CN107231925B - Planting method for interplanting corn and soybean through drip irrigation - Google Patents
Planting method for interplanting corn and soybean through drip irrigation Download PDFInfo
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- CN107231925B CN107231925B CN201710543871.1A CN201710543871A CN107231925B CN 107231925 B CN107231925 B CN 107231925B CN 201710543871 A CN201710543871 A CN 201710543871A CN 107231925 B CN107231925 B CN 107231925B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G25/00—Watering gardens, fields, sports grounds or the like
- A01G25/02—Watering arrangements located above the soil which make use of perforated pipe-lines or pipe-lines with dispensing fittings, e.g. for drip irrigation
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C23/00—Distributing devices specially adapted for liquid manure or other fertilising liquid, including ammonia, e.g. transport tanks or sprinkling wagons
- A01C23/04—Distributing under pressure; Distributing mud; Adaptation of watering systems for fertilising-liquids
- A01C23/042—Adding fertiliser to watering systems
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
Abstract
The invention discloses a planting method for interplanting corn and soybean by drip irrigation, which comprises the following steps: (1) soil preparation; (2) sowing corn: planting corns at intervals in wide and narrow rows, wherein the width of the wide rows is 85 cm-100 cm, the width of the narrow rows is 60 cm-75 cm, two drip irrigation belts are laid in the narrow rows, and seeding is carried out in a hole sowing mode under a film; (3) sowing soybeans: the soybeans are interplanted in the drip irrigation corn wide rows, a drip irrigation belt is laid in the middle of the drip irrigation corn wide rows, and 1 row of soybeans are respectively sown on the two sides of the drip irrigation belt; (4) performing field management in a seedling stage and a growth stage; (5) and (6) harvesting. The invention has the advantages that: (1) the corn and the soybean respectively obtain higher yield per unit, and the benefit is obvious; (2) the independent water belts are adopted for supplying water, so that respective water and fertilizer supply is ensured, and effective guarantee is provided for yield increase; (3) the corn straws are returned to the field, and the corn straws are directly planted in the wrong place in the next year, so that the cultivated land is well maintained, and stubble guiding in the same cultivated land is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a planting method of crops, in particular to a planting method for interplanting corn and soybean by drip irrigation, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural planting.
Background
Corn is a crop with multiple purposes of grain, feed, processing and energy, and plays a very important role in agricultural production and national economy in China. Drought in the world is probably the most important factor for limiting crop yield, and the high and stable yield of crops is severely limited by drought stress caused by delayed irrigation or irregular rainfall in north China.
The drip irrigation technology is introduced into Xinjiang troops in 1996, engineering water conservation and agricultural water conservation are creatively combined in Xinjiang, a film drip irrigation technology with a new function is formed, corresponding products are developed, and the film drip irrigation technology has the advantages of saving water, saving fertilizer, saving land, saving mechanical power, saving manpower, increasing temperature, inhibiting growth of field weeds, maintaining and improving a soil aggregate structure, improving labor productivity, meeting the requirements of crops on water and nutrients in each growth period in time and in a proper amount, comprehensively improving the water, fertilizer, air and heat growth environment of the crops and the like.
The drip irrigation technology is popularized and used in large area in Xinjiang due to the characteristic of high efficiency and water conservation, 279 million hectares are popularized in Xinjiang by 2015 years, and about 80 percent of the area is currently subjected to the drip irrigation and water fertilization technology, so that good economic and ecological benefits are obtained.
The corn drip irrigation technology is a novel irrigation technology combining a film-covering planting technology and a drip irrigation technology on the basis of a cotton drip irrigation technology aiming at actual production requirements in the northern Xinjiang area, and is a revolution on a grain crop irrigation mode. Water and fertilizer are the material guarantee of the continuous development of agriculture, are the basis of grain yield increase, and are the main limiting factors influencing agricultural production in arid and semiarid regions, so that the improvement of the utilization rate of the water and fertilizer is the important management target of agricultural production. However, the water and fertilizer supply mode under the drip irrigation condition has great difference with other irrigation modes, and the irrigation and fertilization technology and mode have great difference.
The corn plants are tall and big, have strong respiration and photosynthesis, are typical C4 crops, are relatively short and small, are relatively favored by yin, and have different adaptability to strong light. The interplanting of the two crops has the functions of mutual utilization, getting strong points, making up for weakness and improving yield.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for planting corn and interplanted soybean by drip irrigation, which has high yield per unit and obvious benefit.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:
a planting method for interplanting corn and soybean by drip irrigation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: soil preparation
Deeply applying base fertilizer before sowing and leveling the ground;
step 2: seeding corn and pipelaying
Planting corns at intervals in wide and narrow rows, wherein the width of the wide rows is 85-100 cm, the width of the narrow rows is 60-75 cm, two drip irrigation belts are laid in the narrow rows, the distance between each drip irrigation belt and a corn sowing row is 8-12 cm, a hole sowing mode under a film is adopted for sowing, the hole distance is 34cm, 3 holes are reserved in each hole, and sowing, pipe laying, film laying and soil covering are completed by using a sowing machine;
step 3: seeding soybeans and pipelaying
The soybean is interplanted in the drip irrigation corn wide row, a drip irrigation belt is laid in the drip irrigation corn wide row, 1 row of soybean is respectively sown on two sides of the drip irrigation belt, the soybean sowing row spacing is 15 cm-20 cm, the hole spacing is 30 cm-40 cm, and 2-3 soybeans are sown in each hole;
step 4: seedling stage field management
Supplying water to semen Maydis and semen glycines with independent water hose, sowing, connecting capillary on field pipe arrangement, dripping seedling water according to soil moisture content of each 667m2Dripping water 12m for corn3～18m3Each 667m2Soybean water drop of 6m3～10m31.5 kg-3 kg of special fertilizer for each dripping seedling is applied along with water dripping;
step 5: growth stage field management
Keeping the water content of the soybean row soil between 65 percent and 80 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and performing topdressing with a proper amount of water in the drip irrigation process;
when the upper leaves of young maize plants are rolled up, carrying out first water irrigation on maize rows, then keeping the water content of the maize rows between 70% and 85% of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and carrying out appropriate amount of additional fertilization along with water in the drip irrigation process;
step 6: harvesting
When the soybeans and the corns reach the respective optimal harvesting time, the soybeans and the corns are harvested, then the corn straws are returned to the field, and the next year, the stubble does not need to be turned over, and the soybeans and the corns can be directly planted in place in a staggered manner.
The planting method is characterized in that in Step2, the drip irrigation belt drips the corn with the width of a wide row of 90cm and the width of a narrow row of 70cm, and the distance between the drip irrigation belt and the corn sowing row is 10 cm.
The above-described planting method is characterized in that, at Step3, soybeans are sown at a row pitch of 18 cm.
The planting method is characterized in that in Step4, the flow rate of the drippers of the drip irrigation zone is controlled according to the soil texture, the flow rate of the drippers of the sandy soil corn drip irrigation zone is controlled to be 2.4L/H-2.8L/H, the flow rate of the drippers of the soybean drip irrigation zone is controlled to be 2.6L/H-3.0L/H, the flow rate of the drippers of the loam corn drip irrigation zone is controlled to be 2.2L/H-2.6L/H, the flow rate of the drippers of the soybean drip irrigation zone is controlled to be 2.4L/H-2.6L/H, the flow rate of the drippers of the clay corn drip irrigation zone is controlled to be 1.8L/H-2.2L/H, and the flow rate of the drippers of the soybean drip irrigation zone is controlled.
The method of planting as described above, characterized in that in Step5, the first irrigation of the corn rows is carried out according to the soil moisture content per 667m225m of water drop3～30m3Applying fertilizer with water.
The invention has the advantages that:
(1) corn is a C4 crop, the plant is tall and big and likes strong light, the soybean plant is short and loves yin, the soybean plant and the plant have different adaptability to the strong light, after the corn and the soybean are interplanted, the corn blocks the strong light and provides shade for the soybean, and the existence of the soybean does not influence the requirement of the corn on the strong light, so the corn and the soybean respectively obtain higher yield per unit, and the benefit is obvious;
(2) the corn and the soybean are supplied with water by independent water belts, so that the respective water and fertilizer supply of the corn and the soybean is ensured, and effective guarantee is provided for yield increase;
(3) the corn is planted at intervals in wide and narrow rows, the corn straws are returned to the field after the corn is picked, and the corn straws are directly planted in the wrong rows in situ in the next year, so that the cultivated land is well maintained, and the stubble guiding in the same cultivated land is realized.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of the planting method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the drip irrigation planting method for interplanting corn and soybean mainly comprises the following steps:
(1) the corn is planted at intervals in wide and narrow rows, the width of the wide row is 85 cm-100 cm, the width of the narrow row is 60 cm-75 cm, two drip irrigation belts (shown by solid lines) are laid in the narrow row, and the distance between each drip irrigation belt and a corn sowing row is 8 cm-12 cm;
(2) the soybeans are interplanted in the drip irrigation corn wide rows, a drip irrigation tape (shown by dotted lines) is laid in the middle of the drip irrigation corn wide rows, 1 row of soybeans is respectively sown on two sides of the drip irrigation tape, and the row spacing of the soybeans is 15-20 cm.
Example 1: ice lake town Changji city Xinjiang 2016 (soil texture: sandy loam)
Step 1: soil preparation
Applying base fertilizer deeply before sowing and leveling the ground.
Step 2: seeding corn and pipelaying
Corn variety: dongdong (6531) for medical purpose.
The corn is planted at intervals in wide and narrow rows, the width of the wide rows is 90cm, the width of the narrow rows is 70cm, two drip irrigation belts are laid in the narrow rows, the distance between each drip irrigation belt and the corn sowing row is 12cm, a hole sowing mode under the film is adopted for sowing, when the ground temperature in the soil in the depth of 5cm reaches 12 ℃, sowing is started (the sowing date is 4 months, 8 days and 4 months, 13 days), a mulching film with the width of 1m is selected, the hole distance is 34cm, the depth is 4.5cm, 3 grains are planted in each hole, and sowing, pipe laying, film laying and soil covering are completed by using an air-aspiration type precision.
Step 3: seeding soybeans and pipelaying
Soybean variety: the rice spring soybeans.
The soybean is interplanted in the drip irrigation corn wide row, a drip irrigation belt is laid in the middle of the drip irrigation corn wide row, 1 row of soybean is respectively sown on two sides of the drip irrigation belt, the soybean and the corn are sown in the same period (the sowing date is 4 months, 8 days and 4 months, 13 days), the soybean sowing row distance is 20cm, the hole distance is 34cm, the depth is 2.5cm, and 2-3 grains are planted in each hole.
Step 4: seedling stage field management
Supplying water to semen Maydis and semen glycines with independent water hose, sowing, connecting capillary on field pipe arrangement, dripping seedling water according to soil moisture content of each 667m2Corn water 15m3Each 667m2Soybean drip 9m32kg of special fertilizer for corn seedling dropping and 2kg of special fertilizer for soybean seedling dropping are applied along with water dropping.
The flow of the drippers of the drip irrigation tape is controlled according to the soil texture (sandy loam), the flow of the drippers of the corn drip irrigation tape is controlled at 2.6L/H, and the flow of the drippers of the soybean drip irrigation tape is controlled at 2.8L/H.
Step 5: growth stage field management
The water content of the soybean row soil is kept between 65 percent and 80 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and a proper amount of additional fertilizer is applied along with water in the drip irrigation process.
Properly delaying the first water irrigation time of the corn rows, starting the first water irrigation of the corn rows when upper leaves of young corn plants roll up, and irrigating each 667m of the corn rows according to soil moisture225m of water drop3～30m3Applying fertilizer with water, then maintaining the water content of the soil of the corn rows to be between 70 and 85 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and applying additional fertilizer with a proper amount of water in the drip irrigation process.
Step 6: harvesting
At the beginning of 9 months, the soybean leaves are fallen off, the stems are turned yellow, and the pods show the unique color of the soybean, and the soybean is harvested by adopting a small harvester when the optimal time for harvesting the soybeans is reached.
At the end of 9 months, the corn bracts become yellow, the grains become hard, the base parts of the back surfaces of the seed embryos appear black layers, the milk lines disappear, and the inherent color of the seeds is presented, at the moment, the corn is harvested by adopting a proper harvester at the optimal time, the corn stalks are returned to the field after the ears are picked, the corn stalks are not required to be turned over in the next year, and the corn stalks are directly planted in staggered rows in situ.
According to statistics, the corn yield per mu of 1225kg and the soybean yield per mu of 364kg are respectively improved after interplanting, and the benefits are obvious.
Example 2: second 21 team of the military team for Xinjiang production and construction in 2016 (soil texture: loam) 10 and 10 in a year
Step 1: soil preparation
Applying base fertilizer deeply before sowing and leveling the ground.
Step 2: seeding corn and pipelaying
Corn variety: and (7) climbing the sea 77.
The corn is planted at intervals in wide and narrow rows, the width of the wide rows is 95cm, the width of the narrow rows is 65cm, two drip irrigation belts are laid in the narrow rows, the distance between each drip irrigation belt and the seeding row of the corn is 10cm, a hole sowing mode under the film is adopted for seeding, when the ground temperature in the soil in the depth of 5cm reaches 12 ℃, seeding is started (the seeding date is 4 months 15 days-4 months 18 days), a mulching film with the width of 1m is selected, the hole distance is 34cm, the depth is 4.5cm, 3 grains are planted in each hole, and the seeding, the pipe laying, the film laying and the soil covering are completed by using an air.
Step 3: seeding soybeans and pipelaying
Soybean variety: tiefeng No. 8.
The soybeans are interplanted in the wide row of the drip irrigation corn, a drip irrigation belt is laid in the middle of the wide row of the drip irrigation corn, 1 row of soybeans are respectively sown on two sides of the drip irrigation belt, the soybeans are sown after the corn is sown (the sowing date is 4 months and 19 days), the soybean sowing row spacing is 15cm, the hole spacing is 34cm, the depth is 2.5cm, and 2-3 grains are planted in each hole.
Step 4: seedling stage field management
Supplying water to semen Maydis and semen glycines with independent water hose, sowing, connecting capillary on field pipe arrangement, dripping seedling water according to soil moisture content of each 667m2Corn water 15m3Each 667m2Soybean drip 9m31.8kg of special fertilizer for corn seedling dropping and 1.8kg of special fertilizer for soybean seedling dropping are applied along with water dropping.
The flow of the drippers of the drip irrigation tape is controlled according to the soil texture (loam), the flow of the drippers of the corn drip irrigation tape is controlled at 2.2L/H, and the flow of the drippers of the soybean drip irrigation tape is controlled at 2.6L/H.
Step 5: growth stage field management
The water content of the soybean row soil is kept between 65 percent and 80 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and a proper amount of additional fertilizer is applied along with water in the drip irrigation process.
Properly delaying the first water irrigation time of the corn rows when young corn plants are plantedWhen the upper leaves are rolled up, the first water irrigation of the corn rows is started, and each 667m of the corn rows is irrigated according to the soil moisture content225m of water drop3～30m3Applying fertilizer with water, then maintaining the water content of the soil of the corn rows to be between 70 and 85 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and applying additional fertilizer with a proper amount of water in the drip irrigation process.
Step 6: harvesting
At the end of 8 months, the soybean leaves are fallen off, the stems are turned yellow, the pods show the unique color of the soybean, and the soybean is harvested by adopting a small harvester when the optimal time for harvesting the soybeans is reached.
At the end of 9 months, the corn bracts become yellow, the grains become hard, the base parts of the back surfaces of the seed embryos appear black layers, the milk lines disappear, and the inherent color of the seeds is presented, at the moment, the corn is harvested by adopting a proper harvester at the optimal time, the corn stalks are returned to the field after the ears are picked, the corn stalks are not required to be turned over in the next year, and the corn stalks are directly planted in staggered rows in situ.
Statistics shows that the yield per mu of corn is 1160kg and the yield per mu of soybean is 347kg after interplanting, the yield per mu of corn and soybean is respectively improved, and the benefit is obvious.
Example 3: seven Xinjiang Yan Qi county seven star counties (soil texture: clay)
Step 1: soil preparation
Applying base fertilizer deeply before sowing and leveling the ground.
Step 2: seeding corn and pipelaying
Corn variety: 9384.
the corn is planted at intervals in wide and narrow rows, the width of the wide rows is 85cm, the width of the narrow rows is 75cm, two drip irrigation belts are laid in the narrow rows, the distance between each drip irrigation belt and the corn sowing row is 11cm, a hole sowing mode under the film is adopted for sowing, when the ground temperature in the soil in the depth of 5cm reaches 12 ℃, sowing is started (the sowing date is 4 months, 7 days and 4 months, 8 days), a mulching film with the width of 1m is selected, the hole distance is 34cm, the depth is 5cm, 3 grains are planted in each hole, and sowing, pipe laying, film laying and soil covering are completed by using an air suction type precision sowing.
Step 3: seeding soybeans and pipelaying
Soybean variety: jin 33 #.
The soybean is interplanted in the drip irrigation corn wide row, a drip irrigation belt is laid in the middle of the drip irrigation corn wide row, 1 row of soybean is respectively sown on two sides of the drip irrigation belt, the soybean is sown after the corn is sown (the sowing date is 3 months and 15 days), the soybean sowing row spacing is 17cm, the hole spacing is 34cm, the depth is 2cm, and 2-3 grains are planted in each hole.
Step 4: seedling stage field management
Supplying water to semen Maydis and semen glycines with independent water hose, sowing, connecting capillary on field pipe arrangement, dripping seedling water according to soil moisture content of each 667m214m of corn water drops3Each 667m2Dripping water of soybean 10m31.5kg of special fertilizer for corn seedling dropping and 1.5kg of special fertilizer for soybean seedling dropping are applied along with water dropping.
The flow of the drippers of the drip irrigation tape is controlled according to the soil texture (sandy loam), the flow of the drippers of the corn drip irrigation tape is controlled at 2.2L/H, and the flow of the drippers of the soybean drip irrigation tape is controlled at 2.4L/H.
Step 5: growth stage field management
The water content of the soybean row soil is kept between 65 percent and 80 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and a proper amount of additional fertilizer is applied along with water in the drip irrigation process.
Properly delaying the first water irrigation time of the corn rows, starting the first water irrigation of the corn rows when upper leaves of young corn plants roll up, and irrigating each 667m of the corn rows according to soil moisture225m of water drop3～30m3Applying fertilizer with water, then maintaining the water content of the soil of the corn rows to be between 70 and 85 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and applying additional fertilizer with a proper amount of water in the drip irrigation process.
Step 6: harvesting
At the end of 8 months, the soybean leaves are fallen off, the stems are turned yellow, the pods show the unique color of the soybean, and the soybean is harvested by adopting a small harvester when the optimal time for harvesting the soybeans is reached.
At the end of 9 months, the corn bracts become yellow, the grains become hard, the base parts of the back surfaces of the seed embryos appear black layers, the milk lines disappear, and the inherent color of the seeds is presented, at the moment, the corn is harvested by adopting a proper harvester at the optimal time, the corn stalks are returned to the field after the ears are picked, the corn stalks are not required to be turned over in the next year, and the corn stalks are directly planted in staggered rows in situ.
Statistics shows that the yield per mu of corn is 1198kg and the yield per mu of soybean is 282kg after interplanting, the yield per mu of corn and soybean is respectively improved, and the benefit is obvious.
Example 4: 2016 (soil texture: sandy loam) Wu Su Zhen Wu Wang county, Sawan, Tacheng area of Xinjiang
Step 1: soil preparation
Applying base fertilizer deeply before sowing and leveling the ground.
Step 2: seeding corn and pipelaying
Corn variety: and a middle ground 606.
The corn is planted at intervals in wide and narrow rows, the width of the wide rows is 90cm, the width of the narrow rows is 70cm, two drip irrigation belts are laid in the narrow rows, the distance between each drip irrigation belt and the corn sowing row is 9cm, a hole sowing mode under the film is adopted for sowing, sowing is started when the ground temperature in the soil in the depth of 5cm reaches 12 ℃ (the sowing date is 4 months, 18 days and 4 months, 22 days), a mulching film with the width of 1m is selected, the hole distance is 34cm, the depth is 5cm, 3 grains are planted in each hole, and sowing, pipe laying, film laying and soil covering are completed by using an air suction type precision sowing.
Step 3: seeding soybeans and pipelaying
Soybean variety: jilin No. 13.
The soybeans are interplanted in the wide row of the drip irrigation corn, a drip irrigation belt is laid in the middle of the wide row of the drip irrigation corn, 1 row of soybeans are respectively sown on two sides of the drip irrigation belt, the soybeans are sown after the corn is sown (the sowing date is 4 months and 24 days), the soybean sowing row spacing is 16cm, the hole spacing is 34cm, the depth is 2.5cm, and 2-3 grains are planted in each hole.
Step 4: seedling stage field management
Supplying water to semen Maydis and semen glycines with independent water hose, sowing, connecting capillary on field pipe arrangement, dripping seedling water according to soil moisture content of each 667m210m of water drops of corn3Each 667m2Dripping water of soybean 10m33kg of special fertilizer for corn seedling dropping and 3kg of special fertilizer for soybean seedling dropping are applied along with water dropping.
The flow of the drippers of the drip irrigation tape is controlled according to the soil texture (loam), the flow of the drippers of the corn drip irrigation tape is controlled at 2.6L/H, and the flow of the drippers of the soybean drip irrigation tape is controlled at 2.6L/H.
Step 5: growth stage field management
The water content of the soybean row soil is kept between 65 percent and 80 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and a proper amount of additional fertilizer is applied along with water in the drip irrigation process.
Properly delaying the first water irrigation time of the corn rows, starting the first water irrigation of the corn rows when upper leaves of young corn plants roll up, and irrigating each 667m of the corn rows according to soil moisture225m of water drop3～30m3Applying fertilizer with water, then maintaining the water content of the soil of the corn rows to be between 70 and 85 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and applying additional fertilizer with a proper amount of water in the drip irrigation process.
Step 6: harvesting
At the beginning of 9 months, the soybean leaves are fallen off, the stems are turned yellow, and the pods show the unique color of the soybean, and the soybean is harvested by adopting a small harvester when the optimal time for harvesting the soybeans is reached.
At the end of 9 months, the corn bracts become yellow, the grains become hard, the base parts of the back surfaces of the seed embryos appear black layers, the milk lines disappear, and the inherent color of the seeds is presented, at the moment, the corn is harvested by adopting a proper harvester at the optimal time, the corn stalks are returned to the field after the ears are picked, the corn stalks are not required to be turned over in the next year, and the corn stalks are directly planted in staggered rows in situ.
Through statistics, the yield per mu of corn is 1232kg and the yield per mu of soybean is 368kg after interplanting, the yield per mu of each corn is improved, and the benefit is obvious.
Example 5: the eighth master of the New year 2016 of Xinjiang production and construction military consortium 142 consortium 10 with soil texture: loam)
Step 1: soil preparation
Applying base fertilizer deeply before sowing and leveling the ground.
Step 2: seeding corn and pipelaying
Corn variety: and a middle ground 606.
The corn is planted at intervals in wide and narrow rows, the width of the wide rows is 90cm, the width of the narrow rows is 70cm, two drip irrigation belts are laid in the narrow rows, the distance between each drip irrigation belt and the corn sowing row is 9cm, a hole sowing mode under the film is adopted for sowing, sowing is started when the ground temperature in the soil in the depth of 5cm reaches 12 ℃ (the sowing date is 22 days per 4 months to 25 days per 4 months), a mulching film with the width of 1m is selected, the hole distance is 34cm, the depth is 5cm, 3 grains are planted in each hole, and sowing, pipe laying, film laying and soil covering are completed by using an air suction type precision sowing.
Step 3: seeding soybeans and pipelaying
Soybean variety: black river No. 54.
The soybeans are interplanted in the wide row of the drip irrigation corn, a drip irrigation belt is laid in the middle of the wide row of the drip irrigation corn, 1 row of soybeans are respectively sown on two sides of the drip irrigation belt, the soybeans are sown after the corn is sown (the sowing date is 4 months and 25 days), the soybean sowing row spacing is 15.5cm, the hole spacing is 34cm, the depth is 3cm, and 2-3 grains are planted in each hole.
Step 4: seedling stage field management
Supplying water to semen Maydis and semen glycines with independent water hose, sowing, connecting capillary on field pipe arrangement, dripping seedling water according to soil moisture content of each 667m2Dripping water 12m for corn3Each 667m2Soybean drip 9m32.5kg of special fertilizer for corn seedling dropping and 2.5kg of special fertilizer for soybean seedling dropping are applied along with water dropping.
The flow of the drippers of the drip irrigation tape is controlled according to the soil texture (sandy loam), the flow of the drippers of the corn drip irrigation tape is controlled at 2.4L/H, and the flow of the drippers of the soybean drip irrigation tape is controlled at 2.6L/H.
Step 5: growth stage field management
The water content of the soybean row soil is kept between 65 percent and 80 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and a proper amount of additional fertilizer is applied along with water in the drip irrigation process.
Properly delaying the first water irrigation time of the corn rows, starting the first water irrigation of the corn rows when upper leaves of young corn plants roll up, and irrigating each 667m of the corn rows according to soil moisture225m of water drop3～30m3Applying fertilizer with water, then maintaining the water content of the soil of the corn rows to be between 70 and 85 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and applying additional fertilizer with a proper amount of water in the drip irrigation process.
Step 6: harvesting
At the beginning of 9 months, the soybean leaves are fallen off, the stems are turned yellow, and the pods show the unique color of the soybean, and the soybean is harvested by adopting a small harvester when the optimal time for harvesting the soybeans is reached.
At the end of 9 months, the corn bracts become yellow, the grains become hard, the base parts of the back surfaces of the seed embryos appear black layers, the milk lines disappear, and the inherent color of the seeds is presented, at the moment, the corn is harvested by adopting a proper harvester at the optimal time, the corn stalks are returned to the field after the ears are picked, the corn stalks are not required to be turned over in the next year, and the corn stalks are directly planted in staggered rows in situ.
Statistics shows that the yield per mu of corn is 1124kg and the yield per mu of soybean is 256kg after interplanting, the yield per mu of corn and the yield per mu of soybean are respectively improved, and the benefit is obvious.
It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments do not limit the present invention in any way, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent alternatives or equivalent variations fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A planting method for interplanting corn and soybean by drip irrigation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: soil preparation
Deeply applying base fertilizer before sowing and leveling the ground;
step 2: seeding corn and pipelaying
Planting corns at intervals in wide and narrow rows, wherein the width of the wide rows is 90cm, the width of the narrow rows is 70cm, two drip irrigation belts are laid in the narrow rows, the distance between the drip irrigation belts and the corn sowing rows is 10cm, the sowing adopts a hole sowing mode under the film, the hole distance is 34cm, 3 holes are formed in each hole, and the sowing, the pipe laying, the film laying and the soil covering are completed by using a sowing machine;
step 3: seeding soybeans and pipelaying
The soybean is interplanted in the drip irrigation corn wide row, a drip irrigation belt is laid in the drip irrigation corn wide row, 1 row of soybean is respectively sown on two sides of the drip irrigation belt, the soybean sowing row spacing is 18cm, the hole spacing is 30 cm-40 cm, and 2-3 soybeans are sown in each hole;
step 4: seedling stage field management
The corn and the soybean are supplied with water by adopting an independent water belt, after sowing, a capillary is connected on a field pipe arrangement to drip seedling water, the flow of the dripper of the drip irrigation tape is controlled according to the soil texture, the flow of the dripper of the sandy soil corn drip irrigation tape is controlled to be 2.4L/H-2.8L/H, the flow of the dripper of the soybean drip irrigation tape is controlled to be 2.6L/H-3.0L/H, the flow of the dripper of the loam corn drip irrigation tape is controlled to be 2.2L/H-2.6L/H, the flow of the dripper of the soybean drip irrigation tape is controlled to be 2.4L/H-2.6L/H, the flow of the dripper of the clay corn drip irrigation tape is controlled to be 1.8L,The flow rate of the dripper of the soybean drip irrigation belt is controlled to be 2.0L/H-2.4L/H, and the dripper is controlled to be 667m per soil moisture content2Dripping water 12m for corn3～18m3Each 667m2Soybean water drop of 6m3～10m31.5 kg-3 kg of special fertilizer for each dripping seedling is applied along with water dripping;
step 5: growth stage field management
Keeping the water content of the soybean row soil between 65 percent and 80 percent of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and performing topdressing with a proper amount of water in the drip irrigation process;
when the upper leaves of young maize plants are rolled up, the first water irrigation of the maize rows is started, and each 667m of the maize rows is irrigated according to the soil moisture content225m of water drop3～30m3Applying fertilizer along with water, then keeping the water content of the soil of the corn rows between 70% and 85% of the maximum field water capacity through drip irrigation, and applying additional fertilizer along with water in a proper amount in the drip irrigation process;
step 6: harvesting
When the soybeans and the corns reach the respective optimal harvesting time, the soybeans and the corns are harvested, then the corn straws are returned to the field, and the next year, the stubble does not need to be turned over, and the soybeans and the corns can be directly planted in place in a staggered manner.
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