CN103392467A - Corn planting and cultivating method - Google Patents
Corn planting and cultivating method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103392467A CN103392467A CN2013102632035A CN201310263203A CN103392467A CN 103392467 A CN103392467 A CN 103392467A CN 2013102632035 A CN2013102632035 A CN 2013102632035A CN 201310263203 A CN201310263203 A CN 201310263203A CN 103392467 A CN103392467 A CN 103392467A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a corn planting and cultivating method. The corn planting and cultivating method includes the following steps of selecting a corn variety and conducting soil preparation before planting, arranging wide rows and narrow rows at intervals, sowing corn, completing sowing, pipe paving, film paving and soil covering through an air suction type precision seeder, and conducting field management in the seedling stage, the ear stage and the flower stage, wherein the width of each wide row ranges from 85cm to 95cm, the width of each narrow row ranges from 25cm to 35cm, a drip irrigation zone is paved in the middle of each narrow row. According to the corn planting and cultivating method, due to the fact that the method that the wide rows and the narrow rows are arranged at intervals is adopted, the number of drip lines which are used can be lowered. Modifiers are sprayed in the early period of the field management in the seedling stage to control the plant height and the ear position, and the defect that through a conventional planting method, the corn easily falls over due to the fact that the plant height is large and the ear position is high is overcome. Pesticide is sprayed through a self-propelled high-stalk crop boom sprayer in the middle and later period of management to control pests, the influences of natural disasters on corn growth are reduced, and the influences on productivity caused by a large number of European corn borers, cotton bollworms, aphids, leafhoppers and red spiders appearing after corn jointing are eliminated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting agricultural method technical field, specifically spring corn drip irrigation wide-and narrow-row cultivation method.
Background technology
Corn is the important cereal crops of China, and what generally adopted in land for growing field crops is to wait line-spacing furrow irrigation planting type, and yield level is at 9000～12000kg/ha; Corn drip irrigation cultivation method had started large scale application in agricultural production in recent years, and the effect of its water saving, volume increase has obtained sufficient checking, and yield level reaches 13500～18000kg/ha; By precision drilling, efficiently solve the final singling problem, by the drip irrigation Fertigation, efficiently solve the corn nutrition supply problem of whole breeding time, but also have the large (667m of drip irrigation pipe consumption
2With 700～1100m), drip irrigation corn plant height, the biased height of fringe easily fall, after the corn jointing corn borer, cotton bollworm, aphid, leafhopper and two spotted spider mite occur heavier larger to yield effect, the problem that insect pest cannot prevent and treat; But although, by at artificial Furadan of corn typhon mouth phase, filling with heart control of maize snout moth's larva, need a large amount of manpowers, cost is higher.These problems have limited the universal and effect of drip irrigation corn technology.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for the problem that exists in above-mentioned cultivating method of crop and defect, a kind of spring corn wide-and narrow-row entire mechanization cultivation method is provided, adopting wide-and narrow-row to reduce hollow billet consumption, early stage machinery sprays conditioning agent and controls plant height fringe position, middle and later periods with the self-propelled type high-stalk crop spraying boom spraying machine pest control of spraying insecticide, reduce the impact of natural calamity on corn growth, realize entire mechanization, reach the purpose of saving of labor, province's fertilizer, water saving, high yield.
The present invention has specifically adopted following technical scheme:
A kind of corn planting cultivation method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, broadcast front selection corn variety and whole ground;
Step 2, Row spacing of maize adopts wide row and narrow row arranged spaced, and wide line width is 85～95cm, and the narrow row width is 25～35cm; In the middle of narrow row, be used for laying irrigate band.Preferably, wide line width is 90cm, and the narrow row width is 30cm; In the middle of narrow row, be used for laying irrigate band.
Step 3, corn seeding: adopt air-aspiration type precision planter to complete sowing, pipe laying, plastic film mulch and earthing; Preferably, the time of corn seeding is that soil 5cm ground temperature is while reaching 12 ℃; The degree of depth of corn seeding is 4～5cm.
Step 4, carry out field management in seedling stage, the field management of fringe phase and the phase field management of flower grain;
Seedling stage, field management comprised: after planting the field stringing connects hollow billet, oozes Miao Shui, according to the every 667m of soil moisture content
215～25m drips
3With water droplet, execute 50% corn drip irrigation special fertilizer (32-10-8) 2～3kg.
The field management of fringe phase and the phase field management of flower grain comprise: by drip irrigation irrigates the maintenance soil moisture content maximum field capacity 60～80% between; Fertilizer is executed with water droplet in the dripping irrigation process.
Step 5, results
When bract jaundice, seed hardening, when black layer appearred in seed embryo back side base portion, milk-line disappeared, and the seed hardening presents the intrinsic color and luster of kind, namely selects suitable reaping machine to gather in the crops, and realizes harvesting, peeling, threshing, returns crop stocks to the field.
In above-mentioned corn planting cultivation method, step 1, describedly broadcast front selection maize seed and refer to and select high yield, anti-dense planting, the corn hybrid seed that resistant to lodging, dehydration is fast, disease resistance is strong, as Zheng Dan 958, KW3564, first beautiful 335.
Describedly comprise whole ground, deep placement base fertilizer and seedbed preparation before the winter wholely;
Whole ground before winter: use straw baler that earth's surface first crop crops straw bundling is reclaimed, then with heavy-duty disc harrow, earth's surface is remained to the first crop crops straw and roll to cut and pulverize and mix with table soil; Perhaps first with heavy-duty disc harrow, earth's surface first crop crops straw is tentatively rolled and cuts and dryness in the sun, then with heavy-duty disc harrow, the first crop crops straw of dryness in the sun is fully rolled to cut and pulverize and mix with table soil;
Deep placement base fertilizer: every 667m
2Evenly spread fertilizer over the fields the mixed fertilizer of 1000 kilograms of barnyard manure and 10～20 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, then plow and turn over, the degree of depth of plowing is at 25～30cm;
Seedbed preparation: use combined soil preparing machine to rake the soil level during early spring, the mechanical spray spraying herbicide.
In above-mentioned corn planting cultivation method, the field management in seedling stage in step 4 also comprises: machinery sprays foliage spray and drips and topdress; Machinery sprays corn herbicide; Machinery sprays chrysanthemum ester class highly-effective low-residue agricultural chemicals with control Maize at Seedling Stage blade face sucking pest; When cutworm occurs, with chlorophos or 100～200 times of liquid irrigating roots of dichlorvos; During the cutworm adult eclosion, in field, put the syrup basin, blacklight trap be installed or the light trap that frequently shakes.
In above-mentioned corn planting cultivation method, the fringe phase field management in step 4 also comprises: toy trumpet mouth phase removal Maize Stem base portion is tillered and sprays chlormequat 200～250ml/667m
2The typhon mouth phase: spray the corn robust element with self-propelled type high-stalk crop sprayer orientation lower nozzle; With self-propelled type high-stalk crop sprayer orientation lower nozzle, spray chrysanthemum ester class highly-effective low-residue agricultural chemicals; Pour water 2～3 times, each irrigation quantity 30～40m
3/ 667m
2And in conjunction with pouring water, drip and execute the special-purpose drip irrigation fertilizer 12～15kg/667m of corn
2.Preferably, nitrogen-phosphorus-the potassium content proportioning is 32: 10: 8 to the special-purpose drip irrigation fertilizer of described corn.
In above-mentioned corn planting cultivation method, the flower grain phase field management in step 4 also comprises: the benefit of pouring water fertilise, drip altogether 5～6 times, and each irrigation quantity 30～40m
3/ 667m
2, front 2～3 combinations are poured water to drip and are executed the special-purpose drip irrigation fertilizer 8～15kg/667m of corn
2Nitrogen-phosphorus-the potassium content proportioning is 30: 15: 9 to the special-purpose drip irrigation fertilizer of preferred described corn.
Anti-eliminate aphis, leafhopper and two spotted spider mite: with propargite 73% missible oil l000～1500 times liquid and 2000 times of liquid of 1.80% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, with the mixed liquor mechanization spraying that 1: 0.8～2 volume ratios are mixed into, prevent and treat two spotted spider mite; With 3000 times of liquid mechanization spraying control leafhopper of 20% Acetamiprid liquor; With 4000～6000 times of anti-eliminating aphis of liquid mechanization spraying of Imidacloprid.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1, cultivation method of the present invention adopts the mode of wide-and narrow-row phase configuration, can reduce the hollow billet consumption.Large (the 667m of general planting mode drip irrigation pipe consumption
2With 700～1100m), and cultivation method drip irrigation pipe consumption of the present invention is 560m.
2, spray conditioning agent the early stage of seedling management and control plant height fringe position, overcome the defect that general planting method corn plant height, the biased height of fringe easily fall.
3, the corn middle and later periods management, with the self-propelled type high-stalk crop spraying boom spraying machine pest control of spraying insecticide, reduces the impact of natural calamity on corn growth, overcomes corn borer after the corn jointing, cotton bollworm, aphid, leafhopper and two spotted spider mite heavier impact on output occurs.
4, cultivation method of the present invention is realized entire mechanization, reaches the purpose of saving of labor, province's fertilizer, water saving, high yield.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but not as a limitation of the invention.
Corn planting cultivation method of the present invention has carried out production test at Xinjiang, China Shihezi Xinjiang Academy of Land Reclamation &. Cultivation test site, before the test plot, batch be the green manure ground of turning over, belong to middle temperate zone arid biogeographic zone weather, annual precipitation is between 150～250mm and skewness, year evaporation discharge 1200～1500mm, for irrigation farming, be suitable for the enforcement of the inventive method.
The present embodiment material therefor is as follows:
Special-purpose drip irrigation fertilizer I type 50% (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium content is 32: 10: 8) of the corn that fertilizer selects Popularization Service Center of Agricultural Hi-Tech, Xinjiang Academy of Aagri to produce and the special-purpose drip irrigation fertilizer II of corn type 54% (nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium content is 30: 15: 9).
Mulch film is selected the common polythene film of thickness 0.005～0.008mm specification.
Dropper band and arm: select the single-blade labyrinth type drip irrigation tape, specification 300-3.2; Internal diameter (16mm); Wall thickness (0.18mm); Drip pitch of holes (300mm); Nominal flow rate (3.2L/h).Arm is selected PE (polyethylene) clarinet water band (75 ﹟ and 90 ﹟).
Embodiment 1
Step 1, select maize seed and whole ground;
Seed is selected high yield, high-quality, the first jade 335 of anti-corn hybrid seed close, anti-fall, that dehydration is fast, disease resistance is strong, and seed quality requires to reach the standard of precision point sowing.
Carry out whole ground, comprised before the winter wholely, deep placement base fertilizer and seedbed preparation;
Whole ground before winter: use straw baler that earth's surface first crop crops straw bundling is reclaimed, then with heavy-duty disc harrow, earth's surface is remained to the first crop crops straw and roll to cut and pulverize and mix with table soil; Perhaps first with heavy-duty disc harrow, earth's surface first crop crops straw is tentatively rolled and cuts and dryness in the sun about 15 days, then with heavy-duty disc harrow, earth's surface stubble crops straw is fully rolled to cut and pulverize and mix with table soil;
Deep placement base fertilizer: every 667m
2With barnyard manure, spread the throwing machine and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields the mixed fertilizer that evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields 1000 kilograms of barnyard manure and 10 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, then with the supporting flip vertical turnplow of big-powered tractor, plow and turn over, the degree of depth of plowing is 25～30cm.
Seedbed preparation: use early spring in the coming year combined soil preparing machine to adopt diagonal angle a kind of farm tools soil moisture conservation of raking the soil level, strive for reaching the quality requirement of " moisture in the soil, pine, broken, neat, flat, clean ".The plot that weeds harm is serious, carry out the ground machine herbicide spraying, controlling weeds.Behind whole ground, make earth's surface totally smooth, be suitable for corn seeding, and rationally utilized the first crop crops straw, not only for corn provides organic nutrient, also reduced the cost that the first crop stalk stores and processes.
Step 2, line-spacing adopts wide row and narrow row arranged spaced, and wide line width is 90cm, and the narrow row width is 30cm; In the middle of narrow row, be used for laying irrigate band.The width of wide row and narrow row can need to, at wide line width 85～95cm, be adjusted between narrow row width 25～35cm according to plot characteristics and plantation.Because the present invention adopts the wide-and narrow-row arranged spaced, make the irrigate band consumption be reduced to every 667m
2Approximately 560 meters, saved first current cost and dropped into.
Step 3, corn seeding:
Select the 2BMJ series air-aspiration type precision mulch film spreading and seeding machine that Keshen Farm Appts. Tech Development Co., Ltd., Xinjiang produces to complete sowing, pipe laying, plastic film mulch and earthing; The time of corn seeding is that soil 5cm ground temperature is while reaching 12 ℃; The sowing cave is apart from 14.4cm, and the degree of depth is 4cm, theoretical bunch planting density 7716 caves/667m
2.
It is straight that row is broadcast in requirement, without disconnected row, broadcast leakage phenomenon.Irrigate band will be strained, and during overlay film, compacting is wanted on both sides.The degree of depth of corn seeding is 4～5cm, and the depth is consistent, and earthing is even, suppress tight, without floating seed.
Step 4, carry out field management in seedling stage, the field management of fringe phase and the phase field management of flower grain;
Seedling stage, field management comprised: after planting the field stringing connects hollow billet, oozes Miao Shui, according to the every 667m of soil moisture content
215～25m drips
3With water droplet, execute 50% corn drip irrigation special fertilizer (32-10-8) 2～3kg.
The field management of fringe phase and the phase field management of flower grain comprise: by drip irrigation, irrigate and keep soil moisture content at 60～80% of maximum field capacity; Fertilizer is executed with water droplet in the dripping irrigation process.
Field management in seedling stage in step 4 also comprises: machinery sprays foliage spray and drips and topdress; Machinery sprays corn herbicide; Machinery sprays chrysanthemum ester class highly-effective low-residue agricultural chemicals with control Maize at Seedling Stage blade face sucking pest; When cutworm occurs, with chlorophos or 100 times of liquid irrigating roots of dichlorvos; During the cutworm adult eclosion, in field, put the syrup basin, blacklight trap be installed or the light trap that frequently shakes.
Fringe phase field management in step 4 also comprises: toy trumpet mouth phase removal Maize Stem base portion is tillered and sprays chlormequat 200ml/667m
2The typhon mouth phase: spray the corn robust element with self-propelled type high-stalk crop sprayer orientation lower nozzle; With self-propelled type high-stalk crop sprayer orientation lower nozzle, spray chrysanthemum ester class highly-effective low-residue agricultural chemicals; Pour water 2 times, each irrigation quantity 30m
3/ 667m
2And in conjunction with pouring water, drip and execute the special-purpose drip irrigation fertilizer I of corn type 12kg/667m
2(nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium content proportioning is 32: 10: 8).
Flower grain phase field management in step 4 also comprises: the benefit of pouring water fertilise, drip altogether 5 times, and each irrigation quantity 30m
3/ 667m
2, front 2 combinations are poured water to drip and are executed the special-purpose drip irrigation fertilizer II of corn type 8kg/667m
2(nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium weight proportion is 30: 15: 9);
Anti-eliminate aphis, leafhopper and two spotted spider mite: with propargite 73% missible oil l000 times liquid and 2000 times of liquid of 1.80% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, with the mixed liquor mechanization spraying that 1: 1 volume ratio is mixed into, prevent and treat two spotted spider mite; With 2000 times of liquid mechanization spraying control leafhopper of 20% Acetamiprid liquor; With 4000 times of anti-eliminating aphis of liquid mechanization spraying of Imidacloprid.
Step 5, results
When bract jaundice, seed hardening, when black layer appearred in seed embryo back side base portion, milk-line disappeared, and the seed hardening presents the intrinsic color and luster of kind, namely selects suitable reaping machine to gather in the crops, and realizes harvesting, peeling, threshing, returns crop stocks to the field.
Adopt the cultivation management method in embodiment 1, spray conditioning agent the early stage of seedling management and control plant height fringe position, overcome the defect that general planting method corn plant height, the biased height of fringe easily fall.The seedling management middle and later periods, with the self-propelled type high-stalk crop spraying boom spraying machine pest control of spraying insecticide, reduces the impact of natural calamity on corn growth, overcomes corn borer after the corn jointing, cotton bollworm, aphid, leafhopper and two spotted spider mite heavier impact on output occurs.In addition, this cultivation method has been realized entire mechanization, reaches the purpose of saving of labor, province's fertilizer, water saving, high yield.
Embodiment 2
Step 1, select maize seed and whole ground;
Seed is selected high yield, high-quality, anti-close, anti-fall, the corn hybrid seed Zheng Dan 958 fast, that disease resistance is strong that dewaters, and seed quality requires to reach the standard of precision point sowing.
Carry out whole ground, comprised before the winter wholely, deep placement base fertilizer and seedbed preparation;
Whole ground before winter: use straw baler that earth's surface first crop crops straw bundling is reclaimed, then with heavy-duty disc harrow, earth's surface is remained to the first crop crops straw and roll to cut and pulverize and mix with table soil; Perhaps first with heavy-duty disc harrow, earth's surface first crop crops straw is tentatively rolled and cuts and dryness in the sun about 15 days, then with heavy-duty disc harrow, earth's surface stubble crops straw is fully rolled to cut and pulverize and mix with table soil;
Deep placement base fertilizer: with barnyard manure, spread the throwing machine and evenly spread fertilizer over the fields the mixed fertilizer that evenly spreads fertilizer over the fields 1000 kilograms of barnyard manure and 20 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, then with the supporting flip vertical turnplow of big-powered tractor, plow and turn over, the degree of depth of plowing is 25～30cm.
Seedbed preparation: use early spring in the coming year combined soil preparing machine to adopt diagonal angle a kind of farm tools soil moisture conservation of raking the soil level, strive for reaching the quality requirement of " moisture in the soil, pine, broken, neat, flat, clean ".The plot that weeds harm is serious, carry out the ground machine herbicide spraying, controlling weeds.Behind whole ground, make earth's surface totally smooth, be suitable for corn seeding, and rationally utilized the first crop crops straw, not only for corn provides organic nutrient, also reduced the cost that the first crop stalk stores and processes.
Step 2, line-spacing adopts wide row and narrow row arranged spaced, and wide line width is 90cm, and the narrow row width is 30cm; In the middle of narrow row, be used for laying irrigate band.The width of wide row and narrow row can need to, at wide line width 85～95cm, be adjusted between narrow row width 25～35cm according to plot characteristics and plantation.Because the present invention adopts the wide-and narrow-row arranged spaced, make the irrigate band consumption be reduced to every 667m
2Approximately 560 meters, saved first current cost and dropped into.
Step 3, overlay film and corn seeding:
Select the 2BMJ series air-aspiration type precision mulch film spreading and seeding machine that Keshen Farm Appts. Tech Development Co., Ltd., Xinjiang produces to complete sowing, pipe laying, plastic film mulch and earthing; The time of corn seeding is that soil 5cm ground temperature is while reaching 12 ℃; The sowing cave is apart from 14.4cm, and the degree of depth is 4～5cm, theoretical bunch planting density 7716 caves/667m
2.
It is straight that row is broadcast in requirement, without disconnected row, broadcast leakage phenomenon.Irrigate band will be strained, and during overlay film, compacting is wanted on both sides.The degree of depth of corn seeding is 4～5cm, and the depth is consistent, and earthing is even, suppress tight, without floating seed.
Step 4, carry out field management in seedling stage, the field management of fringe phase and the phase field management of flower grain;
Seedling stage, field management comprised: after planting the field stringing connects hollow billet, oozes Miao Shui, according to the every 667m of soil moisture content
215～25m drips
3With water droplet, execute 50% corn drip irrigation special fertilizer (32-10-8) 2～3kg.
The field management of fringe phase and the phase field management of flower grain comprise: by drip irrigation, irrigate and keep soil moisture content at 60～80% of maximum field capacity; Fertilizer is executed with water droplet in the dripping irrigation process.
Field management in seedling stage in step 4 also comprises: machinery sprays foliage spray and drips and topdress; Machinery sprays corn herbicide; Machinery sprays chrysanthemum ester class highly-effective low-residue agricultural chemicals with control Maize at Seedling Stage blade face sucking pest; When cutworm occurs, with chlorophos or 200 times of liquid irrigating roots of dichlorvos; During the cutworm adult eclosion, in field, put the syrup basin, blacklight trap be installed or the light trap that frequently shakes.
Fringe phase field management in step 4 also comprises: toy trumpet mouth phase removal Maize Stem base portion is tillered and sprays chlormequat 250ml/667m
2The typhon mouth phase: spray the corn robust element with self-propelled type high-stalk crop sprayer orientation lower nozzle; With self-propelled type high-stalk crop sprayer orientation lower nozzle, spray chrysanthemum ester class highly-effective low-residue agricultural chemicals; Pour water 3 times, each irrigation quantity 35m
3/ 667m
2And in conjunction with pouring water, drip and execute the special-purpose drip irrigation fertilizer I of corn type 15kg/667m
2(nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium weight proportion is 32: 10: 8).
Flower grain phase field management in step 4 also comprises: the benefit of pouring water fertilise, drip 6 times, 3 times each irrigation quantity 35m altogether
3/ 667m
2, in conjunction with pouring water, drip and execute the special-purpose drip irrigation fertilizer II of corn type 10kg/667m
2(nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium weight proportion is 30: 15: 9), rear 3 each irrigation quantity 25m
3/ 667m
2.
Anti-eliminate aphis, leafhopper and two spotted spider mite: with 1500 times of liquid of propargite 73% missible oil and 2000 times of liquid of 1.80% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, with the mixed liquor mechanization spraying that 1: 2 volume ratio is mixed into, prevent and treat two spotted spider mite; With 3000 times of liquid mechanization spraying control leafhopper of 20% Acetamiprid liquor; With 6000 times of anti-eliminating aphis of liquid mechanization spraying of Imidacloprid.
Step 5, results
When bract jaundice, seed hardening, when black layer appearred in seed embryo back side base portion, milk-line disappeared, and the seed hardening presents the intrinsic color and luster of kind, namely selects suitable reaping machine to gather in the crops, and realizes harvesting, peeling, threshing, returns crop stocks to the field.Ultimate output reaches 1100kg/667m
2.
Adopt the cultivation management method in embodiment 2, spray conditioning agent the early stage of seedling management and control plant height fringe position, overcome the defect that general planting method corn plant height, the biased height of fringe easily fall.The seedling management middle and later periods, with the self-propelled type high-stalk crop spraying boom spraying machine pest control of spraying insecticide, reduces the impact of natural calamity on corn growth, overcomes corn borer after the corn jointing, cotton bollworm, aphid, leafhopper and two spotted spider mite heavier impact on output occurs.In addition, this cultivation method has been realized entire mechanization, reaches the purpose of saving of labor, province's fertilizer, water saving, high yield.
Above embodiment is only exemplary embodiment of the present invention, is not used in restriction the present invention, and protection scope of the present invention is defined by the claims.Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or be equal to replacement the present invention in essence of the present invention and protection domain, this modification or be equal to replacement and also should be considered as dropping in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. corn planting cultivation method comprises the following steps:
Step 1, broadcast front selection corn variety and whole ground;
Step 2, line space adopts wide row and narrow row arranged spaced, and wide line width is 85～95cm, and the narrow row width is 25～35cm; In the middle of narrow row, be used for laying irrigate band;
Step 3, corn seeding: adopt air-aspiration type precision planter to complete sowing, pipe laying, plastic film mulch and earthing;
Step 4, carry out field management in seedling stage, the field management of fringe phase and the phase field management of flower grain;
Seedling stage, field management comprised: after planting connect the field pipe network drip irrigation water of emerging, 15～25m
3/ 667m
2
The field management of fringe phase and the phase field management of flower grain comprise: by drip irrigation irrigates the maintenance soil moisture content maximum field capacity 60～80% between; Fertilizer is executed with water droplet in the dripping irrigation process.
2. corn planting cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, step 2 adopts wide row and narrow row arranged spaced, and wide line width is 90cm, and the narrow row width is 30cm; In the middle of narrow row, be used for laying irrigate band.
3. corn planting cultivation method according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Step 1, describedly broadcast front selection maize seed and refer to and select high yield, anti-dense planting, the corn hybrid seed that resistant to lodging, dehydration is fast, disease resistance is strong;
Describedly comprise whole ground, deep placement base fertilizer and seedbed preparation before the winter wholely; Whole ground before winter: use straw baler that earth's surface first crop crops straw bundling is reclaimed, then with heavy-duty disc harrow, earth's surface is remained to the first crop crops straw and roll to cut and pulverize and mix with table soil; Perhaps first with heavy-duty disc harrow, earth's surface first crop crops straw is tentatively rolled and cuts and dryness in the sun, then with heavy-duty disc harrow, the first crop crops straw of dryness in the sun is fully rolled to cut and pulverize and mix with table soil; Deep placement base fertilizer: every 667m
2Evenly spread fertilizer over the fields the mixed fertilizer of 1000 kilograms of barnyard manure and 10～20 kilograms of diammonium phosphate, then plow and turn over, the degree of depth of plowing is at 25～30cm; Seedbed preparation: use combined soil preparing machine to rake the soil level during early spring, the mechanical spray spraying herbicide.
4. corn planting cultivation method according to claim 3, is characterized in that,
Step 3, the time of corn seeding is that soil 5cm ground temperature is while reaching 12 ℃; The degree of depth of corn seeding is 4～5cm.
5. the described corn planting cultivation method of according to claim 1-4 any one, is characterized in that, the field management in seedling stage in step 4 also comprises: machinery sprays foliage spray and drips and topdress; Machinery sprays corn herbicide; Machinery sprays chrysanthemum ester class highly-effective low-residue agricultural chemicals with control Maize at Seedling Stage blade face sucking pest; When cutworm occurs, with chlorophos or 100～200 times of liquid irrigating roots of dichlorvos; During the cutworm adult eclosion, in field, put the syrup basin, blacklight trap be installed or the light trap that frequently shakes.
6. the described corn planting cultivation method of according to claim 1-4 any one, is characterized in that, the fringe phase field management in step 4 also comprises: toy trumpet mouth phase removal Maize Stem base portion is tillered and sprays chlormequat 200～250ml/667m
2The typhon mouth phase: spray the corn robust element with self-propelled type high-stalk crop sprayer orientation lower nozzle; With self-propelled type high-stalk crop sprayer orientation lower nozzle, spray chrysanthemum ester class highly-effective low-residue agricultural chemicals; Pour water 2～3 times, each irrigation quantity 30～40m
3/ 667m
2And drip and execute the composite corn fertilizer 12～15kg/667m of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium in conjunction with pouring water
2.
7. corn planting cultivation method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the nitrogen-phosphorus of the corn fertilizer that described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium is composite-potassium weight proportion is 32:10:8.
8. the described corn planting cultivation method of according to claim 1-4 any one, is characterized in that, the flower grain phase field management in step 4 also comprises: the benefit of pouring water fertilise, drip altogether 5～6 times, and each irrigation quantity 30～40m
3/ 667m
2, front 2～3 combinations are poured water to drip and are executed the composite corn fertilizer 8～15kg/667m of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium
2
Anti-eliminate aphis, leafhopper and two spotted spider mite: with propargite 73% missible oil l000～1500 times liquid and 1800～2200 times of liquid of 1.80% abamectin emulsifiable concentrate, with the mixed liquor mechanization spraying that 1:0.8～2 volume ratios are mixed into, prevent and treat two spotted spider mite; With 2000～3000 times of liquid mechanization spraying control leafhopper of 20% Acetamiprid liquor; With 4000～6000 times of anti-eliminating aphis of liquid mechanization spraying of Imidacloprid.
9. corn planting cultivation method according to claim 8, is characterized in that, the nitrogen-phosphorus of the corn fertilizer that described nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium is composite-potassium weight proportion is 30:15:9.
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Cited By (31)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107295876A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-27 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of applicable semiarid region soil wheel ploughs corn planting method |
| CN108243870A (en) * | 2018-01-17 | 2018-07-06 | 甘肃农业大学 | A kind of Oasis irrigation district trickle irrigation maize culture new technology |
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| CN103891517A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-02 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Water-saving and high-yield water and fertilizer management method for corn |
| CN103918448A (en) * | 2014-04-18 | 2014-07-16 | 新疆农垦科学院 | Maize cultivation method for group structure optimization regulation |
| CN103999660A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-08-27 | 郎溪县十字镇林华粮食种植家庭农场 | Planting technology of maize with high anti-disaster capacity |
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| CN104429467A (en) * | 2014-11-05 | 2015-03-25 | 沈阳远大科技园有限公司 | Crop cultivation method for desertification land control |
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| CN107295876A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-27 | 吉林省农业科学院 | A kind of applicable semiarid region soil wheel ploughs corn planting method |
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