CN113924928A

CN113924928A - Method for preventing and controlling weeds in peony field

Info

Publication number: CN113924928A
Application number: CN202111230894.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨霞; 付佑胜; 李永丰
Original assignee: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Current assignee: Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences
Priority date: 2021-10-22
Filing date: 2021-10-22
Publication date: 2022-01-14
Anticipated expiration: 2041-10-22
Also published as: CN113924928B

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural crop weeding, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and controlling weeds in a peony field. The method for preventing and controlling weeds in the peony field comprises the steps of interplanting corn among peony planting lines, returning corn straws to the field and covering the peony planting field after the corn is mature. The method provided by the invention can reduce the usage amount of pesticides, control weeds in the peony field, improve the land utilization rate of the peony production area and increase the economic benefit of unit area.

Description

Method for preventing and controlling weeds in peony field

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural crop weeding, and particularly relates to a method for preventing and controlling weeds in a peony field.

Background

The peony is a perennial herbaceous plant, is a large amount of Chinese medicinal materials, underground tubers can be used as the Chinese medicinal materials, but the growth cycle is long, the Chinese medicinal materials can be harvested generally for 4-5 years, the land occupation is large, the growth vigorous period is short, the soil is exposed at the beginning of 3 months, the Chinese medicinal materials are withered and yellow in late 5 months, weeds grow in the whole year, and the production management is extremely complicated.

Weeds in the peony field directly affect soil cultivation, sowing modes, crop yield and quality, and further affect field benefits of peony production. Therefore, the effective prevention and control of peony weeds is an important link for the efficient production of peony.

Since the last 40 th century developed the use of 2,4-D as a herbicide, the traditional farming regime of world agriculture has revolutionized fundamentally. The development of chemical herbicides has made a significant contribution to world agriculture. However, since the herbicide mainly selectively kills weeds without harming crops, the difficulty of screening the herbicide is undoubtedly increased, and most of the herbicides are chemical agents, which can seriously affect the surrounding environment when in use. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method for controlling weeds in the peony field, so as to reduce the usage amount of pesticides and control weeds in the peony field.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a method for preventing and controlling weeds in a peony field, which reduces the usage amount of pesticides, controls weeds in the peony field, improves the land utilization rate of a peony production area, and increases the economic benefit of a unit area.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the invention provides a method for preventing and controlling weeds in a peony field, which comprises the following steps:

corn is intercropped between peony planting lines, and after the corn is ripe, the corn straw is returned to the field to cover the peony planting field.

Preferably, the mode of interplanting corns among the peony planting lines comprises alternating crop lines and empty lines, 1 line is empty in every 5 lines of crops, each 5 lines of crops comprises 3 lines of peony and 2 lines of corns, and the peony lines and the corn lines alternate in every 5 lines of crops.

Preferably, the distance between the outermost peony row and the empty row in every 5 rows of crops; the spacing between the Chinese herbaceous peony plants in the crop row is 30cm, and the distance between adjacent Chinese herbaceous peony lines is 60-75 cm;

the row spacing of the corns in the crop rows is 30cm, and the distance between every two adjacent corn rows is 60-75 cm.

Preferably, the row spacing of the Chinese herbaceous peony and the corn in the crop row is 30-37.5 cm.

Preferably, the corn interplanting mode comprises the step of sowing corn seeds, wherein the sowing depth is 3-5 cm.

Preferably, when the corn variety is sweet corn or waxy corn, the sowing time of the corn is 7 months, 5 days to 8 months and 15 days, and the sowing time of the corn varieties except the sweet corn and the waxy corn is 7 months, 5 days to 7 months and 10 days.

Preferably, after the corn is intercropped, the method also comprises the steps of thinning and final singling the corn in sequence;

the thinning time is 2 leaves to 3 leaves of corn, and the final singling time is 4 leaves to 5 leaves of corn.

Preferably, before the corn is ripe, the method further comprises the steps of carrying out primary topdressing and secondary topdressing on the corn;

the time of the first top dressing is 8 leaves and 1 heart of the corn, and the time of the second top dressing is a large bellmouth period of the corn.

Preferably, the first top application is 2 kg-3 kg/667m²Pure nitrogen; 6 kg-8 kg/667m of the second topdressing²Pure nitrogen.

Preferably, after returning the corn straws to the field to cover the peony planting field and until the peony is mature, repeating the steps of interplanting the corn among the peony planting lines and returning the corn straws to the field to cover the peony planting field.

The invention provides a method for preventing and controlling weeds in a peony field, which comprises the following steps: corn is intercropped between peony planting lines, and after the corn is ripe, the corn straw is returned to the field to cover the peony planting field. According to the method, the corns are interplanted in the vacant land of the peony field, and the light-shielding property of the corns and the straw coverage after the corns are harvested are utilized for returning to the field, so that weeds in the peony field can be controlled, manual weeding is reduced, the usage amount of pesticides in the peony planting area is effectively reduced, and the quality and the yield of the peony are improved; in addition, the grain crop corn is intercropped, so that the economic income can be increased, the planting risk of the traditional Chinese medicinal materials is reduced, meanwhile, the corn straw coverage also has the effects of preserving soil moisture and increasing soil fertility, the economic benefit of unit area is increased, and the land utilization rate of the peony production area is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below.

FIGS. 1-2 are schematic diagrams of an interplanting cultivation pattern of peony-corn according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 shows the growth of example 1 peony and maize in 2019, 8 months and 2 days;

FIG. 4 shows the growth of example 6 peony and maize in 2019, 8 months and 2 days;

FIG. 5 shows the growth of example 4 peony and maize in 2019, 10 months and 8 days;

FIG. 6 shows the growth of example 9 peony and maize in 2019, 8, 15 days;

FIG. 7 shows the growth of comparative example 1 peony in 2019, 8 months and 2 days;

FIG. 8 shows the weed growth condition of comparative example 1 in a planting area without interplanting corn group and peony in 2019, 12 months and 10 days;

FIG. 9 shows the weed growth condition of comparative example 2 in 2019, 12 months and 10 days in the invention when wheat straws are used for covering a peony planting area.

Detailed Description

In the invention, corn is intercropped among peony planting rows according to the planting mode shown in fig. 1, specifically, the mode of interplanting peony and corn includes alternately planting crop rows and empty rows, each 5 rows of crops are planted with 1 empty row, each 5 rows of crops include 3 rows of peony and 2 rows, and the peony and corn are planted alternately in rows. As shown in figure 1 and figure 2, in every 5 rows of crops, the Chinese herbaceous peony rows and the corn rows are alternately planted, and the distance between the adjacent Chinese herbaceous peony rows (as shown by L1 in figure 2) is preferably 60-75 cm, and is further preferably 65-70 cm; the distance between adjacent corn rows (as shown by L2 in FIG. 2) is preferably 60-75 cm, and more preferably 65-70 cm; the distance between the rows of the white peony plants and the rows of the corn plants (as shown by L3 in FIG. 2) is preferably 30 to 37.5cm, and more preferably 32 to 35 cm. The distance between the outermost row of the peony and the empty row (as shown in D in FIG. 2) in every 5 rows of the crops is preferably 60-75 cm, and more preferably 65-70 cm. The distance between the left and right peony rows of the empty row is preferably 120-150 cm, and more preferably 130-140 cm. In the invention, the plant spacing of the peony planting row is preferably 30cm, and the plant spacing of the corn planting row is preferably 30 cm. The peony is preferably white peony root.

Before planting the peony and interplanting the corn, the invention preferably performs soil preparation on a peony planting area and a corn planting area respectively and applies a base fertilizer. In the invention, the soil preparation mode of the peony planting area preferably comprises the steps of digging an inclined ditch with the depth of 25 cm-28 cm in the peony planting row, compacting the soil of the inclined plane, and planting the peony on the inclined plane ridge soil. The inclined plane of the invention preferably forms an angle of 35-40 degrees with the ground. In the invention, the mode of soil preparation of the corn planting area is preferably shallow rotation.

The invention preferably applies base fertilizers to the peony planting area and the corn planting area respectively. The application amount of the base fertilizer for the peony planting area is preferably 15000kg/hm²～22500kg/hm²More preferably 18000kg/hm²～22000kg/hm²More preferably 20000kg/hm²～21000kg/hm². The application amount of the base fertilizer for the corn planting area is preferably 375kg/hm²～450kg/hm²More preferably 400kg/hm²～425kg/hm². The invention has no strict requirement on the source of the base fertilizer applied to the peony planting area and the corn planting area, the source of the base fertilizer of the peony planting area can be the same as or different from that of the base fertilizer of the corn planting area, and the fertilizer used for peony planting and corn planting can be used. For example, decomposed compost, oil meal or animal manure can be used in the peony planting area, organic fertilizer can be applied to the corn planting area, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are reasonably applied, nitrogen fertilizer is prevented from being applied partially, and leaf fertilizer containing various effective components such as potassium, zinc, silicon and stress-resistant inducing substances is preferably applied. The composts of the present invention preferably comprise composted cow dung. The mode of composting is preferably high-temperature fermentation after film covering. The method has no strict requirements on the temperature and time of fermentation, and can be carried out by conventional operation.

The invention preferably plants the Chinese herbaceous peony on the ridge soil in the middle ten days of 8 months to 9 months,and applying winter fertilizer after the peony is planted in the current year of frost. The application amount of the winter fertilizer is preferably 150kg/hm²～225kg/hm²More preferably 175kg/hm²～200kg/hm². When the winter fertilizer is applied, the nitrogenous fertilizer, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer are applied in a matching way. The winter fertilizer is preferably consistent with a base fertilizer applied to a peony planting area, and decomposed compost is preferably used.

The corn is preferably not intercropped in the current year of planting the Chinese herbaceous peony, and the corn is intercropped between Chinese herbaceous peony planting lines from the second year of planting the Chinese herbaceous peony. When the corn is intercropped, the corn seeds are sown according to the planting mode described by the figure 1 and the figure 2. The sowing mode preferably comprises manual hole sowing, and the sowing depth is preferably 3-5 cm. The invention has no strict requirements on the variety of the corn, and the quality of the corn seeds meets the regulation of GB 4404.1. The invention can harvest the 4 th year of the peony after corn intercropping between the peony planting lines for two consecutive years, and no weed is generated during the growth period of the peony.

When the present invention is used for sowing corn seeds, it is preferable to determine the sowing time according to the variety of corn. When the corn variety is sweet corn or waxy corn, the sowing time of the corn is preferably 7 months, 5 days to 8 months and 15 days. The sweet corn is preferably the Jinzhongyu, and the waxy corn is preferably the color sweet waxy No. 6.

When the variety of the corn of the invention is other corn varieties except sweet corn or waxy corn, the sowing time of the corn is preferably 7 months and 5 days to 7 months and 10 days. Other corn varieties of the present invention preferably include Zhengdan 958, the suyu series, which preferably includes suyu 23. In the embodiment of the invention, the corn varieties interplanted in each row can be the same or different.

According to the invention, corn is interplanted in the vacant field of the peony field, and the corn has an interception effect on light, so that the shade of weeds is increased, and the generation of the weeds can be inhibited.

The peony is planted, and after corn is intercropped among planting lines, the peony and the corn are preferably respectively subjected to field management. In the present invention, the field management of the peony preferably includes cultivation, fertilization management and moisture management.

The time of intertillage in the invention is preferably 2-3 months in the second year after the peony is planted. The invention has no strict requirements on deep ploughing and weeding, digs and seals soil, does not damage the peony bud body, and does not lead the bud tip to be exposed on the soil surface too early, for example, a hand-push tractor can be used for deep ploughing once before the peony buds sprout or artificial deep hoeing once in spring. The invention can be used for intertillage during the growth period of the Chinese herbaceous peony, can keep soil loose and reduce the generation of weeds.

The fertilization management preferably comprises topdressing in 2-4 years of planting the Chinese herbaceous peony every year. Specifically, in the 2 nd year of planting the Chinese herbaceous peony, the Chinese herbaceous peony is preferably subjected to top dressing for 4 times, and the first top dressing is preferably performed on a compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer in 2-3 months. When the compound fertilizer is applied, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is preferably 450kg/hm²(ii) a When the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied in the invention, the application amount of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is preferably 300kg/hm². The invention carries out intertillage while topdressing for the first time, and achieves the purposes of loosening the soil and weeding. The invention has no strict requirement on the cultivation mode and can be carried out conventionally. The second additional fertilizer is preferably a compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer applied for 5 months. When the compound fertilizer is applied, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is preferably 300kg/hm²(ii) a When the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied in the invention, the application amount of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is preferably 225kg/hm². The third topdressing is preferably a topdressing compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer applied before the corn is relay intercropped for 7 months. When the compound fertilizer is applied, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is preferably 300kg/hm²(ii) a When the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied in the invention, the application amount of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is preferably 225kg/hm². The fourth topdressing is preferably a topdressing compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer applied for 11 months. When the compound fertilizer is applied, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is preferably 450kg/hm²(ii) a When the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied in the invention, the application amount of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is preferably 600kg/hm²。

3 rd for planting peonyIn the year, the invention preferably carries out top dressing on the Chinese herbaceous peony for 4 times, and the first top dressing and the second top dressing are respectively carried out for 3 months and 5 months. And respectively applying a compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the first topdressing and the second topdressing. When the compound fertilizer is applied, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is preferably 600kg/hm²(ii) a When the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied in the invention, the application amount of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is preferably 450kg/hm². The third topdressing is preferably the compound fertilizer or the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer applied before the corn is relay intercropped for 7 months, and the fertilization condition is the same as the condition of applying the topdressing for the third time in the 2 nd year of the peony planting. The fourth topdressing is preferably a compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer applied in 11 months, and the specific fertilization condition is the same as the first topdressing in the same year.

In 4 years of planting the Chinese herbaceous peony, the Chinese herbaceous peony is preferably subjected to top dressing for 2 times, wherein the first top dressing and the second top dressing are respectively carried out in 3 and 5 middle months. And respectively applying a compound fertilizer or a nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer to the first topdressing and the second topdressing. When the compound fertilizer is applied, the application amount of the compound fertilizer is preferably 600kg/hm²(ii) a When the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is applied in the invention, the application amount of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is preferably 450kg/hm²。

In the invention, the mass ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is preferably 15:15:15 when topdressing is carried out every year in 2-4 years of planting the Chinese herbaceous peony. In the process of planting the Chinese herbaceous peony every year, the 0.3% potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution is sprayed on the leaf surfaces of the Chinese herbaceous peony for 1 to 2 times preferably in the vigorous growth period of the Chinese herbaceous peony, namely 5 to 6 months every year by adopting an unmanned aerial vehicle or an electric sprayer. The method can increase the yield of the peony seeds by spraying the potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution in the vigorous growth period of the peony.

The invention has no strict requirements on the sources of the compound fertilizer and the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, and can be obtained by purchasing. In the embodiment of the invention, the compound fertilizer is preferably purchased from Shijiazhuang nongxing fertilizer industry Co., Ltd, and the NPK compound fertilizer is preferably purchased from Selt fertilizer industry Co., Ltd, Anhui province.

In the planting process of the Chinese herbaceous peony, all flower buds are removed preferably from late 7 to early 8 months of each year in the bud stage of the Chinese herbaceous peony.

The invention has no strict requirement on the water management mode, and the redundant accumulated water can be cleared in time

In the field management of the corn, the corn is preferably subjected to thinning, final singling, fertilization management and weeding in sequence.

After the corn is intercropped, the corn is preferably thinned and fixed. The time of thinning is preferably 2 leaves to 3 leaves of corn, and the time of final singling is preferably 4 leaves to 5 leaves of corn. In the invention, weak seedlings, small seedlings and mixed seedlings are removed during final singling, the seedlings are ensured to be complete, neat, uniform and strong, single corn is preferably kept, and the sizes of the corn seedlings in rows are ensured to be consistent. If single corn seedlings can not be reserved between two corn seedlings, two corn seedlings are reserved on two sides of the seedling lack.

The fertilization management of the corn preferably comprises the steps of carrying out primary topdressing and secondary topdressing on the corn before the corn is mature. The time of the first top dressing is preferably 2 kg-3 kg/667m when the time of the first top dressing is 1 heart of 8 leaves of corn²Pure nitrogen. The time of the second top dressing is preferably in a large bell mouth period of the corn, and the second top dressing is applied for 6 kg-8 kg/667m²Pure nitrogen.

When the corn is castrated and the corn is in the spinning period, the invention preferably selects to apply the kernel fertilizer according to the color of the corn leaves, in particular to apply 75 kg-112.5 kg/667m when the corn leaves fade²Otherwise, the operation is not carried out. The invention has no strict requirement on the source of the flower-grain fertilizer and can be purchased.

In the corn planting process, the water management mode is not strictly required, and redundant accumulated water is timely removed.

After the corns are ripe, the corns are preferably harvested, branches and leaves of the Chinese herbaceous peony are cut off, soil in the front of the Chinese herbaceous peony roots is scraped, and after roots are exposed, fibrous roots on main roots are removed. And (4) cutting lateral roots for planting while reserving full root buds, and then fertilizing and ridging according to the fertilizing mode.

According to the invention, the corn straws are preferably returned to the field to cover the peony planting field, the corn straws and compounds degraded after the corn straws are rotten have an inhibiting effect on weeds, the generation of annual and perennial weeds in the peony planting area can be further inhibited, in particular, gramineous weeds and broadleaf weeds can be inhibited, and the inhibiting effect on barnyard grass, Eleusine indica, Digitaria sanguinalis, Portulaca oleracea, Amaranthus retroflexus, ecliptatroflora and Veronica officinalis is better, so that the pesticide usage amount in the peony planting area is effectively reduced, and the quality and the yield of the peony are improved. In addition, the method improves the income of growers, increases the economic benefit of unit area and improves the land utilization rate of peony production areas by interplanting the grain crop corn.

After returning the corn straws to the field to cover the peony planting field until the peony is mature, preferably repeating the steps of interplanting corn among peony planting lines and returning the corn straws to the field to cover the peony planting field; during the growth period of the Chinese herbaceous peony, corn is intercropped on Chinese herbaceous peony planting rows every year, and corn straws are returned to the field to cover the Chinese herbaceous peony planting field after the corn is ripe. In the invention, the corn interplanting is repeated for a year, and the mode of corn interplanting is consistent with the technical scheme and is not repeated; for example, it is preferable to perform fertilization management, seeding relay intercropping, thinning, final singling, etc. on the peony planting area and the corn planting area in the aforementioned manner.

For further explanation of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention will be provided with reference to the drawings and examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.

Example 1

1. Selection of cultivation site and variety

1.1 cultivation site: the method comprises the following steps of taking Zhangjian tiger base of a Chenjian Baiyao county Chen, Huaian city, Jiangsu province as a cultivation land, wherein the size of the cultivation land is 5 mu;

1.2 peony species: white peony species (Paeonia Paeitipilor Pall);

1.3 corn variety: color sweet glutinous No. 6;

2. planting Paeonia lactiflora and planting corn

The 8 th-25 th day in 2.12018,digging an inclined ditch which forms an angle of 35 degrees with the ground and has the depth of 25cm according to the row spacing of planted plants of 30cm multiplied by 60cm, compacting the soil of the inclined ditch, and carrying out close planting on the prepared ridge soil according to the standard that the plant spacing is 30 cm. Deeply ploughing before planting the peony, fully decomposing and composting according to 15000kg/hm²Applying base fertilizer, and applying winter fertilizer for 1 time after frost.

2.22019, 7 months and 8 days, applying 450kg/hm on the corn cultivation land²Applying a base fertilizer, and interplanting No. 6 sweet glutinous rice among rows of Chinese herbaceous peony plants by adopting an artificial hole sowing mode within 7-10 days in 2019, wherein the sowing depth is 3cm, specifically, 2 rows of corn are interplanted among every 3 rows of Chinese herbaceous peony, the row spacing between adjacent Chinese herbaceous peony and corn is 30cm, the plant spacing of corn is 30cm, and the corn rows are not connected (as shown in figure 1, the cultivation mode is that Chinese herbaceous peony-corn-empty row-Chinese herbaceous peony circulation is carried out).

3. Management of field

3.1 weeding and loosening the soil

And in the second year after the Chinese herbaceous peony is planted, namely, 2 months and 16 days after 2019, deep ploughing is carried out once before the Chinese herbaceous peony is germinated by adopting a hand-push type tractor, and soil is excavated and sealed, so that bud bodies are prevented from being damaged, and bud tips are prevented from being exposed on the surface of the soil too early.

3.2 intercropping and fixing of maize seedlings

Interplanting corn, thinning at 2 leaves, and final singling at 4 leaves. Weak seedlings, small seedlings and mixed seedlings are removed during final singling, the seedlings are ensured to be complete, neat, uniform and strong, single plants are remained, and the sizes of the seedlings are ensured to be consistent. If the seedling is lacking between two plants, two plants can be left on both sides of the seedling lacking.

3.3 Paeonia lactiflora field fertilization management

23 days 2 months in 2019, and 450kg/hm of compound fertilizer is applied in hole²(ii) a In 2019, 5 months and 12 days, compound fertilizer is applied in hole at 300kg/hm²(ii) a Spraying 0.3 percent potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution according to 30 liters of water consumption per mu in 2019, 6 months and 10 days; in 2019, 7 months and 4 days, compound fertilizer is applied in hole at 300kg/hm²(ii) a In 2019, 11 months and 10 days, compound fertilizer is applied in holes at a rate of 600kg/hm²。

20 days 3 and 20 months in 2020, and 450kg/hm of compound fertilizer is applied in hole²(ii) a In 2020, 5 and 11 days, compound fertilizer of 450kg/hm is applied in hole²(ii) a Spraying 0.3 percent potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution according to 30 liters of water consumption per mu in 6-15 days in 2020; 2020 year, 7 months and 6 days, and hole-application of 300kg/hm compound fertilizer²(ii) a In 2020, 11 months and 13 days, compound fertilizer is applied in hole at a rate of 600kg/hm²。

In 2021, 3 months and 24 days, compound fertilizer is applied in holes at a rate of 600kg/hm²(ii) a In 2021, 5 months and 14 days, compound fertilizer is applied in holes at a rate of 600kg/hm²(ii) a Spraying 0.3 percent potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution according to 30 liters of water consumption per mu in 18 days 6 months in 2020.

3.4 corn field fertilization management

Applying pure nitrogen 2kg/667m when corn has eight leaves and one heart²(ii) a When the corn is in a large horn mouth, 6kg/667m of pure nitrogen is applied²And spraying 0.3 percent potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution and 20L of 20 percent chlorantraniliprole WDG7g for preventing and controlling the corn borers per mu.

3.5 moisture management

And in rainy seasons, redundant water in the peony and corn fields is removed in time.

3.6 other management

Removing all buds in bud emergence periods of the Chinese herbaceous peony in 7-20 days in 2019, 7-30 days in 2020 and 14 days in 8-2021, respectively, cleaning dead branches and residual leaves in a plot from winter to spring in the next year, intensively destroying the dead branches and residual leaves, cutting off Chinese herbaceous peony branches and leaves 5cm away from the ground after harvesting corns, digging off soil in the front of the Chinese herbaceous peony roots, and wiping off fibrous roots on main roots after exposing the roots. Cutting lateral roots for planting while reserving full root buds, then fertilizing, covering soil, clearing furrows and ridging.

4. Covering corn stalks

And (3) covering the surface of the ground with corn straws after harvesting corns in 20 days in 10 months in 2019 and 22 days in 10 months in 2020, and planting the corns according to the step 2.2 in the next year.

Example 2

The method is the same as example 1, except that in step 2.22019, 7 months and 15 days, a mode of artificial hole sowing is adopted, and colorful sweet glutinous No. 6 is interplanted among peony planting rows.

Example 3

The method is the same as example 1, except that in step 2.22019, 7 months and 20 days, a mode of artificial hole sowing is adopted, and colorful sweet glutinous No. 6 is interplanted among peony planting rows.

Example 4

The method is the same as example 1, except that in step 2.22019, 7 months and 25 days, a mode of artificial hole sowing is adopted, and colorful sweet glutinous No. 6 is interplanted among peony planting rows.

Example 5

The difference is that the color sweet glutinous rice No. 6 is replaced by the gold jade in the same example 1.

Example 6

The method is the same as the example 1, except that the golden Zhongyu is interplanted among the peony planting rows in the manual hole sowing mode in the step of 2.22019, 7 months and 15 days.

Example 7

The method is the same as example 1, except that in step 2.22019, 7 months and 20 days, a manual hole sowing mode is adopted to interplant the Jinzhongyu among the peony planting rows.

Example 8

The method is the same as example 1, except that in step 2.22019, 7 months and 25 days, a manual hole sowing mode is adopted to interplant the Jinzhongyu among the peony planting rows.

Example 9

The difference from example 1 is that Zhengdan 958 was substituted for Luotan No. 6.

Example 10

The method is the same as example 1, except that in step 2.22019, 7 months and 15 days, Zheng 958 is interplanted among peony planting rows by means of artificial hole sowing.

Example 11

The difference from example 1 is that suyu 23 is used instead of luscious 6.

Example 12

The method is the same as example 1, except that in step 2.22019, 7 months and 15 days, the suyu 23 is interplanted among the peony planting rows in an artificial hole sowing mode.

Example 13

The same as example 1, except that step 2.1 was carried out in accordance with 22500kg/hm²And (4) applying a base fertilizer.

Example 14

The same as example 1, except that step 2.1 is carried out in accordance with 20000kg/hm²And (4) applying a base fertilizer.

Example 15

Same as example 1, except that step 3.2 was carried out for thinning at 3 leaves of maize

Example 16

The same as example 1, except that step 3.2 was carried out for the case of maize 5 leaves.

Example 17

The difference from example 1 is that in step 3.3, the compound fertilizer is replaced by a ternary compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15), specifically:

in 23.2.2019, 300kg/hm of ternary compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15) is applied in holes²(ii) a In 2019, 5 months and 12 days, 225kg/hm of ternary compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15) is applied in holes²(ii) a Spraying 0.3 percent potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution according to 30 liters of water consumption per mu in 2019, 6 months and 10 days; in 2019, 7 months and 4 days, 225kg/hm of ternary compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15) is applied in holes²(ii) a In 2019, 11 months and 10 days, 450kg/hm of ternary compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15) is applied in holes²。

Hole-application compound fertilizer 450kg/hm²(ii) a Hole-application compound fertilizer 450kg/hm²(ii) a Hole-application compound fertilizer 300kg/hm²(ii) a Hole-applied compound fertilizer 600kg/hm²。

Hole-applied compound fertilizer 600kg/hm²(ii) a Hole-applied compound fertilizer 600kg/hm²；

20 days 3 months in 2020, 450kg/hm of ternary compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15) is applied in holes²(ii) a In 11 months 5 in 2020, 450kg/hm of ternary compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15) is applied in holes²(ii) a Spraying 0.3 percent potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution according to 30 liters of water consumption per mu in 6-15 days in 2020; 6 months 7 in 2020, 225kg/hm of ternary compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15) is applied in holes²(ii) a In 11-13 months of 2020, 450kg/hm of ternary compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15) is applied in hole²。

In 2021, 3 months and 24 days, hole-applying ternary compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15)450kg/hm²(ii) a In 2021, 5 months and 14 days, hole-applying ternary compound fertilizer (N: P: K is 15:15:15)450kg/hm²(ii) a Spraying 0.3 percent potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution according to 30 liters of water consumption per mu in 18 days 6 months in 2020.

Comparative example 1

The difference from example 1 is that no corn was interplanted and no treatment was performed.

Comparative example 2

The method is similar to the method in the embodiment 1, the corn is not interplanted, and the wheat straw is directly covered by 5-8 cm manually while the corn is planted in the embodiment 1.

Test example 1

1.1 check the growth of example 1 and example 6 peony and corn in 2019 on 8/2 days, example 4 peony and corn in 2019 on 10/8 days, example 9 peony and corn in 2019 on 8/15 days, and comparative example 1 peony in 2019 on 8/2 days.

The peony growth conditions of example 1, example 6, example 4, example 9 and comparative example 1 are shown in FIGS. 3-7 respectively. By comparing the proportion of fig. 3-7, the growth of the Chinese herbaceous peony after the corn is interplanted in the Chinese herbaceous peony planting area is not different from that of the Chinese herbaceous peony in the comparison area in the comparative example 1, which shows that the growth of the Chinese herbaceous peony is not influenced by the interplanted corn in the Chinese herbaceous peony planting area.

1.2 in 70d after the corns are planted in the first year in the embodiments 1-12, 1 group of 10 corns are respectively selected, 10 groups are investigated in each embodiment, the weight of the corns is respectively weighed, the fresh weight of a single sweet and waxy corn is calculated, the per mu income is calculated according to the wholesale price of the current market, and the results of the yield and the economic benefit of different corn varieties in different sowing periods are shown in the following table 1.

TABLE 1 yield and economic benefits of different corn varieties planted at different periods

As can be seen from the data in Table 1, the yield per mu of the colored sweet glutinous rice No. 6 is 1156.4-1325.5 yuan, the investment cost is 370 yuan (the labor cost is 60-100 yuan), and the economic benefit of the interplanting of the colored sweet glutinous rice No. 6 in each mu of the peony planting field is increased by 786.4-955.5 yuan; the yield per mu of the golden medium jade is 1248-1440 yuan, the investment cost is 360 yuan (the labor cost is 60-100 yuan), and the economic benefit of interplanting the golden medium jade in each mu of the peony planting field is increased by 888-1080 yuan; the yield per mu of Zhengdan 958 is 540-558 yuan, the investment cost is 300-310 yuan (the labor cost is 60-100 yuan), and the economic benefit of Zhengdan 958 interplanted in each mu of peony planting field is increased by 230-250 yuan; the yield of the perillaceous peony 23 per mu is 549-561.6 yuan, the investment cost is 300-320 yuan (the labor cost is 60-100 yuan), and the economic benefit of interplanting the perillaceous peony 23 in each mu of peony planting land is increased by 229-261.6 yuan. According to the method, the corns are interplanted in the peony planting field, the economic benefit is remarkable, and the utilization rate of the peony planting field is improved.

Test example 2

The weed growth conditions of the peony planting areas in examples 1-12 and comparative example 1 were examined in 12/10/2019, the control test results of weeds treated differently are shown in the following table 2, the weed growth conditions of the peony planting area in comparative example 1 without interplanting corn group are shown in fig. 8, and the weed growth conditions of comparative example 2 with wheat straw covering the peony planting area are shown in fig. 9:

TABLE 2 Effect of different cultivation modes on the growth of weeds in peony plantation

Planting mode	Density of weeds (plants/m)²)	Weed control effect (%)
			Example 1	75	85
Example 2	50	90
			Example 3	75	85
Example 4	50	90
			Example 5	50	90
Example 6	50	90
			Example 7	75	85
Example 8	75	85
			Example 9	100	80
Example 10	100	80
			Example 11	75	85
Example 12	100	80
			Comparative example 1	500	0
Comparative example 2	150	70

Note: weed control (%) 100-density of weeds/control (comparative example 1) density of weeds × 100

As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the method for preventing and controlling weeds in the peony field provided by the invention can effectively prevent and control weeds in the peony production area, the weed control effect is 80-90%, and the method is higher than a mode of covering with straws.

The embodiments can be seen that the method for preventing and controlling weeds in the peony field provided by the invention can reduce the usage amount of pesticides, control weeds in the peony field, improve the land utilization rate of the peony production area, and increase the economic benefit of unit area.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments, and other embodiments can be obtained without inventive step according to the embodiments, and the embodiments are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The method for preventing and controlling weeds in the peony field is characterized by comprising the following steps:

2. The method of claim 1, wherein said pattern of inter-row peony planting and corn interplanting comprises alternating rows of crops and empty rows, 1 row for every 5 rows of crops, 3 rows of peony and 2 rows of corn for every 5 rows of crops, alternating rows of peony and corn for every 5 rows of crops.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the distance between the outermost row of peony and the empty row in every 5 rows of crops is 60-75 cm; the spacing between the Chinese herbaceous peony plants in the crop row is 30cm, and the distance between adjacent Chinese herbaceous peony lines is 60-75 cm;

4. The method of claim 2, wherein the row spacing of the peony and corn in the crop row is 30-37.5 cm.

5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the corn intercropping manner comprises sowing corn seeds at a depth of 3-5 cm.

6. The method of claim 5, wherein when the corn variety is sweet corn or waxy corn, the corn is sown for 5 days in 7 months to 15 days in 8 months, and the corn varieties other than sweet corn and waxy corn are sown for 5 days in 7 months to 10 days in 7 months.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, further comprising, after interplanting the corn, thinning and final singling the corn in sequence;

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein before the corn is matured, the method further comprises performing a first top dressing and a second top dressing on the corn;

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the first topdressing is applied at 2kg to 3kg/667m²Pure nitrogen; 6 kg-8 kg/667m of the second topdressing²Pure nitrogen.

10. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step of interplanting the corn among the peony planting lines and returning the corn stalks to the field to cover the peony planting field is repeated until the peony is mature after returning the corn stalks to the field to cover the peony planting field.