CN110291949A - A kind of production method of Jian Kuo pea seed high yield - Google Patents
A kind of production method of Jian Kuo pea seed high yield Download PDFInfo
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 244000062793 Sorghum vulgare Species 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000019713 millet Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 244000105017 Vicia sativa Species 0.000 claims description 91
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 241001124076 Aphididae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbendazim Natural products C1=CC=C2NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 TWFZGCMQGLPBSX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005947 Dimethoate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005906 Imidacloprid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000005842 Thiophanate-methyl Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbendazim Chemical compound C1=C[CH]C2=NC(NC(=O)OC)=NC2=C1 JNPZQRQPIHJYNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000006013 carbendazim Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethoate Chemical compound CNC(=O)CSP(=S)(OC)OC MCWXGJITAZMZEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidacloprid Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)\N=C1/NCCN1CC1=CC=C(Cl)N=C1 YWTYJOPNNQFBPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229940056881 imidacloprid Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000026267 regulation of growth Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiophanate-methyl Chemical group COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC QGHREAKMXXNCOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004563 wettable powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002686 phosphate fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007363 regulatory process Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000014698 Brassica juncea var multisecta Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000006008 Brassica napus var napus Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000000385 Brassica napus var. napus Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000006618 Brassica rapa subsp oleifera Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000004459 forage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005070 ripening Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/40—Fabaceae, e.g. beans or peas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/12—Supports for plants; Trellis for strawberries or the like
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of production methods of Jian Kuo pea seed high yield, are related to agricultural plantation technology field.The method of the present invention includes seeding process, fertilising process, stent procedures, water-pouring process, adjusting and controlling growth process and prevention and control of plant diseases, pest control process；Wherein, Jian Kuo pea seed is sowed for nonirrigated farmland, stent procedures include: that Jian Kuo pea seed and leaflet rape or Millet Seed are carried out mixed seeding, bracket when growing using leaflet rape or millet as Jian Kuo pea；Jian Kuo pea seed is sowed for rice region, stent procedures include: that rice stub is stayed high stubble in rice harves, bracket when growing using rice stub as Jian Kuo pea.The present invention significantly improves seed production, saves seed usage amount by building suitable holder when sowing Jian Kuo pea seed；It by the supporting role of bracket crop, solves the problems, such as that the Jian Kuo pea later period crawls, provides good condition for machine receipts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a high-yield production method of common vetch seeds.
Background
Common vetch is not only an important green manure crop in China, but also high-quality forage grass, and is also a grain crop. Not only can be planted in spring in the north, but also can be planted in autumn in the south of Huang-Huai. The common vetch production development has great significance for the development of agriculture and animal husbandry in China. However, because research and technology accumulation are delayed, vicia sativa seed production is at a lower level, and seed yield is low and unstable, which restricts the development of vicia sativa.
The conventional common vetch seed production technology generally adopts drill seeding or broadcast seeding, the dry land in the north is generally drill seeding, the row spacing is 30cm, the seeding rate is 3.0 kg/mu, the seed yield is generally average 120 kg/mu, the rice field in the south is generally broadcast seeding, the seeding rate is 4.0 kg/mu, and the seed yield is generally 100 kg/mu. Regardless of whether in paddy field or dry land, take traditional mode to produce the common vetch seed, all there are following technical problem: 1. the common vetch has large growth amount from the flowering stage to the mature stage, serious population depression, obstructed lower photosynthesis, reduced pod formation, increased flower and pod falling rate and influence on yield. 2. Common vetch is a vine plant, generally crawls on the ground after pod setting, has poor mechanical harvesting effect, serious seed loss, ineffective harvesting of high-quality seeds at the lower part and reduced overall seed quality.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the embodiment of the invention provides a high-yield production method of common vetch seeds, and mainly aims to improve the seed yield.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention mainly provides the following technical scheme:
on the one hand, the embodiment of the invention provides a high-yield production method of common vetch seeds, which comprises a sowing process, a fertilizing process, a supporting process, a watering process, a growth regulating process and a pest control process; wherein,
to the dry land seeding common vetch seed, its support process includes: the common vetch seed and the leaflet rape or the millet seed are sowed in a mixed mode, and the leaflet rape or the millet is used as a support for growth of the common vetch;
to rice field seeding common vetch seed, its support process includes: leave the rice stake high stubble when rice results, utilize the rice stake as the support when common vetch grows.
Preferably, the seeding rate of the lobular rape is 0.05kg per mu, and the seeding rate of the millet is 0.1kg per mu.
Preferably, the stubble height of the rice stubble is more than 40 cm.
Preferably, the method for producing the seeds of vicia sativa in dry land specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting barren land with moderate soil fertility, good drainage and low yield for planting other crops;
(2) the soil preparation and fertilization adopt machine tillage, the tillage depth is 15 cm-20 cm, and the purposes of up-deficiency, down-deficiency, and bumpiness are achieved; before soil preparation, the phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is completely used as a base fertilizer and is uniformly spread on the ground surface, and the phosphate fertilizer (P)2O5) 2-3kg of potassium fertilizer (K) per mu2O) 3-4kg of dosage per mu;
(3) the sowing method is characterized in that the proper sowing period of the autumn sowing area is 9 months, 20 days to 10 months and 15 days; the proper sowing period of the spring sowing area is 4 months, 20 days to 5 months and 15 days, and the sowing quantity is 1.5 to 2.0kg per mu; sowing in a mechanical drilling or mechanical hole sowing mode, wherein the sowing depth is 2-3 cm;
(4) sowing in a mixed manner with the bracket crops, selecting lobular rape or millet as the bracket crops, and sowing seeds of common vetch and rape in a mixed manner, wherein the sowing amount of the rape is 0.05kg per mu, and the sowing amount of the millet is 0.1kg per mu;
(5) irrigating, namely irrigating, sowing soil preparation after sufficient bottom soil moisture is irrigated according to soil moisture content conditions and insufficient soil moisture content before sowing, and ensuring seedling emergence; watering for 1 time in spring and drought with the irrigation quantity of 30-40 m per mu3；
(6) Growth regulation, wherein 2000ppm of boric fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch before blooming, 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, 400ppm of multiple-effect filing solution is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, and 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch, so that the pod maturing rate is improved;
(7) disease and pest control, namely spraying 800-time liquid of 50% carbendazim or 1000-time liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder to the vicia sativa in early spring, and spraying for 2 times after 7 d; in early spring to flowering period, aphid is harmful, and 1000 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate emulsion or 1500 times of liquid of 10% imidacloprid can be sprayed for prevention and treatment;
(8) harvesting is carried out by adopting a harvester, and due to the fact that the size difference between the selected bracket crop rape or millet seeds and the common vetch seeds is large, the seeds can be separated by adopting a screening method.
Preferably, the method for producing common vetch seeds in rice area specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the sowing method is suitable for sowing in 9 months and 20 days to 10 months and 15 days; the sowing quantity is suitable for 2.0-3.0 kg per mu; sowing in a broadcast sowing mode 3 days before or after the rice is harvested;
(2) the common vetch support is selected from a rice pile as the common vetch support; high stubble is left on rice piles when rice is harvested, and the stubble height is more than 40 cm;
(3) the ditch is fallen to steep, and the steep ghost image of injure in paddy field is made a common vetch grow. After sowing, ditching by using a ditching machine, wherein the ditch depth is 20cm, the ditch width is 25cm, the ditch spacing is 6-8 m, and the ditch is communicated with a farmland drainage ditch, so that long-term water accumulation on the field surface is avoided;
(4) irrigating, namely, ensuring seedling emergence after sufficient bottom soil moisture is irrigated according to soil moisture content conditions and insufficient soil moisture content before sowing; watering for 1 time in spring and drought;
(5) growth regulation, wherein 2000ppm of boric fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch before blooming, 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, 400ppm of multiple-effect filing solution is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, and 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch, so that the pod maturing rate is improved;
(6) disease and pest control, wherein the common vetch occasionally has leaf spot disease in early spring, and can be sprayed with 800 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim or 1000 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder once for 7d and continuously for 2 times; in early spring to flowering period, aphid is harmful, and 1000 times of 40% dimethoate emulsion or 1500 times of 10% imidacloprid can be sprayed for prevention and treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the common vetch flower-bearing fruit pod growth method aims at the technical problems that the common vetch flower-bearing fruit grows in a large amount in a mature period, the population is seriously covered, the lower part photosynthesis is blocked, the pod bearing is reduced, the flower and pod falling rate is increased, and the yield is influenced; by adopting the technical means of building a proper bracket when the common vetch seeds are sowed, the technical effects of obviously improving the seed yield and saving the seed using amount are achieved; according to the common vetch creeping device, the problem that the common vetch creeps in the later period is solved through the supporting effect of the bracket crop, and good conditions are provided for mechanical harvesting.
26 days in 2018 and 9 months, 10 mu of dry land is selected in the same field in Zhengyang county in Henan, wherein 5 mu of dry land is planted conventionally, 5 mu of dry land is planted by mixed sowing with bracket crop rape, mechanical harvesting is carried out in 20 days in 2019 and 5 months, the average yield of conventional planting is 132 kg/mu, the average yield of bracket mixed sowing planting is 176 kg/mu, and the yield is increased by 33.3 percent compared with that of conventional planting.
And in 2018, 20 days in 9 months, 6 mu of rice field is selected in the same field in Guangshan county in Henan, wherein 3 mu of rice field is planted conventionally (no high stubble is left when the rice is harvested), 3 mu of rice field is planted by a bracket with 40cm high stubble left, and in 2019, in 5 months and 15 days, the rice field is harvested mechanically, the average yield of conventional planting is 98 kg/mu, and the average yield of bracket planting is 126 kg/mu, which is increased by 28.6 percent compared with the conventional planting.
Detailed Description
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the predetermined objects, the following detailed description of the embodiments, technical solutions, features and effects according to the present invention will be given with preferred embodiments. The particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in the embodiments or embodiments described below.
Example 1 (Dry land planting)
The method for producing the common vetch seeds in the dry field specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting barren land with moderate soil fertility, good drainage and low yield for planting other crops;
(2) the soil preparation and fertilization adopt machine tillage, the tillage depth is 15 cm-20 cm, and the purposes of up-deficiency, down-deficiency, and bumpiness are achieved; before soil preparation, the phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is completely used as a base fertilizer and is uniformly spread on the ground surface, and the phosphate fertilizer (P)2O5) 2-3kg of potassium fertilizer (K) per mu2O) 3-4kg of dosage per mu;
(3) the sowing method is characterized in that the proper sowing period of the autumn sowing area is 9 months, 20 days to 10 months and 15 days; the proper sowing period of the spring sowing area is 4 months, 20 days to 5 months and 15 days, and the sowing quantity is 1.5 to 2.0kg per mu; sowing in a mechanical drilling or mechanical hole sowing mode, wherein the sowing depth is 2-3 cm;
(4) sowing in a mixed manner with the bracket crops, selecting lobular rape or millet as the bracket crops, and sowing seeds of common vetch and rape in a mixed manner, wherein the sowing amount of the rape is 0.05kg per mu, and the sowing amount of the millet is 0.1kg per mu;
(5) irrigating, namely irrigating, sowing soil preparation after sufficient bottom soil moisture is irrigated according to soil moisture content conditions and insufficient soil moisture content before sowing, and ensuring seedling emergence; watering for 1 time in spring and drought with the irrigation quantity of 30-40 m per mu3；
(6) Growth regulation, wherein 2000ppm of boric fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch before blooming, 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, 400ppm of multiple-effect filing solution is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, and 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch, so that the pod maturing rate is improved;
(7) disease and pest control, namely spraying 800-time liquid of 50% carbendazim or 1000-time liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder to the vicia sativa in early spring, and spraying for 2 times after 7 d; in early spring to flowering period, aphid is harmful, and 1000 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate emulsion or 1500 times of liquid of 10% imidacloprid can be sprayed for prevention and treatment;
(8) harvesting is carried out by adopting a harvester, and due to the fact that the size difference between the selected bracket crop rape or millet seeds and the common vetch seeds is large, the seeds can be separated by adopting a screening method.
Example 2 (Rice field planting)
The production method of common vetch seeds in rice area specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the sowing method is suitable for sowing in 9 months and 20 days to 10 months and 15 days; the sowing quantity is suitable for 2.0-3.0 kg per mu; sowing in a broadcast sowing mode 3 days before or after the rice is harvested;
(2) the common vetch support is selected from a rice pile as the common vetch support; high stubble is left on rice piles when rice is harvested, and the stubble height is more than 40 cm;
(3) the ditch is fallen to steep, and the steep ghost image of injure in paddy field is made a common vetch grow. After sowing, ditching by using a ditching machine, wherein the ditch depth is 20cm, the ditch width is 25cm, the ditch spacing is 6-8 m, and the ditch is communicated with a farmland drainage ditch, so that long-term water accumulation on the field surface is avoided;
(4) irrigating, namely, ensuring seedling emergence after sufficient bottom soil moisture is irrigated according to soil moisture content conditions and insufficient soil moisture content before sowing; watering for 1 time in spring and drought;
(5) growth regulation, wherein 2000ppm of boric fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch before blooming, 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, 400ppm of multiple-effect filing solution is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, and 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch, so that the pod maturing rate is improved;
(6) disease and pest control, wherein the common vetch occasionally has leaf spot disease in early spring, and can be sprayed with 800 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim or 1000 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder once for 7d and continuously for 2 times; in early spring to flowering period, aphid is harmful, and 1000 times of 40% dimethoate emulsion or 1500 times of 10% imidacloprid can be sprayed for prevention and treatment.
The common vetch planting experience is abundant for many years, and in the planting process, the common vetch is found to have large growth amount from the common vetch flower filling period to the mature period, so that the population is seriously covered, the photosynthesis at the lower part is blocked, the pod formation is reduced, the flower and pod falling rate is increased, and the yield is greatly influenced; in order to solve the problems, the inventor discovers that a proper bracket crop is built near a planting place of common vetch when the common vetch is sowed through field observation and problem analysis, the problem that common vetch is covered from flower containing to pod forming and ripening can be solved, and a better solution is provided for mechanical seed harvesting; through set up suitable support near the common vetch, can show its seed output that improves, save the seed use amount, because the supporting role of support crop has solved common vetch later stage problem of creeping, receive for the machine and provide good condition.
The embodiments of the present invention are not exhaustive, and those skilled in the art can select them from the prior art.
The above disclosure is only for the specific embodiments of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present invention, and shall be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the above claims.
Claims (5)
1. A production method for high yield of common vetch seeds is characterized by comprising a sowing process, a fertilizing process, a supporting process, a watering process, a growth regulating process and a pest control process; wherein,
to the dry land seeding common vetch seed, its support process includes: the common vetch seed and the leaflet rape or the millet seed are sowed in a mixed mode, and the leaflet rape or the millet is used as a support for growth of the common vetch;
to rice field seeding common vetch seed, its support process includes: leave the rice stake high stubble when rice results, utilize the rice stake as the support when common vetch grows.
2. The method for producing vicia sativa seeds at high yield according to claim 1, wherein the seeding rate of canola is 0.05kg per mu, and the seeding rate of millet is 0.1kg per mu.
3. The method for producing vicia sativa seeds at high yield according to claim 1, wherein the stubble height of the rice stumps is 40cm or more.
4. The method for producing a high yield of vicia sativa seed according to claim 1, wherein the method for producing the vicia sativa seed specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting barren land with moderate soil fertility, good drainage and low yield for planting other crops;
(2) the soil preparation and fertilization adopt machine tillage, the tillage depth is 15 cm-20 cm, and the purposes of up-deficiency, down-deficiency, and bumpiness are achieved; before soil preparation, the phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is completely used as a base fertilizer and is uniformly spread on the ground surface, and the phosphate fertilizer (P)2O5) 2-3kg of potassium fertilizer (K) per mu2O) 3-4kg of dosage per mu;
(3) the sowing method is characterized in that the proper sowing period of the autumn sowing area is 9 months, 20 days to 10 months and 15 days; the proper sowing period of the spring sowing area is 4 months, 20 days to 5 months and 15 days, and the sowing quantity is 1.5 to 2.0kg per mu; sowing in a mechanical drilling or mechanical hole sowing mode, wherein the sowing depth is 2-3 cm;
(4) sowing in a mixed manner with the bracket crops, selecting lobular rape or millet as the bracket crops, and sowing seeds of common vetch and rape in a mixed manner, wherein the sowing amount of the rape is 0.05kg per mu, and the sowing amount of the millet is 0.1kg per mu;
(5) irrigating, namely irrigating, sowing soil preparation after sufficient bottom soil moisture is irrigated according to soil moisture content conditions and insufficient soil moisture content before sowing, and ensuring seedling emergence; watering for 1 time in spring and drought with the irrigation quantity of 30-40 m per mu3；
(6) Growth regulation, wherein 2000ppm of boric fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch before blooming, 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, 400ppm of multiple-effect filing solution is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, and 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch, so that the pod maturing rate is improved;
(7) disease and pest control, namely spraying 800-time liquid of 50% carbendazim or 1000-time liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder to the vicia sativa in early spring, and spraying for 2 times after 7 d; in early spring to flowering period, aphid is harmful, and 1000 times of liquid of 40% dimethoate emulsion or 1500 times of liquid of 10% imidacloprid can be sprayed for prevention and treatment;
(8) harvesting is carried out by adopting a harvester, and due to the fact that the size difference between the selected bracket crop rape or millet seeds and the common vetch seeds is large, the seeds can be separated by adopting a screening method.
5. The method for producing vicia sativa seeds at high yield according to claim 1, wherein the method for producing vicia sativa seeds at high yield specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) the sowing method is suitable for sowing in 9 months and 20 days to 10 months and 15 days; the sowing quantity is suitable for 2.0-3.0 kg per mu; sowing in a broadcast sowing mode 3 days before or after the rice is harvested;
(2) the common vetch support is selected from a rice pile as the common vetch support; high stubble is left on rice piles when rice is harvested, and the stubble height is more than 40 cm;
(3) the ditch is fallen to steep, and the steep ghost image of injure in paddy field is made a common vetch grow. After sowing, ditching by using a ditching machine, wherein the ditch depth is 20cm, the ditch width is 25cm, the ditch spacing is 6-8 m, and the ditch is communicated with a farmland drainage ditch, so that long-term water accumulation on the field surface is avoided;
(4) irrigating, namely, ensuring seedling emergence after sufficient bottom soil moisture is irrigated according to soil moisture content conditions and insufficient soil moisture content before sowing; watering for 1 time in spring and drought;
(5) growth regulation, wherein 2000ppm of boric fertilizer is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch before blooming, 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, 400ppm of multiple-effect filing solution is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch in the initial flowering period, and 50kg of solution per mu is sprayed on the leaf surface of common vetch, so that the pod maturing rate is improved;
(6) disease and pest control, wherein the common vetch occasionally has leaf spot disease in early spring, and can be sprayed with 800 times of liquid of 50% carbendazim or 1000 times of liquid of 70% thiophanate methyl wettable powder once for 7d and continuously for 2 times; in early spring to flowering period, aphid is harmful, and 1000 times of 40% dimethoate emulsion or 1500 times of 10% imidacloprid can be sprayed for prevention and treatment.
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| CN201910650815.7A CN110291949A (en) | 2019-07-18 | 2019-07-18 | A kind of production method of Jian Kuo pea seed high yield |
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| CN201910650815.7A CN110291949A (en) | 2019-07-18 | 2019-07-18 | A kind of production method of Jian Kuo pea seed high yield |
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| CN111758512A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-10-13 | 西藏自治区农牧科学院农业研究所 | Planting method for interplanting highland barley and arrow-tongue peas |
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