataining fertilizer-keeping energy
Power is in favor of the development of cowpea root system.
（3）Play furrow standard：Furrow are wide（Bag ditch）1.7 m~1.8 m, wide 1.5 m of furrow face or so, wide 30 cm of furrow ditch, furrow ditch is deep
The cm of 15 cm~20, fills draining with profit and takes Small plastic shed cover film.The length of furrow（Small plastic shed length）Within typically with 25 m
It is advisable, it is oversize to be unfavorable for management.
（3）Base manure：Plantation field should do furrow with reference to site preparation, use sufficient base manure, especially want increasing application phosphorus potassium fertilizer.In order to improve Small plastic shed
Temperature, strengthens fresh kidney beans seedling cold-resistant antifreeze ability, general every 667 m2Apply the warm kg of property farm manure 2 000 fully become thoroughly decomposed, mistake
The kg of calcium phosphate 50 makees base manure（3/4 is spread fertilizer over the fields during site preparation, 1/4 is left and does lid seed manure）.
（4）Seed treatment
Seed quality：Seed quality should meet NY/T 5079 standard regulation.It is required that purity >=97%, cleanliness >=98%, germination
The requirement of rate >=90%, moisture≤12%.
Seed treatment：Cowpea seed will dry the d of 1 d~2 under 30 DEG C of environmental condition before sowing, and be fitted with 2.5%
When happy（Fludioxonil）Suspension seed-coating agent carries out disinfection processing, and the ml of 1 bag seed coat agent 10 can mix the kg seeds of 1 kg~3.
（5）Sowing
Sowing time：When the deep ground temperature of the cm of the cm of soil 5~10 it is stable more than 12 DEG C when can start to sow cowpea.Guangxi cowpea
The beans early spring Small plastic shed sowing time is the safe period of plantation in or so mid or late January.Sowing time general 1 d~3 after site preparation
D, now the humidity of soil is suitable.
Planting density：Using direct-seeding, line-spacing is 70 cm, and spacing in the rows is 25 cm, the plantation of duplicate rows double grains, every mu of sowing quantity
The kg of 1.25 kg~1.5, by thinning final singling after emerging, every 667 m2 keeps a full stand of seedings 7 000~8 000 plants.
Weeding before bud：After planting apply lid seed manure and return soil, then with 96% S-metolachlor missible oil（Jin Douer）Weeding
Every 667 m of agent2The ml of consumption 60 to the kg of water 50 spray the anti-grass of furrow face, then using bamboo chip take Small plastic shed cover film carry out 40 d~
50 d seedling management.
Small plastic shed specification
Per the m of furrow bag furrow width 1.7~1.8 m, the m of bamboo chip length 1.7, wide 1.8 m of film.1 bamboo chip is inserted every 1.3 m or so length
Do and encircle, shed wide 1 m, high 0.5 m.
（6）Seedling management
Temperature treatment：25 DEG C~35 DEG C of Small plastic shed keeping temperature before emerging, after emerging temperature control be daytime keep 20 DEG C~
30 DEG C, in 15 DEG C~25 DEG C of evening, keep ground moistening, the anti-high seedling of temperature control.Low temperature overcast and rainy day weather or nocturnal temperature are less than
At 15 DEG C, 3 d~5 d ventilations 1 time, with close canopy film insulation based on.
Moisture management：Seedling stage diligent will divulge information, few water drenching, relative humidity in reduction canopy, increases the light transmittance of film, reduces sick
Insect pest occurs.With rough leaf to the appearance of the 3rd true leaf, depending on the appropriate water drenching of dry and wet degree of cowpea seedling.Water drenching is usual
Carried out in the morning of fine day, water temperature should be up to more than 15 DEG C, and water drenching is uniform, and centre is few, two cephalopodiums, promote the growth of cowpea seedling whole
It is neat healthy and strong.Epiphragma again after plant to be planted surface and Tu Biaoshui are dry after water drenching.
（7）Hardening
Cowpea early spring Small plastic shed is cultivated it is noted that hardening, to improve resistance energy of the cowpea seedling to poor environments such as early spring cold spell in later spring
Power.Cowpea seedling is general to carry out low temperature hardening by the end of February to early and middle ten dayses in March：Removing the d of 5 d before canopy~7 takes Small plastic shed two to lead to
Wind, is gradually transitions daytime and whole day takes off film and shines seedling, the complete adaptability of enhancing cowpea seedling to external world.
（8）Scaffold dismantling
By the growth management of more than 50 days（Time in the Waking of Insects (3rd solar term) to the Spring Equinox）, cowpea seedling enter takes out the climing phase, such as temperature start back it is dim, now
Small plastic shed can be removed.Removing the strong sprout standard reached during canopy is：With 3.5~5 true leaves, the cm of the cm of plant height 25~50, blade
Dark green, stem is sturdy, well developed root system, no disease and pests harm, and plant starts to take out climing.
（9）Middle and later periods field management
Press seedling
Sprayed in production with 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, 3~4 times carry out " pressure seedling ", can make cowpea increase production 15% with
On.1st cowpea height of seedling 60 cm, the 2nd cowpea height of seedling 110 cm, the 3rd cm of cowpea height of seedling 160, the 4th cowpea height of seedling
200 cm。
Built draws climing
Cowpea seedling removes Small plastic shed when the cm of the cm of plant height 25~50 starts to take out climing.Now will be in time with long 2.5 more than m bamboo bars
Take A-frame and carry out draws climing.
Moisture management
Cowpea early stage will control moisture as far as possible, and first time water is poured when being born pods to blooming, soil moisture content is seen later, is poured water in good time,
Ground moistening should be kept, control field humidity is noted again, to avoid occurring disease.
（10）Topdress
Come into bloom and see field cowpea growing state, every 667 m2 applies potassium sulphate type ternary composite fertilizer（15:15:15）20 kg
；The cowpea peak period combination cultivation and banking that bears pods carries out 3~5 fertilisings again, is supplied with the nutrition part for ensureing abundance, every 10 d every 667
M2 imposes potassium sulphate type ternary composite fertilizer again（15:15:15）The kg of 25 kg~30, makes the lateral bine inflorescence that Plantlet formation is more, and
Original inflorescence is continued a pod that blooms, in extension picking time to 6 months, or so last ten-days period, further improve yield.
There is the field of more than 5 years to cultivation cowpea, it should be noted that land used is combined with increasing soil fertility, and suitably imposes middle trace element fertilizer
Material, regulation cowpea plant nutrition balance, improves resistance, promotes growth, bear pods stalwartness, improves the quality and yield of cowpea.
（11）Harvesting
Cowpea is the crop harvested successively, typically in the d of the d of Post flowering 10~13 harvestings.Once, the later stage can for full bloom pod phase harvesting daily
Every the d of 2 d~3 harvestings once.Fracture at the cm of beanpod base portion 1 under adopting, it is ensured that do not hinder inflorescence, rebloomed knot with profit during harvesting
Pod.The cowpea of harvesting has to comply with the requirement of non-polluted farm product quality.
（12）Arrange
To the cowpea purchased, arranged by the requirement of clean vegetables, the unqualified cowpea such as short, small, spottiness is removed in time.
（13）Refrigerated Transport
It is put into the min of 10 min in frozen water~15 to the cowpea put in order to be cleaned and low-temperature treatment, then by sale requirement pair
Cowpea is packed, and is loaded on truck and is carried out outward transport sale.
Embodiment 2
Pressure seedling technical research is carried out to Guangxi spring sowing cowpea
Carry out within 2015 the pressure seedling engineering test of early spring cowpea in Hepu County Shi Wan towns, not apply the processing of 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate
For control.Test kind：Spring is precious No. 3, seedtime：January 15, often handle 2 repetitions, random district's groups arrangement, plot area
34m2, 7800 plants of density of reserved seedlings.Using Small plastic shed cultivation technique.January 21 emerged, and scaffolded dismantling within 24 days 2 months.March 7 started to apply
Medicine, sprayed a medicine every 7 days afterwards, sprayed 5 times altogether.Other conditions are same as Example 1.
March 7（Height of seedling 30cm or so）First time dispenser：29% pyrrole is mixed with 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, 3000 times of liquid
1000 times of liquid of 1500 times of liquid of the close bacterium fat suspending agent of naphthalene and 27.12% basic copper sulfate suspending agent carry out blade face even spraying；Spray
Observe within 3-7 days afterwards, compared with check plot, cowpea blade occurs that slight shrinkage, leaf color be dark green, blade thickness.
March 15（Height of seedling 70cm or so）Second of dispenser：5% pyridine is mixed with 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times of liquid
The 1500 times of liquid mixing of 2000 times of liquid of worm amidine wettable powder and 2.5% dish happiness suspending agent carry out blade face even spraying；Spray rear 3-7
Its observation, compared with check plot, blade turns dark green, thickened, whole strain vines are more sturdy, internode away from shorter, bud increases.
March 23（Height of seedling 130cm or so）Third time dispenser：Mixed with 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, 1500 times of liquid
42.5% 1500 times of fluorine bacterium oxime bacterium fat suspending agent liquid carries out blade face even spraying；Observation in latter 3-7 days is sprayed, with check plot phase
Than substantially sturdy, internode is significantly more than control to plant vines away from short, bud.
March 31（Height of seedling 180cm or so）4th dispenser：With 30% benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate, 1000 times of liquid mixing 5%
The 2500 times of liquid mixing of 2000 times of liquid of acetamiprid wettable powder and 40% chlorine worm Diacloden water dispersible granules carry out blade face and uniformly sprayed
Mist；Spray observation in latter 3-7 days, compared with check plot, whole strain vines substantially sturdy, internode away from short, bud is more, Pod Bearing Percentage is high,
Disease is few.
April 8（Height of seedling 230cm or so）5th dispenser：29% pyrrole naphthalene is mixed with 30% benzene first propiconazole, 1000 times of liquid of breast
Close 1500 times of liquid of bacterium fat and 80% Mancozeb pulvis, 1000 times of liquid leaves；Spray observation in latter 3-7 days, compared with check plot, whole strain
Substantially sturdy, internode is away from short, bud is more, Pod Bearing Percentage is high for vines, and disease is few.
Required during each dispenser blade face see it is wet untill, once applied, not repeated drug taking.
Dispenser is handled to be started to receive beans April 4, and June 11, harvesting terminated, and sowing time receives 79 days phases to first, and picking time is gone through
When 68 days.Check plot started to harvest beans April 6, and June 7, harvesting terminated, and sowing time receives 81 days phases to first, and picking time is gone through
When 62 days；Dispenser cell is plucked for 2 days in advance than control, and rattan evening is collected in dispenser processing comparison as before, resistance to pluck, and can harvest 6 days more.Total mu
Production：3254.6kg, than control（2691.5kg）Volume increase 20.9%, by yuan/kilogram of flat fare 4, can increase benefit（3254.6-
2691.5）X4.0=2252.4 yuan.
Embodiment 1 and embodiment 2 are using pressure seedling technology, and each internode length of obtained cowpea can shorten 5-10cm
（Shorten 20% or so）, joint number is constant, and pressure after seedling internode length is usually no more than 20cm, when not pressing seedling internode in 25cm or so,
It is even longer.Pressure after seedling can improve 20% or so into pod rate.
The cowpea that Examples 1 and 2 are obtained, the reaction of the growth conditions bad to field is resistance to such as to low-temperature resistance, high temperature
Drought, waterlogging, pest and disease damage is few.
Above content is to combine specific preferred embodiment further description made for the present invention, it is impossible to assert
The specific implementation of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For general technical staff of the technical field of the invention,
On the premise of not departing from present inventive concept, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, should all be considered as belonging to the present invention's
Protection domain.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of cowpea presses seedling method for increasing, it is characterised in that including following steps：
Step A:In plantation field site preparation：Plough deeply and harrow a field, the m of wide 1.7 m of furrow~1.8 m, wherein wide 1.4 m of furrow face~1.5, furrow ditch
The cm of wide 30 cm, deep 15 cm of furrow ditch~20；
Step B:To plantation field basal dressing, every 667 m2Apply the kg of farm manure 2000 kg~3000, the kg of calcium superphosphate 50~
100 fertilizer mixed thoroughly and fully become thoroughly decomposed make base manure；
Step C:Select seed, it is desirable to purity >=97%, cleanliness >=98%, germination percentage >=90%, moisture≤12%；
Step D:Sowing：It can start to sow cowpea when soil 5cm~10cm depths, ground temperature stabilization are more than 12 DEG C;
Step E：Seedling management：The seedling management that Small plastic shed cover film carries out 40d~50d is taken using bamboo chip；
Step F：Hardening：By the end of February low temperature hardening is carried out to early and middle ten dayses in March：Removing 5d~7d before canopy takes Small plastic shed two to divulge information；
Step G:Scaffold dismantling：Removing the strong sprout standard reached during canopy is：With 3.5~5 true leaves, plant height 25cm~50cm, plant opens
Beginning takes out climing；
Step H:Press seedling：Sprayed in production with composition；
Step I:Built draws climing：Cowpea seedling removes Small plastic shed when plant height 25cm~50cm starts to take out climing；
Step J:Topdress：Come into bloom, per 667m2Apply potassium sulphate type ternary composite fertilizer（15:15:15）20kg ；Bear pods peak period
Refertilized 3~5 times with reference to cultivation and banking, per 7d~10d per 667m2Apply potassium sulphate type ternary composite fertilizer（15:15:15）25kg~
30kg。
2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step C, cowpea seed will be at 30 DEG C before sowing
The d of 1 d~2 is dried under environmental condition, and the processing that carried out disinfection with 2.5% fludioxonil suspension seed-coating agent.
3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step D, using direct-seeding, line-spacing is 70cm, strain
Away from for 25cm, duplicate rows double grains plantation, per 667m2Sowing quantity 1.25kg~1.5kg, by thinning final singling after emerging, per 667m2Protect
7000~8000 plants of seedling, after planting applies lid seed manure and returns soil, then with S-metolachlor emulsifiable solution herbicide per 667m2Consumption
60ml is watered 50kg, sprays the anti-grass of furrow face.
4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the step E includes：
Step E1:Temperature treatment：25 DEG C~35 DEG C of Small plastic shed keeping temperature before emerging, temperature control is to keep 20 daytime after emerging
DEG C~30 DEG C, in 15 DEG C~25 DEG C of evening, ground moistening is kept, when temperature is less than 15 DEG C, 3d~5d ventilations 1 time, to close
Close based on canopy film insulation；
Step E2:Moisture management：Water drenching is carried out in the morning of fine day, and water temperature should be up to more than 15 DEG C, and water drenching is uniform, is treated after water drenching
Epiphragma again after plant surface and Tu Biaoshui are dry.
5. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step E, the m of bamboo chip length 1.7 of Small plastic shed, film
Wide 1.8 m；Insert 1 bamboo chip every 1.3 m length and do and encircle, shed wide 1 m, high 0.5 m.
6. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that in the step H, comprise the following steps：
Step（1）：When cowpea height of seedling 30cm~50cm, blade face even spraying is carried out with first chamber；
Step（2）：When cowpea height of seedling 80cm~100cm, blade face even spraying is carried out with second chamber；
Step（3）：When cowpea height of seedling 130cm~150cm, blade face even spraying is carried out with the 3rd composition；Step（4）：Treat
During 180 cm of cowpea height of seedling~200cm, blade face even spraying is carried out using the 4th composition；
Step（5）：When cowpea height of seedling 230cm~250cm, using the 5th composition blade face even spraying.
7. method as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the first chamber uses benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate 2400-
The close 1200-1800 times of liquid of bacterium fat suspending agent of 3600 times of liquid pyrrole naphthalenes and 800-1200 times of liquid of basic copper sulfate suspending agent；Second combination
Thing is suspended using 1200-1800 times of 1600-2400 times of liquid of liquid mixing acetamiprid wettable powder of benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate and dish happiness
1200-1800 times of liquid mixing of agent；3rd composition uses 1200-1800 times of liquid mixing fluorine bacterium oxime bacterium fat of benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate
1200-1800 times of liquid of suspending agent；4th composition uses 800-1200 times of liquid mixing Acetamiprid wettable of benzene first propiconazole emulsifiable concentrate
1600-2400 times of liquid of pulvis and chlorine worm Diacloden 2000-3000 times of liquid of water dispersible granules；5th composition uses the ring of benzene first third
Azoles 800-1200 times of close 1200-1800 times of liquid of bacterium fat of liquid mixing pyrrole naphthalene of breast and 800-1200 times of liquid of Mancozeb pulvis.
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