CN103798026B - A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
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Abstract
The invention discloses the implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti.The method includes the selection of kind, nurturing staff, whole, fertilising, field planting, field management, the step such as gather.Implantation methods of the present invention is easy and simple to handle, wide profit is convenient, low cost, profitable, it is easy to promote, in planting process, disease incidence is the lowest, the use of chemical pesticide can be reduced or avoided, improve the yield and quality of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti so that the Fructus Lycopersici esculenti safety nuisance free that plantation obtains, ensure the edible safety of consumer, decrease environmental pollution simultaneously.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, belong to technical field of agricultural cultivation.
Background method
Fructus Lycopersici esculenti has another name called Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, tomato, kind Fructus Kaki etc., for high dietary vegetable, main edible ripening fruit, every 100g fresh fruit
Aqueous about 95g, carbohydrate 2.5-3.8g, protein 0.8-1.2g, vitamin C 15-25mg, carotene 0.25-0.35mg
And multiple mineral element, in addition to as the vegetable eaten raw and fruit, may also be fabricated which the forced for vitamins C such as beans, juice, sauce
Canned food and dried meat, the processed goods such as dry.Fructus Lycopersici esculenti spleen benefiting and stimulating the appetite, relieving restlessness are moisturized, containing abundant vitamin C and carotenoid
Belong to the antioxidant of non-enzyme system, be the scavenger of free radical, have anticancer especially pulmonary carcinoma and reduce the work of cardiovascular morbidity
With.If 0.2-0.4kg fresh tomato can be eaten for each person every day, it is possible to meet human body to vitamin C, vitamin A, dimension life
Element B and the demand of inorganic salt.Therefore, Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is increasingly liked by people, and requirement grows with each passing day, and Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is in China
All there is a large amount of cultivation various places, each province.But traditional tomato planting method pest and disease damage occurs serious, causes tomato yield to be substantially reduced,
Spray substantial amounts of pesticide for prevention and elimination of disease and pests simultaneously, cause Fructus Lycopersici esculenti to remain substantial amounts of farm chemical ingredients, affect the quality of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti and eat
Safety；Also have complex steps, production efficiency is low, cost is high, the feature such as of poor benefits, it is impossible to meet the demand in market.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide the implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, reduce the disease incidence of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, chemistry is reduced or avoided
The use of pesticide, improves yield and the quality of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, to meet the demand in market.
For achieving the above object, the method scheme that the present invention uses is as follows:
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of kind
Select that growing way is strong, not senilism, extra-high product, resistance to high light, high temperature resistance, humidity, high resistance to bacterial wilt, quality fabulous
Kind；
(2) nurturing staff
1. bask seeds, soak seed, accelerating germination
Seed is shone under the sun 2-3 days breaking dormancies；It is then placed in the warm water of 50-55 DEG C, is stirred continuously to 20-25 DEG C,
Soak seed and pull out for 10-15 minute, place in 1% potassium permanganate solution and soak 15-20 minute, filter with gauze pocket, tie
Bag mouth, puts into and cleans in water to water change clearly, be then placed in 20-25 DEG C of water seed soaking 3-4 hour, pull out and drain, and accelerating germination is to dew
White rate reaches more than 60%, waits to broadcast；
2. sow
Select late January in early spring-sowing in February, with small bamboo spike, the soil in the middle of seedling-growing container is loosened, the most each seedling-growing container central authorities
Program request accelerating germination seed 1-2 grain, covers nursery soil thickness 1-1.5 centimetre, covers mulch film, and when 1 leaf 1 heart, timely thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings,
Ensure that each seedling-growing container has a young plant；
3. seedling management
Within after planting 3-5 days, can emerge, seedling management is mainly the control of temperature and illumination；
A, the seedbed management of sowing to period of emerging
Bed temperature controls in temperature 25-28 DEG C in daytime, night temperature 15-18 DEG C；Not taking off film before emerging, window and leak informaton, plumelet starts to push up soil and goes out
Miao Shi, if because earthing is the thinnest, finds top shell phenomenon, should earthing 1 time the most again；
B, the seedbed management to point Seedling of emerging
After the two panels cotyledon of seedling is sufficiently spread out, to suitably reduce bed temperature, control daytime at 20-25 DEG C, night 10-15 DEG C,
In case excessive growth；Before point Seedling 4-6 days, the temperature relatively low for adapting to point seedbed, improves the survival rate after transplanting, promotes slow Seedling, bed
Temperature reduces 2-3 DEG C again；
Index of The Healthy Seedlings is 6-7 sheet leaf, seedling age 60-70 days, and 20-25 centimetre high, 60%-70% flowering flower bud.
(3) wholely, fertilising, field planting
Previous crops Oryza sativa L., Herba Alii fistulosi Bulbus Allii, beans and melon vegetables should be selected tomato planting or do not planted Solanaceae peanut soybean Semen Sesami
The place of Radix Raphani crop, to carry out ploughing deeply winter icepro and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, rake spring and do furrow after previous crops results, high bedding cultivation, furrow width
1.4-1.8m, wherein furrow width 0.3-0.5m, ditch depth 0.2-0.3m；Using sufficient base manure before field planting, mu executes high-quality decomposed dung 2000-3000
Kilogram, plant ash 200-250 kilogram, calcium superphosphate 50-80 kilogram, slow-release pesticidal granule 14-18 kilogram, after mixing uniformly
It is sprinkling upon furrow face, and is sufficiently mixed with soil, then hug flat, in high furrow both sides field planting ditch, execute high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure 200-300
Kilogram or NPK compound fertilizer 20-25 kilogram；Two row are planted, and seeding row spacing 40-50 cm x 25-35 centimetre, mu plants 1500-2000
Strain；Select cloudy day field planting in afternoon, drench foot and determine root water；
(4) field management
1. topdress
Start to topdress after field planting growing situation is recovered, i.e. start to topdress in 1 week after field planting, every 8-10 days, chase after before result every time
Fertile amount of urea every mu does not exceeds 5 kilograms；After the 1st fringe fruit is expanded, Mu Shi NPK compound fertilizer 50-80 kilogram or high-quality
Become thoroughly decomposed fecaluria 400-500 kilogram, pours with water；To the 2nd 3 fringe fruit expand time, Mu Shi NPK compound fertilizer 15-20 kilogram,
Manuring late is to ensure the needs that the 4th 56 fringe fruit is constantly grown up；
2. water management
When watering, should be preferably by strain pouring, pour water in the full field of few employing；To pour water, should carry out between the lights, and with water of having a ride on a horse
It is advisable, i.e. drains after furrow ditch stops 1-2 hour, keep ground moistening；Bacterial wilt is easily caused to propagate owing to pouring water,
Therefore should use less；
3. ridging and weeding
Earth up 2-3 time, and combine fertilizing and weeding and carry out；Weeds ridging covers, and hinders root with reduce that uprooting weed causes；
4. built with tie up climing
When Fructus Lycopersici esculenti length is to 30-40 centimetre high, makees support, every strain 1 pole with bamboo pole, often give birth to 2-3 sheet leaf and i.e. tie up climing by plastic ties
Tie up on bamboo pole；
5. training is pinched and flower and fruit thinning
Going alone training and only stay a trunk, other side shoots grown all remove；Double dry trainings are then in addition to retaining trunk, then retain
The side shoot that under 1st inflorescence, the 1st axil is extracted out, other side shoots all remove；
Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is many due to result, if being allowed to growth, then there will be fruit size uneven, and sub-quality products is many, therefore should carry out flower and fruit thinning,
Each branch stays 5-7 fruit.
(5) gather
Can pluck when fruit more than 1/3 reddens；Should gently pluck when gathering and put down gently, without fruit end when plucking, in case fruit in Zhuan Yun
Mutually it is wounded by stabbing.
The preparation method of described nursery soil is as follows: a, weigh the raw material of following weight portion: a, peat soil 20-30, red beautiful soil 10-15,
Deer natural pond soil 8-12, sea mud 5-10, chicken manure 15-20, plant straw powder 10-15, bagasse 8-12, wood sawdust 5-10, rice chaff
Ash 4-8, coconut shell flour 3-5, cinder 2-4, Vermiculitum 18-24, haydites of book structure 14-18, carbamide 2-3, calcium superphosphate 1.5-2.5；
B, take Vermiculitum, perlite add concentration be 10-15% hydrochloric acid solution in, heating in water bath, to 60-70 DEG C, is incubated 1-2 hour,
Taking-up is washed to neutrality, dries, and calcines 1-2 hour, is cooled to room temperature for 840-880 DEG C, stand-by；C, take chicken manure, plant straw
Stalk powder, wood sawdust, rice chaff ash, coconut shell flour, bagasse, cinder mix homogeneously, pile up in heaps, then by carbamide and peroxophosphoric acid
Calcium mix homogeneously, converts 80-100 times amount water and makes solution, be sprinkling upon equably on heap, after naturally placing 24-36h, adds compound
Amount 3-5% add 100-150 times of EM probiotic bacteria diluent, stir, windrow water content control at 60-70%,
Through fermentation in 5-10 days, temperature reached to stir once when 55-60 DEG C, and accumulative completing for 2-3 time is fermented；D, by above-mentioned gained
Fermented product is mixed homogeneously with remaining raw material, obtains nursery soil.
The present invention homemade nursery soil has stronger water-retaining property, water penetration and an aeration, and balanced in nutrition comprehensively, containing abundant
The nutrient such as nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and organic matter, fully meet the various nutrients needed for seed sprouting, can significantly improve into
Seedling rate, reduces seedling stage diseases and pests, saves artificial, and growing-seedling period is short.
The preparation method of described slow-release pesticidal granule is as follows: a, weigh the raw material of following weight portion: Maifanitum 25-35, meerschaum
15-20, kieselguhr 10-15, sodium tripolyphosphate 4-8, Herba et Flos Pyrethri Cinerariifolii 2-3, Folium firmianae 1.5-2.5, citrus seeds 1-2, the Radix Stemonae
3-4, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 2-3, pieris 1-2, Folium pterocaryae stenopterae 2.5-3.5, Ramulus Luffae 1-2, Cortex Meliae 2-3, Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae 1-2, plant ash 8-12,
Polyvinyl alcohol 5-10, carboxymethyl cellulose 4-6, sodium alginate 3-5；B, take Maifanitum and meerschaum mix homogeneously, 720-760 DEG C
Calcine 2-3 hour, put into after being cooled to room temperature in the hydrogen peroxide solution that concentration is 15-20% and soak 1-2 hour, take out washing
To neutral, dry, calcine 1-2 hour, be cooled to room temperature for 910-940 DEG C, pulverize, cross 100-150 mesh sieve, stand-by；c、
Take Herba et Flos Pyrethri Cinerariifolii, Folium firmianae, citrus seeds, the Radix Stemonae, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, pieris, Folium pterocaryae stenopterae, Ramulus Luffae, Cortex Meliae, Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae mix
Closing uniformly, add the water of 5-10 times amount, decoct and extract 50-60 minute, filter, filtering residue adds the water of 4-8 times amount again, decocts and extracts
30-40 minute, filtering, merge decoction liquor, concentrate, lyophilization becomes powder, stand-by；D, the powder that step b is prepared
The powder prepared with step c is mixed homogeneously, and adds kieselguhr and sodium tripolyphosphate, stirs 10-15 minute, wet granulation, grain
Footpath is 1-2mm, dries, stand-by；E, take polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate mix homogeneously, add 2-4 times
Amount water, heating in water bath is to 70-80 DEG C and under agitation adds plant ash, stirs rear even application and prepares in step d
Particle surface, dry, get product.
Being added with slow-release pesticidal granule during the present invention whole ground basal dressing, have slow-release pesticidal effect, broad spectrum activity is strong, resistance of rainwater washing against,
Can effectively prevent the generation of soil-borne disease, reduce or avoid the use of chemical pesticide, thus improve the quality and yield of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
Implantation methods of the present invention is easy and simple to handle, and wide profit is convenient, and low cost is profitable, it is easy to promoting, in planting process, disease is sent out
Raw rate is the lowest, it is possible to reduce or avoid the use of chemical pesticide, improve the yield and quality of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti so that the Fructus Lycopersici esculenti that plantation obtains
Safety nuisance free, has ensured the edible safety of consumer, has decreased environmental pollution simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
The implantation methods of a kind of Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, comprises the following steps:
(1) selection of kind
Select that growing way is strong, not senilism, extra-high product, resistance to high light, high temperature resistance, humidity, high resistance to bacterial wilt, quality fabulous
Kind；
(2) nurturing staff
1. bask seeds, soak seed, accelerating germination
Seed is shone under the sun 3 days breaking dormancies；It is then placed in the warm water of 55 DEG C, is stirred continuously to 25 DEG C, seed soaking
Within 15 minutes, pull out, place in 1% potassium permanganate solution and soak 20 minutes, filter with gauze pocket, tie bag mouth, put into
Water is cleaned and becomes clear to water, be then placed in 25 DEG C of water seed soaking 3 hours, pull out and drain, accelerating germination to the rate of showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally reach 60% with
On, wait to broadcast；
2. sow
Select late January in early spring-sowing in February, with small bamboo spike, the soil in the middle of seedling-growing container is loosened, the most each seedling-growing container central authorities
2, program request accelerating germination seed, covers thick 1.5 centimetres of nursery soil, covers mulch film, and when 1 leaf 1 heart, timely thinning is filled the gaps with seedlings, and protects
Demonstrate,prove each seedling-growing container and have a young plant；
3. seedling management
Within after planting 4 days, can emerge, seedling management is mainly the control of temperature and illumination；
A, the seedbed management of sowing to period of emerging
Bed temperature controls in temperature 26 DEG C in daytime, night temperature 18 DEG C；Not taking off film before emerging, window and leak informaton, plumelet starts to push up soil when emerging,
If because earthing is the thinnest, find top shell phenomenon, should earthing 1 time the most again；
B, the seedbed management to point Seedling of emerging
After the two panels cotyledon of seedling is sufficiently spread out, to suitably reduce bed temperature, control daytime at 22 DEG C, night 12 DEG C, in case on foot
Long；Divide Seedling first 5 days, the temperature relatively low for adapting to point seedbed, improve the survival rate after transplanting, the slow Seedling of promotion, bed temperature reduces again
2℃；
Index of The Healthy Seedlings is 7 leaves, seedling age 65 days, and 25 centimetres high, 65% flowering flower bud.
(3) wholely, fertilising, field planting
Previous crops Oryza sativa L., Herba Alii fistulosi Bulbus Allii, beans and melon vegetables should be selected tomato planting or do not planted Solanaceae peanut soybean Semen Sesami
The place of Radix Raphani crop, to carry out ploughing deeply winter icepro and sun the earth which has been ploughed up, rake spring and do furrow after previous crops results, high bedding cultivation, furrow width 1.6m,
Wherein furrow width 0.4m, ditch depth 0.25m；Using sufficient base manure before field planting, mu executes high-quality decomposed dung 2500 kilograms, plant ash 200
Kilogram, calcium superphosphate 60 kilograms, slow-release pesticidal granule 16 kilograms, be uniformly sprinkling upon furrow face after mixing, and be sufficiently mixed with soil,
Then hug flat, in high furrow both sides field planting ditch, execute high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure 250 kilograms or NPK compound fertilizer 20 kilograms；Two row are planted,
Seeding row spacing 50 cm x 30 centimetres, mu plants 2000 strains；Select cloudy day field planting in afternoon, drench foot and determine root water；
(4) field management
1. topdress
Start to topdress after field planting growing situation is recovered, i.e. start to topdress in 1 week after field planting, every 10 days, topdress before result every time
Amount of urea every mu does not exceeds 5 kilograms；After the 1st fringe fruit is expanded, Mu Shi NPK compound fertilizer 60 kilograms or high-quality are become thoroughly decomposed excrement
Urinate 450 kilograms, pour with water；To the 2nd 3 fringe fruit expand time, Mu Shi NPK compound fertilizer 20 kilograms, manuring late is to protect
Demonstrate,prove the needs that the 4th 56 fringe fruit is constantly grown up；
2. water management
When watering, should be preferably by strain pouring, pour water in the full field of few employing；To pour water, should carry out between the lights, and with water of having a ride on a horse
It is advisable, i.e. drains after furrow ditch stops 2 hours, keep ground moistening；Bacterial wilt is easily caused to propagate owing to pouring water, therefore
Should use less；
3. ridging and weeding
Earth up 3 times, and combine fertilizing and weeding and carry out；Weeds ridging covers, and hinders root with reduce that uprooting weed causes；
4. built with tie up climing
When Fructus Lycopersici esculenti length is to 35 centimetres high, make support, every strain 1 pole with bamboo pole, often give birth to 2 leaves i.e. with plastic ties climing bondage in
On bamboo pole；
5. training is pinched and flower and fruit thinning
Going alone training and only stay a trunk, other side shoots grown all remove；Double dry trainings are then in addition to retaining trunk, then retain
The side shoot that under 1st inflorescence, the 1st axil is extracted out, other side shoots all remove；
Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is many due to result, if being allowed to growth, then there will be fruit size uneven, and sub-quality products is many, therefore should carry out flower and fruit thinning,
Each branch stays 6 fruits.
(5) gather
Can pluck when fruit more than 1/3 reddens；Should gently pluck when gathering and put down gently, without fruit end when plucking, in case fruit in Zhuan Yun
Mutually it is wounded by stabbing.
The preparation method of above-mentioned nursery soil is as follows: a, weigh the raw material of following weight (kilogram): a, peat soil 24, red jade
Soil 12, deer natural pond soil 10, sea mud 8, chicken manure 18, plant straw powder 10, bagasse 12, wood sawdust 8, rice chaff ash 6, coconut palm
Shell powder 4, cinder 3, Vermiculitum 20, haydites of book structure 16, carbamide 3, calcium superphosphate 2；B, take Vermiculitum, perlite add concentration
It is in the hydrochloric acid solution of 10%, heating in water bath to 70 DEG C, it is incubated 2 hours, takes out and be washed to neutrality, dry, 850 DEG C of calcinings
2 hours, it is cooled to room temperature, stand-by；C, take chicken manure, plant straw powder, wood sawdust, rice chaff ash, coconut shell flour, bagasse,
Cinder mix homogeneously, piles up in heaps, then by carbamide and calcium superphosphate mix homogeneously, converts 100 times amount water and makes solution, uniformly
Be sprinkling upon on heap, naturally place after 36h, add 5% 120 times of EM probiotic bacteria diluents of addition of mixing doses, be sufficiently stirred for
Uniformly, windrow water content control is 60%, and through fermentation in 8 days, temperature reached to stir once when 60 DEG C, and adding up 2 times can be complete
Become fermentation；D, the fermented product of above-mentioned gained is mixed homogeneously with remaining raw material, obtain nursery soil.
The preparation method of above-mentioned slow-release pesticidal granule is as follows: a, weigh the raw material of following weight (kilogram): Maifanitum 30, sea
Afrodite 18, kieselguhr 12, sodium tripolyphosphate 6, Herba et Flos Pyrethri Cinerariifolii 3, Folium firmianae 2, citrus seeds 1.5, the Radix Stemonae 3, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 2,
Pieris 1.5, Folium pterocaryae stenopterae 3, Ramulus Luffae 1.5, Cortex Meliae 2, Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae 2, plant ash 10, polyvinyl alcohol 8, carboxymethyl are fine
Dimension element 5, sodium alginate 4；B, take Maifanitum and meerschaum mix homogeneously, calcine 2 hours, put after being cooled to room temperature for 740 DEG C
Enter in the hydrogen peroxide solution that concentration is 20% and soak 1 hour, take out and be washed to neutrality, dry, calcine 1 hour for 930 DEG C, cold
But to room temperature, pulverize, cross 100 mesh sieves, stand-by；C, take Herba et Flos Pyrethri Cinerariifolii, Folium firmianae, citrus seeds, the Radix Stemonae, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis,
Pieris, Folium pterocaryae stenopterae, Ramulus Luffae, Cortex Meliae, Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae mix homogeneously, add the water of 8 times amount, decocts and extracts 55 minutes, mistake
Filter, filtering residue adds the water of 6 times amount again, decocts and extracts 35 minutes, filters, and merges decoction liquor, concentrates, and lyophilization becomes powder,
Stand-by；The powder that d, powder step b prepared prepare with step c is mixed homogeneously, and adds kieselguhr and sodium tripolyphosphate,
Stirring 15 minutes, wet granulation, particle diameter is 1.5mm, dries, stand-by；E, take polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sea
Sodium alginate mix homogeneously, adds 3 times amount water, and heating in water bath to 75 DEG C also under agitation adds plant ash, after stirring
The particle surface that even application prepares in step d, dries, gets product.
Use the Fructus Lycopersici esculenti that above-mentioned implantation methods plants out compared with the Fructus Lycopersici esculenti that traditional method plants out, have the advantage that
As seen from the above table, compared with traditional cultivation method, implantation methods Fructus Lycopersici esculenti per mu yield of the present invention improves 42.1%, disease pest
Evil incidence rate reduces 88.1%, and the Tomato Quality that plantation is out is good, safety nuisance free, low input, and high production is profitable,
Income and the enthusiasm for production at plantation family can be greatly improved, be suitable for large-scale promotion.
Claims (1)
1. the implantation methods of a Fructus Lycopersici esculenti, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
(1) selection of kind
Select that growing way is strong, not senilism, extra-high product, resistance to high light, high temperature resistance, humidity, high resistance to bacterial wilt, kind that quality is fabulous；
(2) nurturing staff
1. bask seeds, soak seed, accelerating germination
Seed is shone under the sun 2-3 days breaking dormancies；It is then placed in the warm water of 50-55 DEG C, it is stirred continuously to 20-25 DEG C, soak seed and pull out for 10-15 minute, place in 1% potassium permanganate solution and soak 15-20 minute, filter with gauze pocket, tie bag mouth, put into water is cleaned and become clear to water, be then placed in 20-25 DEG C of water seed soaking 3-4 hour, pull out and drain, accelerating germination reaches more than 60% to the rate of showing money or valuables one carries unintentionally, and waits to broadcast；
2. sow
Select late January in early spring-sowing in February, with small bamboo spike, the soil in the middle of seedling-growing container is loosened, the most each seedling-growing container central authorities program request accelerating germination seed 1-2 grain, cover nursery soil thickness 1-1.5 centimetre, cover mulch film, when 1 leaf 1 heart, thinning in time is filled the gaps with seedlings, it is ensured that each seedling-growing container has a young plant；
3. seedling management
Within after planting 3-5 days, can emerge, seedling management is mainly the control of temperature and illumination；
A, the seedbed management of sowing to period of emerging
Bed temperature controls in temperature 25-28 DEG C in daytime, night temperature 15-18 DEG C；Not taking off film before emerging, window and leak informaton, plumelet starts to push up soil when emerging, if because earthing is the thinnest, finds top shell phenomenon, should earthing 1 time the most again；
B, the seedbed management to point Seedling of emerging
After the two panels cotyledon of seedling is sufficiently spread out, to suitably reduce bed temperature, control daytime at 20-25 DEG C, night 10-15 DEG C, in case excessive growth；Before point Seedling 4-6 days, the temperature relatively low for adapting to point seedbed, improve the survival rate after transplanting, promote slow Seedling, bed temperature reduces 2-3 DEG C again；
Index of The Healthy Seedlings is 6-7 sheet leaf, seedling age 60-70 days, and 20-25 centimetre high, 60%-70% flowering flower bud；
(3) wholely, fertilising, field planting
Previous crops Oryza sativa L., Herba Alii fistulosi Bulbus Allii, beans and melon vegetables should be selected tomato planting or do not planted the place of Solanaceae peanut soybean Semen Sesami Radix Raphani crop, to carry out ploughing deeply winter icepro after previous crops results to sun the earth which has been ploughed up, rake spring and do furrow, high bedding cultivation, furrow width 1.4-1.8m, wherein furrow width 0.3-0.5m, ditch depth 0.2-0.3m；Base manure is used sufficient before field planting, mu executes high-quality decomposed dung 2000-3000 kilogram, plant ash 200-250 kilogram, calcium superphosphate 50-80 kilogram, slow-release pesticidal granule 14-18 kilogram, furrow face uniformly it is sprinkling upon after mixing, and be sufficiently mixed with soil, then hug flat, in high furrow both sides field planting ditch, execute 200-300 kilogram or NPK compound fertilizer of high-quality well-rotted farmyard manure 20-25 kilogram；Two row are planted, seeding row spacing 40-50 cm x 25-35 centimetre, and mu plants 1500-2000 strain；Select cloudy day field planting in afternoon, drench foot and determine root water；
(4) field management
1. topdress
Starting to topdress after field planting growing situation is recovered, i.e. start to topdress in 1 week after field planting, every 8-10 days, amount of urea every mu of every time topdressing before result did not exceeded 5 kilograms；After the 1st fringe fruit is expanded, Mu Shi NPK compound fertilizer 50-80 kilogram or high-quality are become thoroughly decomposed fecaluria 400-500 kilogram, pour with water；To the 2nd 3 fringe fruit expand time, Mu Shi NPK compound fertilizer 15-20 kilogram, manuring late is to ensure the needs that the 4th 56 fringe fruit is constantly grown up；
2. water management
When watering, should be preferably by strain pouring, pour water in the full field of few employing；To pour water, should carry out between the lights, and be advisable with horse race water, i.e. drain after furrow ditch stops 1-2 hour, keep ground moistening；Easily cause bacterial wilt to propagate owing to pouring water, therefore should use less；
3. ridging and weeding
Earth up 2-3 time, and combine fertilizing and weeding and carry out；Weeds ridging covers, and hinders root with reduce that uprooting weed causes；
4. built with tie up climing
When Fructus Lycopersici esculenti length is to 30-40 centimetre high, make support, every strain 1 pole with bamboo pole, often give birth to 2-3 sheet leaf and i.e. use plastic ties climing bondage on bamboo pole；
5. training is pinched and flower and fruit thinning
Going alone training and only stay a trunk, other side shoots grown all remove；Double dry trainings are then in addition to retaining trunk, then retain the side shoot that under the 1st inflorescence, the 1st axil is extracted out, and other side shoots all remove；
Fructus Lycopersici esculenti is many due to result, if being allowed to growth, then there will be fruit size uneven, and sub-quality products is many, therefore should carry out flower and fruit thinning, and each branch stays 5-7 fruit；
(5) gather
Can pluck when fruit more than 1/3 reddens；Should gently pluck when gathering and put down gently, without fruit end when plucking, in case fruit is mutually wounded by stabbing in Zhuan Yun；
The preparation method of described slow-release pesticidal granule is as follows: a, weigh the raw material of following weight portion: Maifanitum 25-35, meerschaum 15-20, kieselguhr 10-15, sodium tripolyphosphate 4-8, Herba et Flos Pyrethri Cinerariifolii 2-3, Folium firmianae 1.5-2.5, citrus seeds 1-2, Radix Stemonae 3-4, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis 2-3, pieris 1-2, Folium pterocaryae stenopterae 2.5-3.5, Ramulus Luffae 1-2, Cortex Meliae 2-3, Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae 1-2, plant ash 8-12, polyvinyl alcohol 5-10, carboxymethyl cellulose 4-6, sodium alginate 3-5；B, take Maifanitum and meerschaum mix homogeneously, calcine 2-3 hour for 720-760 DEG C, put into after being cooled to room temperature in the hydrogen peroxide solution that concentration is 15-20% and soak 1-2 hour, take out and be washed to neutrality, dry, calcine 1-2 hour, be cooled to room temperature for 910-940 DEG C, pulverize, cross 100-150 mesh sieve, stand-by；C, take Herba et Flos Pyrethri Cinerariifolii, Folium firmianae, citrus seeds, the Radix Stemonae, Radix Sophorae Flavescentis, pieris, Folium pterocaryae stenopterae, Ramulus Luffae, Cortex Meliae, Herba Euphorbiae Helioscopiae mix homogeneously, add the water of 5-10 times amount, decocting and extract 50-60 minute, filter, filtering residue adds the water of 4-8 times amount again, decoct and extract 30-40 minute, filter, merge decoction liquor, concentrate, lyophilization becomes powder, stand-by；The powder that d, powder step b prepared prepare with step c is mixed homogeneously, and adds kieselguhr and sodium tripolyphosphate, stirs 10-15 minute, wet granulation, and particle diameter is 1-2mm, dries, stand-by；E, taking polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose, sodium alginate mix homogeneously, add 2-4 times amount water, heating in water bath is to 70-80 DEG C and under agitation adds plant ash, stirs the particle surface that rear even application prepares in step d, dries, gets product.
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